Re: Address 127.0.1.1
On Fri, 24 May 2024 11:40:30 -0400 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 05:22:14PM +0200, Marco Moock wrote: > > Am 24.05.2024 um 17:17:45 Uhr schrieb to...@tuxteam.de: > > > > > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 04:49:18PM +0200, Marco Moock wrote: > > > > > > [...] > > > > > > > If you operate mail servers, you must have a FQDN. .lan can't be > > > > used for the global DNS stuff, so set a proper FQDN that > > > > belongs to you. > > > > > > I think this is wrong in that sweeping generality. > > > > In the case it should communicate with other MTAs in the internet, > > this will be true because many of them require a resolvable (also > > reverse) FQDN in HELO/EHLO that matches the IPv4/IPv6 addresses of > > the server. > > Most MTAs do not look in /etc/hosts when reading their configuration. > Whatever name they identify with (in the HELO or EHLO command) comes > from some MTA-specific configuration file. > > Thus, the contents of /etc/hosts are for *other* things, not related > to MTA configuration. Just being able to resolve your own hostname > to any address that "works" is the goal. 127.0.1.1 works well for > this, which is why Debian uses it as the default. If you've got a > static LAN address, you can use that instead. > Long ago, lo used to be just 127.0.0.1, which is what most people would try to ping to check localhost, and what appeared in /etc/hosts. There is some subtle reason, which I used to know but have now long forgotten, why Debian started using 127.0.1.1 in /etc/hosts instead. As far as I'm aware, any 127. address will resolve to localhost. -- Joe
Re: making Debian secure by default
On Mon, 01 Apr 2024 13:50:22 -0500 John Hasler wrote: > Joe writes: > > I think this was amply demonstrated by Heartbleed, where the > > offending code was examined by *one* other pair of eyes, before > > approval was granted for inclusion in OpenSSL. > > The "many eyes" phase comes after release. Which didn't happen, at least not for two years. I would suggest that for any software as critical as OpenSSL, more than one pair of eyes would have been appropriate *before* release. -- Joe
Re: making Debian secure by default
On Mon, 1 Apr 2024 01:45:07 + Andy Smith wrote: > "enough eyes make all bugs shallow" > doesn't hold true unless the process is actually providing those > eyes. > I think this was amply demonstrated by Heartbleed, where the offending code was examined by *one* other pair of eyes, before approval was granted for inclusion in OpenSSL. -- Joe
Re: making Debian secure by default
On Fri, 29 Mar 2024 16:53:04 + Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, > > On Thu, Mar 28, 2024 at 05:47:44PM -, Curt wrote: > > On 2024-03-28, Greg Wooledge wrote: > > > > > > A more proactive endeavor would be to document known best > > > practices > > > > It makes no fucking difference, because your important data is > > elsewhere and completely out of your control. > > I WAS going to gently suggest that you have a lie down in a cool, > shaded room, but which of us had this on our 2024 bingo card? > > https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/29/4 > > (Upstream xz/lzma project compromised, hostile code inserted into > sshd in Debian sid and other leading edge distros.) > Hah! Most of us remember Heartbleed. He's actually referring to credentials stored externally being compromised. I'm not sure what can be done about that: maybe make some kind of, you know, law, about storing sensitive data, and prosecuting people who are responsible for failure to keep it secure... nothing like accountability for discouraging negligence. -- Joe
Re: Root password strength
On Fri, 22 Mar 2024 12:57:20 +0300 Jan Krapivin wrote: > чт, 21 мар. 2024 г. в 22:34, Alexander V. Makartsev > : > > > This conclusion seems less than optimal to me. > > By condemning yourself to type 12+ character password every time you > > 'sudo' would really hurt accessibility and usability of your home > > computer and for no good reason. > > > > If we focus solely on your use case: a login security of a PC at > > home, without remote access, then password of your sudo user could > > be as short and simple as four numbers, of course unrelated to your > > date of birth, phone number, or any other easily guessable sequence > > of numbers, like '1234'. > > Are you speaking only about sudo or root password also? > > The thing that bothers me are words: "*any* computer (and a fortiori > any server) connected to the Internet > > * is regularly targeted by automated connection attempts"* > I am not tech-savvy. Can you say with 100% (90%?) confidence that > there is no such thing? That home PC without SSH and whatever > complicated is safe (rather safe) from " > > *automated connection attempts"?* > This thread reminded of that topic - > https://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=154002 Most people connect to the Net through a router, usually supplied by the ISP. By default, that router should not permit any connection attempts. It is worth checking its configuration, in case some 'helpful' supplier has enabled uPnP 'to make it easier to play online games'. If so, turn it off. Make sure router management is not permitted from the WAN side. Some ISPs expect to be able to access the router from the Net, something which should be discouraged. If you haven't already, change the admin password from the default, though you probably won't be able to change the account name. If you use wi-fi, then use the best security your router and clients can deal with, usually WPA2. If you don't use wi-fi, turn it off at the router. Really, with a router in its factory default condition, nothing from outside should ever get as far as your computer. The problems don't usually start until you want to run some kind of server software which is accessible from outside, which must then be appropriately secured. The main security issues, of course, come from connections you have invited into your computer, malicious email and web pages. All you can do to mitigate those threats is to be sensible and careful. -- Joe
indi Debian Astro
hi, I'm using debiain on a rock64 for astrophotography and noticed all the indi packages except indi-eqmod are from 2022. I was hoping for some updates to the drivers and some new drivers added like the svbony drivers and zwo am5 driver. How does one go about moving this forward? Astro Berry is no longer maintained, but indi drivers are. thanksJoe
Re: Serious problem with debian 12 bookworm
On Thu, 29 Feb 2024 19:58:13 + (UTC) Anastasia Broch wrote: > Hi I'm using debian 12 in Lenovo yoga legion core i5 12th gen with > RTX 3050 and I'm figuring a serious issue using debian 12 on this PC, > When the PC is on sleep mode ( suspend ) it's doesn't wake up anymore > until forcing shutting down and this each time the PC turns on > suspend mode, ( fastboot are disabled )of course, on my old PC dell > i7 10th I never had this kind of issue, but this it it's the case, > please help to resolve this problem I really don't want to back to > windows anymore. Thank you so much > > Sent from Yahoo Mail for iPhone You've had a couple of suggestions. Did neither of them work? Have you found anything in the logs at the time of the attempted wake-up? -- Joe
Re: permissions on /dev/tty
Joe Pfeiffer writes: > I have a laptop with a recent Debian install, which seems to have > incorrect permissions on /dev/tty > > crw--w 1 root tty 5, 0 Feb 16 08:51 /dev/tty Ah, found it. I somehow had a /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty.service file. Found it looking through log files and seeing it had failed to launch.
permissions on /dev/tty
I have a laptop with a recent Debian install, which seems to have incorrect permissions on /dev/tty crw--w 1 root tty 5, 0 Feb 16 08:51 /dev/tty /lib/udev/rules.d/50-udev-default.rules contains the usual SUBSYSTEM=="tty", KERNEL=="tty", GROUP="tty", MODE="0666" More strangely, udevadm info /dev/tty contains (among other things, of course) E: DEVPATH=/devices/virtual/tty/tty E: DEVNAME=/dev/tty E: DEVMODE=0666 Does anyone have any idea what might be changing the permissions? Or have some ideas on how I might look for it? Thanks,
Re: what keyboard do you use?
Lee writes: > I bought a Dell desktop in 2019 and the keyboard just died :( > > ssh in from another machine & do a 'sudo reboot now' and get an alert > about 'Keyboard not found.' on power up. The keyboard also doesn't > work in another machine so it's really & truly dead. > > I figure there's a high percentage of keyboard jockeys here so .. > which keyboard do you like and why? > > I have a Logitech k740 attached to my Windows machine which is ok. > Not great but OK. > I found a spare Logitech k120 keyboard in the closet; its better than > nothing but too thick for regular use. > And the old Dell keyboard from the Windows machine - also too thick, > the keys are too cramped and lettering has worn off on about 1/4 of > the keys (which is why I got the Logitech 740) A Logitech ergonomic keyboard that mimics the Microsoft Natural but, sadly, has been out of production for many years. I don't know what I'll do when it eventually dies, but I expect it'll be expensive...
Re: top bar the way I want it
On 1/18/24 1:17 AM, Beyond Insulted wrote: > > On Wed, Jan 17, 2024 at 08:40:30PM -0500, Maureen L Thomas wrote: > >> I now have a system that works but I cannot find any > >> utility to fix the top bar the way I want it. Any hints? > > Try to understand the audience that is being asked. > > > > Imaging that they were willing to help and stopped doing so > > because the "the way I want it" is a way too poor description. > > > > > >> Moe > > > > Groeten > > Geert Stappers On Thu, 18 Jan 2024 23:02:21 -0500 Maureen L Thomas wrote: > I am sorry for the way I said that. What I want is the very top bar, > before I re-installed it had three topics on the very top left hand > that allowed me to click on one of them and get a menu of all the > software installed and in order according to the topic. Like under > internet would list all the internet software. Right now I have to > use that dot thing to see what is installed. It is a pain. I cannot > find the utility to change the settings for the top bar or the bottom > bar or the sidebar I used daily with a list of the browsers, and > special software that is used daily. Again I apologize for the > previous, I was very uptight over my inability to remember what I > need to do. > We cannot all recollect all that has gone before. There is very large flexibility as to the Linux display. There are four major desktop environments and several derivatives of them. Some people don't use a DE at all, just a window manager. I use Xfce4 and its own panels, with one panel to the top left and one panel top right, with a third tiny panel just containing an analogue clock. Most configuration can be achieved by right-clicking on a panel then Panel-> Panel Preferences. The size, position and number of panels can be controlled in that way. Launchers can be added to panels, and applications can be added to launchers. Mostly one launcher contains one application. I don't know what display configuration you have, but a good start is to right-click on whatever bars you have, and explore the menus. The main application menu can pretty much always be opened by right-clicking on an empty part of the desktop and choosing Applications. This set of menus, grouped as you say be approximate function, can be edited by a couple of applications, one of which is the Gnome alacarte, which I use. This is not normally installed by default on Debian, but can be installed in the usual way. If you don't already have Gnome or some of its applications, it will probably bring in a distressing list of dependencies. Let us know more about what desktop environment you use, and we can probably give better advice. Unfortunately, while reinstalling can fix many problems fairly easily, it does bring with it the need to rebuild the configurations of many things. -- Joe
Re: lists
On Wed, 20 Dec 2023 17:14:05 +0100 Marco Moock wrote: > Am 20.12.2023 um 15:58:48 Uhr schrieb Joe: > > > For many years my SMTP server has requested an ident (TCP port 113) > > from outside sending servers. Since nobody now runs ident servers, > > there will be no reply, and my server waits for a timeout of thirty > > seconds before continuing. > > Good admins don't use DROP in firewalls, so either you get a TCP RST > (because no application listens on that port) or a ICMP > administratively prohibited, so your server knows that no identd runs > there and can continue. > I'm not actually looking for an ident reply, I'm looking to hold up the transaction for thirty seconds to weed out the spambots. This is a convenient way to do it. I mentioned it after the practice of ignoring the first SMTP contact was referred to, to achieve more or less the same thing. -- Joe
Re: lists
On Wed, 20 Dec 2023 16:11:05 +0100 Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > > I have heard that there is a countermeasure against spam run be big > mail providers by rejecting the first contact by SMTP and accepting > the next contact. Most spammers seem to try just once. > > I am not sure if this is 100% true For many years my SMTP server has requested an ident (TCP port 113) from outside sending servers. Since nobody now runs ident servers, there will be no reply, and my server waits for a timeout of thirty seconds before continuing. All legitimate mail servers will wait that long, spambots won't. But a failure by these mechanisms would be reasonably repeatable. My server has occasionally rejected Debian list posts for lack of DNS information, presumably when the DNS server is very busy. This is not repeatable, and is quite rare. It never happens multiple times, so my score never gets anywhere near unsubscription. I was once kicked off because my phone line died for several days. I'm not sure a temporary server failure is a good reason for unsubscribing someone. -- Joe
Re: Problem with /var/cache/apt/archives/
Charles Curley writes: > Does anybody read signatures any more? I certainly don't.
Re: Problem with /var/cache/apt/archives/
"Stephen P. Molnar" writes: > I am running Bookworm on my Debian computer. When I installed the OS I > selected the option for separate /var etc, and selected the default > sizes of the partitions. > > When I ran sudo apt update this morning I received the error message: > > E: You don't have enough free space in /var/cache/apt/archives/ > > Can I increase the size of the /var partition on the ssd without > having to reinstall the system? > > Thanks in advance. Are you doing anything to get rid of unused packages? If not the archives just keep growing. An occasional # apt-get autoclean will do a lot for you. clean clean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files. It removes everything but the lock file from /var/cache/apt/archives/ and /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/. autoclean (and the auto-clean alias since 1.1) Like clean, autoclean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it growing out of control. The configuration option APT::Clean-Installed will prevent installed packages from being erased if it is set to off.
