Re: Problème DNS qui commence à me brouter.....

[Marc Naon]

Bonjour Vincent,

Tu peux m'en dire plus, je n'ai jamais fait.
(dans l'attente de ta réponse je vais chercher)
Merci

Unable to use upse123 on Debian 9 stable

[Farhad Mohammadi Majd]

Hello, I want to test/use upse123 on Debian 9 stable, but I am un-
successful, I tested all the options but the result was "Sound device
not available!" or there was no sound. Can you please help me? thanks.

There is no bug report about it.

==
upse123 is an advanced Playstation Sound Emulator which concentrates on
sound correctness. It plays PSF and MiniPSF format files. PSF files are
sound modules ripped from various PlayStation games and demos.

https://packages.debian.org/stretch/upse123
==

How to change the console font?

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

I used to be able to change the console font with a GUI program.
But I have forgotten how to do that. Console setup doesn't do it, I 
don't know what that does.


Can anybody help me out here?

Hugo (Sid)

No hibernate.

[Hugo Vanwoerkom]

I always hibernate my system but since the last upgrade when I do 
"systemctl hibernate" I get:


Failed to hibernate system via logind: Sleep verb not supported

How do I get hibernate back?

Hugo(Sid)

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[David Wright]

On Wed 27 Sep 2017 at 13:14:41 (-0400), Gene Heskett wrote:
[…]
> Here's what I found that worked after wiping the part table out:
> fdisk
> o
> w
> 
> which made and wrote an empty dos part table.
> then
> sfdisk /dev/sda
> , 1G
> , 8G
> ,
> write
> 
> Which made a 1G boot partition, an 8G destined to be swap, and the rest 
> destined to be an ext4 partition
> 
> mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1
> mkswap /dev/sda2
> mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3
> 
> then had apt install hdparm and busybox-static which hdparm needed.
> 
> hdparm's output
> root@rock64:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sda3
> 
> /dev/sda3:
>  Timing cached reads:   1106 MB in  2.00 seconds = 552.98 MB/sec
>  Timing buffered disk reads: 354 MB in  3.00 seconds = 117.93 MB/sec
> 
> So the alignment must be ok if it gives those speeds. OTOH, they are read 
> speeds too.  Thats where I am ATM.
> 
> The clue was in the sfdisk man page, it automatically works with the 
> disks native sector sizes when using the above syntax, where the comma 
> says start at the earliest AVAILABLE sector in each case. 

[…]

> The pi seems much happier now that it has an insane amount of rotating 
> swap, so thats next to setup on this rock64. Maybe the next person with 
> a similar problem will be helped by the above list of what I did.

Hopefully they will be using stretch / sfdisk≥2.26 if they use sfdisk
at all. Its man page on jessie (and earlier) looks horrific.
Glad you got it all sorted.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Re : origem do logo Debian

[Luiz L. Marins]

 
GnewSense, baseada em Whezzy.
testei a live e a conexão wi-fi funcionou de primeira.Em quarta-feira, 27 
de setembro de 2017 13:40:49 BRT, Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA 
 escreveu:  
 
 Le mercredi 27 septembre 2017 à 11:46 -0300, Gilberto F da Silva a
écrit :
> 
>  O que a Free Software Foundation recomenda como sistema
> operacional?

A FSF tem uma lista de distribuições livres, inclusive a Guix mas
incluindo também pelo menos uma derivada de Debian cujo nome agora me
escapa.


-- 
skype:leandro.gfc.dutra?chat      Yahoo!: ymsgr:sendIM?lgcdutra
+55 (61) 3546 7191              gTalk: xmpp:leand...@jabber.org
+55 (61) 9302 2691        ICQ/AIM: aim:GoIM?screenname=61287803
BRAZIL GMT−3  MSN: msnim:chat?contact=lean...@dutra.fastmail.fm

Re: there is gui but no login on console after boot

[davidson]

On Thu, 28 Sep 2017, david...@freevolt.org wrote:
[snip]

Thing 3:

If you don't want to wait for reboot, don't feel like making big plans
for the future, and just want a VT now, as root do something like

# systemctl enable getty@tty8.service


As I just discovered, the "enable" line above is actually the easy way
of doing Thing 2.

If you only want a one-off tty, the following "start" line is all you
need.


# systemctl start getty@tty8.service

and then Ctrl-Alt-F8.

Hope this helps.

Re: there is gui but no login on console after boot

[davidson]

On Tue, 26 Sep 2017, Tamas Hegedus wrote:


Hi,

Recently I have noticed that there is no login prompt on my consoles.
X11 starts and I can use my system (I can also start a gui console).

I have upgraded my system to Debian 9 and hoped to get this issue solved 
seamlessly. However, there is still no prompt.


It is unclear to me, from what you say, whether this problem arose
after the upgrade to stretch, or was also a problem in jessie, before
the upgrade.


Could you suggest how to debug such an issue?


Not me. Maybe somebody smart will chime in.

But until they do, I'll tell you 3 things I might try.


Thing 1:

There is some information of interest in the "Virtual Terminals"
section of this discussion:

 http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/serial-console.html

The last paragraph of that section says:

| Secondly, tty6 is especially reserved for auto-spawned gettys and
| unavailable to other subsystems such as X. This is done in order to
| ensure that there's always a way to get a text login, even if due to
| fast user switching X took possession of more than 5 VTs.

So you might check whether tty6, in particular, is available. Do
Ctrl-Alt-F6, and see if you get a login prompt.


Thing 2:

If that doesn't work, I wonder what files you see in
/etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/ ?

 $ ls /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants

You could ask systemd to, from now on, prepare some more VTs at boot
by soft-linking lib/systemd/system/getty@.service into that directory.

As root, to arrange for a VT on tty2, you could do...

 # DESTDIR=/etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants
 # ln -s /lib/systemd/system/getty\@.service $DESTDIR/getty\@tty2.service

...and so on, for tty3, tty4, etc...

 # ln -s /lib/systemd/system/getty\@.service $DESTDIR/getty\@tty3.service
 # ln -s /lib/systemd/system/getty\@.service $DESTDIR/getty\@tty4.service


Thing 3:

If you don't want to wait for reboot, don't feel like making big plans
for the future, and just want a VT now, as root do something like

 # systemctl enable getty@tty8.service
 # systemctl start getty@tty8.service

and then Ctrl-Alt-F8.

Hope this helps.

I googled and found only one possibility: something stays in the foreground 
at startup. But I do not find anything.


Thanks for your suggestions,
Tamas

Re: image created by debootstrap does not work

[慕 冬亮]

On 09/22/2017 04:02 PM, Reco wrote:
> 
>
>  Hi.
>
> On Fri, Sep 22, 2017 at 07:07:28PM +, 慕 冬亮 wrote:
>> qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-1-amd64 -hda
>> qemu-stretch.img -append "root=/dev/sda1 single"
One small problem I have modified, sda1 => sda.
There is no any partition in image file.
>>
>> However, the result shows that "VFS: unable to mount root fs".
> And that's exactly how it should be. I'm not sure about jessie's kernel,
> but stretch one has ext support built as a module (CONFIG_EXT4_FS=m).
>
> Meaning - if you want to boot from ext2/ext4 filesystem you'll need
> initrd. This qemu invocation does not supply one.
I tried the following command, that uses the default initrd in /boot, 
but dead loop "floopy error -5 while reading block 0"

qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-1-amd64 -initrd 
/boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-1-amd64 -hda qemu-stretch.img -append 
"root=/dev/sda single"

>
>> I learn the method from the following website:
>>
>> https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2017/01/16/setting-up-qemu-kvm-for-kernel-development/
> I'm genuinely surprised that such method worked for them.
I have learned how to use busybox as basic environment.
Is that any tutorial to show how to make debian debootstrap image as 
basic environment?
>
> Reco

-- 

My best regards to you.

  No System Is Safe!
  Dongliang Mu

Re: Re : origem do logo Debian

[Thiago C. F.]

A que eu sei é a gNewSense derivada do Debian.

Em 27 de setembro de 2017 12:40, Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA <
l...@dutras.org> escreveu:

> Le mercredi 27 septembre 2017 à 11:46 -0300, Gilberto F da Silva a
> écrit :
> >
> >   O que a Free Software Foundation recomenda como sistema
> > operacional?
>
> A FSF tem uma lista de distribuições livres, inclusive a Guix mas
> incluindo também pelo menos uma derivada de Debian cujo nome agora me
> escapa.
>
>
> --
> skype:leandro.gfc.dutra?chat  Yahoo!: ymsgr:sendIM?lgcdutra
> +55 (61) 3546 7191  gTalk: xmpp:leand...@jabber.org
> +55 (61) 9302 2691ICQ/AIM: aim:GoIM?screenname=61287803
> BRAZIL GMT−3  MSN: msnim:chat?contact=lean...@dutra.fastmail.fm
>
>


-- 
Thiago C. F.

Encontre o Que Precisar em Minha Loja Virtual:
*www.magazinevoce.com.br/magazinelojadothiagocf
*

Meu blog: https://investimentosenegocios.wordpress.com/

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Gene Heskett's parted wrote:
> > > Start? 163,840B
> > > End? 167,772,160B
> > > Error: The maximum head value is 254.

i wrote:
> > I think it takes the commas for a CHS addrss and the "772" for heads.
> >   https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/html_node/unit.html

> I don't recall that from the manpage, must need to up the marigold dose 
> which helps preserve a diabetics eyesight.

I do not find this explicitely in the description of parted command "unit".
But the printed numbers in the examples have no commas except the ones
from the "unit chs print" run. Others look like "120780".
Further it says
  "CHS and cylinder units are not supported as a suffix."
So there must be another way to specify them as input numbers.

