[CTRL] settlers rampage
-Caveat Lector-
From http://news.independent.co.uk/world/middle_east/story.jsp?story=307754
Palestinian witnesses said that a convoy of Jewish settlers, some
armed with M-16 assault rifles, descended on the Arab town of
Howara
Civilians with M-16s ... hmmm
}}}Begin
22 June 2002 12:13 BDST
Home News World Middle East
Israeli settlers rampage after blood- soaked week
By Phil Reeves in Jerusalem
22 June 2002 Internal links Shoppers killed as Israeli tank opens fire in market
Israeli settlers rampage after blood-soaked week Howard Jacobson: Where there's
no hope, must there be no life?
Armed Israeli settlers appeared to have taken the law into their own hands
yesterday by raiding a West Bank town as divisions emerged within the Israeli
government over how to respond to the latest wave of Palestinian attacks.
Palestinian witnesses said that a convoy of Jewish settlers, some armed with M-16
assault rifles, descended on the Arab town of Howara and killed a 22-year-old Arab
man and set fire to cars. Israeli police said they were checking the reports.
The attack took place while the settlement of Itamar built on occupied territory just
south of Nablus was burying the victims of Thursday evening's attack in which a
Palestinian gunman killed five people, including a mother and three of her eight
children.
The resumption of sectarian attacks which were an almost daily feature of the
early days of the 21-month intifada comes as a debate rages within the Israeli
government over how to respond to Palestinian assaults, in which 33 Israelis were
killed within three days this week the majority in two suicide bombings in
Jerusalem.
There is fury in Israel that Palestinian suicide bombers are again randomly blowing
up civilians. There is also deep disappointment that these attacks have resumed
less than two months after the Israeli army sent thousands of tanks and troops into
the West Bank in its largest offensive against the Palestinians since 1967.
Earlier this week, Ariel Sharon's government said that it intended to reoccupy the
pockets of Palestinian-run land on the West Bank the rest is already Israeli-
controlled and remain as long as terror continued. It described this plan as an
important change of policy, although its forces have already been conducting
almost daily raids into Palestinian- administered towns, and for months encircled
Yasser Arafat's headquarters in Ramallah. The policy was coupled with a partial
call-up of reservists.
But divisions have emerged over the reoccupation plan within Mr Sharon's coalition
government. Benjamin Ben- Eliezer, the Defence Minister, and the Foreign Minister
Shimon Peres both from Labour denied that they have agreed to the new policy.
Yesterday, in response to the Itamar killings, Israeli forces sent 50 tanks into
Nablus, and dug in further in Jenin, but it was unclear how long they planned to
stay.
A meeting of Israel's security cabinet yesterday appeared slightly to soften its
position, saying only that the army should remain in Palestinian areas as long as
necessary. Concerns abound within Israel that total reoccupation of the West Bank
would lead to more casualties in the army. The Palestinians have portrayed the
reoccupation policy as part of a long-held plan by Mr Sharon to seize control of all
of the West Bank, crushing any chance of a Palestinian state.
Underlying this debate is a general uncertainty in Israel over its next move.
Assassinations, blockades, curfews, mass arrests, demolitions, and the bombing of
the Palestinian infrastructure have failed to stop the attacks. Figures issued by the
Israeli Defence Forces yesterday said that in the two months since the end of the
offensive, called Operation Defensive Shield, 84 Israelis have been killed, and 276
injured.
The international community is pressing Mr Sharon to couple his many conditions
for talks led by a demand for a complete end to Palestinian violence and major
reforms in Palestinian society with political moves, arguing that no progress will
be possible unless the Palestinians have some form of hope. But every new murder
of a civilian hardens the views of the extremists. Yesterday the latter made their
views clear in a full page advertisement inThe Jerusalem Post, a sister paper of The
Daily Telegraph that has written extensively on the problem of incitement in the
Palestinian media. The unsigned advertisement called on the army to respond to
suicide bombings with artillery and air assaults on the killer's home area attacks
which the advert admitted would inevitably kill and injure hundreds, even
thousands, of Arabs.
End{{{
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In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107, this material
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Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed byIslamicmilitantgrou...
