Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity
Thank you for that, Peter. I suppose that if the systemic activity of neonics is sufficient to kill Apple Maggot eggs or larvae during a (two week?) period after application, and up to 2 inches rainfall, they could be expected to be as good as Imidan or Guthion, regardless of whether the adults are killed by fruit or foliar contact. Or, perhaps female flies are killed by ovipositor contact with systemic neonic during egg insertion? My guess is that such studies have not been made. David Kollas On Aug 2, 2013, at 8:55 AM, Peter J. Jentsch wrote: Hi David, John Wise, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, wrote a very nice piece on the 'Rainfast characteristics of fruit crop insecticides' that might help to answer these questions. It was posted on June 3, 2013. http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/rainfast_characteristics_of_fruit_crop_insecticides All the best, Peter J. Jentsch Senior Extension Associate - Entomology Department of Entomology Cornell University’s Hudson Valley Lab P.O. Box 727, 3357 Rt. 9W Highland, NY 12528 Office: 845-691-7151 Cell: 845-417-7465 FAX: 845-691-2719 E-mail: p...@cornell.edu http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/bmsb1.html http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/jentsch/links.html From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net [apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] on behalf of David Kollas [kol...@sbcglobal.net] Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 8:50 PM To: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Subject: [apple-crop] Fwd: Residual pesticide activity Perhaps the sending address I used this morning was wrong. I am trying another now. Begin forwarded message: From: David Kollas kol...@sbcglobal.net Date: July 31, 2013 9:08:52 AM EDT To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Bcc: Kollas David kol...@sbcglobal.net Subject: Residual pesticide activity All: Surely others know the answer to this question. I must have missed it somewhere. Does the systemic activity of absorbed neonicotinoid sprays Assail and Calypso replace the surface residual that continues to kill Apple Maggot flies entering an Imidan or Guthion-treated orchard days after the application? Do the neonics provide residual control only by systemic tissue-presence which the insect must consume? Or do Apple Maggot flies get enough active ingredient through their feet to kill them on days-old neonic treatments? The question is relevant in choosing whether, and what pesticide to apply prior to forecast thunderstorms that can remove surface residues. David Kollas Kollas Orchard, Tolland, CT ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.net http://virtualorchard.net/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.net http://virtualorchard.net/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity
Hi David, Harvey Reissig did a study on the efficacy of some of the newer products against apple maggot, and published it some years ago: Reissig, W. Harvey. 2003. Field and Laboratory Tests of New Insecticides Against the Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (5): 1463-1472 — I will send you a pdf of it in a separate email. However, his general findings were that there are no new insecticides that are as effective in controlling AM as the organophosphates, particularly in “high pressure situations”. It is also true that most of the new materials are not as directly toxic to the flies as the OPs, and the efficacy of many these new materials appears to be due to their ability to prevent flies from ovipositing as long as they are in contact with their residues. We really don’t know the mechanism of this mode of action, but in many laboratory bioassays the flies will not lay eggs on treated apples, although they remain alive. So far, we would say that in most normal US orchards, which are presumed to be initially free from internal AM infestations and are not near abandoned orchards and other large sources of unsprayed host trees, we have not seen control failures or even increased damage in orchards that are not treated with organophosphates, although AM catches in monitoring traps placed along the edges of these orchards appears to be higher than when they were sprayed with organophosphates. As far as efficacy, Calypso is definitely the most effective of the new insecticides, followed by Assail. Delegate and Altacor also have some activity, but would probably not provide control in orchards with internal infestations or those that are near heavy unsprayed sources of infestations. Art -- Arthur M. Agnello Professor and Extension Tree Fruit Entomologist Dept. of Entomologya...@cornell.edu N.Y.S. Agric. Expt. Sta.Tel: 315-787-2341 630 W. North St. Fax: 315-787-2326 Geneva, NY 14456-1371 http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/agnello/links.html Scaffolds Fruit Journal online: http://www.scaffolds.entomology.cornell.edu/index.html From: Dave Kollas kol...@sbcglobal.netmailto:kol...@sbcglobal.net Reply-To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Date: Fri, Aug 2 10:44 AM To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity Thank you for that, Peter. I suppose that if the systemic activity of neonics is sufficient to kill Apple Maggot eggs or larvae during a (two week?) period after application, and up to 2 inches rainfall, they could be expected to be as good as Imidan or Guthion, regardless of whether the adults are killed by fruit or foliar contact. Or, perhaps female flies are killed by ovipositor contact with systemic neonic during egg insertion? My guess is that such studies have not been made. David Kollas On Aug 2, 2013, at 8:55 AM, Peter J. Jentsch wrote: Hi David, John Wise, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, wrote a very nice piece on the 'Rainfast characteristics of fruit crop insecticides' that might help to answer these questions. It was posted on June 3, 2013. http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/rainfast_characteristics_of_fruit_crop_insecticides All the best, Peter J. Jentsch Senior Extension Associate - Entomology Department of Entomology Cornell University’s Hudson Valley Lab P.O. Box 727, 3357 Rt. 9W Highland, NY 12528 Office: 845-691-7151 Cell: 845-417-7465 FAX: 845-691-2719 E-mail: p...