This all surrounds a hole in the shape of two commas.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

RE: gnome 3 vnc

[Zoltán Herman]

Download x11vnc source from github and compile, change x11vnc binaries with
the compiled version.

2017. szept. 27. 16:27 ezt írta ( ):

> x11vnc does work to let me connect to my running session, but it crashes a
> lot.
>
>
>
> Is it possible to launch a gnome-session from tiger vnc server, as a
> second gnome session running on the same machine?
>
>
>
> *From:* Alexander V. Makartsev [mailto:avbe...@gmail.com]
> *Sent:* Wednesday, September 27, 2017 6:40 AM
> *To:* debian-user@lists.debian.org
> *Subject:* Re: gnome 3 vnc
>
>
>
> Yes. Package you need is "x11vnc". Be sure to connect to it using ssh
> tunnel with private\public keys for security.
> Good guide: http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/
>
> On 27.09.2017 08:49, j...@bluemarble.net wrote:
>
> Is there a way to launch a gnome 3 session in VNC while I'm still logged
>
> in on my console at home?
>
>
>
> I have an HTPC that I want to leave logged in all the time, but I want to
>
> be able to access it remotely. I'd like to use gnome 3 in both places. But
>
> if a gnome-session already exists, I can't find a way to launch a second
>
> one; it just crashes.
>
>
>
> Debian 9.1 Stretch 64-bit
>
>
>
> Thanks.
>
>
>
>
>

Re: OT - Where to Contribute Documentation?

[Brian]

On Tue 26 Sep 2017 at 14:32:08 -0500, Kent West wrote:

> I've written a couple of HOW-TO's (Debian-based kiosk; Pharos printing from
> Debian) for myself that I would have loved to have found before I had to
> figure things out for myself. Assuming there may be a few people out there
> interested in these niche applications, where should I offer them for
> publishing?

I don't know anything about kiosks but this looks like the sort
of topic which could be put on the wiki and usefully linked from
the Installation or System Administration sections.

Pharos printing? Is that this

  https://pharos.com/ ?

and this

  
http://kb.mit.edu/confluence/display/istcontrib/MIT+Pharos+Printing+Landing+Page
 ?

It looks really interesting (and complex). If the licence for it is
suitable and there are Debian packages, the wiki looks the place to
have it. I'd suggest a link to your page from

  https://wiki.debian.org/Printing

-- 
Brian.

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Cousin Stanley]

Gene Heskett wrote:

>  
> Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical sector size
> of any power of 2 ? 
> 
> gparted is out as this machine does not yet have an x server installed, 
> so I need a commandline tool.
>  

  Gene   

You might try the  cfdisk  partition tool  

# sudo cfdisk /dev/sda


  It is available on my rock64/4gb deb stretch minimal install,
  and although I've used it successfully on other debian machines
  I don't know about the sector size problem you posted about 
  


-- 
Stanley C. Kitching
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 13:25:06 Michael Stone wrote:

> On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 11:32:31AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> >Oh? The last time I used fdisk I wound up with writes under 15
> >megs/second, and read of about 21 megs/second. Fixed it so it was
> >aligned, and its now around 120 megs/second both ways.
>
> And that was presumably a very long time ago. Current tools just start
> the first partition at a large power of two offset and alignment
> issues consequently aren't a problem unless you work at it. (This was
> mainly only an issue with old DOS-style partition tables that started
> the first partition at 32256 bytes. The 1M first partition offset has
> been the default in debian I think since wheezy.)
>
> Mike Stone

Whatever I did do, seems to have worked, sfdisk to the rescue one could 
say. Its posted here in a previous post.  Now I have to bring at least 
the swap online.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 12:03:12 Thomas Schmitt wrote:

> Hi,
>
> Gene Heskett's parted wrote:
> > Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
>
> Wasn't that 2048 bytes per physical sector, last time ?

yes, thats the figures quote elsewhere here, which came from the 
discovery stanza in dmesg when I plugged it into a usb3 port on the 
rock64.  Thats a direct copy/paste from the rock64's screen.

One of the reasons I'm getting old & grey, can't be the almost 83 
years. ;-)
>
> > Start? 163,840B
> > End? 167,772,160B
> > Error: The maximum head value is 254.
> > WTH? I didn't tell it heads,
>
> I think it takes the commas for a CHS addrss and the "772" for heads.

I don't recall that from the manpage, must need to up the marigold dose 
which helps preserve a diabetics eyesight.
 
> See in
>   https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/html_node/unit.html
> the example
>   (parted) unit chs print
>   Disk geometry for /dev/hda: 0,0,0 - 14946,225,62
>
> > So what sort of figures does it need to be happy?
>
> Without commas ?
>
> > (parted) mkpart primary fat32 8MiB 210MiB
> > Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best
> > performance.
>
> Show due human backbone and override the warning.
> It probably thinks of cylinders or maybe of the 32 MiB which fdisk
> reports as "optimal".
>
> > Looking at fdisks initial screen, it claims the physical sector is
> > 4096?
>
> That's what parted says above.
>
> > I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 33553920 bytes
>
> 32 MiB ? I wonder what kind of i/o that would be.
>
> 1 MiB as partition start is modern tradition and said to be ok
> for about everything.
>
>
> Have a nice day :)
>
> Thomas


Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Michael Stone]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 11:32:31AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:

Oh? The last time I used fdisk I wound up with writes under 15
megs/second, and read of about 21 megs/second. Fixed it so it was
aligned, and its now around 120 megs/second both ways.


And that was presumably a very long time ago. Current tools just start 
the first partition at a large power of two offset and alignment issues 
consequently aren't a problem unless you work at it. (This was mainly 
only an issue with old DOS-style partition tables that started the first 
partition at 32256 bytes. The 1M first partition offset has been the 
default in debian I think since wheezy.)


Mike Stone

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 11:28:53 Pascal Hambourg wrote:

> Le 27/09/2017 à 16:43, Gene Heskett a écrit :
> > Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of
> > the 1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?
>
> None.
> That space is not used in EFI setups. Instead the bootloaders are in a
> regular EFI partition.

I see that now on the sdcard this rock64 is booting from. 'nother memo I 
missed. :(

Thanks Pascal.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 10:57:24 Roberto C. Sánchez wrote:

> On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 10:43:29AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > On Wednesday 27 September 2017 08:46:30 Roberto C. Sánchez wrote:
> > > On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 08:42:08AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > > > Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical
> > > > sector size of any power of 2? gparted is out as this machine
> > > > does not yet have an x server installed, so I need a commandline
> > > > tool.
> > > >
> > > > Suggestions will be investigated, thank you.
> > >
> > > You don't mention which tool(s) you've already attempted, but have
> > > you looked at parted?
> >
> > parted and fdisk, parted was I think mentioned in what you snipped, 
> > but fdisk doesn't know how to even check alignment. (that I know of)
> > The last time I used fdisk I got write rates under 15 megs/second on
> > a sata-ii interface. I backed it up and fixed it with gparted and
> > its now doing about 120 megs/second.
>
> You mentioned gparted, which is a graphical version of parted.  Since
> gparted worked for you, I figured the non-graphical parted might do
> what you need.  Personally, I have had good success specifying
> arbitrary geometries with parted from the command-line.
>
> > Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of
> > the 1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?  Or
> > is there even a rule of thumb about that?
>
> I thought only 1 MB was needed before the first partition, but I
> haven't messed with efi much.
>
> > Thanks Roberto.
>
> No problem.
>
> Regards,
>
> -Roberto

Here's what I found that worked after wiping the part table out:
fdisk
o
w

which made and wrote an empty dos part table.
then
sfdisk /dev/sda
, 1G
, 8G
,
write

Which made a 1G boot partition, an 8G destined to be swap, and the rest 
destined to be an ext4 partition

mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1
mkswap /dev/sda2
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3

then had apt install hdparm and busybox-static which hdparm needed.

hdparm's output
root@rock64:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sda3

/dev/sda3:
 Timing cached reads:   1106 MB in  2.00 seconds = 552.98 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 354 MB in  3.00 seconds = 117.93 MB/sec

So the alignment must be ok if it gives those speeds. OTOH, they are read 
speeds too.  Thats where I am ATM.

The clue was in the sfdisk man page, it automatically works with the 
disks native sector sizes when using the above syntax, where the comma 
says start at the earliest AVAILABLE sector in each case. 

And this is totally crazy, I had about 6 terminal-4.8 sessions going on 
workspaces 1,2,3,5 & 6, each with multiple tabs, each tab logged into 
one of my other machines, and they all just up and disappeared while I'm 
writing this.  And while it took about 10 minutes to restart the first 2 
workspaces, (the command history was gone too) everything worked except 
I had to accept a new ssh key from the rock64 I'm doing all this to. 94 
days uptime here, might be time to reboot this old beast.  Humm, 
~/bin/mailwatcher, a bashy I wrote many years ago, which automates 
feeding the fetchmail/procmail output into kmail, had also left w/o 
saying goodby. I wonder what else will turn up missing.

The pi seems much happier now that it has an insane amount of rotating 
swap, so thats next to setup on this rock64. Maybe the next person with 
a similar problem will be helped by the above list of what I did.

Thanks Roberto.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: Restore backup to KVM

[solitone]

On 27/09/17 14:01, solitone wrote:
Although mkfs had warned me, I mistakenly formatted the entire file, 
like this:


$ sudo mkfs.ext4 restore.img

Now I've redone it the right way, using a loop device, and I'll see how 
it goes.


