Axil-- The fractional charges are related to “holes” in a charge density, not primary particles carrying a charge IMHO. These “holes” I believe result from geometric arrangements of actual charged particles including combinations of plus and minus charges.
Bob Cook From: Axil Axil Sent: Monday, November 16, 2015 9:31 AM To: vortex-l Subject: Re: [Vo]:Re: The vacuum is the glue that keeps the universe together. Has anyone ever measured an elementary particle with a charge other than an integer multiple of e? The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
