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New Statesman: 3 August, 1979, p158-160
ROYALTY
There is a future even for deposed monarchs
Hawkers by Appointment
By Duncan Campbell
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THE NEW INTERNATIONAL 'anti-terrorist' industry has thrown up many strange
security enterprises and odd ideologies. But few could be stranger than a
royal sales syndicate of dis-enthroned European aristocrats, orchestrated by
an unscrupulous Greek businessman who made his fortune with the Beatles,
financed by the Shah of Iran, all flogging bullet-proof cars to vulnerable
cousins who remain on their thrones. More curious despite the free use of
the British royal family's name in selling efforts, the cars they sold were
more lethal to be inside during an attack than an ordinary mini.
The architect of this royal sales syndicate is a Greek expatriate,
Alexis Mardas, who has set up a chain of companies with an unusual line in
security hardware. His most profitable business has come through the unusual
if informal use of the King of Greece as principal salesman. Ex-king
Constantine of the Hellenes, now exiled in Britain, has spent not a little
of his time fixing up contacts and contracts for Mardas. They have almost
become hawkers by appointment to half a dozen royal families. Although the
business has suffered embarrassing setbacks, the burgeoning 'anti-terror'
trade continually provides fresh opportunities. As the Shah of Iran gathers
his skirts to settle in Mexico, Constantine - who was at one time a
so-called 'political advisor', although the idea now seems deeply satirical
- has been in closer touch with him than most others have dared. But then
the Shah was one of the first customers for Mardas's bullet- proof cars and
is understood to have supplied much of the finance behind his companies.
Royalty is the supreme old boy network - Queen Victoria's progeny
and relatives were married almost everywhere. Even the contemporary nouveau
riche lords of the Middle East believe that they too are blue blood brothers
and sisters, so it was natural that Constantine and, hot on his heels,
Mardas should turn to them as some of the first potential customers for
their line in guns, electronic bugs, body armour, riot gear and, especially,
bullet-proof cars. Unfortunately, the Greek line in armoured cars is
somewhat Trojan: their security has been a little illusory, as the Sultan of
Oman [a] discovered.
He ordered six of the Mercedes 450 luxury limousines in 1977 and
quickly discovered that he had stocked up with mobile bombs. The uncertain
personal security of this despot is ensured by a substantial squad of ex-SAS
British bodyguards who travel with him at all times. The SAS chaps,
unwilling to trust their own security on the words of foreign businessmen,
went out with the Sultan for a desert shoot-up in July 1977. One shot
ruptured an 'emergency' air cylinder in the car being tested, which blew up
the petrol tank and left the car a burnt-out wreck. The remaining cars were
returned - with a writ to cover the cost.
King Hussein of Jordan, also the owner of a fleet of such cars,
tried out a similar test in Amman in November. An eyewitness told NEW
STATESMAN that the tests showed the cars to be 'more lethal' than ordinary
cars. Bullets went straight through the 'armour'. The one inch thick
armoured glass ejected dangerous splinters when fired on, which would cut
any occupant to ribbons. A bullet, it was pointed out, might have missed.
Hussein ordered the bullet-proofing to be taken out of his cars.
These incidents merely persuaded Mardas and Constantine to shift
their attention elsewhere - particularly to the growing European market for
anti-terrorist protection. A year ago a London factory was set up specially
to produce the 'bullet-proofed' cars, financed by an investment of £1
million or more. Anonymous Monaco and Swiss bank accounts and company
accounts kept to an uninformative minimum - even to employees - have
obscured the source of this money which, it seems likely, is the Peacock
Throne. The Shah, with his voracious appetite for security equipment of all
kinds is now very lonely, very rich and very much in need of protection from
his erstwhile subjects. He needs little encouragement to get more deeply
involved in Mardas's unusual business.
ALEXIS MARDAS, A RIGHT-WING Athenian hustler, came to Britain in 1965. Like
his father, a major in the Greek secret police, he is a keen monarchist. He
began his career in the gossip columns with his fortuitous appointment as
'inventor' to John Lennon and the Beatles' Apple empire. Less fortuitously
for the Beatles, his imaginative ideas cost them at least £300,000 for a
variety of unlikely and highly speculative devices he had promised to
invent. However, the flower power days lasted long enough for him to get
Lennon to be the best man at his marriage.
