Dear all my name is Paolo Accomazzi, I worked several years as a computational chemist but now I'm a web developper.
I wish to share some considerations on the possible formation / structure of Prof. Holmlid's Ultra Dense Hydrogen. I'm referring to the structure depicted in this paper: Excitation levels in ultra-dense hydrogen p(−1) and d(−1) clusters: Structure of spin-based Rydberg Matter http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1387380613002947 In particular to this structure proposed for Ultra Dense Hydrogen http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1387380613002947-fx1.jpg Imagine a magnetic field (generated from the catalyzer used to produce Ultra Dense Hydrogen) along the cylindrical axis of the figure. My idea is how to imagine in such a structure a compression of the couples of nuclei towards the central axis to a very low distances (few pm) such as the ones found experimentally by Holmlid and coworkers. Magnetic field and rotational state of molecules may lead to a shrinking of the bond lenght? I found two articles that may be interesting in this context. 1) Firs one is A Paramagnetic Bonding Mechanism for Diatomics in Strong Magnetic Fields SCIENCE VOL 337 20 JULY 2012 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6092/327.full http://folk.uio.no/helgaker/reprints/Science_337_327_2012.pdf Here is reported a very important result: the presence of a magnetic field stabilizes the antibonding electronic structure of the hydrogen molecule with its molecular axis perpendicular to the magnetic field. It is the same situation of the sketch In this case S=1 the spins of the two electrons are parallel, and this is consistent whith Holmlid's experimental results about total spin measured. 2) Second paper is The two-body problem in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3700/14/4/022/pdf This paper deals with the problem of the transverse motion for an H atom in magnetic field. The result is very important: in this conditions it is not possible to separate the motion of centre of mass from the internal (reduced) coordinate, and this has several implications on the solution of Scrhodinger equation. The solution in internal (reduced) coordinate depends explicitly from the velocity of the center of mass. This may modify the geometry of our internal solution depending, as an example, from the rotational state of an atom being part of an hydrogen molecule rotating around the center of mass. The difficulties with separation of internal from center of mass motion are also revealed from careful calulations of rotational spectra as depicted in several papers in literature as an example one may cite: Analysis of Rotational and Vibrational−Rotational Spectra of HF Based on the Non-Born−Oppenheimer Effective Hamiltonian http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp9026018 3) Conclusion Commenting the picture for ultra dense hydrogen, following paper 1 the electron spin are parallel, and as paper 2 suggests there may result a shrinking in the geometry of the molecule, moreover the spin-orbit interaction may contribute to further squeeze the electrons towards the center of the molecule. (The functional form for the spin-orbit interaction for an atom is the inverse of the third power of the distance of the electron from the center.) This may help to explain the formation of ultra dense hydrogen. I'm interested in your comments about this idea. - Paolo Accomazzi, Italy
