[Biofuel] Benefits from Local Regional Commerce?
Dear Keith and Readers: It's been some time since I posted. I am seeking weblinks or articles from Journey to Forever on benefits of local and regional commerce. My inquiry results from a discussion on why it makes environmental and business sense to shop local and regional. The question and answers are obvious to some but I want to build a better case in my discussions. Thank you for your time. P. Wolfe Never miss an email again! Yahoo! Toolbar alerts you the instant new Mail arrives. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/toolbar/features/mail/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] First Successful Demonstration of CO2 Capture Technology
The article was fascinating. The artist's rendering of the CO2 Sequestering Towers more so. But I couldn't resist comparing man's invention to nature's CO2 sequestering device pictured here: http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/saunders/courses/online/SBI3C/Plants/plant_leaves.htm The Almighty Plant Leaf and its humble stoma. P.Wolfe --- Mike Weaver [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: /Global Research Technologies, LLC (GRT), a technology research and development company, and Klaus Lackner from Columbia University have achieved the successful demonstration of a bold new technology to capture carbon from the air http://www.physorg.com/news96732819.html. The air extraction prototype has successfully demonstrated that indeed carbon dioxide (CO2) can be captured from the atmosphere. This is GRT's first step toward a commercially viable air capture device./ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Earth Hour
Fritz, I worked as an energy conservation auditor for residential, commercial, and industrial accounts in California. Our programs were sponsored by the local Energy Commissions, electric gas utilities, and Public Utility Commissions. Do you have an energy conservation program in the Montreal area? If not, there are many examples in which you can start a public program. Regarding the previous reader on power surges, there is no need for real concern because the electric grid is built for highest peak load. The concern comes into play when you have a regional electrical grid fault which causes a frequency oscillation. However, the turning off of residential lights will most likely not impact the electrical distribution system. However you certainly will see an electric demand reduction on the grid. I think it is an interesting concept the folks from Japan have in demonstrating energy reduction. I am working on a Connected Home pilot project right nowin the Silicon Valley. The idea is to enable homeowner to see his meter reads and energy consuming devices in his/her home over a wirless network. Your comments remind me that I also need to include R values for each area. Perhaps even a thermograph of R-value/U-Values of walls and windows in the home. take care everyone. P.Wolfe --- Fritz Friesinger [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi James, i suppose there is a certain point in this.The simultanious cutting off consumtion is a way off showing on great scale how many people are ready to cut back 1 hour of consumption! But if everyone continues afterwards with the regular consumption,the point is missed. Real reduction is needed and you get it in long term only trough rigorous chanche of behavior. Homeinsulation is a good thing to start on.Most houses (in Montreal by example) have such poor insulation,its a shame,Industrial Buildings next to no insulation,Windows,single pane,draghty like hell and the buildings with old steamboilers overheatet,because people are used to work in short sleeve shirts. This is reality,i see it every time i go down to Montreal,and nowbody cares about it, because heating is payed by the tenant! I am working since 40 years building higly efficient woodwindows and i have seen a lot of crappy stuff here in Canada . Fritz - Original Message - From: James Machin To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Friday, March 30, 2007 6:25 AM Subject: [Biofuel] Earth Hour Hi all I forwarded the Earth Hour initiative to various local environmental groups and just received the following message back from one of them... James, Although as with the first power off campaign I think it is a great way to bring reality of climate change closer, nevertheless I still have concerns about power surges (and not personal equipment longevity or damage) and whether this is a totally wise thing to do over a huge area? I am mainly concerned about massive power surges if this is not staggered and the pressure on power plants especially if they are not in on the act and not prepared. This could potentially cause more problems than it is pretending to solve? I am holding back from promoting too widely because I have not thought through all possible outcomes, have you? Comments on this issue please? Best James ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ Bored stiff? Loosen up... Download and play hundreds of games for free on Yahoo! Games. http://games.yahoo.com/games/front ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] [biofuel] Solar Cell Needed to power up remote water pumps