It's a struggle! Now that I partitioned the image file, it sees 
/dev/sda1. There was an inconsistency between the filesystem size and 
the physical size of the device though, that I repaired with resize2fs, 
specifying the physical number of blocks.


Now it finally mounts /dev/sda1, but on /root rather than on /, as it 
did before with the unpartitioned image file (/dev/sda):


==
Begin: Will now check root file system ... fsck from util-linux 2.29.2
[/sbin/fsck.ext4 (1) -- /dev/sda1] fsck.ext4 -a -C0 /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: clean, 434181/5898240 files, 15163981/23592711 blocks
done.
[   33.088863] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data 
mode. Opts: (null)

done.
Begin: Running /scripts/local-bottom ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/init-bottom ... mount: mounting /dev on 
/root/dev failed: No such file or directory

mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory
done.
mount: mounting /run on /root/run failed: No such file or directory
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
Target filesystem doesn't have requested /bin/bash.
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
run-init: opening console: No such file or directory
No init found. Try passing init= bootarg.


BusyBox v1.22.1 (Debian 1:1.22.0-19+b3) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

(initramfs) df
Filesystem   1K-blocks  Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 46448 0 46448   0% /dev
tmpfs1168460 11624   1% /run
/dev/sda1 92365508  58650588  2898  67% /root
(initramfs)
==

Re: image created by debootstrap does not work

[Reco]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 04:32:34PM +, 慕 冬亮 wrote:
> 
> 
> On 09/22/2017 04:02 PM, Reco wrote:
> > 
> >
> >  Hi.
> >
> > On Fri, Sep 22, 2017 at 07:07:28PM +, 慕 冬亮 wrote:
> >> qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-1-amd64 -hda
> >> qemu-stretch.img -append "root=/dev/sda1 single"
> One small problem I have modified, sda1 => sda.
> There is no any partition in image file.
> >>
> >> However, the result shows that "VFS: unable to mount root fs".
> > And that's exactly how it should be. I'm not sure about jessie's kernel,
> > but stretch one has ext support built as a module (CONFIG_EXT4_FS=m).
> >
> > Meaning - if you want to boot from ext2/ext4 filesystem you'll need
> > initrd. This qemu invocation does not supply one.
> I tried the following command, that uses the default initrd in /boot, 
> but dead loop "floopy error -5 while reading block 0"
> 
> qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-1-amd64 -initrd 
> /boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-1-amd64 -hda qemu-stretch.img -append 
> "root=/dev/sda single"

There is other thread at this mailllist that also shows some curious
breakage of stock Debian initrd if it's forced to boot from
non-partitioned drive.

My gut feeling is you can not force it to work unless you rebuild
initrd.


> >> I learn the method from the following website:
> >>
> >> https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2017/01/16/setting-up-qemu-kvm-for-kernel-development/
> > I'm genuinely surprised that such method worked for them.
> I have learned how to use busybox as basic environment.
> Is that any tutorial to show how to make debian debootstrap image as 
> basic environment?

apt-get install vmdebootstrap

man vmdebootstrap -- search for SYNOPSIS

Reco

Re : origem do logo Debian

[Leandro Guimarães Faria Corcete DUTRA]

Le mercredi 27 septembre 2017 à 11:46 -0300, Gilberto F da Silva a
écrit :
> 
>   O que a Free Software Foundation recomenda como sistema
> operacional?

A FSF tem uma lista de distribuições livres, inclusive a Guix mas
incluindo também pelo menos uma derivada de Debian cujo nome agora me
escapa.


-- 
skype:leandro.gfc.dutra?chat  Yahoo!: ymsgr:sendIM?lgcdutra
+55 (61) 3546 7191  gTalk: xmpp:leand...@jabber.org
+55 (61) 9302 2691ICQ/AIM: aim:GoIM?screenname=61287803
BRAZIL GMT−3  MSN: msnim:chat?contact=lean...@dutra.fastmail.fm

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[David Wright]

On Wed 27 Sep 2017 at 11:32:31 (-0400), Gene Heskett wrote:
> On Wednesday 27 September 2017 09:09:26 Pascal Hambourg wrote:
> 
> > Le 27/09/2017 à 14:42, Gene Heskett a écrit :
> > > [ 2404.664052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525167 512-byte logical blocks:
> > > (1.00 TB/932 GiB)
> > > [ 2404.676277] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2048-byte physical blocks
> > >
> > > But I've now spent several hours trying to put the 1st of 3
> > > partitions on it with figures that satisfy parted's align-check,
> > > including calculation of values that result in mod(2048)=0. Nothing
> > > seems to satisfy parted.
> >
> > Can you elaborate ? You description is vague, and we cannot see what's
> > on your screen.
> >
> > Don't bother with alignment. Modern partitioners' default alignement
> > is suitable for all drives.
> 
> Oh? The last time I used fdisk I wound up with writes under 15 
> megs/second, and read of about 21 megs/second. Fixed it so it was 
> aligned, and its now around 120 megs/second both ways.
> 
> You said you can't see, so here's an attempt to use byte values that are 
> all mod(2048)=0
> 
> root@rock64:~# parted /dev/sda
> GNU Parted 3.2
> Using /dev/sda
> Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
> (parted) print
> Model: Seagate BUP Slim BK (scsi)
> Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
> Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
> Partition Table: msdos
> Disk Flags: 
> 
> Number  Start  End  Size  Type  File system  Flags
> 
> (parted) mkpart primary fat32 
> Start? 163,840B   
> End? 167,772,160B 
> Error: The maximum head value is 254.
> 
> WTH? I didn't tell it heads, I gave it bytes and each value was a power 
> of 2 multiple of 2048, which should have made a fat32 partition of 
> around 167 megabytes.
> 
>
> So what sort of figures does it need to be happy?

Um, numbers without commas in them (which is locale-sensitive anyway).
I've seen (and myself put) commas in output, but never in input.

And at the _very_ least use sectors, not bytes.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Can't find the DNS Servers

[Reco]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 10:16:20PM +1300, Richard Hector wrote:
> On 26/09/17 19:50, Reco wrote:
> > Please post these things from the problematic PC:
> > 
> > ip a l
> > 
> > ip ro l
> 
> Can I make a request? When giving example commands, can you give them in
> full, rather than abbreviated?

Sure,

ip address list

ip route list


> I believe 'a' and 'ro' are 'address' and 'route' respectively,

Yep.

> but 'l'
> is a bit harder to find - not in the result of "ip address help",
> anyway. 'list' perhaps? Which I think is the default anyway?

It's 'list' indeed. 'ip a l' is a personal habit.


> I believe anyone who knows the short versions will know the long ones,
> and those who don't won't have to go digging up the manpages to
> understand what's going on :-)

I've requested these commands as I suspect that current IPv4 routing of
that host prevents it to talk to configured DNSes.

Of course, it might as well be:

1) Misconfigured 'nat' netfilter table (libvirt can do some strange
things in this regard for instance).

2) Misconfigured 'filter' netfilter table (iptables are teh hard
sometimes).

3) Misconfigured 'mangle' netfilter table (forced UDP checksumming for
no good reason).

4) Misconfigured IPv6.

5) All those martian green men that wish evil to us all.

But in cases like this I like to search for simple explanation first,
and proceed to complex ones after.


PS I agree that iproute's manpages have a great improvement potential.
Speaking lightly ☺.

Reco

Re: Stretch installation: thumb drive recognized as /dev/sda

[David Wright]

I've assumed the OP is not subscribed to the list.

On Wed 06 Sep 2017 at 16:07:55 (+0300), gentoo...@runbox.com wrote:
> I installed Stretch on my Thinkpad from a USB flash drive. Only after the
> installation, during the first boot did I notice that something was wrong. 
> GRUB
> failed to load the kernel and after a short diagnosis I learned that for some
> reason, the Debian installer saw my USB thumb drive as /dev/sda and the SSD as
> /deb/sdb. This caused GRUB config to be wrong when I removed the flash drive
> after installation.
> 
> I did some testing and apparently, if I booted the Debian installer from my
> Thinkpad X220's only USB3 port[1], it would be recognized as /dev/sda, and if 
> I
> used a USB2 port, it would be /dev/sdb.

This forms a nice counter-example to those here who maintain that
this doesn't/shouldn't happen. Or perhaps they will blame "defects"
of some sort.

> Doesn't the Debian Installer/GRUB not use UUID?

Yes, both in grub.cfg and fstab, as you can check on your successful
installation. The last comment line in fstab also gives the /dev
name of the root filesystem at installation time.

> What caused the problem here?
> I've never experienced such a fail before or since but it did cause some
> confusion and made me reinstall.

Having reinstalled already, it might be difficult to prove a cause.
In view of the fact that the SSD's being labelled /dev/sdb took you
unawares, perhaps a possible explanation is in this screen:

  ┌───┤ [!] Install the GRUB boot loader on a hard disk 
├───┐
  │ 
│
  │ You need to make the newly installed system bootable, by installing the 
GRUB│
  │ boot loader on a bootable device. The usual way to do this is to install 
GRUB   │
  │ on the master boot record of your first hard drive. If you prefer, you can  
│
  │ install GRUB elsewhere on the drive, or to another drive, or even to a  
│
  │ floppy. 
│
  │ 
│
  │ Device for boot loader installation:
│
  │ 
│
  │   Enter device manually 
│
  │   /dev/sda  (usb-tweedledum)
│
  │   /dev/sdb  (ata-tweedledee)
│
  │ 
│
  │
│
  │ 
│
  
└─┘

As a user of "expert install" myself, I don't know if you saw this
screen, but it might be easy to accidently type /dev/sda in response
on the first occasion you see it. This could then leave an out-of-date
Grub configuration (or anything else) in place on /dev/sdb.