-Caveat Lector- Well Prudy since my name was drawn into this, let me say this - Joshua is anti-semite. Always has been - always will be; he no doubt is still lurking on militia lists and reporting to the ADL... He Joshua - think youi scared the militias? Saba A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html A HREF=http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html;Archives of [EMAIL PROTECTED]/A http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ A HREF=http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/;ctrl/A To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
[CTRL] [Fwd: Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed byIslamicmilitantgrou...] Correction - J2
-Caveat Lector- Original Message Subject: Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed byIslamicmilitantgrou... Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 23:51:03 -0400 From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] References: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Prudence L. Kuhn wrote: -Caveat Lector- In a message dated 07/13/2001 2:17:09 AM Eastern Daylight Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Aren't we talking about two different countries here? No. Actually we are not. It's just that you are an ignorant bigot. Why do you think that Jordanians are Palestinians? Because over 60% of the population are Palestinians. Duh! Palestine was a country before it was given to the Jewish survivors of the Holocaust by a couple of countries with bad consciences. Palestine was a country invented by the Romans in *70 CE* [ should be 135 CE ] to separate the Jews they expelled from that region after the great revolt was lost. The Romans replaced all the Jewish and Biblical names and called it [Syria] Pallestina. They expanded the coastal area called Philistia where the old Philistines used to live. Palestine was broken in two and given to the Hashemite Tribes of Arabia by Sikes-Pico. The Brits and the French. They created Jordan from eastern Palestine. EAst of the Jordan River. There are even Palestinian Christians and Jews, although the latter have no cause to complain about the present arrangement. You have no idea what you are talking about. There are no Palestinian Jews. The Israeli tend to refer to all Moslems as Arabs. The Israelis refer to Arabs as Arabs. Palestinian Christians are Arabs. Iranian Moslems are not Arabs. They know the difference and you are just talking out your ass. Now this is very convenient for their efforts to dehumanize their designated enemy, Arabs are an ethnic group. Calling Arabs Arabs is not dehumanization. Calling the Chinese Chinese is not dehumanization. Unless they are ignorant bigots like you. and I guess it makes it easier for them to torment and kill the general civilian population which they want to exterminate, but Palestine is Palestine and Jordan is Jordan. What the hell are you babeling about? There is no Palestine. Israel is what used to be Western Palestine, and Jordan is what used to be Eastern Palestine. Find an old map Prudy, before you embarrass yourself further. Their populations are not interchangeable. Prudy With this post Prudy, you have achieved Sabahood. J2 A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html A HREF=http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html;Archives of [EMAIL PROTECTED]/A http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ A HREF=http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/;ctrl/A To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamicmilitant grou...
-Caveat Lector- In a message dated 07/13/2001 2:17:09 AM Eastern Daylight Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Aren't we talking about two different countries here? Why do you think that Jordanians are Palestinians? Palestine was a country before it was given to the Jewish survivors of the Holocaust by a couple of countries with bad consciences. There are even Palestinian Christians and Jews, although the latter have no cause to complain about the present arrangement. The Israeli tend to refer to all Moslems as Arabs. Now this is very convenient for their efforts to dehumanize their designated enemy, and I guess it makes it easier for them to torment and kill the general civilian population which they want to exterminate, but Palestine is Palestine and Jordan is Jordan. Their populations are not interchangeable. Prudy A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html A HREF=http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html;Archives of [EMAIL PROTECTED]/A http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ A HREF=http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/;ctrl/A To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamicmilitant grou...
-Caveat Lector- sorry prudy, but your facts are just wrong here palestine was divided by the british mandate, and the part that became jordan was given to the hashemite kingdom BY THE BRITISH, for their helping the british during world war 1. The majority population of jordan are palestinian, and they are being ruled by a minority group that the british installed into power. their populations are to paraphrase you very interchangeble: - On August 23,1959, the Prime Minister of Jordan stated, We are the Government of Palestine, the army of Palestine and the refugees of Palestine. Let us not forget the East Bank of the (River) Jordan, where seventy per cent of the inhabitants belong to the Palestinian nation. - George Habash, leader of the PFLP section of the PLO, writing in the PLO publication Sha-un Falastinia, February 1970 Palestine is Jordan and Jordan is Palestine; there is one people and one land, with one history and one and the same fate. - Prince Hassan, brother of King Hussein, addressing the Jordanian National Assembly, 2nd February 1970 There should be a kind of linkage because Jordanians and Palestinians are considered by the PLO as one people. - Farouk Kadoumi, head of the PLO Political Department, quoted in Newsweek, 14th March 1977 check this website (or any good history book) http://www.yahoodi.com/peace/jordan.html : Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Prudence L. Kuhn [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2001 08:41:19 EDT To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamicmilitant grou... -Caveat Lector- In a message dated 07/13/2001 2:17:09 AM Eastern Daylight Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Aren't we talking about two different countries here? Why do you think that Jordanians are Palestinians? Palestine was a country before it was given to the Jewish survivors of the Holocaust by a couple of countries with bad consciences. There are even Palestinian Christians and Jews, although the latter have no cause to complain about the present arrangement. The Israeli tend to refer to all Moslems as Arabs. Now this is very convenient for their efforts to dehumanize their designated enemy, and I guess it makes it easier for them to torment and kill the general civilian population which they want to exterminate, but Palestine is Palestine and Jordan is Jordan. Their populations are not interchangeable. Prudy A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substance?not soap-boxing?please! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'?with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright frauds?is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html A HREF=http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html;Archives of [EMAIL PROTECTED]/A http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ A HREF=http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/;ctrl/A To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed byIslamicmilitantgrou...
