In C.G. (Guy) Suits' 1930s experiments with hydrogen arcs he
noted that "even at atmospheric pressure the arc had an extremely
small cross section. It was, in fact, no larger than an arc in a nitrogen
atmosphere subjected to pressures greater than 1500 pounds per
square inch. ("a 10 ampere arc in air at atmospheric pressure had a diameter
of about 1/2 inch").
He noted that when the hydrogen pressure was increased above 300 pounds
per square inch "the stability of the arc was destroyed completely and could not
be operated at all". Suits also noted that "the gas near the hydrogen arc reached
temperatures of 6,000 to 7,000 K. This heated gas expanded, became very buoyant,
and created convection currents around the arc."
"As the pressure went up,so did the velocity of the convection currents".
"This terrific "gas blast" cooled the arc and ultimately extinguished it."
How much energy is going into the (arc discharge?) of the atomic hydrogen torch?
At 498,000 joule/gram mole of H2 (22.2 liters/gram mole at STP) 498 Kilowatts
would be required to break the gram mole of 5.2 eV H - H bonds in one second,
or at least 830 watts in the discharge to do 2.2 liters/minute in 10 minutes.
ZPE pumping, or Hydrinos if you play the stream of H atoms on potassium metal, Robin?
Fred
----- Original Message -----From: Frederick SparberTo: vortex-lSent: 1/2/2006 3:09:28 AMSubject: Re: OCCULT ETHER PHYSICS vs BETA AETHERTom Bearden Sez."The point is that any charge produces a continuous flow of real, usable EM energy from the vacuum. Thermodynamically we are describing a nonequilibrium steady-state (NESS) system, and such a system is permitted to continuously emit energy (received from its environment). The charge also falsifies the present second law of thermodynamics to any size level and time duration desired, because the emitted photons do form deterministic EM fields and potentials as a function of radial distance. One calculates the field intensity and potential intensity at any radial point, by a deterministic formula -- not by the use of statistics. Stated in the language of thermodynamics, the charge consumes positive entropy (disordered and uncontrolled energy) in the virtual state, and coherently integrates it to ordered and controlled energy in the observable state, which is a negative entropy operation producing useful EM energy in the observabl! ! e state.""The end result is to put some real substance into Lyne's observations on the excess energy from atomic hydrogen, which is equivalent to the excess energy from the proton. The proton (and any other charge, viewed in the quantum field theory manner) is continuously and ceaselessly pouring out real EM energy extracted and coherently integrated (RE-ORDERED and RECOVERED) from the disordered virtual energy of the seething vacuum. So the only barrier to COP>1.0 EM performance with atomic hydrogen is in the process or method used to diverge and collect sufficient of the continuously flowing "gusher" of real EM energy from each atom (each proton). Or, viewed thermodynamically, COP>1.0 performance is permitted by the NESS process, as is already well known in the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium steady state systems. It's rather like a windmill in a steady wind. It can permissibly change the form of its input energy to a different form of output energy, and par! ! t of that output energy can be intercepted, collected, and dissipated to power external loads. The common solar cell does the same thing, receiving observable photons from its environment and outputting electrical energy."" So the reader is urged to simply consider the fundamental information in Lyne's cogent writing, in light of the foregoing discussion, and sort out the science as he sees fit. The real point of the article is the excess energy output, and its availability for use to perform real work. "----- Original Message -----From: Frederick SparberTo: vortex-lSent: 1/2/2006 2:53:17 AMSubject: Re: OCCULT ETHER PHYSICS vs BETA AETHERThe CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics gives the H - H bond energy of 498,000Joules per mole (119,000 cal/gram mole) or 472 BTU/gram mole.Conspiracy, Frank? :-)Fred" 109,000 cal./gram mole equals 432.6 BTU/gram mole--- roughly the heat energy contained in 60 loaves of bread---the "extra heat energy" which they have asked us to believe is 'stored' in an amount of atomic hydrogen which weighs 1/28th of an ounce, during its brief passage through the arc! How could the transformer produce that much energy, especially when it uses only half what it does in conventional welding processes? It seems more likely that excess heat could be stored in molecules than in 'almost naked' atomic hydrogen atoms. What ever happened to Bohr's little atom! It got bigger, and bigger, and........Between the older text (1921-1950, from the first and sixth editions) and the newer (1976) Norton science encyclopedia, it was obvious that science was much more straightforward in the pre-National Security Act days, and that . . . . . . "