Cheers,
David.

Re: origem do logo Debian

[Thiago C. F.]

Recomenda algumas em seu site, menos o Debian, mesmo em sua versão padrão,
que é o main, ser SL, só porque permite que o usuário instalar os firmwares
necessários para uma funcionalidade essencial através dos repositórios
contrib (eu acho) e non-free.

Mas... pode ser também que funcione completamente uma distro recomendada da
FSF. Nada contra. Como também talvez não consiga instalar o firmware
necessário para rodar em sua máquina.

Em 27 de setembro de 2017 10:46, Gilberto F da Silva 
escreveu:

> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
>
> On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 05:54:45PM +0200, Helio Loureiro wrote:
> > http://helio.loureiro.eng.br/index.php/debian/269-sabia-
> que-o-logo-do-debian-podia-ter-sido-uma-formiga
> >
> > O logo do Debian era um piguim estilizado que eu particularmente gostava.
> > A proposta de mudança do logo foi pelo motivo de ter se tornado uma
> distro
> > mais GNU que Linux, podendo rodar Hurd e kFreeBSD.  Nessa época o
> Stallman
> > tinha prazer de dizer que Debian era a única distro realmente GNU.
> >
> > Por ironia, a maior parte do trabalho feito no Debian pra tornar o
> sistema
> > desacoplado entre binários, bibliotecas e kernel foi o que possibilitou
> > rodar Linux sem GNU depois.  Por mais ironia ainda, com systemd o Debian
> > matou Hurd e kFreeBSD, que não tem cgroups pra rodar com o mesmo.  Ian
> deve
> > ter se revirado no túmulo quando escolheram o systemd.  Ou quando a FSF
> não
> > adicionou o Debian na lista de distros recomendadas.
>
>   O que a Free Software Foundation recomenda como sistema operacional?
>
> - --
>
> Gilberto F da Silva - gfs1...@mandic.com.br - ICQ 136.782.571
> Stela dato:2.458.024,114  Loka tempo:2017-09-27 11:44:27 Merkredo
> - -==-
> A filosofia é composta de respostas incompreensíveis para questões
> insolúveis.
> -- Henry B. Adams, historiador americano
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v1
> Comment: +-+
> Comment: !   Gilberto F da Silva - ICQ 136.782.571 !
> Comment: !   gfs1...@mandic.com.br - Slackware 14.2 64 bits!
> Comment: +-+
>
> iEYEARECAAYFAlnLucsACgkQJxugWtMhGw6uBgCfYiALzFZxVFFs2c2iMW0mR2VZ
> 11wAnjLhwafSC8ecsB8SZailOrdk98+P
> =dbKQ
> -END PGP SIGNATURE-
>
>


-- 
Thiago C. F.

Encontre o Que Precisar em Minha Loja Virtual:
*www.magazinevoce.com.br/magazinelojadothiagocf
*

Meu blog: https://investimentosenegocios.wordpress.com/

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Gene Heskett's parted wrote:
> Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B

Wasn't that 2048 bytes per physical sector, last time ?


> Start? 163,840B   
> End? 167,772,160B 
> Error: The maximum head value is 254.
> WTH? I didn't tell it heads,

I think it takes the commas for a CHS addrss and the "772" for heads.

See in
  https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/html_node/unit.html
the example
  (parted) unit chs print
  Disk geometry for /dev/hda: 0,0,0 - 14946,225,62


> So what sort of figures does it need to be happy?

Without commas ?


> (parted) mkpart primary fat32 8MiB 210MiB
> Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
> performance.

Show due human backbone and override the warning.
It probably thinks of cylinders or maybe of the 32 MiB which fdisk
reports as "optimal".


> Looking at fdisks initial screen, it claims the physical sector is 4096?

That's what parted says above.

> I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 33553920 bytes

32 MiB ? I wonder what kind of i/o that would be.

1 MiB as partition start is modern tradition and said to be ok
for about everything.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: How to Turn Off Autodiscovered Printers in Firefox?

[Brian]

On Wed 27 Sep 2017 at 14:46:22 +, Curt wrote:

> On 2017-09-27, Brian  wrote:
> >> 
> >> When I tried this, it solved my problem, and I don't notice any delay
> >> issues.
> >
> > Users of Qt apps, command line utilities and LibreOffice would not be
> > overjoyed by having their printing experience severely degraded. There
> > might also be other drawbacks to dbus deactivation. The issue with an
> > "anonymous joe" is the lack of any detail, explanation or testing
> > reports.
> 
> Well Joe(s) said:
> 
>  The cups client libraries now also get a list of network printers from Avahi.
>  In older versions of cups, this was only done by the cups server.

Ok.

>  This is now done in the client-side cups libraries (ie libcups.so, 
>  which GNOME and KDE apps link against) and not in the cupsd server. 
>  So changing the "Browse" settings in the cups server won't work.

Ok.
 
>  $ ldd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcups.so.2
>  ...
>  libavahi-common.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavahi-common.so.3
>  libavahi-client.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavahi-client.so.3
> 
>  IE this behaviour (of showing remote printers in the Print dialog box) 
> happens
>  even if you turn off your local cups server. You can disable it by turning 
> off
>  the avahi service, but that will disable all zeroconf/mdns related
>  functionality.

Your first point applies only to GTK applications, not to Qt and command
line applications and LibreOffice. They need cups-browsed. The second
point is swings and roundabouts; at least until GTK and/or GNOME gets
its act together. [1]
 
>  However, there is at least a way to turn off most of avahi's functionality
>  (including adding remote printers into the CUPS clients) while keeping the 
> DNS
>  functionality (eg when looking up foo.local-style host names):
>  edit /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf and in the [server] section, add
>  enable-dbus=no then restart the avahi-daemon service.

I've not disagreed with that, only with the idea it is a wise thing to
do. Most printing operations are user controlled; the intervention of
the superuser is rarely needed. This change to avahi-daemon.conf affects
those not relying on GTK. There would be a riot here if all users lost
access to remote printers for the sake of one user not wanting to see
them in one application.
 
> I guess that's all the explanation we're going to get. As for testing, the OP
> tested and said it solved his problem. I'm sorry the solution wasn't up to 
> your
> high standards, but I did my best.
> 
> ;-)

I also tested. It worked insofar as remote printers were not present in
the Firefox print dialog but lpstat, loptions etc took ages to display
an output. That is the third drawback to the "solution" I've pointed
out.

[1] LP #1379359
  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gtk+3.0/+bug/1379359
leads to
  
https://launchpad.net/~roman-shipovskij/+archive/ubuntu/gtk+3.0-withoutavahiprinters

-- 
Brian.

Re: How to Turn Off Autodiscovered Printers in Firefox?

[Kent West]

Thanks for the explanations, y'all! I've learned a lot.

(My situation is on a kiosk, so limiting the users isn't an issue, so long
as what the kiosk is designed to do, it does. It does. Thanks!

-- 
Kent West<")))><
Westing Peacefully - http://kentwest.blogspot.com

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 09:09:26 Pascal Hambourg wrote:

> Le 27/09/2017 à 14:42, Gene Heskett a écrit :
> > [ 2404.664052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525167 512-byte logical blocks:
> > (1.00 TB/932 GiB)
> > [ 2404.676277] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2048-byte physical blocks
> >
> > But I've now spent several hours trying to put the 1st of 3
> > partitions on it with figures that satisfy parted's align-check,
> > including calculation of values that result in mod(2048)=0. Nothing
> > seems to satisfy parted.
>
> Can you elaborate ? You description is vague, and we cannot see what's
> on your screen.
>
> Don't bother with alignment. Modern partitioners' default alignement
> is suitable for all drives.

Oh? The last time I used fdisk I wound up with writes under 15 
megs/second, and read of about 21 megs/second. Fixed it so it was 
aligned, and its now around 120 megs/second both ways.

You said you can't see, so here's an attempt to use byte values that are 
all mod(2048)=0

root@rock64:~# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: Seagate BUP Slim BK (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start  End  Size  Type  File system  Flags

(parted) mkpart primary fat32 
Start? 163,840B   
End? 167,772,160B 
Error: The maximum head value is 254.

WTH? I didn't tell it heads, I gave it bytes and each value was a power 
of 2 multiple of 2048, which should have made a fat32 partition of 
around 167 megabytes.

   
So what sort of figures does it need to be happy?
The help screen does not define UNITS, but the manpage does, sorta.

 unit unit
 Set unit as the unit to use when displaying 
locations and sizes, and for interpreting those given by the user when 
not suffixed with an
 explicit unit.  unit can be one of "s" 
(sectors), "B" (bytes), "kB", "MB", "MiB", "GB", "GiB", "TB", "TiB", "%" 
(percentage  of  device
 size), "cyl" (cylinders), "chs" (cylinders, heads, 
sectors), or "compact" (megabytes for input, and a human-friendly form 
for output).

confusing, ain't it? call it up, attempt to set units gets help screen. 
enter units at prompt, accepts MiB.

So next attempt:
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 8MiB 210MiB
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
performance.
Ignore/Cancel? c  
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 8MiB 192MiB 
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
performance.
Ignore/Cancel? c  
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 4MiB 192MiB 
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
performance.
Ignore/Cancel? c  
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 4MB 192MB 
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
performance.
Ignore/Cancel? c  
(parted) mkpart primary fat32 2MiB 192MiB 
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best 
performance.

Its an endless loop.  How can I make a broken for a 2048 byte sector 
partitioner actually work?

Looking at fdisks initial screen, it claims the physical sector is 4096?
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204885504 bytes, 1953525167 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 33553920 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x892f63c8

Now I am truly confused. But I see fdisk has grown some more knobs too, 
so I'll play a bit.

