I think Roger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff have the best explanation of consciousness to date. It's called Orchestrated Objective Reduction, or Orch-OR. The two actually developed the idea separately, Sir Penrose being a physicist and Hameroff being a physician who specialized in anesthesia and cancer research. Roger was seeking a model of the brain that did not require computation. Hameroff wanted to know how anesthesia worked and where the conscious went when under. Penrose theorizes that spacetime is granular at the size of the Planck length and that quantum superposition is linked to the curvature. Orchestrated Reduction is the collapse of the superposition.
Hameroff brought in the neuron microtubles which provide the structure. He sees a synchronous oscillation in neural MT can influence other neurons. Together they see these electrons as a sea embedded in the geometry of spacetime. Needless to say, they have many critics. :-)