Readers - I believe my inquiry qualifies for your biofuel list as I need info on solar cells. Water Conservation Project Needs Solar Cells - If you know of any small solar cell with battery storage please send. I'm working on a project to collect data from very remote water meters for water conservation purposes. I plan to collect data from 3000 gravity driven water meters over a fixed wireless network. The area is too remote to connect with standard electric utility service and ethernet; thus the fixed wireless netwoork. Most importantly I need some type of solar cell with battery storage. The solar cell needs just enough voltage to push enough millamp current to push data through a sensor to a remote terminal unit that collects data and sends over my fixed wireless network. So in order to do this I need to power up the remote meters with some type of solar cell and battery setup. If you know or have info on any small sized solar cell with battery storage please send. The water meters are passive and simply collecting GPM (gallons per minute) information. I need to retrieve that information for water conservation purposes. Don't pick lemons. See all the new 2007 cars at Yahoo! Autos. http://autos.yahoo.com/new_cars.html ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Inquiry on new model for Shell = Let's help Jorma Ollila from Nokia the new CEO
Keith and Et. Al: Jorma Ollila, Nokia's former chief executive is to become the first outside chairman of the oil giant. Shell. He may not know much about oil, but he led a radical transformation of Nokia in the 1990s. Investors will be hoping he can revitalize Shell. My question to Biofuel list. Since Shell's biggest challenge is finding new oil and natural gas reserves to replace what it uses up every year. See article http://online.wsj.com/article/0,,SB112317158328305090,00.html?mod=djemalert ..My question is Can Shell (Jorma) make a total transformation to a renewable energy company and become more profitable? I believe so. In other words, any upstream oil guy knows it costs billions to find and distribute oil and natural gas. But can those same billions be spent to find, locate, mine, and distribute renewable energy reserves. The short answer is yes! But the devil is always in the detail. It requires a complete transformation of Shell's marketing and distribution system. I am sure all of us biofuel guys have our emotional response but what is our professional response in front of a board faced with a dilemma of a future with both short term,, mid term, and long term pressures. IMHO, Shell, is a Dutch company near the Netherlands where wind and renewables is a must. Can that business be duplicated around the world? Interested in your comments from this list. Please keep em professional. Let's talk to Jorma! Phillip Wolfe __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] The Tragic Abuse of Corn
Keith - I'm still an avid reader of biofuel.com. I planted corn in my backyard garden this year to better appreciate corn and mother corn. Is it GMO'd corn seed. Who knows. But I now understand that if my family existed on homegrown ag and fruit products we could stay body lean as nature intended. For example, I have to wait until the crops are ready for harvest. This means I have to moderate my food intake and conserve until harvest. I work the land and wait patiently. I curb my desire and try to resist going to the local store to buy frozen pizza; and HFCS juices. But I then think about my other fellow humans who don't have the opportunity to think frozen pizza or even have the water to grow mother corn. Keep up the good work, P. Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/072005A.shtml The Tragic Abuse of Corn By Kelpie Wilson t r u t h o u t | Perspective Wednesday 20 July 2005 The wheel it has circled, time without end, Old life remembers, and welcomes the grain. For the corn and the seed are one and the same, That which has been, will be again. -- from Demeter's Hymn by Lyn Hubert They are exalted for a little while, but are gone and brought low; they are taken out of the way as all others, and cut off as the tops of the ears of corn. -- Job 24:6 It was one of those things that you can't quite believe is real. I was flipping through a magazine and saw an ad for a stove that burns corn kernels. For heat. Corn is food, not fuel, I thought, but the ad assured me that Corn is replenished annually. It is a never-ending energy source, and thus is the new alternative fuel of choice. Something about it felt very wrong to me. Burning food does not seem respectful. Especially when there are two billion people in the world who don't get enough to eat. But it is more than