Applicable hints appreciated, Pascal, thanks.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Pascal Hambourg]

Le 27/09/2017 à 16:43, Gene Heskett a écrit :


Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of the
1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?


None.
That space is not used in EFI setups. Instead the bootloaders are in a 
regular EFI partition.

Re: Finding the appropriate manpage [Re: Can't find the DNS Servers]

[Curt]

On 2017-09-27, Lck Ras  wrote:
> On 09/27/2017 06:16 AM, Don Armstrong wrote:
>> In almost every case, if you don't know the right man page, apropos (or
>> man -k) will help you find it. If that's not good enough, man -K
>> dhclient will eventually find all of them.
>> 
>> dhclient (8) - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Client
>> dhclient-script (8)  - DHCP client network configuration script
>> dhclient.conf (5)- DHCP client configuration file
>> dhclient.leases (5)  - DHCP client lease database
>
> Plus the dhclient(8) manpage lists other related manuals in its SEE ALSO
> section:
>
> SEE ALSO
>dhcpd(8),  dhcrelay(8),  dhclient-script(8),  dhclient.conf(5),
>dhclient.leases(5), dhcp-eval(5).
>

Plus there is a new thing in town called the Internet, an extensive
respository of searchable knowledge (as well as invidious horseshit).

I put 'dhclient resolv.conf' into the Evil Search Engine (TM) and the very
first hit spoke of the very dhclient-script hookerino suggested by D.
Armstrong.

For kicks, I just put the following search terms in the search engine
mentioned above, in plain English:

 how do you prevent dhclient from modifying resolv.conf

First hit, third post in the thread, D. Armstrong's hookerino:

https://www.centos.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=24741

Put me down as unconvinced (by anything--I know, I know, this has
nothing to do with man pages, but if 'they' can change the subject in
mid-stream, why can't I--though I didn't, I mean up there)?



-- 
"A simpering Bambi narcissist and a thieving, fanatical Albanian dwarf."
Christopher Hitchens, commenting shortly after the nearly concurrent deaths 
of Lady Diana and Mother Theresa.

Re: origem do logo Debian

[Gilberto F da Silva]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 05:54:45PM +0200, Helio Loureiro wrote:
> http://helio.loureiro.eng.br/index.php/debian/269-sabia-que-o-logo-do-debian-podia-ter-sido-uma-formiga
> 
> O logo do Debian era um piguim estilizado que eu particularmente gostava.
> A proposta de mudança do logo foi pelo motivo de ter se tornado uma distro
> mais GNU que Linux, podendo rodar Hurd e kFreeBSD.  Nessa época o Stallman
> tinha prazer de dizer que Debian era a única distro realmente GNU.
> 
> Por ironia, a maior parte do trabalho feito no Debian pra tornar o sistema
> desacoplado entre binários, bibliotecas e kernel foi o que possibilitou
> rodar Linux sem GNU depois.  Por mais ironia ainda, com systemd o Debian
> matou Hurd e kFreeBSD, que não tem cgroups pra rodar com o mesmo.  Ian deve
> ter se revirado no túmulo quando escolheram o systemd.  Ou quando a FSF não
> adicionou o Debian na lista de distros recomendadas.

  O que a Free Software Foundation recomenda como sistema operacional?
  
- -- 

Gilberto F da Silva - gfs1...@mandic.com.br - ICQ 136.782.571
Stela dato:2.458.024,114  Loka tempo:2017-09-27 11:44:27 Merkredo 
- -==-
A filosofia é composta de respostas incompreensíveis para questões 
insolúveis.
-- Henry B. Adams, historiador americano
-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
Version: GnuPG v1
Comment: +-+
Comment: !   Gilberto F da Silva - ICQ 136.782.571 !
Comment: !   gfs1...@mandic.com.br - Slackware 14.2 64 bits!
Comment: +-+

iEYEARECAAYFAlnLucsACgkQJxugWtMhGw6uBgCfYiALzFZxVFFs2c2iMW0mR2VZ
11wAnjLhwafSC8ecsB8SZailOrdk98+P
=dbKQ
-END PGP SIGNATURE-

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Michael Stone]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 10:43:29AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:

Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of the
1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?  Or is
there even a rule of thumb about that?


You're overthinking this. The defaults should work fine. If you use the 
defaults and there's an issue, *then* there's something to talk about.


Mike Stone

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Roberto C . Sánchez]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 10:43:29AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> On Wednesday 27 September 2017 08:46:30 Roberto C. Sánchez wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 08:42:08AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > > Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical sector
> > > size of any power of 2? gparted is out as this machine does not yet
> > > have an x server installed, so I need a commandline tool.
> > >
> > > Suggestions will be investigated, thank you.
> >
> > You don't mention which tool(s) you've already attempted, but have you
> > looked at parted?
> >
> parted and fdisk, parted was I think mentioned in what you snipped,  but 
> fdisk doesn't know how to even check alignment. (that I know of) The 
> last time I used fdisk I got write rates under 15 megs/second on a 
> sata-ii interface. I backed it up and fixed it with gparted and its now 
> doing about 120 megs/second.
> 
You mentioned gparted, which is a graphical version of parted.  Since
gparted worked for you, I figured the non-graphical parted might do what
you need.  Personally, I have had good success specifying arbitrary
geometries with parted from the command-line.

> Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of the 
> 1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?  Or is 
> there even a rule of thumb about that?
> 
I thought only 1 MB was needed before the first partition, but I haven't
messed with efi much.

> Thanks Roberto.
> 
No problem.

Regards,

-Roberto

-- 
Roberto C. Sánchez

Re: How to Turn Off Autodiscovered Printers in Firefox?

[Curt]

On 2017-09-27, Brian  wrote:
>> 
>> When I tried this, it solved my problem, and I don't notice any delay
>> issues.
>
> Users of Qt apps, command line utilities and LibreOffice would not be
> overjoyed by having their printing experience severely degraded. There
> might also be other drawbacks to dbus deactivation. The issue with an
> "anonymous joe" is the lack of any detail, explanation or testing
> reports.

Well Joe(s) said:

 The cups client libraries now also get a list of network printers from Avahi.
 In older versions of cups, this was only done by the cups server.

 This is now done in the client-side cups libraries (ie libcups.so, 
 which GNOME and KDE apps link against) and not in the cupsd server. 
 So changing the "Browse" settings in the cups server won't work.

 $ ldd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcups.so.2
 ...
 libavahi-common.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavahi-common.so.3
 libavahi-client.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavahi-client.so.3

 IE this behaviour (of showing remote printers in the Print dialog box) happens
 even if you turn off your local cups server. You can disable it by turning off
 the avahi service, but that will disable all zeroconf/mdns related
 functionality.

 However, there is at least a way to turn off most of avahi's functionality
 (including adding remote printers into the CUPS clients) while keeping the DNS
 functionality (eg when looking up foo.local-style host names):
 edit /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf and in the [server] section, add
 enable-dbus=no then restart the avahi-daemon service.

I guess that's all the explanation we're going to get. As for testing, the OP
tested and said it solved his problem. I'm sorry the solution wasn't up to your
high standards, but I did my best.

;-)

 

> Try: in settings.ini have 'gtk-print-backends=file,lpr'. Print from the
> dialog with 'lp -d '.
>
> In the end it depends on what you and your users can live with.
>


-- 
"A simpering Bambi narcissist and a thieving, fanatical Albanian dwarf."
Christopher Hitchens, commenting shortly after the nearly concurrent deaths 
of Lady Diana and Mother Theresa.

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

On Wednesday 27 September 2017 08:46:30 Roberto C. Sánchez wrote:

> On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 08:42:08AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical sector
> > size of any power of 2? gparted is out as this machine does not yet
> > have an x server installed, so I need a commandline tool.
> >
> > Suggestions will be investigated, thank you.
>
> You don't mention which tool(s) you've already attempted, but have you
> looked at parted?
>
parted and fdisk, parted was I think mentioned in what you snipped,  but 
fdisk doesn't know how to even check alignment. (that I know of) The 
last time I used fdisk I got write rates under 15 megs/second on a 
sata-ii interface. I backed it up and fixed it with gparted and its now 
doing about 120 megs/second.

Secondary question. On efi setups, how much blank space in front of the 
1st partition is needed for that stuff on a terrabyte drive?  Or is 
there even a rule of thumb about that?

Thanks Roberto.

> Regards,
>
> -Roberto


Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

RE: gnome 3 vnc

[john]

x11vnc does work to let me connect to my running session, but it crashes a lot.

 

Is it possible to launch a gnome-session from tiger vnc server, as a second 
gnome session running on the same machine?

 

From: Alexander V. Makartsev [mailto:avbe...@gmail.com] 
Sent: Wednesday, September 27, 2017 6:40 AM
To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
Subject: Re: gnome 3 vnc

 

Yes. Package you need is "x11vnc". Be sure to connect to it using ssh tunnel 
with private\public keys for security.
Good guide: http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/



On 27.09.2017 08:49, j...@bluemarble.net   wrote:

Is there a way to launch a gnome 3 session in VNC while I'm still logged
in on my console at home?
 
I have an HTPC that I want to leave logged in all the time, but I want to
be able to access it remotely. I'd like to use gnome 3 in both places. But
if a gnome-session already exists, I can't find a way to launch a second
one; it just crashes.
 
Debian 9.1 Stretch 64-bit
 
Thanks.
 

