Obviously a lot of effort went into this. I am curious, where did the information about the 1 bar pressure regulator in the outlet come from? How does that talley with the 124°C temperature that was recorded at 15:58, given that 124°C implies a pressure (saturated steam) of 2.25bar absoulute (1.25bar guage)
On 13 October 2011 18:25, Alan J Fletcher <a...@well.com> wrote: > Bob Higgins of Motorola Solutions did an analysis which he sent to Mats > Lewans, who copied it to me and a couple of others on Vortex. > > Hello Mr. Lewan, > > I am enclosing my spreadsheet analysis of the data you published for Ing. > Rossi’s October 6 test at U. of Bologna of his E-cat. In this analysis, I > tried to incorporate reported items such as water leakage, heat loss through > the insulation, difference in source water temperature and the water > temperature of Tin, and the final energy stored in the E-cat when the > experiment was terminated. If you have the occasion to look through this > analysis, I would appreciate hearing of anything you find that may not be > consistent with your observation as a first hand witness to the test. You > are welcome to share this with others that may also be able to evaluate the > analysis for missing features or wrong calculations. > > We considered the possibility of contamination of the Tout by the hot > water/steam of the heat exchanger primary input. However, because the > secondary water was flowing up out of the secondary outlet and out of the > brass header, and the contamination primary heat would have to pass this > water to reach the thermocouple, and because the flow rate was high in the > secondary, heat from the primary inlet would quickly be diverted into the > secondary outlet water. Thus, very little of this contamination heat would > make it to the thermocouple and cause temperature error - we regarded it as > a possible minor second order error. If you draw a cross-section picture of > this pipe and the flowing water, you can see how possible contamination heat > from the primary inlet would likely terminate in the secondary outlet water > long before reaching the thermocouple. > > I would agree with everyone else that there was much that could have been > improved the experiment, but the real point now it to understand the data we > have and determine what information that can be derived from it with > confidence. > > It is interesting now how the skeptical criticism on the net seems to be > switching from “doesn’t work at all” to “doesn’t work with acceptable > commercial COP”. Are the skeptics now convinced there was large scale > excess energy? In and of itself, this is a physics shattering breakthrough. > It is clear from the data that the COP would have been much higher if the > test had been run for a longer period. I am personally excited by the > results and data from the experiment. > > Thanks to Ing. Rossi for hosting the experiment – he was under obligation > to no one to do the experiment - and to you for reporting the data. > > Regards, > Bob Higgins > Motorola Solutions > > I suggested he subscribe to vortex, but meanwhile ... > > He sent a very large spreadsheet, with a couple of interesting diagrams / > plots. > > I've put some of them (with permission) in my initial draft report > http://lenr.qumbu.com/rossi_**ecat_oct11_a.php<http://lenr.qumbu.com/rossi_ecat_oct11_a.php> > > I extracted and annotated a couple of pictures from his spreadsheet : > > a) a very nice schematic diagram of the fat-cat. > http://lenr.qumbu.com/111010_**pics/111012_bh_plots0002.png<http://lenr.qumbu.com/111010_pics/111012_bh_plots0002.png> > (He shows a pressure regulator at the outlet ... I don't know if this is a > guess or new information!) > > b) Another data plot and comments > http://lenr.qumbu.com/111010_**pics/111012_bh_plots0001.png<http://lenr.qumbu.com/111010_pics/111012_bh_plots0001.png> > > Initially, heat is stored in the E-cat as it is filled with water and the > water is being heated. This energy is accounted a lumped addition at the > end. > When E-cat fills at about 173 min into the experiment, steam is not yet > formed and liquid spills into heat exchanger and there is measurable > heat exchanger output. Some of the stored energy in E-cat is being quickly > lost into the heat exchanger as the liquid water carries out heat > quickly. This causes the spike seen just after 173 min. > At 185 minutes, steam begins to form (crosses 100C) and by 200 minutes the > steam is 110C which corresponds to about .6 bar pressure (AJF : over > atmospheric -- 1.6 total). > At 220 minutes, the steam reaches about 120C which is about 1 bar of > pressure (over ambient) and the output is probably mostly steam. > At 350 minutes, the steam is down to about 116C which may make it oscillate > in the pressure valve: valve closes, pressure builds up, > valve opens and outputs a burst of steam, valve closes. The data is too > coarse to show this possible temperature/pressure oscillation. > The oscillation probably gets averaged out in the heat exchanger heat > measurement. Probably needs and output measurement that > also integrates all of the heat output in one big lump as a check. > If oscillation occurs due to a pressurization valve, it could cause the > temperature measurement in the reactor (green curve above) to be > wrong. There could be intermittent measurements of steam and water and the > steam temperature could be oscillating. > > c) Overall energy balance > Test of Rossi 27kW Reactor No 2 (1 of 3 reactor cells activated) > Date: 6-Oct-11 > Location: University of Bologna, Italy > Analysis: Bob Higgins > Note: See supplemental analysis at bottom of data for additional energy > balance items. > Heat exchanger efficiency = 0.98 [Rossi estimate] > E-cat Insulation Value (R) = 6.0 W/(K*m^2) [Higgins, estimate] > Est. E-cat surface area = 1.4 m^2 [Higgins, estimate] > Reactor flow rate, Fp = 13.0 liters / h [Lewan, est.; changes with > time, var not used] > Reactor water leakage, FL = 2.0 liters / h at 2 bar internal [Lewan, > est.] > Exchanger flow rate, FE = 640.8 liters / h [Lewan, measured] > E-cat total heat output = 33.76 kWH = 121.5 MJ > Total electrical input energy = 8.97 kWH = 32.3 MJ > > (That didn't copy very well ...) > > d) Residual Energy in Tank > > Final Temp of water in E-cat = 97.7 C > Average Temp of input water to E-cat = 25.5 C > Temp difference of remaining water = 71.7 C > Est. volume of water in E-Cat at end = 20.0 liters remaining (est. liquid > volume remaining, some internal volume may be steam.) > Heat stored in E-Cat water = 1.667 kWH heat remaining in water at end of > data > Weight of E-Cat = 98 kg > Average specific heat of E-Cat (est.) = 0.07 (presume an average of steel > and lead) > Est. Heat stored in E-Cat structure = 0.572 kWh heat remaining in E-Cat > structure at end of data > > > > > > >