Re: LifeCD
On Thu, 14 Dec 2023 19:31:28 +0100 Arno Lehmann wrote: > Hi Joe, > > On 14.12.23 at 19:01, Joe wrote: > > On Thu, 14 Dec 2023 13:41:04 +0200 > > y...@vienna.at wrote: > > > >> I no longer try to make the lifecd.img of debianworking perfect > >> and now I change to KNOPPER as it is really much better. > >> > >> I really do recommend it. > >> > > > > Knoppix is excellent for the purposes for which it is designed. But > > it is not upgradable, every new Knoppix must be a new installation. > > > > yxcv does explicitly *not* want to install. Yes, I saw the 'lifecd', but I was pointing out the difference in aims of the two distributions, and the fact that they are not equally suited to all purposes. Knoppix can be installed but is intended to be a live distribution, Debian isn't really. If you want to run a portable Debian, and I did that for a while, make a standard installation on a USB medium. > > > Debian is designed with a lot of effort going into making it > > upgradable indefinitely, as well as for being a server OS. Knoppix > > is mainly intended for troubleshooting, particularly hardware. > > Quite so. And I doubt there are good ways to add a wide range of > additional software, but that's something he or she will have to > check out. Probably move to a different mailing list in between, > though. If Knoppix is run from a read-write medium rather than a CD, additional software can be installed and persistent configurations made. It still isn't really comfortable as a working OS (I've also tried that), it's intended for occasional use for demonstration or troubleshooting. Your friend has offered you a laptop he no longer uses? Run Knoppix, to see if Debian will work and drive the hardware. But don't install Knoppix, use Debian. For many years I have carried with me the latest Knoppix, currently on a micro SD card. But all my computers have Debian installed, either stable or unstable. Horses for courses. -- Joe
Re: IMPORTANT: do NOT upgrade to new stable point release
On Sat, 9 Dec 2023 19:18:20 + Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 9 Dec 2023 20:54 +0200, from ale...@nanoid.net (Alexis Grigoriou): > > I just upgraded to Bookworm this morning. I did reboot a couple of > > times but there seems to be no problem (yet). Is there anything I > > should look for or do other than rebooting? > > If you upgraded this morning, then I would expect that you are okay > for now. > > Per #5 in https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1057843 > the bug is present in kernel Debian package version 6.1.64-1. If you > are on 6.1.55-1 (current Bookworm stable per last night) you _likely_ > aren't affected. If you are on 6.1.55-1 (or earlier), just hold off on > upgrades for now; and if you need to upgrade something else, take > great care for now to ensure that no Linux kernel packages get > upgraded to any version < 6.1.66, and preferably not < 6.1.66-1. > > For versions, check: > > * uname -v > * dpkg -l linux-image-\* > > In that bug report thread, #21 lists 6.1.66 as fixed upstream, and #28 > indicates that 6.1.66-1 includes the fix from upstream, and that it is > being published. > It appears from the link in the bug report that 6.5.x kernels (sid/trixie) are not affected. Does anyone know otherwise? https://lore.kernel.org/stable/20231205122122.dfhhoaswsfscuhc3@quack3/ Is the bug likely to affect all architectures? I have a Pi bookworm (armhf) on 6.1.63-1, with 6.1.58-1 also installed. I can probably roll back to 6.1.54-1 if necessary. -- Joe
Re: Boot Problem
On Tue, 5 Dec 2023 11:05:15 -0500 "Stephen P. Molnar" wrote: > I have Bookworm installed on a 1TB SSD. When I attempted logging this > morning I failed! Rather than opening my XFCE desktop I was sent back > tot he login screen, over and over and . I got the > same result attempting to login as root. I have to assume that grub > has been > corrupted> > > As it happens I also have Bookworm installed on a second SSD on my > platform. I'm there sending this email > > I have Grub Customizer installed in both. I have also just downloaded > and burned debian-12-2-0-ams64. > > I am very nervous about messing with the OS. What might be my best > course of action to fix the problem (short of reinstalling)? > As Hans has said, this is a display issue, long after grub has finished, if you're seeing a login prompt. Almost always, that means your X session is not starting. Something you could try first is to look at /var/log/Xorg.0.log as there may be a clue there to the problem. -- Joe
Re: Mailing List
On Fri, 1 Dec 2023 17:12:56 +0100 Marco Moock wrote: > Am 01.12.2023 um 15:55:41 Uhr schrieb Joe: > > > I received a message timed 22:52 on 28th, the last that day, the > > next three were on 29th at > > 08:39 > > 13:14 > > 15:55 > > then normal flow was resumed, which is typically about 50 messages > > per day. > > > > So yes, there was a problem. > > Times UTC by the way. > > IIRC the amount of messages varies depending on how much people take > part in discussions. > > I don't think the current behavior is unusual. > No, it's fine now, but there definitely was a blockage on the 29th. It returned to normal about 16:00 UTC and has been OK since then. -- Joe
Re: Set UEFI boot target with Windows (was: Hardware Advice Wanted: Router)
On Thu, 30 Nov 2023 13:27:59 +0100 Arno Lehmann wrote: > > ... have you ever tried > > bcdedit /bootsequence > > In general, the built-in help of bcdedit is not bad, needs a bit of > patience, though. > > And of course we lack the flexibility of tools such as awk or sed on > Windows, to automate setting things and still remain flexible :-) > > On a particular system, with rather static setup, hard-coding a > single bcdedit call and automatically execute that should be > feasible, though. > > Give it a try if you haven't done yet! > I have used it in the past, when Windows moved away from boot.ini. That was probably XP, so about twenty years ago. I believe using it to write currently requires booting to Safe Mode, and if I've got to reboot, it might as well be to the Debian install disc/USB. Having got to chroot, I just use the up-arrow and it remembers the efibootmgr command I used last time. I haven't looked for a while, if it's possible to set NextBoot from normal Windows it would be worth doing. -- Joe
Re: Hardware Advice Wanted: Router
On Wed, 29 Nov 2023 18:34:30 -0500 Jeffrey Walton wrote: > > As I understand things, a well functioning UEFI system does not need > to use GRUB. The entries for Linux and Windows will be in the UEFI > boot menu, and you can boot directly using EFI variables. > It's the 'well functioning' that is sometimes a problem. I have a netbook which, left to its own devices, will always boot to Windows, and cannot be made to boot to anything else from the UEFI part of whatever we're supposed to call the BIOS these days. It does not honour DefaultBoot, always resetting it to Windows, but for some reason does honour NextBoot. So once Linux is running, a script sets NextBoot to grub. Unfortunately, there's no simple way to set NextBoot from Windows, so after the odd occasion when I run that, I need a rescue USB to get back to grub. There seems to be a lot of problems with the EFI commands operating BIOSes properly, so I wonder if good old MS requires compliant manufacturers to get it wrong deliberately. For the curious, I occasionally need to run Microchip MPLAB, the old pre-Java version which doesn't do Linux. It only just about does Windows... I used to think Serif software was buggy until I tried Microchip stuff. -- Joe
Re: unexpected behavior
On Tue, 28 Nov 2023 07:31:09 -0500 Dan Purgert wrote: > On Nov 27, 2023, Daniel Rodriguez wrote: > > > > Context: I have Debian 11 in a HDD and Windows 11 in a SSD. > > Initially, the first running disk was my SSD. > > Event: when I switched to HDD and Debian booted, this applied an > > update and restarted as usual. Later it entered the BIOS setting on > > its own[...] > > I've never seen a linux update trigger a machine entering BIOS / UEFI > (although I do not use SecureBoot, so perhaps an update triggered some > update necessary to the keys). > > Sounds like the BIOS detected the drives in a different order this > time through (which I have definitely seen). > > UEFI? I have UEFI dual boot on a laptop whose BIOS honours NextBoot but not DefaultBoot. I therefore run a boot script on Linux to set NextBoot to grub. I try not to use Windows, one reason being that the BIOS resets DefaultBoot to the Windows drive and I then need a rescue OS to get back to grub. So a running operating system can configure a UEFI BIOS (or whatever it's called) and some BIOSes are broken and will override a user configuration. -- Joe
Re: dedicated IP
On Tue, 28 Nov 2023 08:45:39 +0800 jeremy ardley wrote: > On 28/11/23 05:59, Maureen L Thomas wrote: > > > > I would like some advice. I have been offered a dedicated IP > > through NORD. Is it worth it or is it not needed? Pros and cons > > would be very helpful. Thank you. > > > > Moe > > > For a home user the best use-case is to install a VPN - such as > openvpn > - and connect to that from a mobile device such as a smart phone. > > Having a fixed IP address definitely helps that, though it can be > done with a dynamic address and a fair bit more effort. > > If you have a VPN then you can access your LAN files from remote > locations. I also run a dovecot mail server in my LAN so I connect > using my smart phone and OpenVPN and read my emails without any > possibility bad guys can read them as well. > > The cons of a fixed IP address aren't any greater than a dynamic IP > address > That's one major use of a VPN, the other is to tunnel out of your home machine and appear to be somewhere else, often in a different country. This is the generally advertised use these days. A third use, now becoming more important, is that some services such as banks will not accept connections from ISPs other than the one you normally use, or won't accept connections from some particular institutions. During a hospital stay I found connection to a supermarket, of all things, would only be accepted from my own IP, which the supermarket had obviously seen to be static from previous occasions. Another site, I think a bank, refused a connection from this well-known London teaching hospital because 'too many people' were trying to connect from there. In both cases, going via my home VPN solved the problem. And no, I hadn't intended doing anything confidential on either occasion or I would have used the VPN to begin with. Doing anything confidential on a public wifi system absolutely requires the use of a VPN, and my phone also has the VPN client installed. -- Joe
Re: connect two hosts over wifi without router?
On Mon, 27 Nov 2023 14:54:44 +0100 Hans wrote: > Hi folks, > > just before I am trying forever: > > Is it possible, to connect two hosts directly over wlan without using > a router? > > The background: I want to stream video from my drone using RTMP to my > notebook. > > This is already possible, when i am using a router. But in the > fields, I got no router available (I have a portable router, yes, but > I want to mimize and ease as possible). > > The goal of my project I am working of, shall be a bootable live-usb > or live- cd, which is preconfigured with the network address, a > listening nginx for RTMP, automatically started X with automatically > started VLC. > > The user just has to start his drone software (or whatever) on a > tablet or mobile, input an IP in the streaming software and is ready. > > Everything shall be done without any router (because of avoiding as > much latencies as possible). > > At the moment I am stuck with the directly connection. > > If someone has running this already, I would be happy for any > configurations, or also with the help of some priciples. > > With an ethernet cable, this is easy (using a crossover ethernet > cable), but how do this with wireless? Is this technically possible > at all??? > > Have a look at this: (your wifi adaptor must be capable of access point mode, or you need to buy a dongle that is). https://owlhowto.com/how-to-create-a-wifi-hotspot-on-debian-12/ Note: I've never done this. -- Joe
Re: Work environment
On Sun, 26 Nov 2023 07:38:36 -0600 William Torrez Corea wrote: > On Fri, Nov 24, 2023 at 10:11 AM Darac Marjal > wrote: > > > > > On 23/11/2023 04:34, William Torrez Corea wrote: > > > > Why the people use two desktops and one laptop? > > What is the purpose? > > > > I could use a main laptop with Debian for software development > > (write code) and the other two desktop: > > > >1. Testing > >2. Server > > > > Without any context, it's hard to answer. But there are some > > possibilities: > > > > * Regardless of any other factor, desktops are bigger than laptops, > > so there is room for more hard drives, optical drives, more PCI > > cards etc. Therefore, someone might use a desktop computer for > > copying optical disks (e.g. two optical drives in the desktop) or > > they might use it for gaming (e.g. a large GPU in the desktop) > > > > * Typically a laptop is smaller, quieter and more energy efficient > > than a desktop. Someone might prefer to use the laptop for general > > office-type work (browsing the web, reading emails etc), while > > reserving the desktops for occasional use (e.g. a gaming night). > > > > * You mention a work environment, so there could be contractual > > reasons for maintaining physically separate computers. The > > computers could be at different classification levels; some of the > > computers could belong to a customer; some of the computers could > > have a very particular specification which virtualisation can't > > represent. > > > > * There could also be an aspect of hand-me-downs. If the three > > computers are significantly different in age, perhaps the user has > > upgraded their "workstation" over time, but continued to maintain > > their existing computers alongside. > > > > * Depending on how we interpret your question, there may even be the > > possibility that the computers are physically separated. A user > > might have one desktop in the office, a second desktop in "the > > lab", while also having a laptop for when they are working from > > home / on a client site / on the train. > > > > Why have a lot of computers if I can get a laptop workstation? As stated above, it depends on what you need a computer for. Typically, you will pay a lot more to get a laptop with the power of even a cheap desktop and you'll be buying a decently sized monitor, keyboard and mouse to use with the laptop. If you're only doing basic web browsing and email and don't need a big screen, you can do that with a mobile phone. You'll also need to plug and unplug these things if you take the laptop out. That's not trivial, many domestic grade connectors are only rated for a limited number of pluggings, sometimes as little as fifty. If nothing else, the spring parts of the connectors weaken. It's also inconvenient. Two or more computers let you continue working if one fails, and allows you to find out how to fix it from the Internet. If you're trying out networking features, such as Internet sharing, you'll need more than one computer. As it happens, I needed to do that about a month ago. Plenty of people with well-defined computing needs do just have a laptop and no desktop machine. I know several. But people using this mailing list/newsgroup tend to have more varied needs, and may not be the best people to ask about this. -- Joe
Re: IMAP vs POP was Thunderbird vs Claws Mail
On Sat, 18 Nov 2023 08:58:41 -0800 Peter Ehlert wrote: > thread back from the dead: > first, thanks for all of the input and wise suggestions > > I am going crazy with Thunderbird, and Claws too. > Now Claws has a calendar add-on, did not try it but maybe it will > suffice. > > My longtime web and email host support have been struggling to help > me, Kudos to webmasters dot com > > IMP vs POP ...the "web" seems to reverse the definitions! I don't > know who to trust > > I really want to keep messages on their server, space is Not an issue. > > Question: with IMAP is it feasible for a mail client to Leave > messages on the server? Yes, IMAP is server-oriented, POP3 is single-client oriented. It's not unusual for me to have my IMAP account open in more than one client simultaneously. If you're having problems, it may be to do with the email policy in use at the server, mostly password authentication. Standard IMAP port is 143, encrypted is 993 though often 143 will also accept encryption. If this area is likely to be the issue, try telnet to the IMAP server using port 143, you should get back a list of capabilities which may help. Oddly, though I'm using port 993 to my local server, it does not return any information from that port, only on 143. Presumably this is to assist security. $ telnet myserver 143 Trying 192.168.xx.yy Connected to myserver. Escape character is '^]'. * OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 LITERAL+ SASL-IR LOGIN-REFERRALS ID ENABLE IDLE STARTTLS AUTH=PLAIN] Dovecot ready. Any mention of SSL, TLS or AUTH is likely to be important. > > On 8/15/23 09:43, Peter Ehlert wrote: > > > > > > I am a long time user of Thunderbird. No real complaints, but the > > GUI has been slowly been changed. > > lately I have been struggling with that, trying to get it to be My > > Way. Minor success. > > > > also the .msf files have gotten Huge and that hinders rapid and > > easy backups. > > > > In the process I would like to do some housekeeping, fix a few > > filters and rearrange my copious folders. > > > > Question: do you folks recommend migrating to Claws Mail? > > the initial look and feel seems to be familiar and comfortable, but > > I know little of the history and stability. It goes back a couple of decades, and was originally a fork of Sylpheed, which also still exists. I've used it for at least five years, when I started to find TB too bloated and slow. I never used its calendar, I have an SQL-based calendar. Claws gets occasional bugs, irritating rather than serious e.g. currently, selecting an email in the list marks it as read, which is not always what I want, and is not normal behaviour. IMAP does folders, something that POP3 clients simulate but which really exist on an IMAP server, and I often want to drag an email to a folder while leaving it marked unread. It will get fixed. > > > > secondly, will I be missing the basic features such as Filters? No, I'm using quite a lot of filters on two Usenet groups in mine. Claws cannot compose HTML emails, which may be a showstopper for you. It can display HTML, though I always use plain text. If I really need to see HTML, such as when an unsubscribe link is buried in 100K of useless markup, I use a webmail client. I hate webmail. -- Joe
Re: claws-mail
