So, is this what Steorn now is exploiting?? They mention COP of 5 using magnetic impulse technology to produce heat.
On Sun, Sep 30, 2012 at 9:54 PM, Ron Kita <[email protected]> wrote: > Kudos...Jones. > > I am a Magnon "Believer", > > Respectfully, > Ron Kita > > > On Sun, Sep 30, 2012 at 12:08 PM, Jones Beene <[email protected]> wrote: > >> In 2008, research in spintronics focused onto with what is being called a >> spin Seebeck effect. The effect is seen when heat is applied to a >> magnetized >> metal and it may operate with other inherent phase changes to produce >> novel >> thermal-magnetic effects. The key concept is the magnon. >> >> Unlike ordinary electron movement, the spin Seebeck effect does not create >> heat as a waste product, so that a Curie point can be maintained in a >> see-saw fashion, along with other inputs. >> >> Interesting new paper touching on the spin Seebeck effect and the magnon >> connection. It is not exactly on point for Ni-H, but there are clues; and >> the references at the end are worth the download. >> >> http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1209/1209.3405.pdf >> >> Imagine the magnon as the quantum force carrier of spin, in the same way >> as >> the photon is the quantum of light. Admittedly, this analogy quickly >> breaks >> down in the details since the magnon is a quasiparticle; but for >> understanding the major point about the transfer of spin energy from one >> nucleus to another, there is more. Photons can illuminate a photocell and >> produce electricity, in the sense of forcing electrons into a vector, and >> correspondingly, magnons can irradiate a ferromagnetic material to produce >> heat to the extent that they alternate polarity rapidly by spin reversals. >> Reversals happen repeatedly near the Curie point. >> >> When a magnetic field reverses its orientation, electric dipoles of atoms >> shift orientation - and as a result thermal energy is deposited. Even the >> core of a small wall-transformer, when charging your cell phone with a few >> watts, gets rather hot from dipole reversal. In general the higher the >> frequency of dipole reversal - the more heat is deposited and it is >> exponential. 50 or 60 Hertz gives moderate core heating, but RF gives so >> much heat that it is the preferred method of rapidly heating some metals >> without direct electrical current (Ohmic heat). UV is thousands of times >> more robust than RF. Hydrogen is a prime UV emitter. >> >> This could be the best way to understand how thermal gain in Ni-H or Co-H >> operates - via magnon emission from protons (following reversible proton >> fusion). Magnon emission can decay with no heat transfer unless collected >> in >> an absorber of magnons, preferably one that magnifies the effect in the >> same >> general way that iron magnifies field reversals in a typical transformer. >> >> In a normal paramagnetic metal like palladium, dipoles move independently >> from each other but they tend to orient in a magnetic field so as to >> increase the field strength, to the extent of their magnetic >> susceptibility. >> Magnetic susceptibility ("magnetizability" is a term that could be used) >> is >> a dimensionless proportionality constant. Hydrogen in pure palladium does >> not produce much excess heat, and this means it can be used as a "control" >> for proving deuterium gain. The difference in susceptibility between >> paramagnets and ferromagnets varies, but as a ratio of the magnification >> effect of 40,000:1 would be a fair approximation for why nickel works to >> capture magnons effectively, and palladium doesn't. >> >> Thusly, when hydrogen is loaded into a ferromagnetic material like nickel >> or >> cobalt, it can produce excess heating in those matrices, under conditions >> which in palladium produce nothing. This should tell the keen observer >> that >> there is a fundamental difference between Ni-H and Pd-D systems in the way >> gain materializes. The two are almost unrelated in terms of modus >> operandi, >> other than being isotopes of the same element >> >> In ferromagnetics, dipoles orient so as to increase the field, but those >> dipoles are not independent from each other as in paramagnets. They are >> self-sensitive. If dipoles are initially oriented at random, all adjacent >> dipoles will preferentially orient parallel to any change, with the >> slightest inducement. This magnifies the effect by the large factor >> mentioned above. >> >> When a mass of ferromagnetic material is brought near a source of randomly >> emitted magnons, almost all the dipoles in the ferromagnet will orient in >> the direction of the instant field of every magnon. Hence a ferromagnet, >> as >> a target for a "quantum unit of spin" can enormously increase the effect >> of >> magnon release. Also, as a known upper temperature is reached, the Curie >> point, the ferromagnet will become an ordinary paramagnet. That permits >> another way to vary the orientation of dipoles. >> >> The interesting thing for understanding "new hydrogen" thermal gain - is >> the >> range around the Curie point. It is no coincidence that the trigger >> temperature in Ni-H should be related (identical) to the Curie point in >> the >> alloy being employed. >> >> Jones >> > >