that. Corn production uses tremendous amounts of fossil fuel for mechanized labor, irrigation, drying, transport and fertilizer. I sincerely doubted that corn as a fuel could be renewable on a sustainable basis. Almost one quarter of America's farmland grows corn - maize. At nine billion bushels a year, it is our single largest crop and uses vast amounts of water, pesticides and fertilizer. Erosion and toxic runoff from the fields pollute waterways and kill fish in the Gulf of Mexico where a plume of pollution from the Mississippi Delta creates an ever-expanding dead zone. Raising corn the way we do it today depletes the soil of nutrients and creates an addiction to nitrogen fertilizer made from natural gas. Since natural gas prices went up a few years ago, we are producing less and less fertilizer here and importing more of it from the Persian Gulf. Now we must worry about food security as well as energy security. Burning corn in a stove may seem bizarre, but it is no more bizarre than fermenting and distilling it into ethanol to burn in our cars. As gas prices go up, people are looking to ethanol and other biofuels to substitute for oil. Unfortunately, it is a bad bargain - one that is being encouraged by giant agribusiness firms like Archer Daniels Midland and Monsanto that reap huge profits from corn and taxpayer's wallets. Corn is already America's most heavily subsidized crop, sucking up about $10 billion a year (according to OXFAM) along with all that water and fertilizer. About 13 percent of the corn crop is now devoted to ethanol production, but that would increase dramatically if the Energy Policy Act of 2005, now in a House-Senate conference committee, were to pass. The Senate version of the energy bill would require US ethanol production to more than double - from 3.3 billion gallons in 2004 to 8 billion gallons by 2012. Subsidies hide the true monetary cost of production, but the big accounting scandal here is the energy accounting. A study by Cornell ecologist David Pimentel and UC Berkeley engineer Tad Patzek found that when all the inputs to farming and ethanol production are accounted for, ethanol uses 29 percent more fossil fuel energy to produce than it yields in your gas tank. This figure does not include the work to restore the soils and waterways degraded and polluted by industrial agriculture. In a separate report, Patzek estimated that the energy cost of restoration is seven times the energy output of the ethanol. On the global warming front, Patzek found that the corn ethanol produced in 2004 would generate 11 million more tonnes of CO2 than would be emitted by burning the equivalent amount of gasoline instead. The best way to combat global warming would be to retire more farmland and help restore it to natural grasslands and forests, which are the most effective sinks for carbon sequestration. The energy bill title that
Re: [Biofuel] Corolla's Fuel Pump
Filipe, The short answer is yes, there are compatability issues at the gas station pump. The long answer is that many C-Stores are indepedently owned but use the brand name of their petroleum supplier. Thus they sorta have to comply with the parent company guidelines. The parent company has guidelines as to which kind of fuel they can offer. In many cases the old motor is only covered by the engine manufacturers warranty AND the warranty only works if you use the recommended fuel in the owners manual. Thus, if any warranty issues are at risk because you are using a fuel (biofuel) that is not in the owners manual then there is a compatability issue albeit up for debate because the biofuel has many lubricants. In the year 2000-2003, I worked for a major petroleum company and handled energy conservation programs for their C-Store Gas Stations. Many C-Store Gas Stations are independently owned but use the parent company logo and brands. In my case, the ownder wanted to offer biodiesel at one of his pumps. But the parent company preferred he not do that because the engine manufacturers warranty would not cover if biofuel used in the cusotmers fuel tank. However, this was three years ago and things may be completely different in 2005. I recommend you read other Biofuel answers to your inquiry. Thank you. Phillip Wolfe --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello again, I own an Toyota Corolla 2,0D van (1993), I was tolded that diesel fuel pumps, in older diesel vehicles, aren't compatible whith the use of biodiesel. Someone said to me that the rubber parts inside the fuel pump will be damaged and they aren't replaceable. A fuel pump is a very expensive part (hundreds of euros). Can anyone tell me if that's true? Thank you Filipe Paulette __ Continua a preferir gastar mais? Compare o preço da sua ligação à Internet http://acesso.portugalmail.pt/compare ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __ Yahoo! Mail Mobile Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Check email on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/learn/mail ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] State of California Biodiesel Working Group Announcement