The marriage gave Mardas his foothold into the royal circles. His
wife, the daughter of a renowned Greek architect, was a confidante of the
exiled Greek royal family, then holed up in Rome. When the junta's 1973
referendum rejected the return of the monarchy, Constantine decamped to
Britain, eventually settling in a house in Chobham, Surrey sold to him by a
friend of Mardas and close to the talented inventor's own home. Their
friendship blossomed. This is more than can be said for his business
interests since the Beatles days which included a disastrous venture for the
Beejam freezer group in which most of the production run of an electronic
temperature control, worth £40,000, was left unsold. Things began to improve
in 1974.
The year started in suitable manner with Mardas throwing a lavish
party for the then Spanish heir, Prince Juan Carlos. Wild strawberries and
other delicacies were provided at vast expense. Carlos, Constantine's
brother-in-law, was delighted and contracts from Spain soon followed.
In the wake of the assassination of Admiral Carrero Blanco the royal
household decided to acquire more bullet-proof cars and one was sent to
England - where it sat idle in Chobham for almost a year since no- one knew
how to do the necessary work. The second Spanish contract, worth over £1/2
million, provided the financial basis to set up the new security equipment
companies. The contract was to provide an extensive and sophisticated
communications system, known as Project Alcom, for Juan Carlos. James
Bond-like, it would link the Prince from wherever he was - in helicopter,
car, yacht - to the palaces and security forces. The radio links were
scrambled to prevent anyone from overhearing what was said [b].
A new company - Alcom Devices - was set up to handle the new
business. Based in London's Edgware Road, its offices have been designed in
the fashion of a second-rate Star Wars film set with gaudy coloured walls
and pipes, and radio controlled doors. Inside, visiting clients - who have
included Prince Charles and other members of the House of Windsor - are
entertained in a showroom stocked with guns, electronic bugs and
surveillance equipment. There is also an office in Madrid, run by a former
British secret service agent [c], which has recently been involved in
security contracts for the Spanish airports.
Constantine provided Mardas with his introduction to the Shah and
King Hussein of Jordan. Soon an old Sandhurst colleague of Hussein's -
Sultan Qaboos of Oman - joined the royal queue for bullet-proof cars. These
started leaving the production line late in 1976. They were built by a firm
of North London coach-builders to specifications from a subsidiary of Alcom
Devices. They were armoured with 'soft armour' - instead of using sheets of
steel, the car body was lined with a tightly woven and bonded type of
glassfibre called Kevlar [d]. But this type of protection on its own is
quite insufficient to stop heavy or high velocity ammunition; besides this,
the inexperienced designers employed by Alcom had left many areas of the car
body unguarded. According to one expert with detailed knowledge of the
construction methods employed, they were 'worse than useless'.
Yet by the summer of 1977, 22 cars had been delivered to Jordan,
Spain, Oman and Iran. Feelers were put out to Buckingham Palace on the royal
network (Constantine is Prince Philip's cousin, and periodically sees him
and the Prince of Wales). And members of the same family were called on
elsewhere, such as Denmark (Constantine's wife is a member of the Danish
royal family), Morocco (King Hassan was a close friend of Constantine's and
has recently accommodated the itinerant Shah), and the Netherlands.
In October 1977, Mardas took advantage of a macabre opportunity to
cash in on the kidnapping and subsequent death of the German industrialist,
Hans-Martin Schleyer. A major German sales campaign was mounted, and Prince
George of Hanover (Prince Charles' uncle) was provided with a white
demonstration car to show around. Experts from the State Criminal Office
visited Aldershot to view a series of tests on a bullet-proofed car door on
the British Army's ranges in September 1977. A trickle of business followed.
In Italy too, the rising tide of terrorist and criminal kidnappings
offered a prolific market and use was made of the services of Prince
Windischgratz - another cousin of Constantine's, though actually an Austrian
as the Italian royal family had long since been dispersed. In the
Netherlands, Prince Christian (another cousin) made attempts to interest the
royal family, police and security forces. Shamelessly using the name of a
well known rifle to bolster his prestige, Mardas formed a new company,
Armalite, to deal exclusively in bullet-proof cars.
New problems began however, when the Mercedes Benz company refused
to approve the conversions carried out by Armalite. And the West German
Ministry of Transport would not issue a road-worthiness certificate,
effectively making the use of the cars illegal. This fact did not discourage
the company's handful of aristocratic or wealthy customers. Prince George of
Hanover took delivery of the 'demonstration' car, a 450-69 Mercedes
limousine, at the start of 1978.
Then news started to leak out of the disasters in Oman and Jordan.
Sultan Qaboos and King Hussein had each tested a sample of their
'bullet-proof' fleets, which had cost £40,000 each to convert. The Sultan of
Oman's remaining cars had been sent back to Britain and stood forlornly for
many months on a freight-yard at Stansted airport. The affair threatened to
sour Constantine's friendships in the Middle East. It certainly soured
Mardas's: when, by coincidence, both he and Hussein were dining at the same
Mayfair restaurant this March, he had to be restrained by Special Branch
detectives from approaching the King.