 

Re: Finding the appropriate manpage [Re: Can't find the DNS Servers]

[Lck Ras]

On 09/27/2017 06:16 AM, Don Armstrong wrote:
> In almost every case, if you don't know the right man page, apropos (or
> man -k) will help you find it. If that's not good enough, man -K
> dhclient will eventually find all of them.
> 
> dhclient (8) - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Client
> dhclient-script (8)  - DHCP client network configuration script
> dhclient.conf (5)- DHCP client configuration file
> dhclient.leases (5)  - DHCP client lease database

Plus the dhclient(8) manpage lists other related manuals in its SEE ALSO
section:

SEE ALSO
   dhcpd(8),  dhcrelay(8),  dhclient-script(8),  dhclient.conf(5),
   dhclient.leases(5), dhcp-eval(5).

Re: How to Turn Off Autodiscovered Printers in Firefox?

[Brian]

On Tue 26 Sep 2017 at 13:55:33 -0500, Kent West wrote:

> On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 8:57 AM, Brian  wrote:
> 
> > On Tue 26 Sep 2017 at 12:08:02 +, Curt wrote:
> >
> > > On 2017-09-26, Brian  wrote:
> > > > On Tue 26 Sep 2017 at 00:15:31 -0500, Kent West wrote:
> > > >
> > > >> So when I go to select a printer in Firefox, there are many
> > autodiscovered
> > > >> printers to choose from. I don't want any of them in my list. How do
> > I turn
> > > >> this off?
> > > >
> > > > See later. But first stop or purge cups-browsed.
> > > >
> > > >> I found the two "browse" options in /etc/cups/cupsd.conf, but they
> > make no
> > > >> difference. I found /etc/cups/cups-browsed, but killing that daemon
> > makes
> > > >> no difference. In fact, killing CUPS altogether makes no difference
> > (except
> > > >> my desired printer then goes away), so obviously this isn't a CUPS
> > thing.
> > > >
> > > > Correct.
> >
> 
> If this isn't a CUPS thing, what's the value in stopping or purging
> cups-browsed?

It rules out cups-browsed as a source for printer discovery and makes
the next step more convincing.

> > > >> Then I discovered Avahi (and had to go into learning mode -
> > apparently this
> > > >> is also known as "Bonjour" and "Rendevous" and "ZeroConf", depending
> > on OS
> > > >> and version and situation). The most obvious tweaks in
> > > >> /"etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf", the two "disable-publishing..."
> > options,
> > > >> don't do anything.
> > > >
> > > > Indeed not. They affect publishing, not discovery.
> 
> As in "publishing to other computers on the network", not as in "publishing
> to applications, like Firefox, on this computer"?

More or less. The print dialog of Firefox browses Bonjour-broadcasted
remote printers and populates its dialog from what is detected.
 
> I don't mind Avahi discovering printers; I just don't want it "publishing"
> what it found to Firefox. Apparently I misunderstood the scope of the word
> "publish".

No. What you want is either Firefox not browsing Bonjour broadcasts or,
if it does, selectively displaying print queues/printers it discovers.
AFAIK, the first cannot be done. The second is the subject of an
upstream GTK bug report somewhere.
 
> > >> So, any one know how to tell Avahi to not publish found printers to
> > > >> Firefox's print dialog?
> > > >
> > > > All GTK applications can use avahi-daemon for printer discovery. It is
> > > > GTK you want to control, not avahi-daemon. gtk-print-backends is the
> > > > relevant property to use. Its default value is "file,cups".
> > > >
> > > > I think Firefox uses GTK3. In /etc/gtk-3.0 or ~/.gtk-3.0 you want to
> > > > create the file settings.ini and see what the contents
> > > >
> > > >   [Settings]
> > > >   gtk-print-backends=file
> > > >
> > > > do for you. (The file name and format is different for GTK2).
> >
> 
> When I do this, *all* my printers disappear from the Firefox dialog,
> including the one I've got in CUPS, which shows up in the CUPS web dialog
> (localhost:631) and in /etc/cups/printers.conf.

You have learned that "gtk-print-backends=file" achieves your objective
but has the side affect of removing local print queues too.

Restarting or reinstalling cups-browsed has no affect on this situation.
GTK apps get their printer lists directly from Bonjour broadcasts, so
neither cupsd nor cups-browsed is necessary.
 
> > > Some anonymous joe on the internet said you can edit the [server]
> > > section of the /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf file and uncomment the
> > > 'enable-dbus=yes' line, changing that line to 'enable-dbus=no' and this
> > > will disable printer discovery (while retaining dns functionality).
> > >
> > > Whether this works or not, or how perilously or ridiculously close this
> > > edit is to just turning the damned avahi thing off altogether, I do not
> > > know.
> >
> > I tried this and the GTK print dialog took ages to come up. I'd also be
> > concerned about other possible knock-on effects. Why "damned avahi
> > thing..."? You make it sound evil.
> 
> When I tried this, it solved my problem, and I don't notice any delay
> issues.

Users of Qt apps, command line utilities and LibreOffice would not be
overjoyed by having their printing experience severely degraded. There
might also be other drawbacks to dbus deactivation. The issue with an
"anonymous joe" is the lack of any detail, explanation or testing
reports.

Try: in settings.ini have 'gtk-print-backends=file,lpr'. Print from the
dialog with 'lp -d '.

In the end it depends on what you and your users can live with.

-- 
Brian.

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Gene Heskett wrote:
> > [ 2404.664052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525167 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 
> > TB/932 GiB)
> > [ 2404.676277] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2048-byte physical blocks

Pascal Hambourg wrote:
> Don't bother with alignment.

As far as oldfashioned "cylinder" aligment is concerned: certainly.

But even if only for superstition i'd align everything to the physical
block size, i.e. a multiple of 4 blocks of 512 bytes.
An oldfashioned partition start at logical block 63 would give me the
idea to cause extra i/o. But nowadays one often sees partition 1
start block address 2048. Giving the first MiB to the gods of booting
and being reasonably aligned to 4. Such a broad precaution must work.


Gene Heskett wrote:
> > Nothing seems to satisfy parted.

What is it nagging, exactly ?

For MBR partitions ("msdos", "primary" and "logical") i'd use fdisk.
For GPT there is gdisk, but i never challenged it much.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Debian Stretch como roteador e AP

[Fábio Rabelo]

Bom dia ...

O comando brctl foi considerado obsoleto a anos !

Nem mesmo na época em que eu usei esta configuração ele era corrente,
algo entre 2009 e 2012 .

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/debian-ubuntu-linux-setting-wireless-access-point/

Não foi este o tutorial que eu usei na época, mas ele tem
aproximadamente o mesmo conteúdo ...


Fábio Rabelo

Em 27 de setembro de 2017 10:00,   escreveu:
> Fabio, opa,
> Cara, meus primeiros testes com configuração em modo bridge não foram muito
> bons não. Segui a receita dessa página
> (https://wiki.debian.org/BridgeNetworkConnections), mas ao criar a interface
> bridge br0, o computador fica offline. Nem cheguei a testar se ele conseguia
> fornecer conexão para o switch, pois ele ficou offline em todas as
> tentativas.
> Basicamente o que fiz foi:
>
> brctl addbr br0
>
> brctl addif br0 eth0 usb1
>
> Para adicionar a interface sem fio wlan0 é um pouco mais complicado, o
> comando dá erro se tentar simplesmente adicionar.
>
> Esse comando resolveu:
>
> iw dev wlan0 set 4addr on
>
> De qualquer forma, não pude testar nada, como falei antes, o computador fica
> offline quando cria a br0.
>
> A interface eth0 (wan) deve ser adicionada à bridge br0?
>
> Você comentou que usou essa config por um tempo. Teria os arquivos de config
> ainda pra compartilhar?
>
> Valeu!
>
>
>
>
>
> Em 25.09.2017 12:56, Fábio Rabelo escreveu:
>
> Eu usei uma configuração exatamente como o Sr. pretende usar por vários anos
> .
>
> Abandonei por causa de consumo de energia .
>
> Muito simples, levante as duas placas de rede como bridge, e  pronto !
>
> No /etc/network, configure a rede USB com fio como bridge, por exemplo
> br0, e na configuração do hostapd, faça ele se conectar na mesma br0 .
>
>
> Fábio Rabelo
>
> Em 25 de setembro de 2017 12:00,   escreveu:
>
> Pessoal, bom dia, Tenho em casa um computador funcionando como AP, com o
> hostapd, tranquilo. É um gabinete mini-itx, sem expansão via pci, então uso
> a interface ethernet e coloquei um adaptador de rede sem fio usb. Até aí ok.
> Agora comprei um adaptador usb ethernet gigabit para adicionar mais uma
> interface de rede com fio para transformá-lo em roteador e AP. O que eu
> queria fazer e não tenho encontrado nas minhas pesquisas é a forma como ele
> deve ser configurado para que tanto a interface de rede sem fio quanto a
> interface de rede ethernet (Lan) fiquem na mesma rede IP. Com roteadores
> comerciais, é possível conectar um notebook via wireless e ter um IP do tipo
> 192.168.0.x, na mesma rede de um computador conectado via cabo que é também
> 192.168.0.x. A ideia é que seja facil e simples conectar todos os
> dispositivos da casa e trocar arquivos entre eles via ssh, nfs, samba, etc.
> Resumindo: quando pronto ele terá três interfaces de rede: Wan: 1 ethernet
> que vem do meu modem tim, que é o gateway padrão dele Lan: 1 sem fio do tipo
> 192.168.0.x Lan: 1 com fio também do tipo 192.168.0.x, que sai pra um switch
> gigabit 8 portas. Essa infra vai servir internet e intranet pra três
> notebooks (um win e dois linux), dois smartfones android e uma smartTV.
> Obrigadão!
>
>

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Pascal Hambourg]

Le 27/09/2017 à 14:42, Gene Heskett a écrit :


[ 2404.664052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525167 512-byte logical blocks:
(1.00 TB/932 GiB)
[ 2404.676277] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2048-byte physical blocks

But I've now spent several hours trying to put the 1st of 3 partitions on
it with figures that satisfy parted's align-check, including calculation
of values that result in mod(2048)=0. Nothing seems to satisfy parted.


