Jones--
Most excitation of Nuclei to determine isomeric states has been via neutron
activation or proton excitation using reactors for neutrons or accelerators
for protons. Not much has been via electromagnetic excitation. The reason
has been that it is difficult to design and build equipment to provide high
energy resonant photons. In the last 15 years the capabilitities has
improved. The only area studied extensively is in the activation of
nuclear magnetic moments and their measurement. The entire nuclear magnetic
resonance technology uses the knowledge of various energy states associated
with differing magnetic moments for a host of different nuclei.
The issue in my mind is whether the nuclear QCD theory allows transitions
between spin states to distribute fractional energy packets equal to the
differential mass energy between two D's and one He. If such a reaction
can happen it very well may happen, if the assemblage of receptor particles
coupled to the system where the the two D's come together is properly
aligned to accept the transfer of energy packets. The increase in entropy
which Nature like to accomplish is allowed it goes without saying it will
occur.
Keep in mind that we do not get radiation coming off, LENR and thus the
energy transfer must be one that does not involve linear momentum and the
resulting kinetic energy of particles. Spin energy and associated angular
momentum does not entail high kinetic energy particles or photons. In this
vein the alternate route to spin is the exclusive route that has been
studied and used heretofore--the simple way via radiation.
However, spin energy in many ways may be "simpler" than radiation. It is
surely much nicer to work with. The exclusive alternative of radiation
fractionation may not be exclusive.
Bob
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jones Beene" <[email protected]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Wednesday, May 14, 2014 9:04 AM
Subject: RE: [Vo]:Nuclear isomer
Hi Bob,
I agree that spin coupling is possible, even likely. However, what is
missing from the discussion is the issue of "exclusivity." How does spin
coupling suddenly become the only route to shed energy, especially when it
never was more than a minor route in standard physics?
In short, just like with the Hagelstein hypothesis, we are not dealing just
with merely an alternative route to shed high energy - but instead - to an
exclusive alternative.
Since nature prefers the simplest way - which is via radiation, any mention
of exclusivity presents an almost insurmountable problem, especially if
there is no model in standard nuclear physics.
10 watts of heat is trivial, but decidedly not trivial if that heat starts
out as 10 watts of x-rays - which would be the case if there was nuclear
gain which materialized as hot electrons and bremsstrahlung.
It would seem that even if one part in a thousand escapes the hypothetical
spin coupling channel, then the consequences are so severe as to void the
entire hypothesis. The risk is highly skewed.
-----Original Message-----
From: Bob Cook
Jones--
As I have suggested in the past, spin coupling of nucleons with electrons or
other nucleons may not involve the gammas and x-rays you fear must occur in
nuclear transitions. High isomeric spin states can involve high energies
above a ground energy state of a nucleus. Transitions to lower energy
states should not involve gammas or x-rays only distribution/conservation of
angular momentum.
Bob
----- Original Message -----
From: "Jones Beene"
Fran,
The good-news bad-news problem with down-conversion of x-rays, as well as
the other hypotheses for the absence of high energy gamma radiation,
including that of Hagelstein, is that yes, they could possibly operate some
of the time, or even most of the time. The mechanism may sound logical, on
paper and at first glance. But nature "prefers" radiation, as a general
rule.
The bad-news problem with any such naïve suggestion, is that the would need
to operate all of time without exception. We are talking about deadly
radiation requiring thick plates of lead to shield normally, and we know
that nature already favors the preferred pathway - radiation. Think about a
dental x-ray and the elaborate precautions taken there. That radiation is
puny by comparison, both in its low power (15 keV) and in miniscule
intensity (duration) which is a few nanoseconds. LENR, such as the recent
Mizuno experiment, at many watts for many days, would be trillions of times
more intense, and no shielding except from the reactor. A lapse of a
millisecond and we have radiation burns and cancer, or worse.
In short - instead of the single miracle of the nuclear reaction itself, you
would also need the larger miracle of a brand new way to hide the high
energy radiation, plus the further miracle that the new mechanism operates
without fail. The theorist would seem to be better off to propose an
underlying reaction which can be shielded by the reactor (few keV range or
less).
In fact, it is arguable that any hypothetical radiation shielding mechanism,
if it existed, would be as valuable or more valuable than LENR itself, since
it would permit the use of subcritical fission with desktop accelerators -
say in automobiles.
From: Roarty, Francis X
Could a relativistic component as suggested by Naudts
possibly disguise/dilate/down convert Bremsstahlung?
_____________________________________________
From: Jones Beene
This is somewhat similar to the "lochon" explanation:
"Lochon Catalyzed D-D Fusion in Deuterated Palladium in the Solid State" by
Sinha and Meulenberg
Lochons are hypothesized to be electron pairs which can form
on a deuteron to give D- (which is a bosonic ion) in Palladium Deuteride.
Supposedly, lochons which are close - similar to a DDL, so that they then
catalyze D-D fusion, resulting in a type of internal conversion leading to
the formation of He plus production of lots of energy which is carried by
the alpha and the ejected electron-pair.
Problem is - the alpha is slow and the electrons are very
fast - so that with this and other forms of IC, the ejected electron(s) is
extremely energetic and the bremsstrahlung from it would be just as obvious
as gamma rays, if not more so.
From: MarkI-ZeroPoint
A Fellow Friend of Fringe Facts sent me to gander at this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_isomer
And here is what caught my attention that might apply to
LENR/CF:
-----------------------
Internal conversion
Metastable isomers may also decay by internal conversion -
***a process in which the energy of nuclear de-excitation
is NOT emitted as a gamma ray***,
but instead used to accelerate one of the inner electrons of
the atom, so that it leaves at high speed and energy. This result occurs
because inner atomic electrons penetrate the nucleus, where they are subject
to the intense electric fields which result when the protons of the nucleus
re-arrange in a different way. In nuclei which are far from stability in
energy, still other decay modes are known.
-----------------------
An added bonus was this statement which supports my model
for electrons as dipole-like oscillations which either skirt, and/or pass
thru the nucleus...
"...because inner atomic electrons penetrate the nucleus"
I guess it's going to take a 2x4 to the head to get the
science mainstream's attention... or, to interrupt their mesmerized state
brought on by indoctrination to the current paradigm.
-mark iverson