On Mon, 13 Nov 2023 05:22:13 -0500 Jeffrey Walton wrote: > On Mon, Nov 13, 2023 at 4:42 AM wrote: > > > > I'm running bookworm on a Raspberry Pi 4b. > > mike@rpi4b3:~> uname -a > > Linux MikesPI 6.1.0-rpi4-rpi-v8 #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian > > 1:6.1.54-1+rpt2 (2023-10-05) aarch64 GNU/Linux This install didn't > > include exim4, postfix or anything supplying sendmail and fetchmail > > won't work without an MTA. I've set up several accounts in > > claws-mail for email accounts at att.net and gmail.com but so far > > haven't got them right to the point that claws-mail will collect > > mail from any of those accounts via POP mail. I'd appreciate any > > suggestions on how to get claws-mail working, so far the only > > suggestions I've gotten from the Raspberry Pi forum is to switch to > > thunderbird. I don't understand how either will handle local email > > like comes from cron or other system programs and I depend on > > several scripts to do daily checks on the system which cron emails > > me about on my buster system which has exim4, fetchmail and mutt > > installed. Obviously I can install those here too but suspect if I > > get this system set up correctly it should perform similarly. > > > > Any advice appreciated. > > I seem to recall IMAP is a better choice than POP when using Claws. > > Also see the CM wiki, and articles like > <https://www.claws-mail.org/faq/index.php/Using_Claws_Mail_with_Gmail>. > I use Claws, but from a local network IMAP server, using a network MTA. I wouldn't have thought POP should behave very differently. Claws with external accounts shouldn't need a local MTA, the SMTP server you have configured for the account is the MTA, which Claws will talk to directly. I think you must have a local MTA for some system emails to work, but there are very much simpler ones than exim4 to do that job. Someone else can probably help here, as I have exim4 on all my Linux machines. Thunderbird is a respectable email client but I find it very slow on normal PCs, and it will be glacial on a Pi, even a 4. Whatever the issue is which is stopping Claws may also affect TB. You got the TB advice because it's what most people are familiar with, not because it's any better for email than Claws. Having said that, TB has connection parameters built in for the big, well-known email providers such as Gmail and MS. Something that is sometimes difficult in these encrypted days is getting the right combination of ports and password protocols. The old unencrypted connection to port 110 for POP3 probably doesn't work anywhere now. -- Joe
Re: Password managers
On Sun, 12 Nov 2023 22:07:33 +0700 Max Nikulin wrote: > On 10/11/2023 01:48, Michael Kjörling wrote: > > KeepassXC if you want a primarily GUI solution which also happens to > > be open source. (There's also a command-line version keepassxc-cli > > which can either be driven from the command line or used > > interactively in a terminal session.) > > Having system booted from Debian Live image (assume some disaster), > how many packaged have to be installed to get access to passwords > stored by KeePassXC? > As always, it depends on what you already have. Much of that enormous list may already be there. From a fairly large sid installation: Install: libtspi1:amd64 (0.3.15-0.3, automatic), libzxcvbn0:amd64 (2.5+dfsg-1, automatic), keepassxc:amd64 (2.7.4+dfsg.1-2), libbotan-2-19:amd64 (2.19.3+dfsg-1, automatic) An alternative strategy is to keep the database backed up on a USB device or uSD card etc. I do that anyway for laptop use, not storing the database on the laptop itself. You could also install PortableApps (and KeepassXC Portable) on the card, and have the passwords available on any Windows machine without leaving anything behind on that machine. Whatever you do, it's always a good idea to copy the database to somewhere fairly safe whenever you update it. Or there are other rescue-type distributions which have keepasxc, such as Parted Magic. Knoppix has keepassx, but I'm not sure about file compatibility with that fork. -- Joe
Re: Alternative to NetworkManager on Debian 12
On Wed, 1 Nov 2023 12:19:47 +0100 "Marco M." wrote: > Am 01.11.2023 um 11:43:32 Uhr schrieb Alessandro Baggi: > > > I've read on an old email that many don't use NM for network > > configuration. I'm using it because I replaced some CentOS > > installation with Debian 12. > > > > What is the default method to configure the network? > > Desktop environments use the NM because it is feature-rich, offers > desktop and CLI tools, supports VPN and WiFi and more. > > My desktop has it because it's a dependency of Xfce4. Yes. I could remove it, but the days when it was known as Notwork Manager are many years gone, it's pretty reliable now so it's not doing me any harm. The principle 'if it ain't broke, don't fix it' long predates the computer era, but it applies at least a hundredfold to anything IT. I don't actually do anything with the NM user features on the desktop, which doesn't use VPN or get moved to any other network, but on the other hand I do find it useful on my laptop and netbook. Those are the devices used for messing about in other networks, or doing odd things like tethering wi-fi, and NM now correctly manages the dirty little details like DNS, routing and DHCP serving. I don't manage ssh with it, because stuff done over ssh is command-line so I may as well initiate the link that way as well. NM adds nothing to ssh. Of course, NM has never been anywhere near my server, which doesn't have a GUI. Horses for courses... -- Joe
Re: Domain name to use on home networks
On Wed, 25 Oct 2023 09:01:18 + Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > > I see lots of people in this sub-thread arguing for cobbled-together, > "it works for me for now and if it breaks I'll just fix it later" > style solutions. > > Not arguing about anything else, but this situation you describe is how IT works, and will continue to work until it stabilises, maybe a century from now. I have web pages on my home intranet written anything up to twenty years ago. The versions of HTML, PHP, Perl etc that I used in many of them are long obsolete. To do things right, I ought to go over that code line by line every year or two, checking current documentation to see what's deprecated, find out how to workaround it and fix it. Life's too short. So when I use a page I haven't used for years, there's a good chance it won't work, and I'll have to fix it then. So be it. Scale that up, and it's how the whole of IT works. Inevitably, things will break, hardware and software won't work on new operating systems, and so on. We have to live with it. Yes, it's nice to do things exactly correctly, but they are only exactly correct today. Tomorrow, they may be deprecated, and eventually removed. The exact situation you address may be set in stone for all time. Or it may not: it can be changed on a whim. All we can do is make the best choice at the time, and even then we have to guess at how much time we need to spend researching it in order to have a better choice than we can see now, and whether it's worth doing that when we don't even know that there is a better choice possible. -- Joe
Re: XFCE4 without panels
On Tue, 3 Oct 2023 17:25:09 -0400 wrote: > On Tue, 3 Oct 2023 21:53:36 +0100 > Joe wrote: > > > > I use the Third Option, the deskbar, which gives vertical panels at > > the side and as far as I can see, no spaces between anything, unless > > you actually place a separator. I use 36 pixels for the launcher > > panel and 44 pixels, on the other side, for open applications and > > notifications. The Applications icon has to be renamed to no more > > than four letters, as the text is horizontal in 36 pixels width, I > > call mine 'Main'. The panels can be set to a fixed size or to > > autosize, and I keep the right-hand one down a bit from the top. > > Some applications don't know to keep the panel area clear, and if > > it's right at the top, I lose the close widget as the panel stays > > on top of the application. The panels can be set to autohide, but I > > prefer to keep them open all the time. > > > > The analogue clock is 60 pixels wide to make it useful, and I leave > > it unlocked. Wherever it is placed it will obscure something at some > > time, so I leave it movable. > > Not sure what the "deskbar" is. However, I tried one last time to get > XFCE's panel to act right vertically on the left, it looks fine. So I > added polybar, and it's pretty much what I was looking for. > Good. On the panel dialog box, there is a dropdown which chooses between vertical, horizontal or deskbar. Vertical and deskbar behave slightly differently. -- Joe
Re: XFCE4 without panels
On Tue, 3 Oct 2023 14:58:48 -0400 wrote: > On Tue, 3 Oct 2023 17:20:01 +0100 > Joe wrote: > > > Is this a matter of principle for the OP, or does the panel > > interfere with something else? I have three panels, and for me they > > are the main point of running a DE rather than just a window > > manager. But one of them contains an analogue clock and nothing > > else (because I want it wider than the other two panels), and if > > the OP just wants to get rid of the program launchers and other > > widgets in the usual panel(s), this could be done to satisfy the > > 'at least one panel' requirement. Or a CPU monitor or something > > else useful if the clock isn't wanted. And it can be set to > > auto-hide so you don't even see it unless you deliberately tickle > > it. > > Motivation: I came from i3, where I had a "status bar" at the bottom > of the screen. I want that back, and I can use polybar for that. Since > I have a 1920x1080 monitor, and I want icons for my frequently used > apps on the left, vertically. Tint2 will do that. I use XFCE4 for two > reasons: 1) it is one of the least memory hungry window > managers/desktops environments, 2) it has a path toward Wayland, > which I would like to switch to some day. > > I believe The XFCE panel will go vertical, but it doesn't work right. > I just want a row of icons, period. But I can't figure out how to make > that happen; I get huge spaces between the icons. If you know how > that's done, let me know. > I use the Third Option, the deskbar, which gives vertical panels at the side and as far as I can see, no spaces between anything, unless you actually place a separator. I use 36 pixels for the launcher panel and 44 pixels, on the other side, for open applications and notifications. The Applications icon has to be renamed to no more than four letters, as the text is horizontal in 36 pixels width, I call mine 'Main'. The panels can be set to a fixed size or to autosize, and I keep the right-hand one down a bit from the top. Some applications don't know to keep the panel area clear, and if it's right at the top, I lose the close widget as the panel stays on top of the application. The panels can be set to autohide, but I prefer to keep them open all the time. The analogue clock is 60 pixels wide to make it useful, and I leave it unlocked. Wherever it is placed it will obscure something at some time, so I leave it movable. See if something like that works for you. -- Joe
Re: XFCE4 without panels
On Tue, 3 Oct 2023 16:39:11 +0300 Roland Mueller wrote: > XFCE4 panel ca be manually recreated by (as far as I remember) > right-clicking into empty desktop space and then opening settings. > > Other option is mentioned here: > https://docs.xfce.org/xfce/xfce4-panel/getting-started: > > Quote: "The panel will usually be started automatically as part of > your Xfce session when you start the Xfce Desktop Environment. > To manually start the panel, you can run xfce4-panel in a terminal." > > After starting the new panel you should able to add items and these > should appear the next time you start XFCE desktop. > > > ti 3. lokak. 2023 klo 6.30 Mike Castle (dalgoda+deb...@gmail.com) > kirjoitti: > > > I just tried this in a VM and it seemed to work. > > > > >From a command line: > > xfce4-panel -q > > find ~/.config | grep panel > > > > Remove the xfce4-panel.xml (I also removed the empty directory > > just named panel.) > > > > The lack of panels seems to have survived a reboot. > > > > I don't know if it is sufficient for every variation involving > > saving session state or what not. But might get you started in the > > right direction. > > > > If worst comes to pass, you might be able to put the xfce4-panel -q > > command in a shell script that automatically launches when you log > > in. > > > > Good luck! > > mrc > > > > Is this a matter of principle for the OP, or does the panel interfere with something else? I have three panels, and for me they are the main point of running a DE rather than just a window manager. But one of them contains an analogue clock and nothing else (because I want it wider than the other two panels), and if the OP just wants to get rid of the program launchers and other widgets in the usual panel(s), this could be done to satisfy the 'at least one panel' requirement. Or a CPU monitor or something else useful if the clock isn't wanted. And it can be set to auto-hide so you don't even see it unless you deliberately tickle it. -- Joe
Re: Does anyone own and use a Kindle Scribe?
On Tue, 03 Oct 2023 11:38:02 +0100 Eric S Fraga wrote: > On Tuesday, 3 Oct 2023 at 08:32, Sharon Kimble wrote: > > Yes, calibre is very good, and I've at last managed to get it to > > acknowledge the kindle scribe, but only by deleting most of the mtp > > programs that I'd been installing to try and get the scribe and my > > computer communicating with each > > [...] > > > QMessageBox, QLabel, > > ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PyQt4' > > Device 0 (VID=1949 and PID=9981) is UNKNOWN in libmtp v1.1.20. > > Please report this VID/PID and the device model to the libmtp > > development team > > It looks like there's still some mtp stuff potentially causing > problems? > > How did you install calibre? From the website directly or via apt? > Depending on the version of Debian you are using, the calibre from apt > may be more than good enough. The version on Debian 12 (Buster? > Bullseye? I cannot remember) is quite recent. > No. Trixie (testing) and sid (unstable) have an mtp-compatible version of Calibre, nothing earlier does. -- Joe
Re: Does anyone own and use a Kindle Scribe?
On Sun, 01 Oct 2023 15:02:49 +0100 Sharon Kimble wrote: > -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- > Hash: SHA512 > > Does anyone own and use a Kindle Scribe, and know how to access and > copy files to and from since it moved over to it being mounted as an > mtp device, please? As I'm getting desperate to copy files to it, > that I want to read! > Calibre 6.26 and later claims to support the Scribe. You don't mention your distribution, only testing and unstable have it in the repositories, but there is a binary download which contains all dependencies available: https://calibre-ebook.com/download_linux The author recommends using this download instead of a repository version anyway, "as those are often buggy/outdated." Calibre converts/creates ebooks and is generally a useful accessory for a Kindle or other hardware reader. No, I'm not on commission. -- Joe
Re: bookworm: xfce4-terminal bug?
On Sat, 23 Sep 2023 20:36:41 -0600 Charles Curley wrote: > On Sat, 23 Sep 2023 22:53:44 +0200 > Greg wrote: > > > I'm using mc in xfce4-terminal. To close mc you use F10 key. > > Unfortunately, the xfce4-terminal option > > Edit->Preferences->Advance->Disable menu shortcut key (F10 by > > default) Does not work. Whatever I set, F10 always activates menu. > > Which version of Debian and xfce4-terminal are you running? > > On Bullseye and xfce4-terminal 0.8.10 (Xfce 4.16) I have the menu > shortcut key disabled, and xfce4-terminal passes the F10 key to a > program running in that terminal (emacs -nw in my case). Indeed, I can > leave the window open and toggle the setting, and the terminal will > act appropriately. > > With no program running in the terminal, you should see a tilde (~), > which bash will expand properly. > > > The following also does not help: > > In the Settings Editor: > > On the left, under "Channel", scroll down and select > > "xsettings" On the right, under "Property | Type | Locked | Value", > > look for Gtk > MenuBarAccel > > Double-click on the row of "MenuBarAccel" to edit this property > > In the "Edit Property" dialog, delete the value F10 (leave it > > blank) and click Save. > > Mine still shows F10. I don't believe I've ever touched it. > I've got it on sid. I've reported it as bug 1050734. The other mc workaround is 10 on the menu bar at the bottom. -- Joe
Re: Not authorized to run synaptic
On Tue, 29 Aug 2023 10:11:01 -0300 Bruno Schneider wrote: > Apparently, some service needed to be restarted, because the problem > went away after a reboot. Perhaps policykit? > > Anyway, for future reference, I'm not on the sudo group and I found > nothing interesting on changelogs. Something (I guess pkexec) asks for > the root password (not the user's password) before allowing synaptic > to run and doesn't care whether the user is allowed to sudo (my user > is allowed). > That agrees with my experience. I don't use a sudo group, but I am of course in sudoers. As far as I'm aware, the only other application asking for the root password is gparted, though there may be other system applications that do. -- Joe
Re: Not authorized to run synaptic
On Mon, 28 Aug 2023 13:32:16 -0300 Bruno Schneider wrote: > Hi all, > > I'm running Debian Testing, using XFCE. I run synaptic package manager > from a launcher I made a few years ago. After a system upgrade today, > I can no longer run synaptic from the launcher. > > Using the command line (same command as the launcher), I got this: > > $ /usr/bin/synaptic-pkexec > Error executing command as another user: Not authorized > This incident has been reported. > > If I use sudo, then it works, but pkexec used to open a graphical > password input to run synaptic as root, which is what I want, for > opening it using the launcher. What did I break? > It's not obvious. I run synaptic from a standard menu launcher, where the command is just synaptic-pkexec. It then requests the root password before running. I'm on sid, which still ought to be very close to testing at the moment. -- Joe
Re: debian add mirror after installation
On Wed, 16 Aug 2023 10:09:11 +0200 Luna Jernberg wrote: > It can be good to have a non root user to do regular tasks, that does > not be root to not use extra privileges when its not needed Especially with a server, where you don't want the root user logging in remotely over ssh. > > https://www.howtogeek.com/737563/what-is-root-on-linux/ > > Den ons 16 aug. 2023 kl 09:54 skrev Weijun Lu > : > > > > Ask another question. > > The system installation wizard has created a non-root user. Will it > > have any effect if the user is deleted after the system > > installation is complete? (Solved root using key to log in) > > > > Luna Jernberg 于2023年8月10日周四 > > 15:44写道： > >> > >> https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList > >> > >> Den tors 10 aug. 2023 kl 09:01 skrev Marco : > >> > > >> > Am 10.08.2023 schrieb Weijun Lu : > >> > > >> > > 1. Is there a way not to select the network mirror site in the > >> > > installation wizard, and reconfigure the network mirror site > >> > > through dpkg-reconfig xxx and other methods after the system > >> > > installation is complete. > >> > > >> > Simply edit /etc/apt/sources.list after the installation. > >> > >
Re: logging no longer standard?
