Tom Walker says: >>Seriously, though, how about those mutual funds? A couple of weeks ago, we had a drywall installer in to fix a hole in the ceiling. He talked enthusiastically about his contractor pals who were making so much money in the stock market they had given up doing construction work. Then just the other day, I was in a toy store and overheard two clerks talking about how you could borrow money from the bank, buy mutual funds and make enough money to live on the interest and still increase your principal. << This is serious stuff: there's an underground Wall Street theory that says that when the "widows and orphans" (WS jargon for amateurs, outsiders) get into the stock market (with or without mutual funds as mediators), it's time for a crash. I don't know if there is any empirical evidence for or against that theory. Doug? in pen-l solidarity, Jim Devine [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Econ. Dept., Loyola Marymount Univ. 7900 Loyola Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90045-8410 USA 310/338-2948 (daytime, during workweek); FAX: 310/338-1950 "It takes a busload of faith to get by." -- Lou Reed.