For those of you in California: Date: Thu, 12 May 2005 10:49:39 -0700 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject:altdiesel Biodiesel Work Group Meeting Biodiesel Work Group Meeting to be held in Sacramento on June 8, 2005 from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm to discuss biodiesel fuel issues related to air pollution. Meeting notice and agenda available at ARB website: http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/diesel/altdiesel/altdiesel.htm Please contact Gary Yee, Manager, Industrial Section at (916) 327-5686 if you have any questions. __ Yahoo! Mail Mobile Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Check email on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/learn/mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] Re: The Energy Crunch To Come
I believe today's article aligns with the current discussion. Oil Surges on 'Super-Spike' Prediction LONDON (Reuters) - Oil hurtled back up to $56 a barrel on Thursday as Goldman Sachs bank, the biggest trader of energy derivatives, said prices could ultimately surge all the way above $100. The Goldman Sachs report strengthened gains driven by a fall in U.S. gasoline stocks and fresh buying from investment funds as the dollar weakened. U.S. light crude jumped $2.11, or 3.9 percent, to a high of $56.10 a barrel, within $1.50 of a $57.60 record high struck on March 17. Benchmark Brent futures leapt $2.76 to $54.85, catching up with Wednesday's late recovery on the New York market, which this week closes an hour later than the London exchange. Oil prices have climbed around 25 percent this year as signals that rapid demand growth in emerging economies China and India will strain world supply ignited heavy buying from big-money funds. Goldman Sachs bank (NYSE:GS - news) said in a research report on Thursday that oil markets have entered a super-spike period that could see prices rising as high as $105 a barrel. We believe oil markets may have entered the early stages of what we have referred to as a super spike period -- a multi-year trading band of oil prices high enough to meaningfully reduce energy consumption and recreate a spare capacity cushion only after which will lower energy prices return, Goldman's analysts wrote. Goldman's Global Investment Research note also raised the bank's 2005 and 2006 NYMEX crude price forecasts to $50 and $55 respectively, from $41 and $40. These forecasts sit at the top of a table of predictions from 25 analysts, consultants and government bodies surveyed by Reuters . U.S. oil futures on the New York Mercantile Exchange have averaged $50.02 per barrel so far in 2005 up from a record $41.48 last year. The U.S. government reported on Wednesday that U.S. gasoline supplies fell 2.9 million barrels to 214.4 million barrels last week, the fourth decline in a row ahead of summer when consumption peaks. Gasoline demand has been running two percent higher than last year in the past four weeks, despite record prices at the pump, making the 6.3 percent inventory surplus versus last year's level less comforting than it would appear. Also encouraging gains, the dollar -- the currency of global oil trade -- retreated further on Thursday from a five-month high against the yen. A weaker dollar has encouraged funds to switch money from treasury markets into commodities, as well as insulating fuel consumption in non-dollar economies from the impact of higher crude prices. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries raised its formal output ceiling by 500,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 27.5 million bpd in mid-March to pump up second-quarter global stocks, creating a cushion for anticipated year-end demand. --- Tom Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings J, Just as common sense is not common, as long as the fuel cost does not hurt the U.S. consumer much there will be no outcry. The U.S. consumer pays one of the lowest prices for oil products of any nation not producing large volumes of the stuff. The oil companies are committing legalized and institutionalized robbery. But it's a steal little, steal big situation. If you only steal a little bit of and incredibly large market you can make a killing. If you steal big from a small market you go directly to jail, do not pass go, do not collect $200.00. The masses as you refer to them in the U.S. are largely, unaware, television watching, entertainment obsessed children. Until the price really begins to hurt their buying power they will continue as is. Just as the street drug dealer knows his addicts, get em hooked cheaply then slowly raise the price until they'll do anything (in this petro case permit their government to launch an immoral, recently ahistorical, pre-emptive war) to get their fix. Tom -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 