On Sat, 5 Aug 2023 15:09:41 + Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, > > On Sat, Aug 05, 2023 at 09:23:25AM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote: > > In any case, this is not a popular change. > > I don't think that's clear. I think that amongst a population of > people who care deeply about logging it's generally unfavourable, > and I myself don't particularly enjoy using journalctl so I'd kind > of sort of put myself in that category except you know what? I just > can't bring myself to get worked up over it. > > I think that the vast majority of Debian users just do not care > (or even know) and are content using journalctl. > > For those of us who do care, installing rsyslog takes seconds. > Disabling the systemd journal (if you want to)_ takes another few > seconds. This email took longer. But will the syslogs continue 'for the foreseeable future' or are there already plans to drop them from Debian? > > As such I'd file it as a reasonable change that I'm not 100% happy > about and has resulted in a couple of extra lines in the Ansible > playbook I use to provision machines. I don't think about it until > the next time there is a thread of people getting bent out of shape > over it. > > Whether on balance it is net positive or net negative I don't know. > > > I will also point out that this change is well-documented, both in > > the official release notes[1] and in the wiki.[2] Reading these > > resources before an upgrade is highly recommended. > > The release notes in particular are essential reading since > otherwise a person won't know about major components that have > changed, been replaced etc. Indeed, but they just tell us *what* stuff has changed, The job of finding out what has to be actually done in order to continue doing whatever we do, still has to be done, and that's time wasted. Obviously things have to change, but backwards compatibility is very important to minimise such wasted time, as far as possible. I'm not a professional, I've just run a home/small business server starting with sarge, and I consider that system administration time could be better spent either working or playing. In this fairly minor case, for example, I use 'tail -f ' at least once a week, mainly on syslog itself, debug (where my firewall logs to), daemon and exim4/mainlog. I'm sure there is a way to do this with systemd, but it's something else to learn, a bit more running just to stay still. -- Joe
Re: How could a standalone python binary executable be made from a python script, to be run on other computers that don't have python installed?
On Thu, 27 Jul 2023 17:46:59 +0530 "Susmita/Rajib" wrote: > From: Greg Wooledge > > But you REALLY need to go over to python.org and start learning. > > > > Yes, Mr. Cater told me. Ref: > https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2023/07/msg00637.html > > I have thanked him for that. Have talked about my ignorance of Python > virtualisation there. Ref: > https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2023/07/msg00645.html > > Yes, I now am considering that I might need to. But learning an entire > system just to address a minor need, can it be called efficient use of > available resources? I am evaluating. > Have you tried Google? For example: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Py2exe https://levelup.gitconnected.com/4-python-standalone-executables-for-a-simpler-app-interaction-d47b6a560919 https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/7608/python-executable-standalone-application/ Many, many, many people have asked what you have asked. There are probably more suggestions than these which came near the top of my quick search. I can't comment on them as I don't do Python myself apart from an occasional dabble with a Raspberry Pi (Pi for Python) or Arduino.script. -- Joe
Re: General Questions
On Tue, 25 Jul 2023 08:18:21 -0400 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Tue, Jul 25, 2023 at 07:53:52AM -0400, Dan Ritter wrote: > > Source Code wrote: > > > 3. Is it possible to reduce RAM consumption? And minimize it? > > > Let's say up to 100-200 mb? > > > > That depends on what you choose to run, and how. I would not > > recommend trying to do anything interesting on a machine with > > less than 256MB of RAM. That will not be enough for many common > > uses. > > According to > <https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/ch03s04.en.html> 256 > MB is the absolute minimum amount of RAM for installing bookworm on > an AMD64 machine, using the text installer and no GUI packages. > > However, if one is trying to set up a low-memory server of some kind, > especially in a virtual machine or similar environment, that's an > entirely different line of questioning. > > I'm guessing that's NOT the goal here, because the OP mentioned WiFi. > This leaves me somewhat perplexed. > Old laptop? -- Joe
Re: Wireless temperature & humidity measurement
On Fri, 14 Jul 2023 21:52:01 +0200 zithro wrote: > > Joe, out of curiosity, what are you using to display the graphs ? > If you didn't read above, I'm using jpgraph, a PHP lib. > Basic stuff, Imagick which is a PHP binding to some ImageMagick functions. -- Joe
Re: Wireless temperature & humidity measurement
On Fri, 14 Jul 2023 09:27:12 +0200 Bruno Kleinert wrote: > Hello, > > I'm looking for a wireless way to measure temperature and humidity > indoor with hardware off the shelf and software included in Debian 12 > bookworm. > > Sensors --> Radio --> Receiver --> Any typical PC interface, e.g., > USB, Ethernet. > > I don't need a visual interface, but plan to process measured values > in shell scripts. > > Do you have any hardware recommendations and can you share experience? > > I've used a DHT22 for a few years for this. https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Sensors/Temperature/DHT22.pdf Hardware off the shelf but not software. I have a pair of XBee (Zigbee compatible) radio transceivers, an Arduino at the sensor end to format and time the data a bit, and a serial-USB converter to put the receiver output into my server. Then a bit of scripting to log the received data, and a bit of PHP to make a 7-day graph web page of T and H. Boot script to set up the serial port and initiate logging on reboot. There are probably better and cheaper ways to do it now. I had a spare pair of XBees, but Chinese 433MHz PCBs are much cheaper. On the other hand, you need to add your own validation to make sure you're not trying to interpret nearby doorbell rings and weather stations. The XBees have serial numbering and other features built in, in fact you need the manufacturer's application (Windows only, of course) to configure them. -- Joe
Re: Synaptic Problem
On Fri, 7 Jul 2023 15:17:57 -0400 "Stephen P. Molnar" wrote: > I have just installed Bookworm without any problems. > > However, synaptic has developed a problem: > > Google has not found a solution that works. > > I would appreciate suggstions. > > Would you maybe consider telling us what the problem is? -- Joe
Re: Why does Debian have code names for releases?
On Tue, 04 Jul 2023 11:33:20 +0100 "mick.crane" wrote: > On 2023-07-03 23:34, Emanuel Berg wrote: > > tomas wrote: > > > >> Or is "metric" one of these things spared by the > >> Brexit Bonfire? > > > > It depends which gear your camp is since the metric system is > > partly implemented and partly co-exists > > British Standard Pipe still in use for plumbing and 1/4", 3/8" of > specification I forget for camera mounts. > Either Whitworth or UNC will work. Only the thread angle is different, by five degrees, so they are in practice interchangeable. -- Joe
Re: Why does Debian have code names for releases?
On Sat, 01 Jul 2023 10:45:54 -0400 Stefan Monnier wrote: > > But I can't see what's wrong with codenames. It's not just a > > "tradition", it's standard practice in most fields of endeavour. > > You slap a name on a project, and everyone knows what they're > > talking about. Unlike numbers, names are memorable and unambiguous > > (when well-chosen). > > AFAICT codenames are common before a project is released. They're > much less common afterwards. > > > You don't have to memorize all of Debian's codenames in order, do > > you? > > I regularly have to figure out which of Buster/Bookworm/Bullseye/... > is stable/testing/oldstable, and I must admit that I tend to forget > and end up having to look it up. > > > Three Bs in a row didn't help. -- Joe
Re: package managers problem
On Sat, 17 Jun 2023 11:57:57 +0100 Joe wrote: > On Fri, 16 Jun 2023 18:41:08 -0400 > Greg Wooledge wrote: > > > On Fri, Jun 16, 2023 at 06:35:48PM -0400, gene heskett wrote: > > > 0 upgraded, 164 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. > > > Need to get 44.5 MB of archives. > > > After this operation, 206 MB of additional disk space will be > > > used. > > > > I really don't understand why people want a GUI package manager at > > all. The last time I used anything even remotely *close* to a GUI > > package manager was dselect, back in the previous century. And that > > was a curses (terminal) interface, not an X11 one. > > > > In the last two decades, I haven't used or wanted anything fancier > > than apt(-get). > > > > Now, granted, this is just my personal stance. I may be atypical. > > That said, what exactly does a GUI package manager offer you, that > > you can't get from "apt install thing-i-want"? > > > > I run sid on my main workstation, and sometimes it gets in a muddle, > with fifty packages not upgradable. OK, if it's a big group of related > packages and a key one hasn't been upgraded yet, there's nothing to be > done about them. But often another thirty packages can be upgraded, > but only in a specific order. I find synaptic much quicker at > clearing this kind of logjam than either apt-get or aptitude. It's > easy to select half a dozen packages and see easily what will be > removed if you try to upgrade, and I once cleared a logjam of about > fifty packages that neither apt-get nor aptitude could deal with. It > was a matter of upgrading a few at a time, and in a particular order, > and I'd have spent all day trying to do that with the other apt tools. > > And no, I don't like to postpone upgrading sid for too long, > particularly at this stage in the lifecycle. > I don't usually follow myself up, but this is relevant: tonight there were seven packages in unstable to upgrade, and all were held back. I knew about three, they are waiting for a dependency, but the others were calibre and three dependencies. I switched to Synaptic to get a better picture of what was holding them up (yes, I know that can be done from the command line and I even know how to do it, but I prefer Synaptic for that job), and lo and behold, they just upgraded without complaint. I don't know why apt wouldn't do it, there's probably a bug there, but this is unstable and everything is transient... -- Joe
Re: package managers problem
On Tue, 20 Jun 2023 17:34:45 -0400 gene heskett wrote: > My fav editor, geany is also > dead for roots use for exactly he same reason, but runs just fine as > me. So there is a common problem. Well, you could do it the right way: edit as you with geany in a work directory, copy to/from the real location with a root-powered file manager, such as mc under sudo in a terminal. Alter owner/perms as required with mc. That way still allows mistakes to be made, but you made a renamed copy of the edited file before you started, didn't you? Using a non-gui graphical application such as mc can also help with discipline: doing something in mc? Then be damn careful, because you're probably root. I hardly ever use mc unprivileged, I have GUI file managers for non-root work. -- Joe
Re: package managers problem
On Tue, 20 Jun 2023 10:51:13 -0400 gene heskett wrote: > gene@coyote:~/Pictures$ sudo synaptic > [sudo] password for gene: > Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 keyUnable to init server: Could not > connect: Connection refused > Failed to initialize GTK. > > Probably you're running Synaptic on Wayland with root permission. > Please restart your session without Wayland, or run Synaptic without > root permission Sorry, I've come in late here, but can you not run Synaptic from the standard menu entry? It issues the command synaptic-pkexec, as others have said. I believe policykit does not allow the use of Synaptic with sudo, only with the root password. I'm on Xfce4 on sid. Loads of Wayland lib stuff, definitely no Wayland graphics. -- Joe
Re: How does the bookworm amd64 netinst 738MB iso fit into a 700MB cd-r?