-Caveat Lector- Prudence L. Kuhn wrote: -Caveat Lector- In a message dated 07/13/2001 2:17:09 AM Eastern Daylight Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Aren't we talking about two different countries here? No. Actually we are not. It's just that you are an ignorant bigot. Why do you think that Jordanians are Palestinians? Because over 60% of the population are Palestinians. Duh! Palestine was a country before it was given to the Jewish survivors of the Holocaust by a couple of countries with bad consciences. Palestine was a country invented by the Romans in 70 CE to separate the Jews they expelled from that region after the great revolt was lost. The Romans replaced all the Jewish and Biblical names and called it Pallestina. They expanded the coastal area called Philistia where the old Philistines used to live. Palestine was broken in two and given to the Hashemite Tribes of Arabia by Sikes-Pico. The Brits and the French. They created Jordan from eastern Palestine. EAst of the Jordan River. There are even Palestinian Christians and Jews, although the latter have no cause to complain about the present arrangement. You have no idea what you are talking about. There are no Palestinian Jews. The Israeli tend to refer to all Moslems as Arabs. The Israelis refer to Arabs as Arabs. Palestinian Christians are Arabs. Iranian Moslems are not Arabs. They know the difference and you are just talking out your ass. Now this is very convenient for their efforts to dehumanize their designated enemy, Arabs are an ethnic group. Calling Arabs Arabs is not dehumanization. Calling the Chinese Chinese is not dehumanization. Unless they are ignorant bigots like you. and I guess it makes it easier for them to torment and kill the general civilian population which they want to exterminate, but Palestine is Palestine and Jordan is Jordan. What the hell are you babeling about? There is no Palestine. Israel is what used to be Western Palestine, and Jordan is what used to be Eastern Palestine. Find an old map Prudy, before you embarrass yourself further. Their populations are not interchangeable. Prudy With this post Prudy, you have achieved Sabahood. J2 A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html A HREF=http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/archives/ctrl.html;Archives of [EMAIL PROTECTED]/A http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ A HREF=http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/;ctrl/A To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
[CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence.
-Caveat Lector- Hmmmnnn... No Jews = no news. Isn't this ethnic cleansing? I've heard nothing from you about this situation? Where is the Palestinian moral outrage? Where is the Liberal outrage? Or are you all just full of it? Nurev Kashmir's evicted Hindu minority seeks its own homeland By HEMA SHUKLA Associated Press NEW DELHI, India (July 11, 2001 06:39 a.m. EDT) - Pinni Suri remembers the scene exactly - even though 11 years have passed. Dawn had just broken when two teenagers knocked on the front door of her home in the Kashmir Valley, where her Hindu ancestors had lived for centuries among the majority Muslims. Two minutes later, one of the young men shot Suri's husband in the chest. The attackers disappeared into the narrow lanes of Srinagar, Kashmir's summer capital. Muslim neighbors, watching from their window, turned away as she begged for help. They shot dead my husband on Aug. 1, 1990, and I left Srinagar the same day. I haven't gone back since, said Suri. An uncle of her husband was killed weeks later. It was a time of terrible fear among Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus indigenous to the beautiful Himalayan valley. They and Hindu settlers were being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence from India or to unite with Muslim-majority Pakistan. Between October 1989 and August 1990, some 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled and live mostly in squalid camps in Jammu, Kashmir's winter capital. Now as India prepares for a three-day summit starting Friday between Pakistan's Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Pandits are raising anew their demand for a homeland, which they say must be separate because of fears they will be targeted again. They wanted to Islamize Kashmir and they wanted us out. It was ethnic cleansing, said Ramesh Manavati, spokesman for Our Own Kashmir, an organization that says it represents more than 700,000 Kashmiri Pandits and demands an enclave in the Kashmir Valley. Thousands of Kashmiri Pandits say they feel forsaken by their government, which failed to protect them and their property. We are the forgotten ones, refugees in our own country, Manavati said. The All Party Hurriyat Conference, an umbrella group of Islamic and political parties that claims to speak for Kashmir, says the Pandits are welcome back, but a separate Pandit homeland is unacceptable. Kashmir is for all Kashmiris, says the group, which favors separation of the region from India. The Hurriyat is not in favor of division along communal (religious) lines, said Hurriyat spokesman Abdul Majid Banday. The Hurriyat has outraged the Pandits by saying that the stories of killings and intimidation were exaggerated and that the Pandit exodus was part of a government strategy to show the separatist movement in a bad light. Those who fled said the militants' method was to kill one and terrorize hundreds. Mosques blared warnings to Hindus, telling infidels to leave. Graffiti on walls said the valley was reserved for the faithful. Hindus who remained behind continue to live in fear. According to statistics compiled by The Associated Press, nearly 400 Hindus have been killed in 33 separate attacks in the past eight years. Many have been pulled out of buses and shot at close range. India accuses Islamic Pakistan of arming the Kashmir militants. Pakistan denies the charge, saying its support is only political. But most militant groups in Kashmir are based in Pakistan and run training camps for fighters under the eyes of Pakistan's government. According to the latest census completed in February, Kashmir has 6.2 million Muslims and 3.4 million Hindus, including 500,000 Kashmiri Pandits, as well as 300,000 Sikhs and 100,000 Buddhists. The displaced Hindus live safe but squalid lives in several large camps in Jammu, which is in the foothills of the Himalayas and has a Hindu majority. Extended families live in single rooms, with leaky roofs, poor ventilation and no toilets. What is here? Nothing. Mosquito bites and fear of snakes, said 65-year-old Lakshmanjoo, who uses only one name. He has been sharing a room with 10 other family members since they fled 11 years ago. My valley is beautiful. --- A HREF=http://www.ctrl.org/;www.ctrl.org/A DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic screeds are unwelcomed. Substancenot soap-boxingplease! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'with its many half-truths, mis- directions and outright fraudsis used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply.