@cornell.edumailto:p...@cornell.edu http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/bmsb1.html http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/jentsch/links.html From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net [apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] on behalf of David Kollas [kol...@sbcglobal.netmailto:kol...@sbcglobal.net] Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 8:50 PM To: apple-crop@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Subject: [apple-crop] Fwd: Residual pesticide activity Perhaps the sending address I used this morning was wrong. I am trying another now. Begin forwarded message: From: David Kollas kol...@sbcglobal.netmailto:kol...@sbcglobal.net Date: July 31, 2013 9:08:52 AM EDT To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.netmailto:apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Bcc: Kollas David kol...@sbcglobal.netmailto:kol...@sbcglobal.net Subject: Residual pesticide activity All: Surely others know the answer to this question. I must have missed it somewhere. Does the systemic activity of absorbed neonicotinoid sprays Assail and Calypso replace the surface residual that continues to kill Apple Maggot flies entering an Imidan or
Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity
Thank you, Art. It is always better to know whether the most-informed have the answers; or whether, instead, they are not sure either. The uncertainty that Reissig expressed in his paper of 2003 apparently continues now ten years later. In that paper he indicated the need for additional research to assess practical aspects of replacing organophosphates with newer chemistries in commercial orchards. A practical aspect of using Calyso or Assail in leu of Imidan that is separate from their mode of action on Apple Maggot, is the question of how to incorporate them into a label-compliant resistance-management program that includes control of many pests in addition to Apple Maggot. David On Aug 2, 2013, at 11:53 AM, Arthur M. Agnello wrote: Hi David, Harvey Reissig did a study on the efficacy of some of the newer products against apple maggot, and published it some years ago: Reissig, W. Harvey. 2003. Field and Laboratory Tests of New Insecticides Against the Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (5): 1463-1472 — I will send you a pdf of it in a separate email. However, his general findings were that there are no new insecticides that are as effective in controlling AM as the organophosphates, particularly in “high pressure situations”. It is also true that most of the new materials are not as directly toxic to the flies as the OPs, and the efficacy of many these new materials appears to be due to their ability to prevent flies from ovipositing as long as they are in contact with their residues. We really don’t know the mechanism of this mode of action, but in many laboratory bioassays the flies will not lay eggs on treated apples, although they remain alive. So far, we would say that in most normal US orchards, which are presumed to be initially free from internal AM infestations and are not near abandoned orchards and other large sources of unsprayed host trees, we have not seen control failures or even increased damage in orchards that are not treated with organophosphates, although AM catches in monitoring traps placed along the edges of these orchards appears to be higher than when they were sprayed with organophosphates. As far as efficacy, Calypso is definitely the most effective of the new insecticides, followed by Assail. Delegate and Altacor also have some activity, but would probably not provide control in orchards with internal infestations or those that are near heavy unsprayed sources of infestations. Art -- Arthur M. Agnello Professor and Extension Tree Fruit Entomologist Dept. of Entomologya...@cornell.edu N.Y.S. Agric. Expt. Sta.Tel: 315-787-2341 630 W. North St. Fax: 315-787-2326 Geneva, NY 14456-1371 http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/agnello/links.html Scaffolds Fruit Journal online: http://www.scaffolds.entomology.cornell.edu/index.html From: Dave Kollas kol...@sbcglobal.net Reply-To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Date: Fri, Aug 2 10:44 AM To: Apple-crop discussion list apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity Thank you for that, Peter. I suppose that if the systemic activity of neonics is sufficient to kill Apple Maggot eggs or larvae during a (two week?) period after application, and up to 2 inches rainfall, they could be expected to be as good as Imidan or Guthion, regardless of whether the adults are killed by fruit or foliar contact. Or, perhaps female flies are killed by ovipositor contact with systemic neonic during egg insertion? My guess is that such studies have not been made. David Kollas On Aug 2, 2013, at 8:55 AM, Peter J. Jentsch wrote: Hi David, John Wise, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, wrote a very nice piece on the 'Rainfast characteristics of fruit crop insecticides' that might help to answer these questions. It was posted on June 3, 2013. http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/rainfast_characteristics_of_fruit_crop_insecticides All the best, Peter J. Jentsch Senior Extension Associate - Entomology Department of Entomology Cornell University’s Hudson Valley Lab P.O. Box 727, 3357 Rt. 9W Highland, NY 12528 Office: 845-691-7151 Cell: 845-417-7465 FAX: 845-691-2719 E-mail: p...@cornell.edu http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/bmsb1.html http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/jentsch/links.html From: apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net [apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.net] on behalf of David Kollas [kol...@sbcglobal.net] Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 8:50 PM To: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Subject: [apple-crop] Fwd: Residual pesticide activity Perhaps the sending address I used this morning was wrong. I am trying another now. Begin