On Mon, 19 Jun 2023 05:51:09 +0800 siso wrote: > Hi, > > On Mon, Jun 19, 2023 at 3:32 AM Thomas Schmitt > wrote: > > > > You ran into a known bug of cdrskin which will be fixed by version > > 1.5.6. It did not even try to burn more than the official number of > > blocks. > > > > Nevertheless it most probably would not have worked, because 36 MiB > > of overburning is just too much for a "700 MB" CD. > > The bug saved my drive fortunately. Yay for that. > > > > And there it went, one good cd. FATAL indeed. > > > > Sorry for that. > > Don't worry about it. It was my poor attempt at tongue-in-cheek humour > :). Just lost one CD-R. The drive is still working fine, i think. > > > After fixing option -force i added quite some warning to the man > > page of cdrskin: > > > > -force > > Assume that the user knows better in situations when cdrskin > > or libburn are refusing because of concerns about drive or media > > state. > > Caution: Use option -force only when in urgent need. > > ... > > First consider to use a medium with more capacity rather > > than trying to overburn a CD. > > > > There are "800 MB"/"90 minutes" CD-R which could take the ISO. > > > > One reason for being able to overburn at all are "900 MB"/"100 > > minutes" CD-R media. They cannot announce their full capacity to > > the drive, because together with the wasteful lead-in and lead-out > > areas they exceed the addressing limit of 100 minutes. > > I see what i missed. I had no idea that 800MB or even 900MB CD-R > existed. Have only seen 700MB CD-R. Which explains my disbelief that > Debian would make a cd iso that couldn't fit into a standard cd. My > bad. But still it is a surprise to me that nobody thought this > deserved a mention in the release notes. I wonder if we are seeing the > last of CD-R as a Debian install medium. Wait, there is still the mini > iso. Ha, CD-R will live on. :) > > > Have a nice day :) > > I appreciate the detailed reply very much. Thank you for taking the > time. You have a nice day too. > Just a thought: Knoppix has never considered 700MB much of a limit. "Because of its transparent decompression, up to 2 gigabyes of executable software can be present on a CD, and up to 10GB on a single-layered DVD." https://www.knopper.net/knoppix-info/index-en.html -- Joe
Re: package managers problem
On Fri, 16 Jun 2023 23:03:59 -0400 wrote: > > Please forgive my ignorance. But from what I've heard, apt and apt-get > manage packages differently, and aptitude does it differently as well. > Why isn't there a ONE WAY for packages to be managed? You'd think this > would a high priority for the Debian team. If the answer is, "We don't > want to break stuff from long ago", why not just deprecate things over > time? > > And why hasn't anyone made a Wayland-native port of Synaptic? Is it > planned? If not, why not? > As far as I know, apt is pretty much apt-get with a few extra bells and whistles, such as automatic clearing of the cache. Aptitude is different in that it tries harder to resolve difficult dependency situations, and generally does better i.e. it will sometimes produce a solution where apt-get will give up and leave half the packages unchanged. The cost is time, which increases sharply as the number of packages to be upgraded rises. I don't generally use it with sid, which gets a lot of upgrades, often three or four hundred at a time after only a few days. I did once leave aptitude running all night, and it still hadn't found an answer by morning. This is when, as I replied to Greg, I'd use synaptic to pick off as many easy upgrades as possible, until I got to the point where nothing else would go, and I'd have to wait for other upgraded packages to become available. -- Joe
Re: package managers problem
On Fri, 16 Jun 2023 18:41:08 -0400 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Fri, Jun 16, 2023 at 06:35:48PM -0400, gene heskett wrote: > > 0 upgraded, 164 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. > > Need to get 44.5 MB of archives. > > After this operation, 206 MB of additional disk space will be used. > > > > I really don't understand why people want a GUI package manager at > all. The last time I used anything even remotely *close* to a GUI > package manager was dselect, back in the previous century. And that > was a curses (terminal) interface, not an X11 one. > > In the last two decades, I haven't used or wanted anything fancier > than apt(-get). > > Now, granted, this is just my personal stance. I may be atypical. > That said, what exactly does a GUI package manager offer you, that > you can't get from "apt install thing-i-want"? > I run sid on my main workstation, and sometimes it gets in a muddle, with fifty packages not upgradable. OK, if it's a big group of related packages and a key one hasn't been upgraded yet, there's nothing to be done about them. But often another thirty packages can be upgraded, but only in a specific order. I find synaptic much quicker at clearing this kind of logjam than either apt-get or aptitude. It's easy to select half a dozen packages and see easily what will be removed if you try to upgrade, and I once cleared a logjam of about fifty packages that neither apt-get nor aptitude could deal with. It was a matter of upgrading a few at a time, and in a particular order, and I'd have spent all day trying to do that with the other apt tools. And no, I don't like to postpone upgrading sid for too long, particularly at this stage in the lifecycle. -- Joe
Re: bookworm upgrade report: boring
On Tue, 13 Jun 2023 16:32:51 +0200 Vincent Lefevre wrote: > On 2023-06-12 18:00:58 +0100, Joe wrote: > > Yes. I run a fairly customised exim4, and during one upgrade, I > > think either to or from etch, I kept my configuration, and it broke > > the exim4 installation. Exim4 was unconfigured, so it wouldn't run, > > but dpkg-reconfigure couldn't work either. Even a purge wouldn't > > enable reinstallation, and I had to resort to manually deleting > > files. > > What files? If these are files under directories like /etc or > /usr/local (where the user can put his one things), this is not > normal, and I suppose that a bug should be reported. Otherwise, > this is not surprising. > This is many years ago, and I can't recall. Certainly after purging exim4 and reinstalling, it would not configure. I removed whatever references to exim4 I could find, and it then installed correctly. -- Joe
Re: bookworm upgrade report: boring
On Mon, 12 Jun 2023 08:50:54 -0400 Celejar wrote: > On Sun, 11 Jun 2023 12:31:31 -0400 > Dan Ritter wrote: > > > > > The machine I am typing on has been upgraded from bullseye to > > bookworm. TL;DR: boring, which is good. > > ... > > > I read the release notes. > > > > Changed sources.list entries. > > > > Ran apt update. > > > > I ran apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs before apt full-upgrade. > > Then I rebooted. > > > > Everything's working. In the end, I didn't make any config > > changes (left everything as "keep current config"). > > This is the part that always stresses me out; I often have changes in > the default config files that I don't want to lose, but I'm also > worried about not getting the latest versions of the config files. I > usually try to accept the new files and manually bring in any > important changes I've made to the old ones, but this takes time and > patience to do right, and things can break if not done right :) > > Yes. I run a fairly customised exim4, and during one upgrade, I think either to or from etch, I kept my configuration, and it broke the exim4 installation. Exim4 was unconfigured, so it wouldn't run, but dpkg-reconfigure couldn't work either. Even a purge wouldn't enable reinstallation, and I had to resort to manually deleting files. I've had more and more trouble with each version, so this time I'll be fresh installing. I suppose it's less trouble with a workstation. -- Joe
Re: Isn't KDE Live ISO accompanied by an ultra-light Windows Manager, like OpenBox is with LXDE?
On Mon, 29 May 2023 11:30:52 +0530
"Susmita/Rajib" wrote:
>
> The problem with these two environment and manager respectively is
> that even if a GUI package is installed, there is no guaranty that a
> menu entry would be generated mandatorily within the menu list. For
> example, I installed `hardinfo` today, but the menu-list wasn't
> updated with a respective menu-item. "System Profiler and Benchmark",
> until I logged off and then back on to OpenBox.
>
> >From Manjaro forum I was recommended that KDE Plasma is the ideal DE
> >
> where menus are fully customisable.
>
As are they in Xfce, and everywhere else that uses the standard
freedesktop.org menu.
To make it easy, I use the Gnome package alacarte:
$ apt-cache show alacarte
Package: alacarte
Version: 3.44.2-1
Installed-Size: 534
Maintainer: Debian GNOME Maintainers
Architecture: all
Depends: python3:any, gnome-menus (>= 3.5.3), python3-gi,
gir1.2-gtk-3.0, gir1.2-gmenu-3.0 (>= 3.5.3), gir1.2-glib-2.0,
gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0
Description-en: easy GNOME menu editing tool
Alacarte is an easy-to-use menu editor for GNOME that can add and edit
new entries and menus. It works with the freedesktop.org menu
specification and should work with any desktop environment that uses
the spec. Description-md5: ea89a81c038b7864336ed55a2783b93b
Multi-Arch: foreign
Homepage: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/alacarte
Tag: admin::configuring, implemented-in::python, interface::graphical,
interface::x11, role::program, scope::utility, suite::gnome,
uitoolkit::gtk, use::configuring, x11::application
Section: utils
Priority: optional
Filename: pool/main/a/alacarte/alacarte_3.44.2-1_all.deb
Size: 84176
MD5sum: b7c49c1a6438bb32755d1a67d06d7455
SHA256: 32d1be88bd9f52c540ea3f6d7c10ac2b92a47ecbb78a6fee0ac5e4837b913977
To use alacarte ('Main Menu' under Settings) with one of the minor
applications that don't have an automatic desktop menu (and you may
find that your menu has an 'Other' entry which lists all these) then
you need to find its executable with whereis.
$ whereis hardinfo
hardinfo: /usr/bin/hardinfo /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hardinfo
/usr/share/hardinfo /usr/share/man/man1/hardinfo.1.gz
The /usr/bin/.. or /usr/sbin/.. is the one you want, enter this into
alacarte in your chosen category e.g. system.
If you want an icon for it, you'll need to find a suitable one and use
alacarte to select it.
--
Joe
Re: os-prober Just a Rant
On Fri, 26 May 2023 22:15:53 + (UTC) bw wrote: > > There is an etc/default/grub.d, which by analogy with other .d > > directories, can contain user overrides which are not touched by > > upgrades, but I made a quick attempt here which failed and I didn't > > have time to mess around with it. I can't find an example of doing > >it correctly on the Net, which is surprising, all the references I > >find are just for /etc/default/grub. Maybe someone here knows the > >right way? > > > > -- > > Joe > > $ cat /etc/default/grub.d/grubtweak.cfg > # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update > # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. > # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: > # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' > > # see /etc/grub.d/40_custom > GRUB_DEFAULT=plasma > > GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash ipv6.disable=1 loglevel=3 > acpi_backlight=vendor" > > # use video=SVIDEO-1:d to fix screen flicker prob on two screens w/ > plasma desktop # can do this in 40-custom, SVIDEO-1 does not appear > in fluxbox? # i915 is broken, disabling video outputs doesn't work > > GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" > > #GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=y > > GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER="true" > Thank you. -- Joe
Re: how to create bootable usb stick from iso file
On Fri, 19 May 2023 10:22:36 +0800 hlyg wrote: > On 5/18/23 19:33, Bret Busby wrote: > > You might want to read > > https://www.theregister.com/2021/12/10/friday_foss_fest/ > > > > > Thank Bret Busby! downloading ventoy requires subscription, it's very > bad it publish message digest without message > I don't think so. I've just downloaded it here https://github.com/ventoy/Ventoy/releases/tag/v1.0.91 without being asked for any information. The author *asks* for contributions, like many do, but there's no compulsion. -- Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Wed, 17 May 2023 12:18:17 +0200 Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > Am Tue, May 16, 2023 at 07:26:41PM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > Hello Joe, > > > On Tue, 16 May 2023 12:29:02 +0200 > > Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > > > > > Am Tue, May 16, 2023 at 11:02:50AM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > > > > > Hello Joe, > > > > > > [...deleted a lot...] > > > > On Tue, 16 May 2023 10:44:03 +0100 > > > > Joe wrote: > > > > > > > > > > One idea is to try a minimalistic window manager as twm to > > > > > > find out if the issue is related to xfce. > > > > > > > > > > OK, tried twm and fvvm. Both unusable, as a left-click brings > > > > > up a menu for a fraction of a second. Couldn't log out of > > > > > either, had to switch to console and uninstall them. But they > > > > > confirm the mouse problem. It's obviously fairly fundamental. > > > > > > > > > > Just tried previous kernel, but also bad. I can assume by now > > > > > that nobody else has seen this problem. > > > > > > > > Just as a sanity check, I booted Knoppix, and of course there's > > > > no problem, it's just an order of magnitude too slow from USB > > > > to do anything useful. > > > > > > Now it seems as if the issue is related to X or the driver stuff. > > > I have three ideas. > > > > > > 1. Do you have any xorg.conf things in /etc or the related > > > directories? Nowadays X is not so bad in guessing the hardware > > > which makes xorg.conf and such obsolete. If there are X config > > > files it might be worth to move them to a safe place and to try > > > without them. > > > > I can't find anything. This is a relatively new sid (installed on > > new hardware, opportunity to get rid of some junk) and I have never > > needed to mess about with X. > > > > > > 2. It is unlikely, but it might be that some of the xinput related > > > programs or libraries have been corrupted. It might help to > > > reinstall them. > > > > I have nothing in the apt cache, so I'll need to locate debs. I > > eventually gave up and copied out the (possibly) offending upgrade > > log and added newlines so it was actually readable. What jumped out > > then were three xserver packages (from a total of 118). I located > > previous versions in the cache, installed them, rebooted and > > confirmed they were now running, and... just the same. > > My only remaining idea is that packages have been corrupted during > download. This is not likely but can have multiple root causes. > > I do not know if apt or dpkg check the integrity of the packages > before installation. I also do not know by heart how to check them > manually. > > If this does not help I am running out of ideas. Me too. > I do not think that it is a hardware issue because Knoppix works. > I do not think that it is a general issue of sid because then the same > issue would have been seen by other users. > It should be related to "something" on your machine. Yes, to all of that. I'm getting closer to reinstalling, which is an admission of defeat. Thank you for your time and efforts, and everyone else who responded. If I do have any success I'll report back. As well as the bug report... Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Wed, 17 May 2023 10:07:42 +0100 Joe wrote: > > > > If you are able to get a terminal running under your > > crippled X11 [1], then it'd be interesting to compare > > the output of "xinput --list --long" between a working > > and a non-working config. > > OK, done for sid, I'll boot into Knoppix when I have a moment. > > There's only one difference, repeated in three places: Sid version: ⎜ ↳ MOSART Semi. 2.4G Wireless Mouse id=9 [slave pointer (2)] Reporting 7 classes: Class originated from: 9. Type: XIButtonClass Buttons supported: 9 Button labels: "Button Left" "Button Middle" "Button Right" "Button Wheel Up" "Button Wheel Down" "Button Horiz Wheel Left" "Button Horiz Wheel Right" "Button Side" "Button Extra" Button state: Class originated from: 9. Type: XIValuatorClass Detail for Valuator 0: Label: Rel X Range: -1.00 - -1.00 Resolution: 0 units/m Mode: relative Class originated from: 9. Type: XIValuatorClass Detail for Valuator 1: Label: Rel Y Range: -1.00 - -1.00 Resolution: 0 units/m Mode: relative Class originated from: 9. Type: XIValuatorClass Detail for Valuator 2: Label: Rel Horiz Scroll Range: -1.00 - -1.00 Resolution: 0 units/m Mode: relative Class originated from: 9. Type: XIValuatorClass Detail for Valuator 3: Label: Rel Vert Scroll Range: -1.00 - -1.00 Resolution: 0 units/m Mode: relative Class originated from: 9. Type: XIScrollClass Scroll info for Valuator 2 type: 2 (horizontal) increment: 120.00 flags: 0x0 Class originated from: 9. Type: XIScrollClass Scroll info for Valuator 3 type: 1 (vertical) increment: 120.00 flags: 0x0 34c34 < increment: 120.00 --- > increment: 15.00 I don't know how significant this is. The scroll wheel in both distros seems to work normally, and it's the interpretation of a mouseover as a click or scroll which is the problem. -- Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Wed, 17 May 2023 06:35:54 +0200 wrote: > On Tue, May 16, 2023 at 08:07:51PM +0100, Joe wrote: > > On Tue, 16 May 2023 13:43:26 -0500 > > Kent West wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > Just for kicks, unplug the keyboard and see if the mouse starts > > > behaving. > > > > > > No, no change. > > No surprise. People still barking up the hardware tree, > while all evidence is pointing up the software tree :) I think so. > > - change came with an upgrade Probably, nothing else was changed or installed around that time. I have rolled back the kernel and the three xserver packages to no effect, and there seem to be no other possible suspects. But there were 118 packages, including several libraries. > - change from wireless mouse to wired: no effect > - other distro: mouse works > > If you are able to get a terminal running under your > crippled X11 [1], then it'd be interesting to compare > the output of "xinput --list --long" between a working > and a non-working config. OK, done for sid, I'll boot into Knoppix when I have a moment. > > My hunch would be that something's rotten in the state > of Sid. Definitely. I'm hoping to avoid reinstalling, at least partly because I may well just reinstall the problem, but GIMP and.some other things are unusable at the moment. > > Thanks for your help. Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Tue, 16 May 2023 12:29:02 +0200 Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > Am Tue, May 16, 2023 at 11:02:50AM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > Hello Joe, > > [...deleted a lot...] > > On Tue, 16 May 2023 10:44:03 +0100 > > Joe wrote: > > > > > > One idea is to try a minimalistic window manager as twm to find > > > > out if the issue is related to xfce. > > > > > > OK, tried twm and fvvm. Both unusable, as a left-click brings up a > > > menu for a fraction of a second. Couldn't log out of either, had > > > to switch to console and uninstall them. But they confirm the > > > mouse problem. It's obviously fairly fundamental. > > > > > > Just tried previous kernel, but also bad. I can assume by now that > > > nobody else has seen this problem. > > > > Just as a sanity check, I booted Knoppix, and of course there's no > > problem, it's just an order of magnitude too slow from USB to do > > anything useful. > > Now it seems as if the issue is related to X or the driver stuff. > I have three ideas. > > 1. Do you have any xorg.conf things in /etc or the related > directories? Nowadays X is not so bad in guessing the hardware which > makes xorg.conf and such obsolete. If there are X config files it > might be worth to move them to a safe place and to try without them. I can't find anything. This is a relatively new sid (installed on new hardware, opportunity to get rid of some junk) and I have never needed to mess about with X. > > 2. It is unlikely, but it might be that some of the xinput related > programs or libraries have been corrupted. It might help to reinstall > them. I have nothing in the apt cache, so I'll need to locate debs. I eventually gave up and copied out the (possibly) offending upgrade log and added newlines so it was actually readable. What jumped out then were three xserver packages (from a total of 118). I located previous versions in the cache, installed them, rebooted and confirmed they were now running, and... just the same. > > 3. The comparison of Xorg.log of Debian and Knoppix may give some > indication. They look broadly similar, although it is easy to miss things among that much output. -- Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Tue, 16 May 2023 10:44:03 +0100 Joe wrote: > On Mon, 15 May 2023 22:18:12 +0200 > Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > > > Am Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:57:38PM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > > > Hello Joe, > > > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 19:35:23 + > > > "Andrew M.A. Cater" wrote: > > > > > > > On Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:15:42PM +0100, Joe wrote: > > > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 13:26:06 -0500 > > > > > Kent West wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > On 5/15/23 11:57, Joe wrote: > > > > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Then go from there. > > > > > > > > > > > Not much to go on so far. Thanks for your suggestions. This > > > > > looks like a bug in an upgrade, but I can't see evidence of > > > > > anyone else seeing it. > > > > > > > > > > This is the real problem with running sid: not that things > > > > > break, but that they only break for me. > > > > > > > > > > > > > If you run sid, you are absolutely expected to be able to > > > > resolve any problems you encounter. If it breaks, you get to > > > > keep both pieces. That's the contract with sid, more than with > > > > the other tranches of Debian (which comes with no overall > > > > warranty). > > > > > > > > If you want increased stability and less shiny new stuff, you > > > > run stable or, if you feel able to help debug and develop it, > > > > testing. > > > > > > > > Them's the breaks: and, as ever, DontBreakDebian by mixing > > > > different suites. > > > > > > > > > > Yes, I know all that, I've been running sid since sarge was > > > stable, and only had to reinstall twice in that time. > > > > One idea is to try a minimalistic window manager as twm to find out > > if the issue is related to xfce. > > OK, tried twm and fvvm. Both unusable, as a left-click brings up a > menu for a fraction of a second. Couldn't log out of either, had to > switch to console and uninstall them. But they confirm the mouse > problem. It's obviously fairly fundamental. > > Just tried previous kernel, but also bad. I can assume by now that > nobody else has seen this problem. Just as a sanity check, I booted Knoppix, and of course there's no problem, it's just an order of magnitude too slow from USB to do anything useful. -- Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Mon, 15 May 2023 22:18:12 +0200 Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > Am Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:57:38PM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > Hello Joe, > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 19:35:23 + > > "Andrew M.A. Cater" wrote: > > > > > On Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:15:42PM +0100, Joe wrote: > > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 13:26:06 -0500 > > > > Kent West wrote: > > > > > > > > > On 5/15/23 11:57, Joe wrote: > > > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Then go from there. > > > > > > > > > Not much to go on so far. Thanks for your suggestions. This > > > > looks like a bug in an upgrade, but I can't see evidence of > > > > anyone else seeing it. > > > > > > > > This is the real problem with running sid: not that things > > > > break, but that they only break for me. > > > > > > > > > > If you run sid, you are absolutely expected to be able to resolve > > > any problems you encounter. If it breaks, you get to keep both > > > pieces. That's the contract with sid, more than with the other > > > tranches of Debian (which comes with no overall warranty). > > > > > > If you want increased stability and less shiny new stuff, you run > > > stable or, if you feel able to help debug and develop it, testing. > > > > > > Them's the breaks: and, as ever, DontBreakDebian by mixing > > > different suites. > > > > > > > Yes, I know all that, I've been running sid since sarge was stable, > > and only had to reinstall twice in that time. > > One idea is to try a minimalistic window manager as twm to find out if > the issue is related to xfce. OK, tried twm and fvvm. Both unusable, as a left-click brings up a menu for a fraction of a second. Couldn't log out of either, had to switch to console and uninstall them. But they confirm the mouse problem. It's obviously fairly fundamental. Just tried previous kernel, but also bad. I can assume by now that nobody else has seen this problem. Thanks for your help, Joe
Re: Mouse trouble on sid
On Mon, 15 May 2023 22:18:12 +0200 Christoph Brinkhaus wrote: > Am Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:57:38PM +0100 schrieb Joe: > > Hello Joe, > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 19:35:23 + > > "Andrew M.A. Cater" wrote: > > > > > On Mon, May 15, 2023 at 08:15:42PM +0100, Joe wrote: > > > > On Mon, 15 May 2023 13:26:06 -0500 > > > > Kent West wrote: > > > > > > > > > On 5/15/23 11:57, Joe wrote: > > > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Then go from there. > > > > > > > > > Not much to go on so far. Thanks for your suggestions. This > > > > looks like a bug in an upgrade, but I can't see evidence of > > > > anyone else seeing it. > > > > > > > > This is the real problem with running sid: not that things > > > > break, but that they only break for me. > > > > > > > > > > If you run sid, you are absolutely expected to be able to resolve > > > any problems you encounter. If it breaks, you get to keep both > > > pieces. That's the contract with sid, more than with the other > > > tranches of Debian (which comes with no overall warranty). > > > > > > If you want increased stability and less shiny new stuff, you run > > > stable or, if you feel able to help debug and develop it, testing. > > > > > > Them's the breaks: and, as ever, DontBreakDebian by mixing > > > different suites. > > > > > > > Yes, I know all that, I've been running sid since sarge was stable, > > and only had to reinstall twice in that time. > > One idea is to try a minimalistic window manager as twm to find out if > the issue is related to xfce. OK, thank you, busy now, will try later. > > The second idea could be to run apt-get autoremove - but I am not sure > if this is a good idea for a non standard Debian installation. For the > standard installations it is recommended to get rid of outdated > libraries. But since you seem to be a long time Debian user I do not > tell you anything new. > I did that after the big update, as a kernel was involved and significant space could be recovered. Thanks. -- Joe
Re: How to run a command / script on startup automatically in linux?
On Mon, 15 May 2023 20:26:09 +0200 wrote: > On Mon, May 15, 2023 at 10:44:37PM +0530, Susmita/Rajib wrote: > > My dear illustrious List members and leaders of the Debian-users > > group: > > [...] > > > I saved a file at "/etc/systemd/system/" named "rc-local.service" > > with the following lines: > > [...] > > > I also added the line in the file /etc/rc.local: > > mousepad > > > Is it this mousepad? > > mousepad/stable 0.5.2-1 amd64 > simple Xfce oriented text editor That's the only one I ever heard of. I use it, mostly as a clipboard where the usual copy/paste is having trouble, or if I want to make alterations before pasting. > > > But the program doesn't launch at startup. Where I am going wrong? > > Does it fail to start because the command is run before the GUI > > starts up? > > Then yes: system startup is "too early". Most probably you don't even > want to have it running as a "system program", but as a "user > program", under your user ID and whithin your (user) graphical > session. > > In this case, I'd look at what possibilities your desktop environment > (or window manager) offer. They usually have a way to start programs > at session start (at which point all the environment your mousepad > will need is set up). Indeed. If the OP is running Xfce, then Settings, Session and Startup in the main menu allow applications to be started on login. But this is the simple answer, and it may be that the OP is more concerned with learning system autostart procedures, in which case a GUI application like Mousepad isn't the right one to play with. Running something like an iptables script without using iptables-persistent might be a better choice. -- Joe
Re: No space left on device ...
On Sun, 14 May 2023 21:04:01 -0400 Jeffrey Walton wrote: > On Sun, May 14, 2023 at 8:32 PM Albretch Mueller > wrote: > > > > I have been mounting an NTFS file system on a Windows laptop without > > any problems whatsoever with a Debian Live DVD: > > > > $ uname -a > > Linux debian 5.10.0-18-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.140-1 (2022-09-02) > > x86_64 GNU/Linux > > > > and even though Linux utilities are telling me I do have space on > > the drive: > > > > $ date; sudo df -h | grep "Filesystem\|/dev/sd" > > Sun 14 May 2023 06:55:23 PM UTC > > Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on > > /dev/sda1 286G 167G 120G 59% /media/user/60320G593EB7250F > > $ > > > > $ date; time sudo du --summarize --human-readable > > /media/user/60320G593EB7250F Sun 14 May 2023 07:13:43 PM UTC > > 166G/media/user/60320G593EB7250F > > > > real0m45.230s > > user0m1.073s > > sys 0m15.443s > > $ > > > > when I try to save or download a file I consistently get the same > > error message: > > > > $ cp "No space left on device" > No_space_left_on_device.txt > > bash: No_space_left_on_device.txt: No space left on device > > > > that started happening right after a WiFi connection at a library > > was shutdown, which I waited for with my script running, accessing > > the Internet, because I wanted to test such a case. Script > > "gracefully" worked as programmed to do, but that other error > > started right after the connection was cut off. > > > > I have no idea how could those two things be related! Why would that > > happen? Any suggestions, please? > > I don't know if it's related... > > I seem to recall the GNUlib folks talking about a cp bug on sparse > files. It looks like it may be fixed in coreutils release 9.2 > (2023-03-20): > https://github.com/coreutils/coreutils/blob/master/NEWS#L233 > > If I recall correctly, it had something to do with the way > copy_file_range worked. (Or maybe, it did not work as expected). > First thing to try is to boot back into Windows and see if there is a message about the drive. If so, let Windows 'fix' it. I've had cases where the drive was not cleanly unmounted and Linux has mounted it read-only. Windows was able to repair it, whatever the problem was. -- Joe
Re: User is not in the sudoers file
On Mon, 8 May 2023 10:16:33 -0500 Igor Korot wrote: > Hi, ALL, > Is there a reason for the default install > I immediately get the error in the subj? > > Basically trying to run: > > [code] > sudo apt-get install > [/code] > > Thank you. > Sudi itself requires configuration as it does not by default allow privileges for any user. Here's the quick way in Debian: https://documentation.arcserve.com/Arcserve-UDP/Available/V6.5/ENU/Bookshelf_Files/HTML/Agent%20Online%20Help%20Linux/Content/AgentforLinuxUserGuide/udpl_config_sudo_debian.htm Here's more information about sudo, allowing much more flexibility than using the sudo group: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/sudo The Arch Linux site is generally very useful for Debian users. -- Joe
Re: How do I report a problem about Debian 12 not reading USB pen drives?
On Thu, 20 Apr 2023 09:51:27 -0400 John LeRoy wrote: > Hello, > The Subject is my question. > Debian 12 on my computer can't read USB pen drives. The drives are > read correctly on a similar computer running Debian 11. > I have registered on the Debian Forum, but can't find an entry about > this problem. > I would like to report this as a bug, or at least get help diagnosing > the problem. > You will need more data to make a useful bug report or get help from us here. On the offending machine, open a terminal window, type: sudo tail -f /var/log/syslog and return. If you don't have/use sudo, then su to root, syslog needs root permission to read. Now plug in a USB stick. You should see many lines of text added. At the moment, try the same procedure with the good computer, see if the logs look approximately the same. You're looking for an 'sdX' appearing as the stick is mounted, X depending on what other drives you have. If this isn't happening, you won't see anything on the stick, as you describe. In that case, copy and paste the log lines from the problem machine and post here. From a terminal window, copy by using ctrl-shift-C instead of the usual GUI ctrl-C. Oh yes, you stop the tail command by using ctrl-C first. -- Joe
Re: How: Require root password instead of user password for GUI programs
On Thu, 6 Apr 2023 11:04:13 -0400 Jeffrey Walton wrote: > On Thu, Apr 6, 2023 at 8:36 AM B.M. wrote: > > > > I configured my system such that some users are in group sudo, but > > they are asked for the root password instead of just their user > > password by creating a file within /etc/sudoers.d/ with the line: > > > > Defaults rootpw > > > > This is working just fine, but for graphical applications it > > doesn't work: e.g. to start synaptic I get a password prompt > > requiring my user password, not the root password. > > > > How can I configure my system such that entering the root password > > is also required in these cases? > > > > (Maybe there is something with polkit, but I couldn't figure out > > myself...) > > May be helpful: > https://askubuntu.com/questions/1199006/how-to-let-polkit-request-root-password-instead-users-password > > And possibly > https://askubuntu.com/questions/1246661/defaults-rootpw-for-the-gui-password-prompt > > Jeff > On Debian, it is my experience that a default installation of Synaptic always requires the root password. It is invoked by synaptic-pkexec. -- Joe
Re: Question for this IP's PTR
On Fri, 24 Mar 2023 20:32:31 -0400 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sat, Mar 25, 2023 at 08:28:03AM +0800, f...@dnsbed.com wrote: > > Greetings, > > > > as you see this PTR, > > > > $ dig -x 1.1.1.1 +short > > one.one.one.one. > > > > so 2.2.2.2 can have the PTR two.two.two.two? and 3.3.3.3 can have > > three.three.three.three? > > Any IP address can have any PTR value. You just have to petition the > owner of the IP address range to set it. > > I didn't know .one was a valid TLD. It looks like .two is not, so if > someone were to assign "two.two.two.two" as the PTR value of an IP > address, that PTR would not resolve back to any IP address. (An IP > address block owner might reject such a petition.) > In general, at this time, a mail server will look at the IP address of a potential sender, check the PTR, then check for an A record matching the PTR, pointing back to the IP address. The PTR does not (currently) need to be related to an email domain using the address. A competent ISP will have set up its IP addresses with complementary PTR-A record pairs. Unfortunately, many use PTRs in the form x-11-22-33-44 which is perfectly valid, but may be rejected by mail servers as likely spammers (mine does). If you already have a PTR-A pair that doesn't look like this (e.g. is some form of your user name or account reference) you're probably OK. The relevant RFC allows (or did when I last looked) multiple PTR records for one IP address, but I don't think there's much software which can deal with that, or will return more than one. On the other hand, it's quite common for a single mail server to deal with many domains, so it's not reasonable to expect a sender or HELO/EHLO to match the PTR. My email server checks for a complementary PTR-A pair that can both be found in public DNS, and goes no further. I believe that is a typical setting. -- Joe
Re: solution to / full
On Wed, 1 Mar 2023 13:33:32 -0500 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Wed, Mar 01, 2023 at 06:12:09PM +, Brian wrote: > > On Wed 01 Mar 2023 at 17:43:41 +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > > > [...] > > > > > In a pinch, you can "sudo apt-get clean", which purges the APT > > > package cache, which lives in /var. You didn't show us /var, > > > which might be interesting too (/var/log, in case some logs > > > aren't rotated properly?) > > > > There should not be any actual packages in /var/cache/apt. > > This depends on whether one uses "apt" or "apt-get" or some other > program to install packages. By default, "apt" removes the .deb files > from /var/cache/apt/archives/ after installing them, but "apt-get" > does not. For other programs, who knows. > I've just asked about this but forgot to mention that I use apt, I'll only use apt-get if a version upgrade recommends it. As I said, I have a fairly well-used archives directory. I do recall, when apt became a thing, reading what you posted there about apt removing the debs. There must be a configuration which prevents that. -- Joe
Re: solution to / full
On Wed, 1 Mar 2023 18:12:09 + Brian wrote: > On Wed 01 Mar 2023 at 17:43:41 +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > [...] > > > In a pinch, you can "sudo apt-get clean", which purges the APT > > package cache, which lives in /var. You didn't show us /var, > > which might be interesting too (/var/log, in case some logs > > aren't rotated properly?) > > There should not be any actual packages in /var/cache/apt. What should cause/prevent that? On unstable, I have a /var/cache/apt/archives directory, from which apt autoclean, which I do occasionally, recently removed about 5G of packages (obviously too occasionally). There's still quite a bit there as it was only autoclean and I prefer to keep downloads around for a while, as this is unstable. -- Joe
Re: Partitioning an SSD?
