Les avantages de bien faire le boulot avec des sp�cialistes
supervis�s
Plut�t que faire la job � moiti� et en vitesse avec les meilleurs
(pas n�cessairement bien supervis�)

http://www.sane-sart.com/



SANE Programs Growing Exponentially; Trauma Common Among Sexual
Assault Victims and Fewer Know their Assailants

        Laura Gore - (202) 728-0610 ext. 3006 

Washington, DC � A new study examines Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner
(SANE) programs, which uses a team approach to treating and gathering
forensic evidence from victims of sexual assault, in the April issue
of Annals of Emergency Medicine. Another study reports that trauma is
common among sexual assault victims and that fewer victims know their
assailants. A case report describes the complications of a man who
ingested an popular over-the-counter, body-building hormone, praised
in popular fitness magazines. Embargoed copies of the articles are
available from the Washington office of the American College of
Emergency Physicians.

SANE Program
A survey of 92 programs SANE programs in the United States (61
responding) found many similarities among programs related to
staffing, training, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases
(STDs) and pregnancy, and documentation techniques. The study also
found inconsistencies in the use of STD cultures, HIV testing, and
drug-alcohol screening, suggesting a best-practices protocol could be
designed. Since only a few programs could provide survivor followup
and legal outcome information, it was not possible to evaluate the
program's effectiveness. National victimization studies estimate
683,000 rapes occur each year, with 16% to 32% of rapes reported and
30% of those actually prosecuted. (Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner
Programs in the United States)

"There has been an exponential growth of SANE programs in the
country, and forensic nurse examiners increasingly have become
important in treating sexual assault victims," said Caroline Wilson,
MD, of the Summa Health System Department of Emergency Medicine in
Akron, Ohio. "Forensic nursing programs were designed to remove
sexual assault evidence collection from emergency department staff,
to create a compassionate examination process, and to obtain
complete, consistent data."

The study found that most programs use registered nurses and nurse
practitioners, primarily those with specific and practical training
for forensic examinations. According to the study, program
director-coordinators predominately were registered nurses. More than
half of responding programs performed initial sexual assault
examinations in hospital emergency departments, and most of them
(86%) used pre-prepared commercial sexual assault kits. HIV testing
was not offered in more than half of responding programs.

"Sexual assault and its traumatic, infectious, psychologic, and legal
consequences are a continuing challenge in emergency medicine," said
Dr. Wilson. "Excellent care for survivors requires coordination of
clinical medicine with forensic science, law enforcement, and victim
advocacy. Further research is needed, and collection of outcome
measures will help define the impact of the programs."

Analysis of Sexual Assault
A study of more than 1,000 sexual assault victims found trauma to be
common, and fewer victims to know their assailants. According to the
study, 40% of assaults occurred in either the victim's or the
assailant's home, and force was used in 80% of reported assaults. In
more than one-fourth of cases (27%), a weapon was used, and in more
than one-third of cases (39%), the assailant was a stranger (Analysis
of 1,076 Cases of Sexual Assault)

"Several demographic features of sexual assault victims and sexual
assaults have changed in the past 20 years," said Debra Houry, MD, of
Denver Health Center. "Although sexual assault victims are still much
more likely to be female than male, the percentage of sexual assaults
perpetrated by strangers has declined."

Sexual assault victims are more likely to be female (96%) than male
(4%). General body trauma was seen in more than two-thirds of cases,
and genital trauma occurred in about half of cases. According to the
study, evidence of semen is commonly found by a crime laboratory,
even when it is not noted in the emergency department and when there
is no trauma noted on examination. Sperm were noted in the emergency
department in only 13% (93 of 716 ) of victims. "The value of an
examination immediately after an incident is also limited by the fact
that contusions may not become visible for at least 48 hours," said
Dr. Houry. "Because many sexual assault victims may not have physical
trauma or genital trauma on examination, this does not mean an
assault did not occur."

The Federal Bureau of Investigations in 1994 estimated that 1 of 3
women and 1 of 7 men in the United States will be raped at some point
in their lifetime. Reports of incidence and prevalence of sexual
assault are increasing, in part because of increased reporting of
such crime.

Athletic Drug Related to Sexual Dysfunction
A case report describes a 30-year old man with the rare condition of
priapism, a painful involuntary penile erection, unrelated to sexual
desire or stimulation, which needs urgent attention to minimize the
risk of future impotence. According to the report, the man had
ingested an over-the-counter male hormone androstenedione, praised in
popular fitness magazines as having both muscle-enhancing qualities
and as an alternative to Viagra. Unlike testosterone, which cannot be
legally purchased, androstenedione can be readily purchased in tablet
form at local fitness and nutrition stores. (Priapism After
Androstenedione Intake for Athletic Performance Enhancement)
"The role of this hormone has not be studied in human beings," said
Pranav N. Kachhi, MD, of the University of Southern California School
of Medicine in Los Angeles. "It's important for the public and
physicians to be aware of possible complications of over-the counter
body-building supplements."

Rewarming of Hypothermia Victims
A study of methods for rewarming hypothermia victims in a
pre-hospital setting found that using a heating blanket (set to 42�C
or 107.6�F) more than doubled the rewarming rate compared with the
use of insulation with reflective metal foil, a commonly used field
rewarming method. Resistive heating eliminated heat loss and even
transferred some heat across the skin surface. Study authors said
that faster rewarming of hypothermia patients is important, because
it is likely to reduce hypothermia-related complications. (Resistive
Heating is More Effective Than Metallic-Foil Insulation in an
Experimental Model of Accidental Hypothermia: A Randomized Controlled
Trial)

Annals of Emergency Medicine is the peer-reviewed journal of the
American College of Emergency Physicians, a national medical society
representing almost 21,000 physicians who specialize in emergency
medicine. ACEP is committed to improving the quality of emergency
care through continuing education, research, and public education.
Headquartered in Dallas, Texas, ACEP has 53 chapters representing
each state, as well as Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia, and
a Government Services Chapter representing emergency physicians
employed by military branches and other government agencies. 


http://www.acep.org/3,1318,0.html
� 1996-2003. American College of Emergency Physicians.
Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED] for more information.
This page last updated on July 11, 2002 at 5:08:06 pm.




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