----- Original Message ----- From: Frank Grimer > For anyone, who like me, is a novice at all things nuclear... and wants to know what "proton ordering" is, I have found a nice diagrammatic explanation at,
> http://tinyurl.com/4umoj Another website which more graphically demonstrates particular point of interest, the tiny but very important, Ice-III phase, is at: http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/PETROLGY/Ice%20Structure.HTM find the image entitled "High-Pressure Ice Polymorphs" and look for the little green colored chunk at the bottom of the graphic. EXTROPY n. : A measure of energy, life, intelligence, information, or growth potential. The collection of forces which oppose entropy There is a very good point to be made about **proton ordering** in the context of entropy and extropy. Ice-III is an important precursor to ice-IX , a.k.a. ice-9, which is the proton-ordered and possibly ferroelectric state of ice - which has important hypothetical fuel-like characteristics. Caveat Lector: This idea (and this whole series of recent threads) is hypothetical, emergent, and fast evolving. It may change overnight in important details. It could fall flat on its face. Remember, we are trying to separate the wheat from the chafe in this complex and interlocking scheme of things, with limited resources, and any refinement to that thinking is appreciated. In this regard, "chafe" is not poisonous, and is kind of trendy these days so 'bon appetite... and anyway, it's extra fiber, so after digestion, if there is no-growth potential for you, then you can deposit it in the appropriate receptacle. Obviously, in a broad theoretical way, one can say that all types of ordering (and proton-ordering in particular) is a strong indication of extropy ...and consequently has a potential energy content, on that account alone. "Directed proton ordering" due to the harnessing entropy itself in the form of temperature reduction is an ironic twist, and can be said to show that nature is potentially self-ordering to an extent. The limit of that extent is what is known as ZPE. In other words, entropy can be used to actually create extropy under the right circumstances (the addition of information). Often, however, it does not take a lot of net energy input to break up proton-ordering, but that can be irrelevant. When that small amount of energy is applied on a very fast time scale, one can perhaps achieve a higher order acceleration (jerk or jounce), resulting in actual proton displacement. This is an expected side effect of 'jerk' at the nanoscale. When such higher order acceleration occurs and hydrogen bonds are fractured, the proton is temporarily freed, and can then combine with a remote oxygen molecule. One has, in effect, bootstrapped a low amount of energy into a high amount of energy, and done so "off-the-books" so to speak (if your books do not include ZPE). At least that is the hypothesis behind this. The discovery and existence of an ice transition into a ferroelectric phase has sparked considerable debate. The predicted transition at 98K is in good agreement with the observed transition at 72K, and the low temperature phase resulting in the ferroelectric phase has now been determined in diffraction experiments. This phase demands proton ordering, such as occurs when ice-3 changes to ice-9 under pressure. FERROELECTRIC adj. Of or relating to a crystalline dielectric that can be given a permanent electric polarization by application of an electric field. What this means, ultimately, in terms of being able to engineer an additional "hidden" energy content into ice, due to proton ordering, is not yet crystal clear, but it probably means that certain forms of highly particulated ice can hold an applied charge for extended periods, just like any good ultra-capacitor. After undergoing explosive brittle mechanical failure, they will then be poised, at the very same time, to dump the additional entrained electrical charge into the expanding redox explosion, adding to the energy multiplication effect. Ever hear of an "exploding capacitor"? Check google - you will get over 8000 hits and some nice images. One more reason why it makes sense, as a future transportation fuel, to consider the use of a hypothetical new type of liquid fuel: __ice-9 entrained, electrically-charged CA (cryo-air)__ as a substitute fuel for use in an internal combustion engine (ICE). If some planned experiments pan out, I will try to give this new fuel a cute name, perhaps something in honor of Gene Mallove, and his brave 1991 book "Fire from Ice"... maybe something like "fire-ice" even though it does not employ LENR. There is the potential here to create in an ecologically sound transportation fuel, with potentially far more energy content than is found in gasoline, at moderate cost, and with the potential to be made (at least partly) at home. The payoff could be huge. Stay tuned. Jones
