Load balancing with Debian i386 Wheezy LTSP-PNP. One root server and
three application servers.
If you have dhcp-server somewhere in your LAN - choose LTSP-PNP.
When you have very old thin clients [1], you need 486 kernel. Only
Debian have package for that [2].
1. LTSP-PNP
Use Debian Wheezy i386 LXDE for root server and for three application
servers [3].
Here are servers in this setup:
192.168.0.105 debian-ltsp-pnp
192.168.0.106 debian-app-01
192.168.0.107 debian-app-02
192.168.0.108 debian-app-03
A. Install LTSP-PNP in root server.
# apt-get install dnsmasq ltsp-server-standalone ltsp-client
# ltsp-config dnsmasq
# ltsp-config nbd-server
# sed -i -e 's,BOOT_METHODS=.*,BOOT_METHODS=NBD,g'
/etc/ltsp/update-kernels.conf
# echo 'IPAPPEND=3' >> /etc/ltsp/update-kernels.conf
# /usr/share/ltsp/update-kernels
# ltsp-update-image --cleanup /
# ltsp-config nbd-server
# service nbd-server restart
# root@debian-ltsp-pnp:~# ltsp-info
server information:
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 7.6 (wheezy)
Release: 7.6
Codename: wheezy
server packages:
ii ldm 2:2.2.11-2
ii ldm-server 2:2.2.11-2
ii ldm-themes 12.07.1
ii ltsp-client 5.4.2-6+deb7u1
ii ltsp-client-core 5.4.2-6+deb7u1
ii ltsp-docs 1.1-1
ii ltsp-server 5.4.2-6+deb7u1
ii ltsp-server-standalone 5.4.2-6+deb7u1
un ltsp-utils <none>
ii ltspfs 1.1-2
ii ltspfsd 1.1-2
ii ltspfsd-core 1.1-2
found image: /opt/ltsp/images/i386.img
# root@debian-ltsp-pnp:~# uname -a
Linux debian-ltsp-pnp 3.2.0-4-486 #1 Debian 3.2.60-1+deb7u3 i686
GNU/Linux
B. Install LDM-server in application servers.
# apt-get install ldm-server
C. Modify root server for load balancing.
1.
# touch /opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ltsp/get_hosts
# nano /opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ltsp/get_hosts
#!/bin/bash
# Prioritize the server list contained in MY_SERVER_LIST parameter based
on server rating
TMP_LIST=""
SHUFFLED_LIST=""
if [ -z "$MY_SERVER_LIST" ]; then
SHUFFLED_LIST=$SERVER
else
for i in $MY_SERVER_LIST; do
rank=$(netcat $i 9571 | grep rating | cut -d: -f2)
if [ -n "$rank" ]; then
TMP_LIST="$TMP_LIST\n${rank}_$i"
fi
done
TMP_LIST=$(echo -e $TMP_LIST | sort -r)
for i in $TMP_LIST; do
SHUFFLED_LIST="$SHUFFLED_LIST $(echo $i | cut -d_ -f2)"
done
fi
echo $SHUFFLED_LIST
# chmod 755 /opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ltsp/get_hosts
2.
# nano /var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/lts.conf
[Default]
LDM_DIRECTX=True
[--]
MY_SERVER_LIST="192.168.0.106 192.168.0.107 192.168.0.108"
3.
# touch /etc/ltsp/ssh_known_hosts.auto
# ltsp-update-sshkeys 192.168.0.106 debian-app-01 192.168.0.107
debian-app-02 192.168.0.108 debian-app-03
# ltsp-update-image -c /
D. Users
Be sure that every application servers are able to accept users
(rsync/unison passwd, group, shadow or OpenLDAP). Share /home with NFS.
# root@debian-ltsp-pnp:~# cat /etc/exports
# /home 192.168.0.106(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
192.168.0.107(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
192.168.0.108(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
# root@debian-app-01:~# cat /etc/fstab
# 192.168.0.105:/home /home nfs hard,intr,rsize=8192,wsize=8192,bg 0 0
E. Verify that users are able to log in. Here is three thin clients,
three users, three application servers, load balancing is working.
root@debian-app-01:~# ps ax | grep ltsp
3145 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: ltsp002 [priv]
3150 ? S 0:00 sshd: ltsp002@pts/0
3178 ? Ss 0:00 bash -c LTSP_CLIENT=192.168.0.26
LTSP_CLIENT_HOSTNAME=ltsp26 LTSP_CLIENT_MAC=08:00:27:D5:2E:14
LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT=true LC_ALL=fi_FI.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=fi_FI.UTF-8
LANG=fi_FI.UTF-8 DISPLAY=192.168.0.26:7
PULSE_SERVER=tcp:192.168.0.26:4713 ESPEAKER=192.168.0.26:16001
LTSP_ALSA_DEFAULT=pulse /etc/X11/Xsession "default" < /dev/null >
/dev/null ; /usr/sbin/ltspfsmounter all cleanup
3251 ? S 0:00 openbox --config-file
/home/ltsp002/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml
3467 pts/2 S+ 0:00 grep ltsp
root@debian-app-02:~# ps ax | grep ltsp
3131 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: ltsp003 [priv]
3136 ? S 0:00 sshd: ltsp003@pts/0
3163 ? Ss 0:00 bash -c LTSP_CLIENT=192.168.0.12
LTSP_CLIENT_HOSTNAME=ltsp12 LTSP_CLIENT_MAC=08:00:27:2C:BE:71
LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT=true LC_ALL=fi_FI.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=fi_FI.UTF-8
LANG=fi_FI.UTF-8 DISPLAY=192.168.0.12:7
PULSE_SERVER=tcp:192.168.0.12:4713 ESPEAKER=192.168.0.12:16001
LTSP_ALSA_DEFAULT=pulse /etc/X11/Xsession < /dev/null > /dev/null ;
/usr/sbin/ltspfsmounter all cleanup
3236 ? S 0:00 openbox --config-file
/home/ltsp003/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml
3487 pts/2 S+ 0:00 grep ltsp
root@debian-app-03:~# ps ax | grep ltsp
3300 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: ltsp001 [priv]
3325 ? S 0:00 sshd: ltsp001@pts/1
3352 ? Ss 0:00 bash -c LTSP_CLIENT=192.168.0.13
LTSP_CLIENT_HOSTNAME=ltsp13 LTSP_CLIENT_MAC=08:00:27:CC:7A:AB
LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT=true LC_ALL=fi_FI.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=fi_FI.UTF-8
LANG=fi_FI.UTF-8 DISPLAY=192.168.0.13:7
PULSE_SERVER=tcp:192.168.0.13:4713 ESPEAKER=192.168.0.13:16001
LTSP_ALSA_DEFAULT=pulse /etc/X11/Xsession "default" < /dev/null >
/dev/null ; /usr/sbin/ltspfsmounter all cleanup
3429 ? S 0:00 openbox --config-file
/home/ltsp001/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml
3910 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep ltsp
[1]
http://h10010.www1.hp.com/wwpc/pscmisc/vac/us/product_pdfs/t5135_Data_Sheet_02-26-07.pdf
[2] https://packages.debian.org/wheezy/linux-image-3.2.0-4-486
[3]
http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.6.0/i386/iso-cd/debian-7.6.0-i386-lxde-CD-1.iso
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