3/30/05 6:51 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Re: The Energy Crunch To Come With oil prices at an all-time high and Big Oil reporting record profits this year has been exceptional. Am I missing something? If prices for a raw input go up then the sale price also goes up. However, provided the prices go up at near the same rate of the inputs then profits should also remain basically stable. However, the oil companies are pulling out profits left and right. Therefore, if they are profiting then the retail price of fuel is artifically high and not high mearly because of crude prices. I know its not this simple and that the theories of supply and demand weigh in, but why are people (ie. the masses) not questioning what appears to be collusion? It might be collusion (and if so, who would we question?), but probably not. Oil company product is crude oil, not
Re: [Biofuel] Secret US plans for Iraq's oil
Dear Hakan, Thanks for your observations. I do love Europe. I traveled to Ireland, England, France and Spain. But Since I am born in US and in order to lighten things up in this heavy discussion. Here are some interesting comments with my buddies - some are real blue collar some are real white collar office types: My breakfast buddies and I have a running discussion on how texans are sooo different from californians and how vermontians are soo different than floridians and so forth. As a matter of fact we concluded that the US is a bag full of independent states and texans are always seen as a bit different by us US'ns. Hey - texas was a dang republic at one time and wanted to be seperate for the US. And everyone here knows that you don't mess with those texans (remember theh Alamo). So on the lighter side of things, yes, there are certainly differences - I think. I am partial to California. But then again, my Southern Califorina buddies want to cecede from Northern California. And some people in the Southwest still think its part of Mexico..(The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo). But I think every country goes through this. For example my grandmothter had land in another country but had to flee during a revolution and came to the US. But my granpa was born here and so was his dad, and his dad and so forth. I do love Europe. I traveled to Ireland, England, France and Spain. --- Hakan Falk [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip, It is multiple sources and some of them quite credible. The worst thing is that it is collaborated by real events. In the past, the general view towards Americans was a love/irritation relationship. When I was working in US and decided to move back to Europe. My American friends could not understand it. They claimed that I missed chance, I was an immigrant that US wanted and would encourage to stay and get citizenship. My answer was that despite it is no other place that have so much toys for grown ups, I felt like living on an isolated Island with a dominant population of children. I am today very upset and disturbed. In my life I worked a lot with US and have many dear American friends. George W. Bush, his administration and cohorts, have made my dear friends look like dangerous and corrupted lunatics. I am also very worried, because the love/irritation relationship has been transcended to a hate relationship. Where Americans, women and children often says you do not like me, to get a confirmation on that this is not the case, I have never felt that it was hate. What I see and hear now, is signs of real hate towards the Americans in the rest of the world and it is not promising. I only hope that this will change with the term limitation of George W. Bush and that he will not succeed with a Hitler like coup to prolong his reign. This feeling of an eternal conflict situation, is not good for me and the world. Hakan At 10:45 PM 3/29/2005, you wrote: holy Mackeral! How credible are the sources? --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/4354269.stm BBC NEWS | Programmes | Newsnight | Secret US plans for Iraq's oil Secret US plans for Iraq's oil by Greg Palast The Bush administration made plans for war and for Iraq's oil before the 9/11 attacks, sparking a policy battle between neo-cons and Big Oil, BBC's Newsnight has revealed. Two years ago today - when President George Bush announced US, British and Allied forces would begin to bomb Baghdad - protesters claimed the US had a secret plan for Iraq's oil once Saddam had been conquered. In fact there were two conflicting plans, setting off a hidden policy war between neo-conservatives at the Pentagon, on one side, versus a combination of Big Oil executives and US State Department pragmatists. Big Oil appears to have won. The latest plan, obtained by Newsnight from the US State Department was, we learned, drafted with the help of American oil industry consultants. Insiders told Newsnight that planning began within weeks of Bush's first taking office in 2001, long before the September 11th attack on the US. An Iraqi-born oil industry consultant, Falah Aljibury, says he took part in the secret meetings in California, Washington and the Middle East. He described a State Department plan for a forced coup d'etat. Mr Aljibury himself told Newsnight that he interviewed potential successors to Saddam Hussein on behalf of the Bush administration. Secret sell-off plan The industry-favoured plan was pushed aside by a secret plan, drafted just before the invasion in 2003, which called for the sell-off of all of Iraq's oil fields. The new plan was crafted by neo-conservatives intent on using Iraq's oil to
