In my environment, the problem occurred when I tried to start 20
instances in the same time with the following command.

nova boot --image IMAGE --num-instances 20 test

Some of the instances couldn't get dhcp IP address.

I found the following warning message in /var/log/quantum/server.log.

2013-07-04 18:25:41  WARNING [quantum.scheduler.dhcp_agent_scheduler] No
active DHCP agents

And after checking the related code in file ocpcc1:/usr/lib/python2.6
/site-packages/quantum/scheduler/dhcp_agent_scheduler.py

71     def is_agent_down(cls, heart_beat_time):
72         LOG.debug("now: %s, heart_beat_time: %s, agent_down_time: %d" % 
(str(timeutils.utcnow()), heart_beat_time, cfg.CONF.agent_down_time))
73         return timeutils.is_older_than(heart_beat_time,
74                                        cfg.CONF.agent_down_time)

The line 72 is what I inserted to debug.

After checking the output of line 72, I found the agent_down_time is too
short. The default value is 5 seconds.

I added the agent_down_time to /etc/quantum/quantum.conf, and set it to
15 seconds, then all things worked fine.

Hope what I did can help you.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1189909

Title:
  dhcp-agent does always provide IP address for instances with re-cycled
  IP addresses.

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