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence.
-Caveat Lector- what does this have to do with Jews and/or Palestinians at all? I've spent time in Kashmir, and most of the people there have never heard of a Jew or Israeli or Palestinian. Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 08:55:07 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence. -Caveat Lector- Hmmmnnn... No Jews = no news. Isn't this ethnic cleansing? I've heard nothing from you about this situation? Where is the Palestinian moral outrage? Where is the Liberal outrage? Or are you all just full of it? Nurev Kashmir's evicted Hindu minority seeks its own homeland By HEMA SHUKLA Associated Press NEW DELHI, India (July 11, 2001 06:39 a.m. EDT) - Pinni Suri remembers the scene exactly - even though 11 years have passed. Dawn had just broken when two teenagers knocked on the front door of her home in the Kashmir Valley, where her Hindu ancestors had lived for centuries among the majority Muslims. Two minutes later, one of the young men shot Suri's husband in the chest. The attackers disappeared into the narrow lanes of Srinagar, Kashmir's summer capital. Muslim neighbors, watching from their window, turned away as she begged for help. They shot dead my husband on Aug. 1, 1990, and I left Srinagar the same day. I haven't gone back since, said Suri. An uncle of her husband was killed weeks later. It was a time of terrible fear among Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus indigenous to the beautiful Himalayan valley. They and Hindu settlers were being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence from India or to unite with Muslim-majority Pakistan. Between October 1989 and August 1990, some 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled and live mostly in squalid camps in Jammu, Kashmir's winter capital. Now as India prepares for a three-day summit starting Friday between Pakistan's Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Pandits are raising anew their demand for a homeland, which they say must be separate because of fears they will be targeted again. They wanted to Islamize Kashmir and they wanted us out. It was ethnic cleansing, said Ramesh Manavati, spokesman for Our Own Kashmir, an organization that says it represents more than 700,000 Kashmiri Pandits and demands an enclave in the Kashmir Valley. Thousands of Kashmiri Pandits say they feel forsaken by their government, which failed to protect them and their property. We are the forgotten ones, refugees in our own country, Manavati said. The All Party Hurriyat Conference, an umbrella group of Islamic and political parties that claims to speak for Kashmir, says the Pandits are welcome back, but a separate Pandit homeland is unacceptable. Kashmir is for all Kashmiris, says the group, which favors separation of the region from India. The Hurriyat is not in favor of division along communal (religious) lines, said Hurriyat spokesman Abdul Majid Banday. The Hurriyat has outraged the Pandits by saying that the stories of killings and intimidation were exaggerated and that the Pandit exodus was part of a government strategy to show the separatist movement in a bad light. Those who fled said the militants' method was to kill one and terrorize hundreds. Mosques blared warnings to Hindus, telling infidels to leave. Graffiti on walls said the valley was reserved for the faithful. Hindus who remained behind continue to live in fear. According to statistics compiled by The Associated Press, nearly 400 Hindus have been killed in 33 separate attacks in the past eight years. Many have been pulled out of buses and shot at close range. India accuses Islamic Pakistan of arming the Kashmir militants. Pakistan denies the charge, saying its support is only political. But most militant groups in Kashmir are based in Pakistan and run training camps for fighters under the eyes of Pakistan's government. According to the latest census completed in February, Kashmir has 6.2 million Muslims and 3.4 million Hindus, including 500,000 Kashmiri Pandits, as well as 300,000 Sikhs and 100,000 Buddhists. The displaced Hindus live safe but squalid lives in several large camps in Jammu, which is in the foothills of the Himalayas and has a Hindu majority. Extended families live in single rooms, with leaky roofs, poor ventilation and no toilets. What is here? Nothing. Mosquito bites and fear of snakes, said 65-year-old Lakshmanjoo, who uses only one name. He
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demandingindependence.