Re: [Biofuel] Ethanol runs mini hydogen fuel cells
Thomas, Regarding ethanol and methanol. I spoke with a gentlmen named David Devrie at Genesis Fuel Technology involved in methanol and ethanol reformers. http://www.genesisfueltech.com/index.html He said methanol is easier to crack and catalyze than ethanol because it has only one carbon and the ethanol as two carbons. Therefore the methanol requires less energy in the energy balance equation versus ethanol. BUT there are lots of government incentives to use ethanol. He said they make the reformers that provide the hydrogen for the fuel cell. And you hook up the the reformer to a fuel cell. Something like middleware in the software business. But they plan to come out with complete turnkey. But business is tough. --- Thomas Mountain [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The Japanese have developed small hydrogen fuel cells using ethanol stored in a container based on the disposable cigarette lighter technology to power small appliances like laptop computers etc. Obviously, to be able to produce your own ethanol and run hydrogen fuel cells with it is a major advance in power production and sustainability, and should be the basis for a new transportation breakthrough in power plant technology. Has anyone heard anything more on this, I only saw a television documentary on the matter? selam, tom ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Get it on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/maildemo ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Secret US plans for Iraq's oil
holy Mackeral! How credible are the sources? --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/4354269.stm BBC NEWS | Programmes | Newsnight | Secret US plans for Iraq's oil Secret US plans for Iraq's oil by Greg Palast The Bush administration made plans for war and for Iraq's oil before the 9/11 attacks, sparking a policy battle between neo-cons and Big Oil, BBC's Newsnight has revealed. Two years ago today - when President George Bush announced US, British and Allied forces would begin to bomb Baghdad - protesters claimed the US had a secret plan for Iraq's oil once Saddam had been conquered. In fact there were two conflicting plans, setting off a hidden policy war between neo-conservatives at the Pentagon, on one side, versus a combination of Big Oil executives and US State Department pragmatists. Big Oil appears to have won. The latest plan, obtained by Newsnight from the US State Department was, we learned, drafted with the help of American oil industry consultants. Insiders told Newsnight that planning began within weeks of Bush's first taking office in 2001, long before the September 11th attack on the US. An Iraqi-born oil industry consultant, Falah Aljibury, says he took part in the secret meetings in California, Washington and the Middle East. He described a State Department plan for a forced coup d'etat. Mr Aljibury himself told Newsnight that he interviewed potential successors to Saddam Hussein on behalf of the Bush administration. Secret sell-off plan The industry-favoured plan was pushed aside by a secret plan, drafted just before the invasion in 2003, which called for the sell-off of all of Iraq's oil fields. The new plan was crafted by neo-conservatives intent on using Iraq's oil to destroy the Opec cartel through massive increases in production above Opec quotas. The sell-off was given the green light in a secret meeting in London headed by Ahmed Chalabi shortly after the US entered Baghdad, according to Robert Ebel. Mr Ebel, a former Energy and CIA oil analyst, now a fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, told Newsnight he flew to the London meeting at the request of the State Department. Mr Aljibury, once Ronald Reagan's back-channel to Saddam, claims that plans to sell off Iraq's oil, pushed by the US-installed Governing Council in 2003, helped instigate the insurgency and attacks on US and British occupying forces. Insurgents used this, saying, 'Look, you're losing your country, you're losing your resources to a bunch of wealthy billionaires who want to take you over and make your life miserable,' said Mr Aljibury from his home near San Francisco. We saw an increase in the bombing of oil facilities, pipelines, built on the premise that privatisation is