Can you elaborate ? You description is vague, and we cannot see what's 
on your screen.


Don't bother with alignment. Modern partitioners' default alignement is 
suitable for all drives.

Re: disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Roberto C . Sánchez]

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 08:42:08AM -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> 
> Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical sector size 
> of any power of 2? gparted is out as this machine does not yet have an x 
> server installed, so I need a commandline tool.
> 
> Suggestions will be investigated, thank you.

You don't mention which tool(s) you've already attempted, but have you
looked at parted?

Regards,

-Roberto

-- 
Roberto C. Sánchez

disk partitioners vs disk with 2048 byte phusical sectors

[Gene Heskett]

Greetings all;

I just bought a 1TB disk, in a usb3 interface format, had a full disk 
ntfs partition on it.  The machine its to be used on is an arm64 
rockchip called a rock64. It looks like a pi killer and I intend to 
replace the 1GB of memory pi-3b with this 4GB of memory card.

This disk has a 2048 byte sector. From dmesg:
[ 2401.645069] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Spinning up disk...
[ 2402.650332] ...ready
[ 2404.664052] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525167 512-byte logical blocks: 
(1.00 TB/932 GiB)
[ 2404.676277] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2048-byte physical blocks

But I've now spent several hours trying to put the 1st of 3 partitions on 
it with figures that satisfy parted's align-check, including calculation 
of values that result in mod(2048)=0. Nothing seems to satisfy parted.

So I've come to the conclusion parted is broken for this size of physical 
sector.

Do we have a disk partitioner that does understand a physical sector size 
of any power of 2? gparted is out as this machine does not yet have an x 
server installed, so I need a commandline tool.

Suggestions will be investigated, thank you.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page 

Re: Performance RAID instable

[Pascal Hambourg]

Le 27/09/2017 à 13:00, Seb a écrit :


Pour finir, je sais obtenir un retour a des performances normales en 
vidant le cache :

sync ; echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

(...)
J'ai utilisé "/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches" comme mot-clef dans Google. La 
ligne de commande que tu indiques demande au noyau de libérer la RAM 
qu'il avait allouée pour mettre en cache les fichiers et répertoires 
qu'il a lus.


Plus exactement, la valeur 2 ne vide que les caches de "dentries" 
(directory entries) et d'inodes, c'est-à-dire les méta-données associées 
aux répertoires et fichiers, mais pas le cache du contenu des fichiers.


La valeur affichée dans la colonne "cache" par la commande free ne prend 
en compte que le cache du contenu des fichiers, le "pagecache" et pas 
les caches de dentries et d'inodes. Le pagecache est vidé par la valeur 
1. La valeur 3 vide les deux.


C'est très bizarre que ceci influence la vitesse de nos 
tableaux RAID car cette portion de RAM est supposée être réutilisable 
dès qu'un besoin réel se présente.


Et surtout, ces structures de données sont liées aux systèmes de 
fichiers montés et non aux périphériques bloc tels que les disques ou 
ensembles RAID.


En outre, sur une machine qui est 
actuellement coincée à des débits de 1 Mo/s, j'ai:


~>free -m
   total    used    free  shared  buff/cache   
available

Mem:   7980 773    6125 172    1080   6278
Swap:  3813   0    3813

Sur 8 Go de RAM, plus de 6 Go sont disponibles. On ne peut pas qu'il y 
ait un manque.


Pour information, la mémoire occupée par les caches de dentries et 
d'inodes est comptée dans la colonne "used". Elle fait partie du "slab", 
dont on peut voir la taille dans /proc/meminfo et le détail dans 
/proc/slabinfo (chercher les colonnes contenant "inode" et "dentry").


L'information m'a peut-être échappée, mais je n'ai pas vu dans les 
messages si des tests de débit comparatifs pour déterminer l'étendue 
précise du problème avaient été faits :

- en lecture dans le système de fichiers
- en écriture dans le système de fichiers
- en lecture brute dans le périphérique bloc
- en écriture brute dans le périphérique bloc (attention : détruit le 
système de fichiers)

- même chose dans une partition classique non RAID
- même chose avec d'autres types de systèmes de fichiers

Re: OT - Where to Contribute Documentation?

[Roberto C . Sánchez]

On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 02:32:08PM -0500, Kent West wrote:
>I've written a couple of HOW-TO's (Debian-based kiosk; Pharos printing
>from Debian) for myself that I would have loved to have found before I had
>to figure things out for myself. Assuming there may be a few people out
>there interested in these niche applications, where should I offer them
>for publishing?

Hi Kent,

I don't consider your post OT at all.  Documentation, especially good
documentation, is nearly always in short supply.  As Tomas suggested,
the Debian Wiki is an excellent choice.  I notice that you also have a
blog, so you could publish your documentation in the form of a blog post
as well.

Whatever approach you choose for publishing your documentation, please
make sure that you contribute something relating to it to the Debian
Project News:

https://wiki.debian.org/ProjectNews/HowToContribute

There are many who subscribe to the periodic Debian Project News and it
would be an excellent way to make more people aware of the documentation
you have written.

Regards,

-Roberto

-- 
Roberto C. Sánchez

Re: Restore backup to KVM

[solitone]

On 27/09/17 08:56, Reco wrote:
I'm curious to know how you'd achieve this. 
Although mkfs had warned me, I mistakenly formatted the entire file, 
like this:


$ sudo mkfs.ext4 restore.img

Now I've redone it the right way, using a loop device, and I'll see how 
it goes.


Thank you!

Re: OT - Where to Contribute Documentation?

[tomas]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 02:32:08PM -0500, Kent West wrote:
> I've written a couple of HOW-TO's (Debian-based kiosk; Pharos printing from
> Debian) for myself that I would have loved to have found before I had to
> figure things out for myself. Assuming there may be a few people out there
> interested in these niche applications, where should I offer them for
> publishing?

DebianWiki comes to mind. Start here:

  https://wiki.debian.org/DebianWiki
  https://wiki.debian.org/DebianWiki/Contact
  https://wiki.debian.org/DebianWiki/Contact#content-admins

Just try to find someone who can help you find out how (or whether) your
HOWTOs might fit into the overall landscape.

Enjoy
- -- tomás
-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
Version: GnuPG v1.4.12 (GNU/Linux)

iEYEARECAAYFAlnLjAcACgkQBcgs9XrR2kZsMwCdH9NWMkdTAX+wFTgDCbo9+dAX
GasAmQE/AfqlZUtriDJhONvWTvq/OFol
=j/Tr
-END PGP SIGNATURE-

Re: Performance RAID instable

[Seb]

Bonjour,


J'ai également constaté un comportement très similaire sur un de mes 
serveurs après le passage a debian9.


Merci de le dire !


J'ai également incriminé le raid (raid5 hard HP).


Sur disques SSD ou à plateaux ?
Avec quel filesystem ?

Pour finir, je sais obtenir un retour a des performances normales en vidant 
le cache :

sync ; echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches


Super, merci pour cette astuce; je l'ai testée tout à l'heure, elle 
fonctionne aussi chez moi. C'est déjà un soulagement de ne plus avoir à 
rebooter... Même si cela soigne les symptômes sans s'attaquer à la racine 
du problème.


En espérant avoir apporté un élément nouveau qui puisse aider a 
comprendre, je suis moi aussi avide d'une solution.


J'ai utilisé "/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches" comme mot-clef dans Google. La 
ligne de commande que tu indiques demande au noyau de libérer la RAM qu'il 
avait allouée pour mettre en cache les fichiers et répertoires qu'il a 
lus. C'est très bizarre que ceci influence la vitesse de nos tableaux RAID 
car cette portion de RAM est supposée être réutilisable dès qu'un besoin 
réel se présente. En outre, sur une machine qui est actuellement coincée à 
des débits de 1 Mo/s, j'ai:


~>free -m
  totalusedfree  shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:   7980 7736125 1721080   6278
Swap:  3813   03813

Sur 8 Go de RAM, plus de 6 Go sont disponibles. On ne peut pas qu'il y ait 
un manque.


Par ailleurs, j'ai suivi le conseil donné par Thierry Bugier: dans la 
machine à la maison, j'ai branché deux disques à plateaux que j'avais 
remisés, assemblé un RAID1 pour faire une partition (10 Go, JFS, aucun 
fichier) et j'ai enregistré leur débit. J'ai uploadé sur framapic deux 
images parlantes:


Bureau:
https://framapic.org/gallery#Pn5Jx4AuzmI3/5cUOEH82OcpU.png

Maison:
https://framapic.org/mt5DVGNW6QXb/lWj5EGz6jZJ6.png

Elles représentent le débit, mesuré grossièrement avec 'dd', de la 
partition montée en racine, de la partition montée en /home et, pour la 
machine à la maison, de la partition construite avec les disques à 
plateaux. (L'excellent débit des disques à plateaux est dû à la petite 
taille -- 10 Mo -- du fichier que je crée avec 'dd': on reste dans les 
caches des disques.)


On observe d'abord une excellente concordance des performances: elles 
chutent en même temps sur des filesystems différents. Ce n'est donc pas, 
par exemple, un problème de fsck. En outre, ce n'est pas lié aux disques 
SSD puisque la partition sur les disques à plateaux montre les mêmes 
symptômes.


