I figured something else out that I believe makes this a much less
complicated problem to solve.

It turns out that Ubuntu, despite having nftables installed by default,
does not directly have /usr/sbin/nft invoked by the UFW binary. In
reality, UFW configures its rules via /usr/sbin/iptables, which is by
default a symlink to /etc/alternatives/iptables, which is a symlink to
/usr/sbin/iptables-nft.

However, NetworkManager defaults to using /usr/sbin/nft if it's
installed, even though we really probably want it to go through
/etc/alternatives/iptables, since it seems like the UFW (and I think
also Docker's) rules are being directly set there. (and I'm guessing
that's why I am not having any luck overriding them via /usr/sbin/nft).

We discussed this internally, and we think the most appropriate approach
would be to override the default firewall backend via a config option,
which is already possible without any changes to upstream NM itself.

I'll submit a PR to Ubuntu's NM to install the following config:


debian/default-firewall-use-iptables.conf:

[main]
firewall-backend = iptables

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2128668

Title:
  Wi-Fi hotspot startup does not configure firewalls as needed for
  internet sharing

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