-Caveat Lector- thew wrote: -Caveat Lector- what does this have to do with Jews and/or Palestinians at all? I've spent time in Kashmir, and most of the people there have never heard of a Jew or Israeli or Palestinian. Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam Similar situation. Selective choosing of ' bad guys ' . Jordan, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia expelled ( ethnically cleansed ) their entire Palestinian populations and there wasn't a peep out of the Left or the Liberals. Just a little hypocracy. I didn't want to let it slip by some of the concerned citizens. Joshua2 NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 08:55:07 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence. -Caveat Lector- Hmmmnnn... No Jews = no news. Isn't this ethnic cleansing? I've heard nothing from you about this situation? Where is the Palestinian moral outrage? Where is the Liberal outrage? Or are you all just full of it? Nurev Kashmir's evicted Hindu minority seeks its own homeland By HEMA SHUKLA Associated Press NEW DELHI, India (July 11, 2001 06:39 a.m. EDT) - Pinni Suri remembers the scene exactly - even though 11 years have passed. Dawn had just broken when two teenagers knocked on the front door of her home in the Kashmir Valley, where her Hindu ancestors had lived for centuries among the majority Muslims. Two minutes later, one of the young men shot Suri's husband in the chest. The attackers disappeared into the narrow lanes of Srinagar, Kashmir's summer capital. Muslim neighbors, watching from their window, turned away as she begged for help. They shot dead my husband on Aug. 1, 1990, and I left Srinagar the same day. I haven't gone back since, said Suri. An uncle of her husband was killed weeks later. It was a time of terrible fear among Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus indigenous to the beautiful Himalayan valley. They and Hindu settlers were being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence from India or to unite with Muslim-majority Pakistan. Between October 1989 and August 1990, some 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled and live mostly in squalid camps in Jammu, Kashmir's winter capital. Now as India prepares for a three-day summit starting Friday between Pakistan's Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Pandits are raising anew their demand for a homeland, which they say must be separate because of fears they will be targeted again. They wanted to Islamize Kashmir and they wanted us out. It was ethnic cleansing, said Ramesh Manavati, spokesman for Our Own Kashmir, an organization that says it represents more than 700,000 Kashmiri Pandits and demands an enclave in the Kashmir Valley. Thousands of Kashmiri Pandits say they feel forsaken by their government, which failed to protect them and their property. We are the forgotten ones, refugees in our own country, Manavati said. The All Party Hurriyat Conference, an umbrella group of Islamic and political parties that claims to speak for Kashmir, says the Pandits are welcome back, but a separate Pandit homeland is unacceptable. Kashmir is for all Kashmiris, says the group, which favors separation of the region from India. The Hurriyat is not in favor of division along communal (religious) lines, said Hurriyat spokesman Abdul Majid Banday. The Hurriyat has outraged the Pandits by saying that the stories of killings and intimidation were exaggerated and that the Pandit exodus was part of a government strategy to show the separatist movement in a bad light. Those who fled said the militants' method was to kill one and terrorize hundreds. Mosques blared warnings to Hindus, telling infidels to leave. Graffiti on walls said the valley was reserved for the faithful. Hindus who remained behind continue to live in fear. According to statistics compiled by The Associated Press, nearly 400 Hindus have been killed in 33 separate attacks in the past eight years. Many have been pulled out of buses and shot at close range. India accuses Islamic Pakistan of arming the Kashmir militants. Pakistan denies the charge, saying its support is only political. But most militant groups in Kashmir are based in Pakistan and run training camps for fighters under the eyes of Pakistan's government. According to the latest census completed in February, Kashmir has 6.2 million Muslims and 3.4 million Hindus
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demandingindependence.
-Caveat Lector- im not sure i see the similarity of the situations other than they both involve muslims as to the other arab nations, we know they are using the palestinians as a fist, and it serves them well to keep the palestinians as refugees the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 19:04:57 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demandingindependence. -Caveat Lector- thew wrote: -Caveat Lector- what does this have to do with Jews and/or Palestinians at all? I've spent time in Kashmir, and most of the people there have never heard of a Jew or Israeli or Palestinian. Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam Similar situation. Selective choosing of ' bad guys ' . Jordan, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia expelled ( ethnically cleansed ) their entire Palestinian populations and there wasn't a peep out of the Left or the Liberals. Just a little hypocracy. I didn't want to let it slip by some of the concerned citizens. Joshua2 NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 08:55:07 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence. -Caveat Lector- Hmmmnnn... No Jews = no news. Isn't this ethnic cleansing? I've heard nothing from you about this situation? Where is the Palestinian moral outrage? Where is the Liberal outrage? Or are you all just full of it? Nurev Kashmir's evicted Hindu minority seeks its own homeland By HEMA SHUKLA Associated Press NEW DELHI, India (July 11, 2001 06:39 a.m. EDT) - Pinni Suri remembers the scene exactly - even though 11 years have passed. Dawn had just broken when two teenagers knocked on the front door of her home in the Kashmir Valley, where her Hindu ancestors had lived for centuries among the majority Muslims. Two minutes later, one of the young men shot Suri's husband in the chest. The attackers disappeared into the narrow lanes of Srinagar, Kashmir's summer capital. Muslim neighbors, watching from their window, turned away as she begged for help. They shot dead my husband on Aug. 1, 1990, and I left Srinagar the same day. I haven't gone back since, said Suri. An uncle of her husband was killed weeks later. It was a time of terrible fear among Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus indigenous to the beautiful Himalayan valley. They and Hindu settlers were being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence from India or to unite with Muslim-majority Pakistan. Between October 1989 and August 1990, some 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled and live mostly in squalid camps in Jammu, Kashmir's winter capital. Now as India prepares for a three-day summit starting Friday between Pakistan's Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Pandits are raising anew their demand for a homeland, which they say must be separate because of fears they will be targeted again. They wanted to Islamize Kashmir and they wanted us out. It was ethnic cleansing, said Ramesh Manavati, spokesman for Our Own Kashmir, an organization that says it represents more than 700,000 Kashmiri Pandits and demands an enclave in the Kashmir Valley. Thousands of Kashmiri Pandits say they feel forsaken by their government, which failed to protect them and their property. We are the forgotten ones, refugees in our own country, Manavati said. The All Party Hurriyat Conference, an umbrella group of Islamic and political parties that claims to speak for Kashmir, says the Pandits are welcome back, but a separate Pandit homeland is unacceptable. Kashmir is for all Kashmiris, says the group, which favors separation of the region from India. The Hurriyat is not in favor of division along communal (religious) lines, said Hurriyat spokesman Abdul Majid Banday. The Hurriyat has outraged the Pandits by saying that the stories of killings and intimidation were exaggerated and that the Pandit exodus was part of a government strategy to show the separatist movement in a bad light. Those who fled said
Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamicmilitant groups demandingindependence.
