Negation of Negation: A concept describing the shape and motion of change, wherein one stage of development replaces a previous stage and preserves the form of its predecessor. Negation of the negation can be narrow or used as a wide concept of the shape and motion of quantitative and qualitative change in nature and society. In a wide meaning negation of negation is a return to a previous state - quality, at a higher level. Marx presents the equation as thus: "The capitalist mode of appropriation, the result of the capitalist mode of production, produces capitalist private property. This is the first negation of individual private property, as founded on the labor of the proprietor. But capitalist production begets, with the inexorability of a law of Nature, its own negation. It is the negation of negation. This does not re-establish private property for the producer, but gives him individual property based on the acquisition of the capitalist era: i.e., on co-operation and the possession in common of the land and of the means of production. The transformation of scattered private property, arising from individual labor, into capitalist private property is, naturally, a process, incomparably more protracted, violent, and difficult, than the transformation of capitalistic private property, already practically resting on socialized production, into socialized property. In the former case, we had the expropriation of the mass of the people by a few usurpers; in the latter, we have the expropriation of a few usurpers by the mass of the people. [2] _http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch32.htm_ (http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch32.htm) In Marx description above, private property does not negate private property as a quality. Rather, the form of private property is negated in correspondence with qualitative changes in the means of production. Here, negation of the negation signifies the preservation of the specific quality of the contradiction pinpointed as the point of departure - the starting point of a motion. One can make anything the negation and negation of the negation. For instance, one mode of production negates the previously existing mode of production. The new displacing mode of production contains within itself its unique quality begetting its own negation. Likewise, one quantitative stage negates the stage from which it arises in an endless series of negations. Since life is specific, it is best to be specific and define the process in question and how one quality leaps to another qualitative reformation. In the wide sense of the motion - direction, of society, primitive communism is our starting point. Private property negates the primitive public property relations. Private property passing through all its negating quantitative stages of development, which creates qualitatively different modes of production, in meaning of new instruments of production. Various qualitative stages of modes of production, founded on private property, rise and fall. Economic communism, founded on qualitatively new means of production, is called "primitive communism" at a higher level or the negation of the negation or a description of the motion of a gigantic historical process, resulting in the reestablishment of public property. Negation of the negation is not a universal law of dialectical motion, but rather an expression of the law dialectic of change. (see Dialectics, quantity, quality, the antagonistic element.)
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