coming. Privatisation blocked by industry Philip Carroll, the former CEO of Shell Oil USA who took control of Iraq's oil production for the US Government a month after the invasion, stalled the sell-off scheme. Mr Carroll told us he made it clear to Paul Bremer, the US occupation chief who arrived in Iraq in May 2003, that: There was to be no privatisation of Iraqi oil resources or facilities while I was involved. Ariel Cohen, of the neo-conservative Heritage Foundation, told Newsnight that an opportunity had been missed to privatise Iraq's oil fields. He advocated the plan as a means to help the US defeat Opec, and said America should have gone ahead with what he called a no-brainer decision. Mr Carroll hit back, telling Newsnight, I would agree with that statement. To privatize would be a no-brainer. It would only be thought about by someone with no brain. New plans, obtained from the State Department by Newsnight and Harper's Magazine under the US Freedom of Information Act, called for creation of a state-owned oil company favoured by the US oil industry. It was completed in January 2004 under the guidance of Amy Jaffe of the James Baker Institute in Texas. Formerly US Secretary of State, Baker is now an attorney representing Exxon-Mobil and the Saudi Arabian government. View segments of Iraq oil plans at www.GregPalast.com Questioned by Newsnight, Ms Jaffe said the oil industry prefers state control of Iraq's oil over a sell-off because it fears a repeat of Russia's energy privatisation. In the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, US oil companies were barred from bidding for the reserves. Ms Jaffe says US oil companies are not warm to any plan that would undermine Opec and the current high oil price: I'm not sure that if I'm the chair of an American company, and you put me on a lie detector test, I would say high oil prices are bad for me or my company. The former Shell oil boss agrees. In
Re: [Biofuel] Where's Keith?
Welcome back Keith. I spent this Easter helping my sister with her sick baby and realized how fragile life can be. Take care and hope all the postings give you words of encouragement and connectedness - we are all connected in some way. --- Michael Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hooray!! He's back! Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Many thanks, all, for your concern, I'm sorry to have bothered you. I was in hospital for five days. I'm back home now, recovering, but I'll have to take it easy for a while. This is the second time - I spent two weeks in hospital at the beginning of January. I'll be okay, the prognosis is good, just a matter of time. Thanks once again for your concern and good wishes. Keith wish you happy recovery to come back here , make this list much dynamic.There is need for your reply of many post here sd Pannirselvam Brasil Thankyou for saying so Pan, but I don't agree. I don't think there's any great need for my constant presence here, or at least there shouldn't be. When I was away in January very few people seem to have noticed, the list continued as usual, and several people said that was a sign of its maturity, which is what we were aiming for when we moved the list. See: http://wwia.org/pipermail/biofuel/Week-of-Mon-20040906/07.html Pan, we've repeatedly talked of the need for a new direction and a new focus for the list, I much agree, and I know others do too. But have you noticed how nothing happens? I also said this at the time we moved: If it [the membership] should shrink to only 300, and they're members who're prepared to take it seriously, that it's a community, *their* community, and they behave like responsible, self-moderating community members, I'll be more than pleased. I'll be delighted. If we can achieve that kind of community here, I couldn't care less how many members it has. For two reasons. One is that I don't have the time to run any other kind of list - we don't have the time, Journey to Forever doesn't have it. Running this list has been costing us very heavily for the last two years or more, it's held us back, done us and our project harm. I've said so before, but I just stuck it out somehow. Not any more. I've also said quite a few times that we don't think biofuels is the most important part of our project, important of course, but just a part - but it's a very greedy part that means more important things have to go without. Not any more. The other reason, the more important one, is that such a list will be able to go about its business a LOT better and will achieve at least as much, regardless of how many members it has or doesn't have. That's what we're aiming for, and this is it - it either flies or it dies. It should fly. I know that a lot of people here want that. A lot of other people I didn't know before have now told me the same. (Thankyou!) Well, it's up to you. Get on with it. From: http://wwia.org/pipermail/biofuel/Week-of-Mon-20040906/000113.html If it all STILL depends on me, then all that time and effort was wasted - many hundreds of hours and more. One man can't do this - what it NEEDS is not me but a community effort, as I've said all along. Otherwise? Let it die. Best wishes, and thanks again Keith Addison Journey to Forever KYOTO Pref., Japan http://journeytoforever.org/ Biofuel list owner ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Methane Hydrate
