Nano-particles allow for the collection and amplification of EMF(light) to an extreme level in optical cavities sufficient to overcome the coulomb barrier. This mechanism is well described in nano-optics, nanoplasmonics, and quantum mechanics. SPP allow this energy accumulation and concentration to occur because they as bosons which are not constrained by the fermion exclusion principle.
Most of this science is only a decade or two old and are leading the way in current scientific development. On Sat, Mar 22, 2014 at 9:17 PM, Edmund Storms <[email protected]>wrote: > Of course nanoparticles have unusual chemical and physical properties. The > question is , Are these properties able to initiate a nuclear reaction? A > huge ignorance exists about the difference between a nuclear reaction and a > chemical change. You would do well to actually study some nuclear physics > and apply this knowledge. If you check, you will discover the thing called > the Coulomb barrier. The energy needed to get over this barrier is well > known. This energy is huge and this is why nuclear reactions do not occur > in and are not affected by chemical conditions. If you want to explain > LENR using nano particles, you need to show how and why the chemical > properties allow the Coulomb barrier to be overcome. Otherwise you are > engaging in fantasy. > > Ed Storms > On Mar 22, 2014, at 6:45 PM, MarkI-ZeroPoint wrote: > > A key statement in this paper is the very first sentence: > "Nanoparticles show many novel properties different from their bulk > materials." > > This is why some here take issue with Ed's relying only on "... the laws > from the past 100 years of chemistry/physics". Those laws were developed > with bulk samples, not nanoparticles, so they may or may not apply to > what's happening in LENR, and my $ is on the *novel properties*which the > referenced paper is studying. This may also be the reason why the > 'gray-hairs', or grairs to borrow a theme from Star Trek, have not been > able to figure this out; they can't think out of the bulk-matter-box. > > So keep up the informed and researched speculations, cuz that's what we > Vorts are good at! J > > -Mark Iverson > > *From:* James Bowery [mailto:[email protected]] > *Sent:* Saturday, March 22, 2014 4:17 PM > *To:* vortex-l > *Subject:* Re: [Vo]:2 Modes of the FPE > > These guys studied amorphous Pd nanoparticles: > > http://www.sci.unich.it/~dalessandro/letteratura_chimica_pdf/2003_0236.pdf > > Of course, in order to get a broad range of crack sizes, one must have a > wide range of sizes of amorphous Pd particles -- not just nanoparticles. > > Unfortunately, most of the search results for amorphous Pd out there > return various Pd-based alloys -- not pure Pd. > > > On Sat, Mar 22, 2014 at 6:02 PM, James Bowery <[email protected]> wrote: > Nanometer scale metallic glass particles would appear to be a natural > result of this method of metal nanoparticle > synthesis<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoparticle#Synthesis> > : > > Inert-gas condensation is frequently used to make nanoparticles from > metals with low melting points. The metal is vaporized in a vacuum chamber > and then supercooled with an inert gas stream. The supercooled metal vapor > condenses into nanometer-size particles, which can be entrained in the > inert gas stream and deposited on a substrate or studied in situ. > > > On Sat, Mar 22, 2014 at 4:46 PM, a.ashfield <[email protected]> > wrote: > > James > Bowery<http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]&q=from:%22James+Bowery%22> > Sat, 22 Mar 2014 14:14:49 > -0700<http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]&q=date:20140322> > > > It sounds like amorphous metals may be a fruitful avenue of research. > > > > Yes, I imagine abrasion would cause lots of surface cracks on an amorphous > metal - if it behaves like glass. > > I had wondered in the past whether the surface preparation of the palladium > electrodes was one of the keys. > > > > Don't know how to develop cracks in a powdered material. I suppose that if > the material is not too ductile, just the > > formation of the powder in a ball mill would do it. SO experimenting with > the ball mill might be one possibility. > > > > > >