On Thu, 16 Feb 2023 08:59:58 +0100 Nicolas George wrote: > pa...@quillandmouse.com (12023-02-15): > > Here's why you would partition a drive. Reinstalling (which I end up > > having to do every time Debian comes out with a new version > > Debian is not Ubuntu, major upgrade do not break the system. > That's the way it used to be, back in the days of sarge, etch, lenny... Stretch installed perfectly dual-boot with Win 10 on an EFI Acer netbook, but upgrading to Buster broke booting to grub. It actually broke EFI booting completely, but I've been able to restore booting at least to Windows. And yes, I've tried everything the Net can suggest. On another machine, upgrading Buster to Bullseye broke it beyond my ability to fix, so I installed Bullseye from scratch. Upgrades are definitely a lot more trouble now, and yes, I do realise that each release is bigger and more complicated than the last. -- Joe
Re: try to cleanup
On Thu, 16 Feb 2023 09:57:49 +0100 "Maurizio Caloro" wrote: > Hello > > > > i try to cleanup little me Debian 10.13, i thinking that have a zoo > from > > diffrent version from PHP running and in me opinion are same component > > future running, in diffrent version, or ist this normal, you have > this also on > > your machine? > > ->like: common, xml, readline, bcmath, mysql, cli, gd, and so on. > > > > exist here the possibilites to filter, which are running, or not in > use? > > or it's this impossible?, then any programm has diffrent requirements. > > Mostly, new versions of php are backward compatible, so the newest version may be all you need. But some features are removed from new versions, particularly with a major version change, so sometimes old applications require an older version of php. Normally applications are updated if something vital is removed, but not all old software is maintained properly. I've had to remove 7.4 from my unstable installation as it was preventing several upgrades, and nothing I've used since seems to have broken. But unless you are incredibly short of drive space, then it is usually best to leave things installed until you have a definite reason to remove them, as I did. If it ain't broke -- Joe
Re: Passwords
On Tue, 17 Jan 2023 15:02:03 +0100 steve wrote: > Le 17-01-2023, à 08:07:02 -0500, Greg Wooledge a écrit : > > > > > >If you went in via a Live CD, and mounted the Debian root partition, > >the next step is to chroot into the Debian root partition. Then you > >can run "passwd root" in the chroot shell. Then exit from the shell, > >and unmount the Debian partition. > > chroot can be tricky for newcommers… > No harder than the easy first bit of an installation (i.e. language, keyboard etc.) About two or three minutes gets you to the point where you can select a root drive and chroot into it, all the mounting details handled for you. -- Joe
Re: Passwords
On Tue, 17 Jan 2023 09:51:46 +0100 DdB wrote: > Am 17.01.2023 um 07:14 schrieb Stanislav Vlasov: > > вт, 17 янв. 2023 г. в 11:01, David : > >> Looking on the internet it says the passwords are stored in > >> /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow > > > > In /etc/shadow only password's hashes, some data, one-way > > calculated from password string. > > > >> The password string in /etc/shadow looks as if it's encoded, how > >> can I read this string? > > > > You can't. > Everyone (and their friend) seem to know, how to work around this, > which apparently is common debian knowledge (which is nice). It's common Internet knowledge generally. Google will find you a method, and will also find you a utility to fix a lost password in Windows, if you can trust it. > > But somehow, i feel there could be more caring about avoiding to teach > future hackers by accident. Is this kind of lesson appropriate for a > users list? - I doubt it. > First rule of security: keep your computer physically secure. If it's portable, encrypt it, if it isn't, generally don't, because encryption really is impossible to recover if the key is lost. My laptop isn't encrypted, but all significant data is stored in a VeraCrypt volume. I don't care if the machine is booted by a thief, because I'll never see it again, and I have backup copies of the data. -- Joe
Re: Limiting ssh access: by MAC Address?
On Tue, 3 Jan 2023 17:30:48 -0500 Dan Ritter wrote: > Tom Browder wrote: > > Is it possible to use UFW to limit ssh access to a server by an > > external host by its MAC address? > > > > I now have a permanent IPv4 address for my home IP router and would > > like to access my home server from my laptop when away from home, > > but allow no other external access. Is that possible? > > Not via MAC address, no. MAC addresses are only visible inside a > local area network, and disappear when routing happens to a new > network. > > You should use an SSH public/private key, that you have tested > before you leave, and you should use something like this in your > sshd config: > > allow_users tomb > > which will narrow the range of acceptable users (before any > other user auth happens) to just people who know your username. > > Just a slight bit of obvious polish on that: set up a user name specifically for this, with no link at all to your real name, email name etc. Use something like a password if you like, (near) random letters. Also use a long passphrase for the private key, mine is around thirty characters. You can also use an unusual port, with either the server accepting ssh on that port, or the router translating it to 22 when forwarding. Before anyone puts finger to keyboard, this improves security only microscopically (though I've only ever been portscanned once in 25 years, I think ISPs frown on it) but it does keep the logs clean, no small advantage. -- Joe
Re: Topic: Problems with USB Sticks
On Fri, 30 Dec 2022 21:16:31 + debian-u...@howorth.org.uk wrote: > > Hello group. Hello Joe. > > Thank you for your Email. > > > > Sorry, I did bad asking. > > So I split the question. > > > > 1 > > How can I repair USB stick which is readable but not writable? > > > > question 2 > > What did I do wrong to create this problem? > > You didn't tell us what you actually did, and especially which bits > you think might be a mistake, so it's very difficult for us to answer > this question. > > For example, you might have hit them with a hammer, or connected them > to the wrong voltages, or washed them in a bath, or who knows what? Or > you might have plugged them in correctly but used some sequence of > commands that has caused a problem. But until you tell us what you > did, we can't know which bit was wrong! > I mentioned probably the simplest thing: failing to unmount before removal on a Windows machine. This sometimes causes problems which cause Linux to refuse to mount the device read/write. Windows can usually fix it, though I suppose there may be data loss. It's entirely possible that doing the same thing on Linux would sometimes cause similar problems. -- Joe
Re: no sound after installing pulseaudio
What worked for me was running alsamixer from the terminal and unmuteing the main control and turning the volume all the way up. rebooted then tested with pavucontrol.. Hope this helps > On Dec 23, 2022, at 5:42 AM, lou wrote: > > Christoph, your "pactl list" command didn't work because i didn't reboot > buster after installing pulseaudio, Thanks anyway! > >
Re: t-bird vs filters to sort msgs
On Sun, 11 Dec 2022 12:39:31 -0500 gene heskett wrote: > > So I need a WORKING email agent, with or without fetchmail & procmail. > And it looks like after 20 years, I am going to have to learn how to > use a brand new to me emailer. Neither mutt, nor alpine, has docs for > a beginner that aren't buried 2+ more directories deep in > /usr/share/doc. > > No man pages... > > So at this point I guessing that I need a fetchmail/procmail front > end as I don't find any references to account setups for either one. > Is my macular degeneration of my 88 yo eyes hiding that from me? > You might look at Claws-mail. I've no idea of the extent of the documentation, as I moved to it from TB and never needed documents. I confirm that filtering certainly works, as I use it with a newsgroup that is unusable unless about forty names/subjects are dumped. It has bugs, and is no use if you use testing, as it has (temporarily, I hope) been removed from there. So I'm not using testing until it comes back. -- Joe
Re: problem getting debian live to run
On Sun, 4 Dec 2022 04:21:47 + (UTC) L Dimov wrote: > On Thursday, December 1, 2022, 10:12:21 PM GMT+1, Andrew M.A. Cater > wrote: > > > > I try hard not to use the live CD but to use the normal Debian > installer instead. > > I take your point, but when things get tough, it's worth trying the latest Knoppix CD download. Knoppix cannot normally be cleanly updated, so it is of no use as a working distribution, but it specialises in detecting and running recent hardware. If it does run OK (it certainly ought to if Mint does), then we can go through the process of finding out what it is using that the standard Debian installation does not provide. It is based on Debian, mainly sid, so anything it can do, Debian can usually also do once we know what is required. If later drivers are needed that require a later infrastructure or kernel than stable provides, we may be out of luck. I've tried installing testing from scratch recently, claws-mail is missing completely, and there are library problems. -- Joe
Re: Topic: Problems with USB Sticks
On Sun, 27 Nov 2022 13:38:21 + Schwibinger Michael wrote: > Topic: Problems with USB Sticks > > > Good Morning. > We have about 20 USB Sticks. But we have trouble with some. > I think we made mistakes. > The easy problem, one stick is only readable. How can we make ist > with Linux in terminal writable? If this is not possible, then how > can we make the stick clean and use for write and read? > > Bigger problem: > some sticks are not accepted by computer. > Some are lights up, but terminal is not recognizing them. > Others, there is no reaction bei putting in. > Are they totally destroyed? > > The first thing to try is, in a terminal: sudo tail -f /var/log/syslog (stop this listing using ctrl-C when you're finished) then look at the output when you plug in a stick. The messages will vary a bit, but you are basically looking for a) many lines of output b) that a USB device is recognised c: that it is allocated a drive designation e.g. sdd d) that any partitions are listed as e.g. sdd1, sdd2 etc. The first three items are essential for the stick to work. If they don't happen, something is broken. If the first two do not happen, the stick is probably permanently broken. There may not be any partitions on the stick, many sticks are formatted as one memory range, and do not even have a partition table. This should allow you to see which of your sticks are completely destroyed, and which may be recoverable. There have been USB sticks with a tiny read-only switch fitted, but I haven't seen one like that for many years. If not, your read-only device may have a filesystem too corrupt for the software to risk writing to. Also, Windows seems to be able to leave sticks in this state if they were not properly unmounted. If that is likely to have happened, it's possible that Windows can fix it without reformatting. Assuming a stick has been given a drive name, then fdisk should work on it, and should show the size, any partitions and other data. fsck should also work and show any filesystem corruption. fsck can probably fix some of these sticks, though there will have been data loss due to the corruption. If fsck shows errors but cannot fix them, it's time to reformat the device, and no data will be recoverable. Any stick which has been given a drive designation, and been formatted, and still doesn't work properly is probably broken beyond repair. -- Joe
Strange error!
Hello, I don't know if this is the wrong form but I'm using dwm and trying to add the centermaster patch but I get errors --- - joe@debian:~/dwm$ sudo make install clean - dwm build options: - CFLAGS = -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Os -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -DVERSION="6.4" -DXINERAMA - LDFLAGS = -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lX11 -lXinerama -lfontconfig -lXft - CC = cc - cp config.def.h config.h - cc -c -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Os -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -DVERSION=\"6.4\" -DXINERAMA drw.c - cc -c -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Os -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -D_DEFAULT_SOURCE -D_BSD_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -DVERSION=\"6.4\" -DXINERAMA dwm.c - dwm.c:2350:1: error: redefinition of ‘centeredmaster’ - 2350 | centeredmaster(Monitor *m) - | ^~ - dwm.c:2247:1: note: previous definition of ‘centeredmaster’ with type ‘void(Monitor *)’ - 2247 | centeredmaster(Monitor *m) - | ^~ - dwm.c:2405:1: error: redefinition of ‘centeredfloatingmaster’ - 2405 | centeredfloatingmaster(Monitor *m) - | ^~ - dwm.c:2302:1: note: previous definition of ‘centeredfloatingmaster’ with type ‘void(Monitor *)’ - 2302 | centeredfloatingmaster(Monitor *m) - | ^~ - make: *** [Makefile:18: dwm.o] Error 1 --- I know how to patch a little I've patched about 4 layouts already. Never ran into this The guys over at #suckless take a while to respond on irc so I decided to reach out Thanks Joe B [Joe B - Chat @ Spike](https://spikenow.com/r/a/?ref=spike-organic-signature&_ts=1tvfry) [1tvfry]
RE: Realplayer seg.fault
Hello, This is an old thread about 2003ish i found it browsing the lists, i noticed that your post dosen't have the >> next to the quote you have pipes | on all of the quotes. how did you do that? I'm trying to find a solution to the >> > that other people can view normally when looking through a quote so it looks more professional. IF you don't reply i understand this is 19 year old thread lol. but if you do please let me know Thanks Joe B
Re: Explaining snapshots (for backup)
On Tue, 15 Nov 2022 09:27:05 -0500 rhkra...@gmail.com wrote: > I'm not really clear on the concept of a snapshot (for backup) -- > I've done a little googling but haven't found an explanation that > "satisfies" me. > > In this email I want to hyptothesize on what a snapshot might be in > the hope that others can correct / amplify it when I go wrong. > > Starting from a beginning, I suppose I could copy the entire contents > of whatever I wanted to make a snapshot of (by any of a variety of > tools -- dd, cp, ...) and call that a snapshot, although the more > common name for it would be a "full backup". > > Later, I could copy any files (as files) that have changed since the > date I made the full backup and call that a snapshot. (I might use > find to identify the files that have changed, and then any of a > variety of tools to actually copy them somewhere (and call that a > shapshot).) > > I suppose it wouild be possible to do something like this at a block > level, that is copying only blocks of a file which have changed. > (Not sure which commands might help me do that, but I don't think I'd > really be interested in doing that.) > > I also hear (i.e., read) statements from which I infer that some > snapshots included only the metadata of the files (or blocks???), but > I'm not sure of the value of either of those to me -- how can you > reconstruct a possibly missing file (or block) from the metadata? > > Thanks! > LVM can be used to make a snapshot, which can then be copied to make a consistent backup. Here's one tutorial, there are others: https://devconnected.com/lvm-snapshots-backup-and-restore-on-linux/ It's obviously easier if you already use LVM for your filesystems. You need unallocated space, preferably as large as the entity you are copying, though on a quiet system you can get away with less. If you run out of space during the snapshot, it is worthless, and you need to start again. You can create an LVM volume on an external drive. Here are a couple of explanations of LVM snaphots, which is somewhat similar to how the Shadow Copy function of Windows works: https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/LVM_Snapshots_Information https://documentation.suse.com/sles/12-SP4/html/SLES-all/cha-lvm-snapshots.html -- Joe
Re: support for ancient peripherals
On Sun, 06 Nov 2022 00:30:58 -0400 Stefan Monnier wrote: > > You can find serial to USB adapters, but it will require some manual > configuration, tho I suspect you already had to do that in Buster, so > it should keep working pretty much the same (except the serial device > will have a different name in `/dev/). > I have several serial-USB devices, but they are not all the same. All I have needed for a long time is Tx, Rx and ground, sometimes just Tx or Rx. But some peripherals will need handshake lines, and serial adaptors vary in provision of these. None of them provide the full RS-232 set, of course. I have one of these in permanent use and three for general purposes. Of those three, two have only the signal lines and ground, one also has DTR and CTS, which is the bare minimum for handshaking. I no longer have any idea of what a serial mouse needs, though possibly only RX and ground on an adaptor. On the other hand, serial mice were around when PCs ran at a fraction of the speed of today's and might have provision for handshaking. -- Joe
Boxed Distributions
Dear Debian Friends, I was hopeful that you guys can point me in the right direction on where to recieve boxes distributions of Debian. Is there any way you guys can put me on a distribution list for the beautiful boxed distributions for Debian? I respect the fact Debian stands for excellence and hard work and would love to see the boxed distros in my area. Thank you guys kindly. I left my address / email / and phone if you decide to email me or call me. I would love to have a boxed distribution of all great Debian releases. You guys are awesome Sincerely, Joe Roberts II Address Joe Roberts II 2075 Browns Fork Rd Hazard, KY 41701 Phone - 1-606-335-8099
Re: Failure in fuse3 hook prevents initramfs update
Further follow-up: the problem appears to be that something else has already put mount.fuse3 in the initramfs. Replacing the failing line with copy_exec /sbin/mount.fuse3 /sbin || true allows me to create the initramfs, and the system boots, but I doubt it's an optimal solution.
