Magnetic-monopole transformation seen in ultracold gas [image: Artist's impression of the monopole transition] <http://images.iop.org/objects/phw/news/21/5/25/2017-05-18-Flash-two.jpg> Poles apart: artist's impression of the monopole transition <http://images.iop.org/objects/phw/news/21/5/25/2017-05-18-Flash-two.jpg>
The transformation of a quantum monopole into a Dirac monopole has been observed for the first time by physicists at Amherst College in the US and Aalto University in Finland. Magnetic monopoles – entities that possess only a north or a south magnetic pole – were predicted 80 years ago by Paul Dirac. While isolated monopoles have never been seen, physicists have been able to create several different collective excitations in condensed-matter systems that resemble monopoles. Now, a team led by David Hall <http://www3.amherst.edu/~halllab/> and Mikko Möttönen <http://physics.aalto.fi/en/groups/qcd/> has used a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) of ultracold rubidium atoms to first create an excitation called a quantum monopole, which takes the form of a topological point defect. The quantum monopole exists in a non-magnetized state of the BEC, but then the team applies a magnetic field to the BEC, causing it to become magnetized. This causes the destruction of the quantum monopole, which is then reborn as a Dirac monopole – an excitation that more closely resembles Dirac's original particle. "I was jumping in the air when I saw for the first time that we get a Dirac monopole from the decay," says Möttönen. "This discovery nicely ties together the monopoles we have been producing over the years." The research is described in *Physical Review X* <https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.021023>. On Tue, Jun 13, 2017 at 6:50 PM, Axil Axil <janap...@gmail.com> wrote: > http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2017/jun/12/ > superfluid-polaritons-seen-at-room-temperature > > Superfluid polaritons seen at room temperature > > the polaritons behave like a fluid that can flow without friction around > obstacles, which were formed by using a laser to burn small holes in the > organic material. This is interpreted by the researchers as being a > signature of the superfluid behaviour. > > there might be some sort of link between a superfluid and a Bose–Einstein > condensate (BEC) – the latter being a state of matter in which all > constituent particles have condensed into a single quantum state. He was > proved right in 1995 when superfluidity was observed in BECs made from > ultracold atoms > > > > On Thu, Jun 8, 2017 at 1:54 PM, Axil Axil <janap...@gmail.com> wrote: > >> A Bose condinsate brings super radiance and super absorption into play. >> These mechanisms produce concentration, storage, and amplification of low >> level energy and goes as "N", the number of items in the condinsate. >> >> On Thu, Jun 8, 2017 at 9:46 AM, Frank Znidarsic <fznidar...@aol.com> >> wrote: >> >>> Why is a Bose Condensate needed? Its a matter of size and energy. The >>> smaller the size of something we want to see the more energy it takes. >>> Using low energy radar you will never be able to read something as small as >>> this text. You need to go to UV energies to study atoms. Higher ionizing >>> energies are needed to study the nuclear forces. Really high energy >>> accelerator energies are required to look at subatomic particles. >>> >>> The common complaint physicists have with cold fusion is that the energy >>> levels are to low to induce any type of nuclear reaction. They never, >>> however, considered the energy levels of a large hundreds of atoms wide >>> condensed nano-particle. Its energy levels are quite low. Warm thermal >>> vibrations appear to the nano particle as a high energy excitation. This >>> again is a matter of its size. It's not cracks, or shrunken atoms at >>> work. It is the thermal excitation of a nano particle that yields the >>> required energy. >>> >>> Again the simulation induces a velocity of one million meters per second. >>> >>> Frank Z >>> >>> >>> >>> >> >