-Caveat Lector- thew wrote: -Caveat Lector- im not sure i see the similarity of the situations other than they both involve muslims as to the other arab nations, we know they are using the palestinians as a fist, and it serves them well to keep the palestinians as refugees the funny thing of course is that jordan is as much palestine as israel, but no one cries to return to amman, or the fact that the jordanians are keeping the palestinans away from self rule as well Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam More than 100,000 Palestinians have left to Jordan since the war began 10 months ago. Jordan has shut down its border with the West Bank. Jordan IS Palestine. It also has a 60% majority of Palestinians. But it is run by the Hashemites who were given Jordan to run after WWI as a reward for helping the Brits beat the Turks in Arabia. The current rulers are afraid of a Palestinian takeover which Arafat once tried to do. Hussein killed thousands of Arafat's men and threw the whole bunch out. That became known as Black September. If the Palestinians had any brains at all, they would start an Intifada against the Heshemites. At least they would have a real chance for capturing back their homeland. But nooo. They would rather start a holy war and lose yet again. Some people never learn. J2 NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 19:04:57 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [CTRL] Settlers being killed,kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demandingindependence. -Caveat Lector- thew wrote: -Caveat Lector- what does this have to do with Jews and/or Palestinians at all? I've spent time in Kashmir, and most of the people there have never heard of a Jew or Israeli or Palestinian. Pluralitas non est ponenda sine neccesitate William of Occam Similar situation. Selective choosing of ' bad guys ' . Jordan, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia expelled ( ethnically cleansed ) their entire Palestinian populations and there wasn't a peep out of the Left or the Liberals. Just a little hypocracy. I didn't want to let it slip by some of the concerned citizens. Joshua2 NEURONAUTIC INSTITUTE on-line: http://home.earthlink.net/~thew From: Nurev Ind. [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: Nurev Independent Research Reply-To: Conspiracy Theory Research List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Thu, 12 Jul 2001 08:55:07 -0400 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [CTRL] Settlers being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence. -Caveat Lector- Hmmmnnn... No Jews = no news. Isn't this ethnic cleansing? I've heard nothing from you about this situation? Where is the Palestinian moral outrage? Where is the Liberal outrage? Or are you all just full of it? Nurev Kashmir's evicted Hindu minority seeks its own homeland By HEMA SHUKLA Associated Press NEW DELHI, India (July 11, 2001 06:39 a.m. EDT) - Pinni Suri remembers the scene exactly - even though 11 years have passed. Dawn had just broken when two teenagers knocked on the front door of her home in the Kashmir Valley, where her Hindu ancestors had lived for centuries among the majority Muslims. Two minutes later, one of the young men shot Suri's husband in the chest. The attackers disappeared into the narrow lanes of Srinagar, Kashmir's summer capital. Muslim neighbors, watching from their window, turned away as she begged for help. They shot dead my husband on Aug. 1, 1990, and I left Srinagar the same day. I haven't gone back since, said Suri. An uncle of her husband was killed weeks later. It was a time of terrible fear among Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus indigenous to the beautiful Himalayan valley. They and Hindu settlers were being killed, kidnapped and robbed by Islamic militant groups demanding independence from India or to unite with Muslim-majority Pakistan. Between October 1989 and August 1990, some 350,000 Kashmiri Pandits fled and live mostly in squalid camps in Jammu, Kashmir's winter capital. Now as India prepares for a three-day summit starting Friday between Pakistan's Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Pandits are raising anew their demand for a homeland, which they say must be separate because of fears they will be targeted again. They wanted to Islamize Kashmir and they wanted us out. It was ethnic cleansing, said Ramesh Manavati, spokesman for Our Own Kashmir, an organization that says it represents more than
Re: [CTRL] Settlers
-Caveat Lector- On Thu, 7 Jan 1999, William Hugh Tunstall wrote: England was divided into four sorts of people: gentlemen, citizens, yeomen, and laborers. At the top of the social pile were the gentlemen (monarch, dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts and barons--who either inherited their exalted titles as the eldest male heirs of their families, or were granted them by the monarch). Below the gentlemen were the knights. In England, the mark of a gentleman was "idleness." And these 'gentlemen' comprised a goodly number of the first immigrants to the New World, especially to the southern colonies...usually minor aristocracy, especially those who were not the first-born, and hence were not in line to inherit the family estate...they thought they could make a quick fortune in the Americas, and return to England after a few years and live a life of rich idleness... One of the problems with these colonists is that they were too used to a life of 'idleness', and considered farming as 'beneath their station'... Below these aristocrats were the citizens or burgesses. Which for the most part were the class the Pilgrims came from...again, little experience actually living off the land, and with the same attitude that doing so was for those of the 'lower classes'... While forced to farm to survive in their first years in the New World, these colonies quickly established their own 'class' system, where