Axil, I am searching for a mechanism that prevents the gammas from being
released during the reaction. In my estimation, if they are released it will
be nearly impossible to safely absorb them. The entangled or coupled proton
concept appears to get around several of the major obstacles provided that it
is valid.
Thanks for digging up the range of the strong force and related information.
If you take the diameter of the nucleons of 1.6 - 1.7 fm and divide it by two
you get approximately .825 fm. It looks interesting that .7 fm is the closest
range that one can come toward the nucleus before it becomes strongly
repulsive. That is virtually in contact at that range (.825 - .7) and if they
were structurally hard items then this makes a lot of sense. I also find the
fact that the distance at which the strong force becomes insignificant of 2.5
fm suggestive. I am expecting to see an enormous amount of acceleration of the
proton if it is to radiate energy within the gamma frequency range. The mass
of a proton is significantly larger than an electron so the force required to
enable it to radiate electromagnetic energy in that range has to be extreme.
If you consider that the proton travels only a short distance (2.5 - .85 fm)
after the strong force prevails during which time all of the coulomb barrier
energy (~5 MeV) and most of the binding energy (~8 MeV) is imparted upon it,
you are witnessing an amazing acceleration event.
I believe that it is generally accepted that the photon is the particle
associated with electromagnetic interactions. Does this suggest that if we
measure electromagnetic radiation in the form of a gamma ray that it is the
result of one of these interactions? I do not recall any other method of
releasing electromagnetic radiation except by accelerating a charged particle.
Perhaps you or some other members of the vort have seen cases where this is not
true. Any cases presented as evidence against this proposition must be
reliable and not obscured by measurement difficulties. For instance, if it is
suggested that gamma rays are emitted by an excited nucleus then the proven
physical release mechanism should be stated. Only then can it be determined to
be unrelated to accelerated charges.
Can the strong force release any form of radiation that escapes into the
distant world? I suspect that it can only release energy that we detect by
causing one or more of the charged particles within the nucleus to undergo
acceleration. The form of this acceleration might be rotational as in a
rapidly spinning nucleus. Some would expect this energy of rotation to be
quantized and why not? Also, the efficiency of a extremely tiny radiator of
this nature would be poor for low frequency emission since the charges are so
closely help in tight quarters. But on the other hand I can not imagine that
the nucleus could rotate at a rate that supports gamma frequencies.
Forgive me guys for going off on a tangent here as my thoughts attempt to build
a model ever more inclusive.
Dave
-----Original Message-----
From: Axil Axil <[email protected]>
To: vortex-l <[email protected]>
Sent: Wed, Jun 27, 2012 2:55 am
Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]: Dave’s Demon and Radiation Free LENR
If 100 or more protons work as a team, then I would estimate that as example a
gamma ray with an energy of 8 MeV would instead distribute the energy into an
average of 80 keV slices.
I am pleased that you now consider entangled protons as a possible mechanism
for the thermalization of gamma radiations in the Ni-H reaction.
The binding energy made available by the fusion reaction is transferred to the
coherent and entangled ensemble of protons when the fusion process completes.
Whenever energy on any kind is transferred within an entangled ensemble, this
assemblage becomes decoherent.
As Dr. Kim states, this thermalization process can be proven when the nuclear
reaction products from the Ni-H reaction are characterized. These products of
double proton fusion are unique and are easily described.
On another note…
My helpful demon indicates that the energy from a Rossi type proton addition
reaction can be slowly absorbed if a force is available that retards the normal
proton acceleration due to the strong force interaction.
The force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 1
femtometer (fm) between their centers, but rapidly decreases to insignificance
at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At very short distances less than 0.7 fm, it
becomes repulsive, and is responsible for the physical size of nuclei, since
the nucleons can come no closer than the force allows.
To put the range of the strong force into perspective, since the proton is
about 1.6–1.7 fm in diameter, the effective range of the strong force is no
more than one diameter of the proton.
The proton does not have much of a chance to accelerate with an effective range
of only one proton diameter to do it in.
Cheers: Axil
On Wed, Jun 27, 2012 at 1:36 AM, David Roberson <[email protected]> wrote:
In this particular situation I was referring to a feature of hot fusion
reactions where the parts that fuse contain the necessary kinetic energy that
is converted into potential energy as the nuclei come closer together. The
source of the kinetic energy is temperature in the millions of degrees range
and the reactants are in the form of plasma as a result. The high temperature
also forces the plasma to be far less dense than a crystalline solid.
I recall that the density of atoms within a crystal is orders of magnitude more
than within a hot plasma. This density information is available if you need a
more accurate estimate but it will take a bit of effort to locate it. Perhaps
one of the vorts will supply it from memory.
My main reason for mentioning this factor is to suggest that the far larger
number of protons per volume present within LENR devices would allow coupling
between them that can not readily occur within a plasma. I believe that many
of the unusual features of LENR devices would become evident if significant
coupling of free protons is proven to occur within the crystal structure. If
100 or more protons work as a team, then I would estimate that as example a
gamma ray with an energy of 8 MeV would instead distribute the energy into an
average of 80 keV slices. My helpful demon indicates that the energy from a
Rossi type proton addition reaction can be slowly absorbed if a force is
available that retards the normal proton acceleration due to the strong force
interaction. Remember that this is a hypothesis and the coupling between a
significant number of protons has not been proven. Also, it needs to be shown
that the gamma ray that is typically released at the moment that the proton
enters the nucleus originates from the acceleration of that proton and not some
other mechanism.
It is well established that an accelerated charged particle releases
electromagnetic radiation and therefore I would be surprised if none were to be
emitted as the strong force grabs hold of the proton that has breached the
coulomb barrier. There also should be radiation emission during the initial
approach of the proton while it is under the influence of coulomb repulsion by
the positively charged nucleus unless this process proceeds at a steady rate.
I want to mention that my thoughts are based upon classical physics models and
some quantum mechanics behavior might render them inoperable.
Dave
-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Walker <[email protected]>
To: vortex-l <[email protected]>
Sent: Tue, Jun 26, 2012 10:24 pm
Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]: Dave’s Demon and Radiation Free LENR
On Tue, Jun 26, 2012 at 9:31 AM, David Roberson <[email protected]> wrote:
The density of the plasma is many times lower than in our LENR case so
components are further apart by necessity.
Could you clarify what you have in mind, here? Pons and Fleischmann initially
thought that they were creating a system in which incredible pressure was being
exerted upon the deuterium by the palladium lattice. I think the consensus now
is that the effective pressure on deuterium and hydrogen loaded in a crystal
like that is not actually all that much, and that the mechanism must be due to
something other than the interstitial spacing of hydrogen between metal atoms.
I actually like the idea of high pressure driving the reaction, but the
pressure would not arise from loading.
Eric