But Mardas and Constantine were convinced that success could be
snatched from the jaws of disaster. The backers were persuaded to increase
their investment. The Middle Eastern incidents were explained away with
regal adeptness. And a new initiative was taken to give substance to the
royal syndicate's sales efforts.
IN SOME SECRECY a new factory for Armalite was rented at Standard Road, Park
Royal in north-west London. A friend of King Constantine joined the Armalite
board to supervise its activities, a specialist staff of motor trade
specialists was hired and more finance arrived. Parts for no less than 125
Mercedes were ordered, at a cost of over £1/2 million, to try to corner the
market.
A new demonstration was arranged at the military trials ground in
Bisley, Surrey, in May 1978. Constantine's prestige was used to attract the
presence of senior British, German and Middle eastern security experts. A
promotional film, which relied strongly on the presence of such dignitaries,
was made without their knowledge, and has been shown to overseas customers
by Armalite. One such spectator - Ulrich Wegener, the well known leader of
the German anti-terrorist GSG9 group, which carried out the Mogadishu
operation - was outraged to discover that his presence at the trial was
featured in the film. Others, whose prestige had been added to Armalite's
products by judicious use of close-ups included a senior British military
officer and Equerry to the Queen. Ministry of Defence officials, and Iranian
palace guards [e].
Colonel Wegener added that he had not been convinced of the
authenticity of the demonstration. British security specialists commented
similarly to the NEW STATESMAN; it was, one said, 'a circus'. Although
bullets had been fired at a bullet-proofed car, the tests did not include
the normal scientific measurements of the bullets' final velocity or other
important characteristics.
Armalite sources confirm these experts' impressions. The
specifications advertised by the company were 'just made up' and 'cannot be
supported'. Mardas and his assistants had never carried out any scientific
tests on their armour or its characteristics. Somewhat belatedly, some of
the Armalite cars were fitted with an extra layer of dense ceramic tiles
which did give useful additional protection. But this nearly doubled the
extra weight of the bullet-proofing - which had at 210 kg already made the
cars' performance difficult. Armalite literature continued to advertise the
lower weight, as well as other fantasies. One leaflet offered a four wheel
drive Mercedes, a proposition which certainly startled the cars'
manufacturers. Unsurprisingly, no orders from security agencies followed the
Bisley trial.
Other prospective customers were not so unimpressed, and the princes
continued to work hard. Prince George successfully sold about half a dozen.
He told business acquaintances that he received commission on his sales -
unlike his relatives, he was not particularly well off. Prince Christian was
apparently pipped to the post on Netherlands' sales by another German, a
Herr von West (royal relationship unknown) who late in 1978 was negotiating
to supply the Dutch Queen Juliana with a Rolls-Royce bullet-proofed by
Armalite. In Denmark, King Constantine himself was the 'go-between',
according to a Danish magazine, in the sale of one of the Sultan of Oman's
rejects to his own mother-in-law Queen Ingrid, the Danish Queen Mother. The
car to protect her grandchildren, two royal princes aged 10 and 11, from
attack or kidnapping, is unmodified from the time when it was sent back from
Oman, but has been sprayed dark blue instead of silver. Any attack on the
car could well be as lethal as the Sultan of Oman's own test proved. Already
the car has suffered from the Kevlar bullet- proofing falling off and
damaging the tyres. It had to be returned to London for modifications.
It is difficult to see how Constantine could be unaware of the
origin of the car, or of its defects. Business associates of Mardas say he
put in 'work and pressure' concluding the Danish deal. His private
secretary, Brigadier Arnaoutis, has commented however that the ex- king had
been the 'victim of crooks' - but would not elaborate.
Another of the Sultan of Oman's rejects, a gold Mercedes was hired
out to Mrs Gandhi to protect her on her visit to Britain last autumn. The
hiring again appears to have been arranged by King Constantine, whom she
visited during her stay. Other Omani rejects remain unsold.
Attempts at modifying a Range Rover have also been unsuccessful.
