Good points made by Michel and Horace, as I was heavily influenced in
this thought (at the time I read the Paynter paper) by the Graneau work.
Even now, I am not sure whether their assertion is wrong or right, but
the same general idea of the bond formation process absorbing energy is
also made in the Paynter article (which was admittedly scanned as
opposed to being studied). Perhaps the bond itself stores additional
energy over and above it also being a lower energy state.
This needs some careful analysis due to the implications. If there is a
resolution which would favor Graneau, it exist in that difference, or
gap which exists between between "binding energy" and "dissociation
energy", which we often assume to be merely different sides of the same
coin but which may provide the answer to this paradox, on which Graneau
depends. BTW Graneau was peer-reviewed in a number of prominent journals.
...more later.
Horace Heffner wrote:
On Jul 2, 2007, at 7:30 AM, Jones Beene wrote:
The bond does have net extractable energy which can be replenished
easily by exposure to sunlight.
In fact - it would seem from the experiments, that by just breaking
this bond in humid air, as much as 4,000 cal/mol of energy is released.
This bond energy release upon breaking the bond is something I don't
understand at all. There are similar statements in the Graneau's work,
which I don't understand.
My understanding is that a bonded state represents a lower energy state
then a non-bonded state. In other words, when two things become
chemically bonded they are attracted by an EM force, and thus give off
energy, either kinetic or radiant, at the time of bonding. Breaking a
bond requires energy.
I could understand the possibility of bonding unbonded molecules at the
point in the cycle where energy is needed and then breaking the bond
later in the cycle using solar energy. Bonding unbonded molecules is
essentially the source of combustion energy. This kind of combustion
followed by solar energy extraction is essentially how the hydrogen
photolysis system is supposed to work.
Having said that, I also understand this is not how the Graneau's
explosive energy from water is supposed to work. It works from a cycle
whereby solar energy creates water bonds which are released in the
Graneau's powerful water arc explosions.
It would be much appreciated if someone could clear this up, could
explain how breaking a water bond can provide energy by the breaking.
Regards,
Horace Heffner
