On Monday, November 6, 2023 at 7:03:06 AM UTC-5 [email protected] wrote:

Any guidance or assistance very welcome.


greg,

i know that your request is regarding the supply side of things - measuring 
rainfall.  but here are a few projects, vendors, and organizations i know 
of who are working on the other end - measuring the result of that rainfall.

there is a group called 'floodnet' in new york city using lorawan to 
measure local flooding, using maxbotix ultrasonic sensors and a loranwan 
network. they are pretty open about how they build their sensors and 
collect the data.

https://github.com/floodnet-nyc/flood-sensor

the aprs system has a mechanism for reporting water height, but it is 
rather anemic.  we're hoping to expand that...

http://aprs.org/flood-gauges.html
http://www.aprs.org/doc/APRS101.PDF

in september of this year, neracoos sponsored the first (us east coast 
dominated) water monitoring conference.  that was primarily for tide 
monitoring, but the usgs and some hardware vendors were present to discuss 
issues surrounding event-based monitoring.  the applications include 
hurricanes and the rainfall+stormsurge,  construction projects, 
environmental impact studies, aquaculture, coastal policy-making, etc.

there are a *lot* of people doing this kind of work, but here is a short 
list:

- noaa - united states national oceanic and atmospheric administration 
- https://www.noaa.gov/
- neracoos - https://www.neracoos.org/index.html
- gmri - gulf of maine research institute - https://www.gmri.org/
- usgs - united states geological services - https://www.usgs.gov/
- hohonu - they make water level sensors - https://www.hohonu.io/
- maxbotix - the go-to for ultrasonic sensors - https://maxbotix.com/
- rak wireless - loranwan hardware when you don't have time to build it 
yourself - https://www.rakwireless.com/en-us/technology/lorawan
- obscape - environment monitoring - https://obscape.com/site/

there are many more vendor sites, as well as companies who specialize in 
designing, building, and deploying these things.  it is not easy to deploy 
sensor networks that will survive weather, critters, vandalism, etc.

a few of us in mid-coast maine are working on community-oriented systems to 
measure tide and estuary levels. we have been focused on tide and rainfall 
monitors, located in areas subject to flooding and storm surges. but the 
intent is to add temperatures, salinity, ph, and perhaps a few other 
metrics that will help those working in coastal aquaculture.  we have been 
experimenting with commercial offerings including hohonu, divirod, onset, 
and obscape, and also diy systems using weewx, lorawan, arduino, maxbotix 
and some radar-based sensors, typically in partnerships with local 
schools/university, and the local town offices and public works.

https://belfasttide.org/
http://ferry.vinalhavenweather.com/

in particular, the vinalhaven tide monitoring project is replacing the 
human-with-a-stick system that has been in use for years.  during extreme 
high (and low) tide events, people go to their tide station to measure the 
water level.  but that is difficult/annoying when high tide is at 02:00, or 
in the middle of a massive storm with huge surges.  so we're trying to 
deploy low-cost, loranwan ultrasonics that might not be noaa-quality, but 
are good enough to track the flooding and surge that will improve forecasts 
and help first responders and public policy.

hope this helps,

m

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