Je constate aussi une chute dans le premier quart d'heure après minuit 
pour toutes les partitions (2 au bureau, 3 à la maison). Or je n'ai aucune 
crontab, en utilisateur ou en root, qui se lance dans cette tranche 
horaire, sur aucune des deux machines.


Cela pointe vers une action du système juste après minuit. Quand je 
regarde /etc/crontab, cependant, je vois que les cron.daily sont lancées à 
6h25 le matin. Est-ce que quelqu'un a une idée pour identifier ce qui se 
passe peu après minuit dans la Debian ?


Pour continuer les tests, je viens de passer en ext4 la partition des 
disques à plateaux, on verra si elle continue à suivre les autres...



Merci pour votre aide.
Seb.

Re: gnome 3 vnc

[Alexander V. Makartsev]

Yes. Package you need is "x11vnc". Be sure to connect to it using ssh
tunnel with private\public keys for security.
Good guide: http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/


On 27.09.2017 08:49, j...@bluemarble.net wrote:
> Is there a way to launch a gnome 3 session in VNC while I'm still logged
> in on my console at home?
>
> I have an HTPC that I want to leave logged in all the time, but I want to
> be able to access it remotely. I'd like to use gnome 3 in both places. But
> if a gnome-session already exists, I can't find a way to launch a second
> one; it just crashes.
>
> Debian 9.1 Stretch 64-bit
>
> Thanks.
>

Re: An answer to "Gave up waiting for suspend/resume device"

[Pascal Hambourg]

Le 27/09/2017 à 10:37, Jimmy Johnson a écrit :

On 09/26/2017 02:25 AM, Pascal Hambourg wrote:

Le 26/09/2017 à 03:55, Jimmy Johnson a écrit :

Hi Mark, while multi-booting I use the device name in fstab,
/dev/sd?? none swap sw 0 0, it works for all my installed systems.


It is not always reliable with multiple drives, because device names 
are not stable across reboots. So it is advised to use persistent 
identifiers such as UUID or LABEL instead.


Yes, what you say is true, but not very often and from what I've seen is 
due to mainboard setup or defects in the mainboard causing the bad setup 
due to mainboard SATA connection being mislabeled.


No, it is due to the asynchronous nature of device probing and module 
loading by the kernel and udev in modern Linux systems.


  But if everything is 
correct and you are using lets say sda1 as root in your fstab your 
system will use sda1 as the LABEL, I've seen this over and over.


Nonsense. sda1 is the block device name and does not have anything to do 
with the LABEL which is a filesystem metadata field.


But all this is advanced setup for people running more than one Linux 
system and having to edit UUID on all systems because you install a new 
system is undesirable.


No it does not have anything to do with multiple Linux systems.

Re: Can't find the DNS Servers

[Richard Hector]

On 26/09/17 19:50, Reco wrote:
> Please post these things from the problematic PC:
> 
> ip a l
> 
> ip ro l

Can I make a request? When giving example commands, can you give them in
full, rather than abbreviated?

I believe 'a' and 'ro' are 'address' and 'route' respectively, but 'l'
is a bit harder to find - not in the result of "ip address help",
anyway. 'list' perhaps? Which I think is the default anyway?

I believe anyone who knows the short versions will know the long ones,
and those who don't won't have to go digging up the manpages to
understand what's going on :-)

Cheers,

Richard



signature.asc
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: An answer to "Gave up waiting for suspend/resume device"

[Jimmy Johnson]

On 09/26/2017 02:25 AM, Pascal Hambourg wrote:

Le 26/09/2017 à 03:55, Jimmy Johnson a écrit :

Hi Mark, while multi-booting I use the device name in fstab,
/dev/sd?? none swap sw 0 0, it works for all my installed systems.


It is not always reliable with multiple drives, because device names are 
not stable across reboots. So it is advised to use persistent 
identifiers such as UUID or LABEL instead.



Yes, what you say is true, but not very often and from what I've seen is 
due to mainboard setup or defects in the mainboard causing the bad setup 
due to mainboard SATA connection being mislabeled.  But if everything is 
correct and you are using lets say sda1 as root in your fstab your 
system will use sda1 as the LABEL, I've seen this over and over.


But all this is advanced setup for people running more than one Linux 
system and having to edit UUID on all systems because you install a new 
system is undesirable.

--
Jimmy Johnson

Debian Stretch - KDE Plasma 5.8.6 - AMD A8-7600 - EXT4 at sda6
Registered Linux User #380263

Re: Restore backup to KVM

[Reco]

Hi.

On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 09:39:50AM +0200, Thomas Schmitt wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> solitone wrote:
> > > Partition Table: loop
> > >  1  0.00B  96.6GB  96.6GB  ext4
> 
> Reco wrote:
> > I'm curious to know how you'd achieve this.
> 
> The storage device (image file in this case) is unpartitioned.

Thank you, that clarifies things.
Now the remaining question is - could it break stock Debian initrd?

Reco

Re: Restore backup to KVM

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

solitone wrote:
> > Partition Table: loop
> >  1  0.00B  96.6GB  96.6GB  ext4

Reco wrote:
> I'm curious to know how you'd achieve this.

The storage device (image file in this case) is unpartitioned.

If you have a MBR partition table ("msdos"), then you may achieve this
by deleting all partitions.

On byte level you may zeroize bytes 446 to 510 of the device or
image file:

  dd if=/dev/zero bs=1 seek=446 count=64 conv=notrunc of=...path...

If the partition editor stays stubbornly with msdos, delete the MBR
signature:

  dd if=/dev/zero bs=1 seek=510 count=2 conv=notrunc of=...path...

If it is a GPT, then the dd will make it invalid too (by removing the
MBR partition of type 0xee), but you have to expect that a partition
editor will try to restore it from the Backup GPT at the end of the
storage device.

The backup GPT header block is supposed to be in the last block of
the device. It begins by the text "EFI PART".
One would zeroize it by

  dd if=/dev/zero bs=512 seek=...byte.size.divided.by.512.minus.1... \
 count=1 conv=notrunc of=...path...

(Or hope that the partition editor knows how to deface GPT if you
 ask it to do so. Your milage may vary.)


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Gparted Live logiciel génial pour une migration

[Klaus Becker]

On mardi 26 septembre 2017 15:57:59 CEST MERLIN Philippe wrote:
> Le mardi 26 septembre 2017, 14:31:22 CEST Klaus Becker a écrit :
> > On mardi 26 septembre 2017 13:47:55 CEST Haricophile wrote:
> > > Le Tue, 26 Sep 2017 11:54:55 +0200,
> > > 
> > > MERLIN Philippe  a écrit :
> > > > Ce que je voulais surtout souligné dans mon message qu'avec
> > > > Gparted live ou pas et Super Grub on avait des outils Libres simples
> > > > efficaces et surs, et qu'il n'était peut être pas nécessaire
> > > > d'investir dans des logiciels payant.
> > > 
> > > Moi je trouve qu'avec les différente distributions live, comme
> > > Mint ou Ubuntu et même Debian Live (qui est amha plus une
> > > base à personnaliser) , on peut sans être trop geek faire ce qu'on
> > 
> > N'oublions pas l'excellente Knoppix
> > 
> > 
> > Klaus
> 
> Pour moi j'ai l'impression que Knoppix n'évolue plus, je l'ai testé avec mon
> nouvel ordinateur et il s'est proprement vautré, contrairement à Ubuntu
> Studio..
> Philippe Merlin

Il y a quand même une nouvelle version tous les 6-12 mois, que demander de 
plus ?

Klaus

Re: Restore backup to KVM

[Reco]

Hi.

On Tue, Sep 26, 2017 at 09:44:57PM +0200, solitone wrote:
> On 26/09/17 17:31, Reco wrote:
> > > On 26/09/17 13:01, solitone wrote:
> > > > It's strange, since it finds /dev/sda, i.e. the entire disk:
> > > > 
> > > > =
> > > > [    6.438693] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 188743680 512-byte logical blocks:
> > > > (96.6 GB/90.0 GiB)
> > > > [    6.469182] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
> > > > [    6.482421] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache:
> > > > enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
> > > > =
> > > > 
> > > > However, it then complains that /dev/sda1 does not exists
> > 
> > That's because you don't have any partitions on that disk. Partition
> > that's start with sector 0 is impossible.
> 
> Interesting. I used parted to create one single partition as big as the
> entire file. Here's what parted shows now:
> 
> =
> $ /sbin/parted  alan_restore.img
> WARNING: You are not superuser.  Watch out for permissions.
> GNU Parted 3.2
> Using /media/solitone/Maxtor/vmimages/alan_restore.img
> Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
> 
> (parted) p
> Model:  (file)
> Disk /media/solitone/Maxtor/vmimages/alan_restore.img: 96.6GB
> Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
> Partition Table: loop
> Disk Flags:
> 
> Number  Start  End SizeFile system  Flags
>  1  0.00B  96.6GB  96.6GB  ext4
> =
> 
> I assumed that that number 1 referred to partition n. 1, but I must be
> mistaken.

I'm curious to know how you'd achieve this. Because best I could produce
is this:

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=restore.img bs=1M count=0 seek=96K
0+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes copied, 0.000490565 s, 0.0 kB/s

$ /sbin/parted restore.img
WARNING: You are not superuser.  Watch out for permissions.
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /tmp/restore.img
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel msdos
(parted) mkpart primary 0 -1
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best
performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I
(parted) print
Model:  (file)
Disk /tmp/restore.img: 103GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  EndSize   Type File system  Flags
 1  512B   103GB  103GB  primary   lba

Note the difference at 'Partition Table' and 'Start'.

Reco