those who were merchants and 'professionals' -- doctors, lawyers, etc. -- were considered 'better' than lowly farmers... Below them was the great mass of ordinary people who in the words of Sir Thomas Smith"[have] no voice nor authority in our commonwealth and no account is made of them but only to be ruled" (qtd. in Greenblatt 7). And few of these great masses had actual experience in living off the land, either...the majority being laborers, servants, etc. But Shakespeare's MACBETH (1606), Middleton's WITCH (1616) and Dekker's WITCH OF EDMONTON (1621) are testaments to the widespread fear of witchcraft in early modern England. And some of you wonder why your ancestors wanted to leave the Old World? Well, in the case of the Pilgrims, they thought that the Old World was TOO LIBERAL, and wanted to establish their own fanatical vision of "God's Word On Earth" in the 'untainted' New World...except those pesky pagan Indians got in the way... In the southern colonies, as I mentioned before, the INITIAL colonies were not of people of the lower classes who were starving, but fairly well-to-do people of the lower aristocracy and merchant classes, whose plans were, for the most part, NOT to live out their lives in the colonies, but to make a quick fortune and return to Mother England to live a life of ease... June === The melancholy days are come, the saddest of the year, Of wailing winds and naked woods, and meadows brown and sear. -- Wm. Cullen Bryant: The Death of the Flowers === *---* revcoal AT connix DOT com *---* It is UNLAWFUL to send unsolicited commercial email to this email address per United States Code Title 47 Sec. 227. I assess a fee of $500.00 US currency for reading and deleting such unsolicited commercial email. Sending such email to this address denotes acceptance of these terms. My posting messages to Usenet neither grants consent to receive unsolicited commercial email nor is intended to solicit commercial email. ** DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. Proselyzting propagandic screeds are not allowed. Substancenot soapboxing! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory', with its many half-truths, misdirections and outright frauds is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRL gives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credeence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://home.ease.lsoft.com/archives/CTRL.html http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
[CTRL] Settlers
-Caveat Lector- YnrChyldzWyld wrote: Just goes to show that white trash is still white trash, irregardless of their tax bracket... I suppose so... your remarks "go to show" that people who are unable to discuss things intelligently resort to name-calling... And for your information, your opinion of me is of no importance... I don't care what you think of me, not in the very least... If there was any indication that your beliefs were worthy of consideration, your opinion would be examined... but as it is... 'Semi-poverty' according to whose standard? Mine. Even the agrarian Indians for the most part enjoyed a much higher standard of living than most Europeans By who's standard? and the Inca, Maya, and Toltecs obviously enjoyed substantial wealth... They were not part of the discussion... They lived in Central America, I believe. Well, if the eastern mound-builders don't fit your arbitrary bill, what about the cities and the intricate canal networks the Maya and Inca created... I think its pretty snazzy My hat's off to them. They were better engineers that the ones we were talking about... who's engineering skills seemed limited to making dirt piles. what about the extensive irrigation system of the HoHoKums in Arizona? I am unaware of the HoHoKums, but if they built canals and irrigation systems, I give them credit for doing it Good for them. Actually, they probably wouldn't have...there had been nothing like it before, and the Iroquois system was the only thing they had to go by... If you say so... I'm not in the mood to speculate with you. However, I will point out that those fellows (the FF's) were capable of "Conceptual Thought," and I find it difficult to believe that they were so limited in "Perceptual Thought" that a "confederation" was inconceivable until they saw one. The initial immigrants in the 1600s either came here to plunder, with plans to return to England in a few years with a vast bank account...or they were religious fanatics looking to build their own version/vision of 'heaven on earth' in a new land... You learned that in school... right? Hawk DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. Proselyzting propagandic screeds are not allowed. Substancenot soapboxing! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory', with its many half-truths, misdirections and outright frauds is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRL gives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credeence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://home.ease.lsoft.com/archives/CTRL.html http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
Re: [CTRL] Settlers