This vehicle, destined for Juan Carlos, was completed at the Park Royal
factory last August, under Constantine's personal supervision as he wanted
it delivered whilst he was holidaying with Juan Carlos in Majorca. When it
arrived, Juan Carlos could hardly wait to drive it. His first test drive had
the Armalite representative who delivered it in fear of his life: Juan
Carlos did not notice that the vehicle was enormously top-heavy with
armoured glass and other accessories, which dangerously exaggerated its
already difficult steering and stability. When Carlos's staff advised
against the vehicle's use, a dismayed Constantine took it off on a
precarious voyage round the hillside Majorcan roads, survived and pronounced
it safe. His assurances were insufficient however, and the car was sent
back. But happily two North Yemeni businessmen, purchasing on behalf of
their government were persuaded to buy the vehicle by the ingenious device
of telling them that no sum offered would be enough to divert such an
exquisite vehicle from its intended customer, the King of Spain. A
sufficient sum was offered.
WHILST MARDAS and Constantine arranged the spectacular placements, the
European Princes attempted to organise the more humdrum paying business.
Prince Windischgratz of Austria arranged a meeting in October 1978 with Fiat
executives in Rome to commence a joint venture for the Italian market. The
idea was to bullet-proof the modest Fiat 132 saloon on the premise that
ostentatious or large cars invited terrorist attention. In Munich, Prince
George of Hanover arranged a deal with BMW to bullet-proof two sample cars
from their luxury range. Although the duly bullet-proofed cars were sent
back in spring 1978, the deal foundered. BMW found the cars wholly
unacceptable, and refused even to cough up more than £50,000 for the work
done. With the failure of both the BMW and the Fiat deals, sales from the
Armalite factory, known as Unit 4, plummeted towards the end of last year.
The sinking reputation and the escalating disaster of the Armalite
business has not deterred Constantine. Last November, he Prince George and
others got together for Prince Charles's birthday party at Buckingham
Palace. Constantine gave him a present of an expensive German car radio and
the Prince of Wales' Aston Martin was sent to Armalite for the conversion.
When Constantine delivered it, Mardas added a bullet-proof vest on the back
seat as his own offering.
Buckingham Palace officials deny that Prince Charles or Prince
Philip have visited Mardas's showrooms, despite claims by employees to the
contrary. Prince Charles's office admits to 'knowing Mr Mardas', but only
through Constantine. Mardas frequently refers to alleged visits to his
premises by Prince Philip, Prince Charles and Lord Mountbatten. Although
some of this may be fanciful, we have evidence that as recently as last
October Constantine arranged a trip to the Unit 4 factory by Prince Charles
and himself, which was only called off as Prince Charles went abroad.
Whatever the truth there is little doubt that Mardas's sales efforts
have benefited from whatever shallow substance his connection with
Buckingham Palace have. King Constantine is sufficiently close to their
British majesties to make the exact truth remote, even unimportant. There
seems little doubt that the names of Prince Charles and Prince Philip are
being bandied about by con-men with a degree of credibility that should not
be possible. Like their blue- blooded relatives, they may have an
insufficient ability to see the tawdry reality behind the glittering crown.
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Caption to 'cartoon-style' rendering of Constantine's coat of arms:
TIMEO DANAOS ET DONA FERENTES
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Photographs (Chris Davies):
1. Brass sign outside Alcom's office:
ALCOM DEVICES LTD
NIGHT VISION SYSTEMS LTD
2. Entrance to Alcom's Office.
Caption:
In a scruffy London back-street, St Albans Mews off Edgware Road, the
headquarters of the royal sales syndicate. Inside, a gaudy sci-fi interior
and a showroom stocked with guns and gadgets. Just across Edgware Road from
the HQ, a public showroom attached to a hi-fi shop 'Sound Sense[f]', openly
sells the Mardas range of bugs, many of them illegal [g] in the UK.
Alexis Mardas (left), the electronic wizard, in his heroic Beatles days.
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Photograph (Keystone):
Caption:
King Constantine (left) and Juan Carlos on holiday. Holding a baby may be
considerably safer than some of their other joint activities.
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Notes:
a. Oman's Honorary Counsel to Cyprus was Mr Marcos Spanos, first cousin
of Panos Koupparis and former Cyprus Minister of Labour.
b. 'Project Alcom' has uncanny similarities with Commander Nemo's alleged
Doomsday Machine; REC-3.
c. Arthur P. Johnson (also known as 'Johnny' Johnson). In his police
statement, Mardas says that Johnson had introduced him to Panos Koupparis.
d. Kevlar is manufactured by Dupont from a synthetic fibre similar to
'ballistic' Nylon. It contains no glassfibre.
e. Panos Koupparis is also featured in Armalite's promotional film.
f. In her police statement, Ania Majszczyk, Mardas' private secretary,
gave this address for Panos Koupparis.
g. It was not illegal in the UK to manufacture or sell any of the 'Mardas
range of bugs'.
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