Public bug reported:
On Ubuntu 26.04 with linux-image-7.0.0-29-generic, no out-of-tree kernel
module will load. Modules build cleanly and sign correctly, but insmod
fails with "Invalid module format" and the kernel logs an invalid
relocation target.
Reproducer — a six-line module with no dependencies is enough:
mkdir -p ~/hellomod && cd ~/hellomod
printf '#include <linux/module.h>\nstatic int __init h(void){return
0;}\nstatic void __exit
b(void){}\nmodule_init(h);\nmodule_exit(b);\nMODULE_LICENSE("GPL");\n' > hello.c
printf 'obj-m += hello.o\n' > Makefile
make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$PWD modules
sudo /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/scripts/sign-file sha256 \
/var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der hello.ko
sudo insmod hello.ko
Expected: module loads.
Actual: insmod: ERROR: could not insert module hello.ko: Invalid module format
dmesg:
module: x86/modules: Invalid relocation target, existing value is
nonzero for sec 41, idx 1, type 1, loc ffffffffc31564d0, val
ffffffffc34c0010
readelf identifies the failing section as .gnu.linkonce.this_module. Its
relocation section contains only the two standard entries every kernel
module has:
Offset Type Symbol
0x138 R_X86_64_64 init_module + 0
0x490 R_X86_64_64 cleanup_module + 0
Environment:
Ubuntu 26.04 LTS
Linux 7.0.0-29-generic #29-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Jul 17 2026
Kernel built with gcc 15.2.0 (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1), GNU ld 2.46
Modules built with the same gcc 15.2.0 — vermagic matches
linux-image, linux-headers and linux-modules are all 7.0.0-29.29, so
there is no version skew between the running kernel and the build
headers
Secure Boot enabled, MOK enrolled, signing verified working (an
unsigned module fails differently, with "Key was rejected by service")
CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_ZSTD=y
CONFIG_MITIGATION_ITS=y, but the CPU reports "Not affected" and booting
with indirect_target_selection=off makes no difference
nvidia on this system is the prebuilt linux-modules-nvidia-595-open
package, built alongside the kernel rather than via DKMS, so it is
not a working out-of-tree counter-example. There are no other DKMS
modules installed to compare against.
Originally found while trying to load tuxedo-drivers for keyboard
backlight control. Reproduced with tuxedo-drivers 4.22.3, tuxedo-drivers
4.21.0 and tuxedo-keyboard 3.2.10 — three releases across two unrelated
codebases, all failing identically — which is what led to the minimal
reproducer above.
Caveat: very small modules do appear to load (tuxedo_compatibility_check,
~12KB, loads fine), so there may be a discriminator I have not
identified, and the failure may not be as universal as the reproducer
suggests. No earlier kernel is installed on this system, so I have not
been able to test whether this is specific to the 7.0.0-29 ABI.
ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 26.04
Package: linux-image-7.0.0-29-generic 7.0.0-29.29
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 7.0.0-29.29-generic 7.0.12
Uname: Linux 7.0.0-29-generic x86_64
ApportVersion: 2.34.1-0ubuntu0.1
Architecture: amd64
AudioDevicesInUse:
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/dev/snd/controlC1: matt 5277 F.... wireplumber
/dev/snd/controlC0: matt 5277 F.... wireplumber
/dev/snd/seq: matt 5271 F.... pipewire
CasperMD5CheckResult: pass
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Sat Aug 15 21:42:44 2026
InstallationDate: Installed on 2026-08-15 (0 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 26.04 "Resolute Raccoon" - Release amd64 (20260423.1)
IwDevWlp5s0f0Link: Not connected.
Lsusb:
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1e7d:2c2e ROCCAT Lua Mouse
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 5986:2170 Bison Electronics Inc. BisonCam,NB Pro
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 8087:0036 Intel Corp. BE200 Bluetooth
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
MachineType: 3XS Gamer
ProcEnviron:
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
PATH=(custom, no user)
SHELL=/bin/bash
TERM=xterm-256color
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
ProcFB: 0 i915drmfb
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-7.0.0-29-generic
root=UUID=7cabd3ec-7315-40bf-9c08-7a571a4ec64a ro quiet splash
indirect_target_selection=off
crashkernel=2G-4G:320M,4G-32G:512M,32G-64G:1024M,64G-128G:2048M,128G-:4096M
SourcePackage: linux
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)
dmi.bios.date: 12/05/2025
dmi.bios.release: 7.8
dmi.bios.vendor: INSYDE Corp.
dmi.bios.version: 1.07.08
dmi.board.asset.tag: Tag 12345
dmi.board.name: V3xxSNR
dmi.board.vendor: Notebook
dmi.board.version: Not Applicable
dmi.chassis.asset.tag: No Asset Tag
dmi.chassis.type: 10
dmi.chassis.vendor: No Enclosure
dmi.chassis.version: N/A
dmi.ec.firmware.release: 9.5
dmi.modalias:
dmi:bvnINSYDECorp.:bvr1.07.08:bd12/05/2025:br7.8:efr9.5:svn3XS:pnGamer:pvrNotApplicable:rvnNotebook:rnV3xxSNR:rvrNotApplicable:cvnNoEnclosure:ct10:cvrN/A:sku562254:pfaScanComputers:
dmi.product.family: Scan Computers
dmi.product.name: Gamer
dmi.product.sku: 562254
dmi.product.version: Not Applicable
dmi.sys.vendor: 3XS
** Affects: linux (Ubuntu)
Importance: Undecided
Status: New
** Tags: amd64 apport-bug resolute wayland-session
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2163585
Title:
No out-of-tree kernel module can load on 7.0.0-29-generic: "Invalid
relocation target" on R_X86_64_64 against .gnu.linkonce.this_module
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