Re: Failure in fuse3 hook prevents initramfs update
didier gaumet writes: > Le 27/10/2022 à 00:52, Joe Pfeiffer a écrit : >> I'm trying to do an update to my Debian 11 system, and keep getting the >> following failure: >> E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/fuse failed with return 1. >> Trying to get a little more information, I ran >> update-initramfs -u -v -k all >> and after many lines of output, got: >> Adding binary /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libe2p.so.2.3 >> Calling hook fuse >> Adding binary /sbin/mount.fuse3 >> E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/fuse failed with return 1. >> I reported this as a bug against fuse3 last Saturday, but to date >> haven't heard anything from the maintainer. >> https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1022252 >> So... any ideas what's going on? And more importantly what can I >> do >> about it? >> > > Hello, > > I do not know well initramfs but initramfs-tools(7) manpage states: > [...] > KERNEL HOOKS > initramfs-tools includes hook scripts that are called by kernel > packages on installation and removal, so that an initramfs is > automatically created, updated or deleted as necessary. The hook > scripts do nothing if the environment variable INITRD is set to No. > This will be the case for kernel packages built with make > deb-pkg and with CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD not set in the kernel > config, or built with make-kpkg and not using the --initrd option. > [...] That seems pretty specific to kernel packages. Though that man page points me to a command called lsinitramfs, which lets me see the contents of an initrd; the two I currently have out there both have /usr/sbin/mount.fuse3, but no /sbin at all. Tried editing the fuse hook to put the command in /usr/sbin, but no joy. > So I suppose that for whatever reason, fuse3 package has been > uninstalled but the fuse3 hook has not been removed. > > Depending on what you want (fuse3 installed or not), I would suggest > either cleanly purge or reinstall fuse3 package. I have to have it, as other packages depend on it. Tried reinstalling, still no joy. I've also tried both upgrading and downgroading fuse3 and initramfs-tools, still with no success. I can't see how the copy_exec for fuse is any different than the ones for other filesystems... thinking just in case, I also took a look at the next command in the script, which is manual_add_modules fuse in case that's what's actually failing; it doesn't look any different from any of the other manual_add_modules commands in the directory.
Failure in fuse3 hook prevents initramfs update
I'm trying to do an update to my Debian 11 system, and keep getting the following failure: E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/fuse failed with return 1. Trying to get a little more information, I ran update-initramfs -u -v -k all and after many lines of output, got: Adding binary /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libe2p.so.2.3 Calling hook fuse Adding binary /sbin/mount.fuse3 E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/fuse failed with return 1. I reported this as a bug against fuse3 last Saturday, but to date haven't heard anything from the maintainer. https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1022252 So... any ideas what's going on? And more importantly what can I do about it?
Re: debian freezing
On Mon, 17 Oct 2022 13:05:14 +0200 Pierre Frenkiel wrote: > Since I installed Debian11, it happens from time to time (generally > when I leave the system unattended), that everything freezes: > > keyboard and mouse. > > I found on several blogs some silly recommendations, involving typing > something. I say "silly" because in that case in I can't do anything: > > neither with the keyboard nor the mouse Ah, the good old 'Keyboard error: Press F1 to continue' trouble. > > when I say "frozen" it means "frozen" (may-be "dead" would be a > better word, as the computer doesn't answer to ping) > > and the only thing I can do is reboot, being after that obliged to > re-install. As others have said, it shouldn't be necessary. If your computer fails to reboot after the problem, there is the way to begin troubleshooting. I think you have to be fairly unlucky to get a file vital to operation damaged in a crash. > > I tried running the screensaver,but the problem remained. > > Has anybody a solution? > As the others have said, hardware is the most likely problem. Some component being more stressed than with previous versions, some new driver with a bug, some item being used it a way that it wasn't in the last version, etc. Having said that, my netbook occasionally doesn't wake up after suspend, in fact it never goes to sleep properly. The computer's status LED stays at 'run' on suspend, does not change to 'standby', and nothing ever works again. Only recoverable by use of the Big Red Switch, which these days is just a matter of holding down the power button. Boring. But this occurrence is rare enough that it's not easily investigated (whoever said 'Insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results' had never had to repair an intermittent fault. Nor rolled dice, either, despite also having said 'God does not play dice'). I doubt that you will find the logs useful. When this has happened to me, the logs just stopped at the crash, they never recorded anything useful just before. Sorry I can't be of more help, but this kind of thing is very rare these days, even with Windows, so there's not really a general solution, or even a likely way to troubleshoot. One long shot: it's worth opening up and clearing out any dust you find, Debian 11 might just be stressing the CPU a little more, enough to cause thermal trouble in something else due to increased heat. In that case, the CPU should detect the higher temperature and slow down, so it probably isn't that which is failing. If it's a desktop, it's worth reseating all the connectors, which is also worth doing with a laptop but is usually much more difficult. -- Joe
Re: systemd automount unit: run only when server is reachable
On Mon, 12 Sep 2022 09:31:07 +0200 Jürgen Bausa wrote: > Using Linux now for a long time I am still not really familiar with > systemd and have a question on its usage. I am sure this is not the > best place to ask it (I know, its off-topic), But posting to other > lists I didnt get an answer. So if you know a better place to ask it > please point me there. > > I am using systemd automount units (see below) to mount network > shares on my laptop (debian bullseye). This works fine in principle > but I have one big issue: > > At home it is enough to set TimeoutSec to 2 s in the mount unit. > Normally the server is available and the share is mounted. If the > server is down I need to wait for just 2 s until I see it is not > there. Thats ok. > > But when not at home and using a vpn, the mount unit will not mount > with TimeoutSec set to 2 s. I need to set it to at least 10 s. Then > the mount works. But using 10 s means I always have to wait 10 s for > each share the system tries to reach and is not available. This is > really annoying when starting libreoffice for example (which seems to > check for the last used documents on startup). > > What I would like to do is to put a test for server availabilty (e.g. > ping -c 1 $SERVER) into the automount file. When the server is not > available, automount is not run. Is this possible? Or do I need to > create a spcial unit and put something like > > Requires=nfs-server-online.target > > in my automount unit? And how would the nfs-server-online unit look > like? > > What I am doing at the moment is running a script that checks > availability of the nfs server every some seconds (via ping) and > turns on/off the automount unit accordingly (via systemctl start/stop > mnt-share.automount). This works, but its not a very elegant > solution. I am pretty sure it can be done better using systemd only. > > I have a number of shares (samba rather than nfs) listed in /etc/fstab with the noauto and x-systemd.automount options, among others. Without the noauto it will assume every fstab entry is required for booting and will hang on boot if it can't find one. With both, it automounts at first access, and therefore may never mount if it's not needed for anything. I would assume it would work similarly with nfs instead of cifs. -- Joe
Re: Why are some Debian bugs ignored for a long time?
Chuck Zmudzinski writes: > On 8/19/2022 6:59 PM, Andy Smith wrote: >> Hello, >> >> On Fri, Aug 19, 2022 at 05:06:38PM -0400, Chuck Zmudzinski wrote: >> > On 8/19/2022 4:44 PM, piorunz wrote: >> > > On 19/08/2022 18:57, Chuck Zmudzinski wrote: >> > > > I have noticed that some Debian bugs are ignored for a long >> > > > time, sometimes even when the person who submitted the bug >> > > > offered a patch. The Debian developers/maintainers sometimes >> > > > don't even reply and therefore never explain why the proposed >> > > > patch cannot be applied. Why is that the case with Debian >> > > > developers/maintainers? >> > > >> > > Hi Chuck, >> > > >> > > Maybe because developers/maintainers are not paid by the hour, but mere >> > > volunteers, don't you think? >> > >> >> > you are saying if a Debian user experiences a bug in Debian >> > software, Debian developers/maintainers do not have to fix it. >> >> That is a direct consequence of the meaning of the term "volunteer"; >> you may as well have said, "water is wet". Volunteers cannot be >> forced to do work, else they are not volunteers. > > The fact that Debian is created by volunteers and therefore the chances are > high that users might run into problems and not get help from the volunteers > who alone have the power to fix the problems is a fact that Debian users, and > all users of free software, need to keep in mind. This is equally true of commercial software: if the company feels it's a low-enough impact bug it won't get fixed. Commercial software has the additional risk that a product may simply be withdrawn from the market. With cloud-based commercial software, this means it could completely fail to function (one that's particularly noticeable is that as companies withdraw from the home automation space, consumers are discovering their smart home has suddenly become completely dumb).
Re: auth log full with
On Sun, 14 Aug 2022 16:07:03 +0200 Matthias Böttcher wrote: > Am So., 14. Aug. 2022 um 09:51 Uhr schrieb Reco > : > > > Personally I don't use fail2ban for sshd. Because why bother with > > userspace (written in python too, yuck) if the kernel does the same > > job? I.e. block M$ AS, China Telecom AS and maybe add Eastern > > Europe to the mix, and you've just reduced the number of offending > > logins by two orders of magnitude. > > Hi Reco, > > how do I block these ip ranges? > Which source can I use to determine the geo location of ip addresses? https://geotargetly.com/ip-geolocation-databases > Is there a Debian packet? > Synaptic turns up 'location'. I've never used it, so I know nothing about it. Banning countries by IP address was a non-starter ten years ago. You wouldn't believe how fragmented the address space has become, as CIDR blocks originally allocated to one country are found to be under-used and parts get allocated to other countries. If your only concern is cleaner logs, then run your ssh server on a different port. I've done that for over twenty years and have no problems with clogged logs or bots trying brute-force password attacks. I'm on keys, anyway. Most Internet routers can let in packets bound for any port, and rewrite them as going to port 22 on the ssh server. Alternatively, sshd can use any port. Disclaimer: I'm well aware that this strategy *provides* *no* *additional* *security*, but it seems to discourage break-in attempts. I don't expect it to keep the CIA out. This disclaimer was added for the benefit of... well, you know who you are. -- Joe
Re: Can I install Debian operating systems for money?
Roger Price writes: > On Wed, 10 Aug 2022, Andy Smith wrote: >> I had a negative experience with LPI about 15 years ago where I >> signed up for one of their tests at a conference (FOSDEM) just out >> of interest and then in the weeks afterwards I was bombarded with >> marketing emails. > > My apologies for an off-topic comment, but this convinces me of the > value of having multiple e-mail addresses, with specific addresses for > people like LPI. > > Roger I run bogofilter, which catches almost all my spam, and have a .procmailrc file with black and white lists. A cron job every morning emails me the email addresses and subject lines of everything that wound up in the spam folder the day before so I can scan for false positives.
Re: gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-nnnnnnnnn
Charles Curley writes: > On Wed, 27 Jul 2022 17:50:42 -0600 > Joe Pfeiffer wrote: > >> I just noticed I have over a million files lurking in >> $HOME/.gnome2/keyrings/ with names of the form >> login.keyring.temp-n > >> Is there an accepted way to >> keep them from accumulating like this? > > You can probably cobble something together for logrotate. With the number of gnome users out there there's got to be something more standard than that.
gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-nnnnnnnnn
I just noticed I have over a million files lurking in $HOME/.gnome2/keyrings/ with names of the form login.keyring.temp-n where n is a nine digit number. Literally over a million: ls ~/.gnome2/keyrings/ | wc 1695549 1695549 50118672 >From the names, I assume these are temporary files that are being created but not delete as they should be. Is there an accepted way to keep them from accumulating like this?
Re: how configure /etc/debdelta/sources.conf
On Sat, 25 Jun 2022 18:23:17 + (UTC) visqa...@yahoo.com wrote: > i am fully confused. should i just copy etc/debdelta/sources.conf to > ~/.debdelta/sources.conf. should i take extra steps? how should i > configure for unstable/sid? > Here's mine: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ sid main non-free contrib deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ testing main non-free contrib deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org unstable main non-free It seems to be normal for a sid installation to also have a testing entry. The sources.list for Stable and Testing should contain only their own repositories. The name sid can be used, or unstable, as they will always be synonymous. If you do include the 'testing' entry, call it exactly that, as the name of the current Testing will change at the time of the next release. You may not want the multimedia repository, or either non-free or contrib in the sid and testing entries. They are all optional for a sid installation, only the 'deb /debian/ sid main' repository is essential. You will need deb-src entries, which are otherwise the same as the deb entries, if you expect to need source code packages. Non-free source code may not always be available. -- Joe
Re: Status of Virtualbox in debian
On Tue, 21 Jun 2022 12:35:08 +0100 Peter Hillier-Brook wrote: > On 21/06/2022 11:53, Siard wrote: > > On Tue, 21 Jun 2022 00:05 +0100, Peter Hillier-Brook wrote: > >> On 20/06/2022 14:55, Siard wrote: > >>> On Mon, 20 Jun 2022 14:21 +0200, Anders Andersson wrote: > >>>> Has something changed that makes virtualbox workable again, > >>> > >>> I have the Virtualbox 6.1.34 package for Debian 11, downloaded > >>> from www.virtualbox.org, working fine in Debian 12 (Bookworm). > >> > >> Have you succeeded in gaining support for USB? I haven't yet got > >> past the and guest Additions stage. > > > > Indeed, USB appears not to be working. (Never used it.) > > I have dkms and dh-dkms installed. > > The VirtualBox-6.1 deb has been installed and upgraded with 'dpkg > > -i'. It also puts VBoxGuestAdditions.iso into /usr/share/virtualbox. > > Then in the guest OS you can choose Devices > Insert Guest > > Additions CD image... from the menu. > > More about installing and maintaining the guest additions: > > www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#additions-linux > > > > I should also note that right now there appear to be problems with > > the latest kernel, 5.18.0. The message in the terminal where VB was > > started from, says: "WARNING: The vboxdrv kernel module is not > > loaded. Either there is no module available for the current kernel > > (5.18.0-1-amd64) or it failed to load." Probably a temporary > > problem. When starting Debian with the previous kernel 5.17.0, VB > > still works. > > Thanks for the quick response. Without correctly functioning guest > additions - by which I specifically mean USB - VirtualBox is almost > useless for me. I would agree with you that kernel 5.18.0 is the most > likely source of the problem and living on in hope is the best option. > Yes, I was using it a few years ago, and a new Debian kernel made the guest additions unusable. I forget what I needed them for, but gave up on VB then. I dare say a later version of the VB additions fixed the problem, but there was no knowing how long this would take, or whether this would happen after every kernel upgrade. -- Joe