-Caveat Lector- before, and the Iroquois system was the only thing they had to go by... If you say so... I'm not in the mood to speculate with you. However, I will point out that those fellows (the FF's) were capable of "Conceptual Thought," and I find it difficult to believe that they were so limited in "Perceptual Thought" that a "confederation" was inconceivable until they saw one. You DO seem to think the natives were so incapable of 'conceptual thought that they could not have possibly inspired anyone. I'll bet you're a big fan of the 'Bell Curve.' The initial immigrants in the 1600s either came here to plunder, with plans to return to England in a few years with a vast bank account...or they were religious fanatics looking to build their own version/vision of 'heaven on earth' in a new land... You learned that in school... right? Hawk In school, no such arguments that the pilgrims were anything but mighty, visionary adventurers was allowed. DECLARATION DISCLAIMER == CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. Proselyzting propagandic screeds are not allowed. Substancenot soapboxing! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory', with its many half-truths, misdirections and outright frauds is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRL gives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no credeence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply. Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector. Archives Available at: http://home.ease.lsoft.com/archives/CTRL.html http:[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ To subscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SUBSCRIBE CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] To UNsubscribe to Conspiracy Theory Research List[CTRL] send email: SIGNOFF CTRL [to:] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Om
Re: [CTRL] Settlers
-Caveat Lector- June is correct. Here is a description of life in "Merrie Old England." Life expectancy: "Life expectation at birth in early modern England was exceedingly low by our standards: under thirty years old, compared with over seventy today. Infant mortality rates were extraordinarily high, and it is estimated that in the pooorer parishes of London only about half the children survived to the age of fifteen" (Greenblatt 2). Disease: "The worst of these shocks was the bubonic plague, which ravaged England and particularly English towns, until the third quarter of the seventeenth century. In the year of Shakespeare's birth (1564), some 254 people died in Stratford-upon-Avon, out of a total population of 800. The year before, some 20,000 Londoners are thought to have died; in 1593, almost 15,000; in 1603, 36,000; OR OVER A SIXTH OF THE CITY'S INHABITANTS" (3). Wealth: During the sixteenth century, the textile industry was England's chief source of wealth. But there was a grim side to this wealth creation. Many acres of croplands were enclosed with fences by wealthy landowners, thus giving rise to food shortages and repeated riots (4). A Nation of Haves and Have-Nots: England was divided into four sorts of people: gentlemen, citizens, yeomen, and laborers. At the top of the social pile were the gentlemen (monarch, dukes, marquesses, earls, viscounts and barons--who either inherited their exalted titles as the eldest male heirs of their families, or were granted them by the monarch). Below the gentlemen were the knights. In England, the mark of a gentleman was "idleness." Below these aristocrats were the citizens or burgesses. Below them was the great mass of ordinary people who in the words of Sir Thomas Smith"[have] no voice nor authority in our commonwealth and no account is made of them but only to be ruled" (qtd. in Greenblatt 7). Riot and Disorder: Between 1581-1602, there were thirty five riots in the city of London alone (8). Protests against the enclosure movement led to mass executions in the English countryside. Imprisonment and torture awaited those who challenged aristocratic rule. Most of the rebellions were trigged by HUNGER and OPPRESSION (my italics) (9). Five thousand rebels participated in the Midland Revolt of 1607. Robert Wilkinson led the Leicestershire Revolt. These rebels, called themselves "Levelers" or "Diggers" who were interested in ending the oppressive British class system. Legal Status of Women: "When Sir Thomas Smith thinks of how he should describe his country's social order, he declares that 'we do reject women, as those whom nature hath made to keep home and to nourish their family and children, and not to meddle with matters abroad,nor to bear office in a city or commonwealth"(9). Women like children were to be seen but not heard. One of the preferred methods of correction of female "misbehavior" was the "cucking stool," a punishment reserved specifically for women. In 1600, these contraptions were to be found throughout British cities... A woman would be carted out to a pond by a rough procession of villagers, to be dunked in the water (10). Persecution of witches: Throughout the 1600s, England was subject to the witch craze. Witch trials had begun in England in the 1540s (29). Exactly how many helpless women were accused and executed during "the Burning Times" is not known. But Shakespeare's MACBETH (1606), Middleton's WITCH (1616) and Dekker's WITCH OF EDMONTON (1621) are testaments to the widespread fear of witchcraft in early modern England. And some of you wonder why your ancestors wanted to leave the Old World? Hobbes gave an excellent description of European life: "brutish, nasty and short." Greenblatt, Stephen. "Shakespeare's World" in THE NORTON SHAKESPEARE. New York: Norton, 1997. On Thu, 7 Jan 1999, YnrChyldzWyld wrote: -Caveat Lector- On Thu, 7 Jan 1999, Hawk wrote: I'm capable of framing that thought into words, IF that is what I was trying to say, which it wasn't. The whole idea that started this was mentioning that, in the 1500's, Indians in North America were -- for the most part -- living in tents and thatch huts, while the Northern European culture was building magnificent structures, paved roads, and so forth... Most Europeans in the 1500s were living in hovels...major European cities of the time were NOT replete with paved roads (except in the very central business district, and then only minimally)...there's a reason the bubonic plague ran rampant throughout Europe well into the 1600's... While some Native Americans lived in 'tents and thatch huts', so did a good number of Europeans...but many Indian tribes also built log homes, some lived in 'high-rise' pueblos built into cliffs, while others built substantial cities, replete with pyramids, paved roads, extensive canals used for transportation, etc. June ===