Interesting reading...don't know too much about the subject...but possible fuel source according to some. http://www.netl.doe.gov/scngo/Natural%20Gas/hydrates/index.html Survey estimates that methane hydrate may contain more organic carbon than all the world's coal, oil, and non-hydrate natural gas combined. The magnitude of this previously unknown global storehouse of methane is truly staggering and has raised serious inquiry into the possibility of using methane hydrate as a source of energy. However, while those investigations continue, important questions about the role of methane hydrate in the environment must be addressed. Recent studies clearly indicate that the global methane hydrate reservoir is in constant flux, absorbing and releasing methane in response to ongoing natural changes in the environment. The implications of this vast, dynamic, and previously unnoticed methane reservoir on the global carbon cycle, long-term climate, seafloor stability, and future energy policy are a critical part of the U.S. Government's new National Methane Hydrate RD Program. http://www.netl.doe.gov/scngo/Natural%20Gas/hydrates/index.html __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Methane Hydrate
Ken - perhaps methane hydrates should be left alone. I dont' know enough about the subject to even comment...but the fact that effort going into this research and other fuels shows that postings on this listserv are correct about peak petroleum issues (and worries). --- Ken Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: on 3/24/05 6:31 PM, Phillip Wolfe at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Survey estimates that methane hydrate may contain more organic carbon than all the world's coal, oil, and non-hydrate natural gas combined. The magnitude of this previously unknown global storehouse of methane is truly staggering and has raised serious inquiry into the possibility of using methane hydrate as a source of energy. Of course, it isn't the carbon we want -- it's the hydrogen. If the methane is burned, you get energy from the hydrogen, and global warming from the carbon. OTOH, if the methane escapes into the atmosphere, you get no energy and much WORSE greenhouse effect. Historically, methane hydrates have done just that, with radical consequences. -K ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Un nouveau biodiesel testé en Poitou-Charentes - a new biofuel tested in France
Thank you. --- F. Desprez [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip Wolfe a écrit : Franz, Can you describe the distribution of the biodiesel? Will the fuel be sold to commercial customers or retail customers? I am interested in the distribution network... Thank you. Phillip Wolfe sorry to answer you so late I've been very busy and my computer out of order at home this corporate made biofuel will be mixed with fossil fuel and is supposed to be sold by the usual ways of the big oil companies (Total-Elf-Fina) and supermarkets. The same raffineries provide both big compagnies franchises network and the few independant filling stations frantz ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Goodbye to two friends BP Amoco Texas City Refinery
Dear Mike, I worked in both petroleum industies and electric utilities industries and have experienced similar losses although not as close as your close friends. My thoughts and prayers with you too. The refinery explosian is a huge thing because I recall we were trained in safety so many times. With sincerest thoughts. --- Michael Redler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Mike, I'm sorry to hear your bad news. It's impossible to completely express the loss or offer condolences in a simple email. So, I'll leave it at that -- suffice to say that I am truly sorry. With any luck, your work and the work of others involved in biofuels, will create industries which will be safer and maintain a job market for people with similar skills. Mike R AntiFossil [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I received word this morning that two of the people killed in the explosion at the BPA/TC Refinery were longtime friends of mine. One going back to the days when I worked at that same plant, and the other going back to our high school days. I find it astonishing every time something like this happens, whether in Texas City, or a little further north on the Houston ship channel itself, that the entire southeast corner of Texas doesn't simply implode. If John Q. Public knew exactly what quantities of flammables, explosives, corrosives, and oxidizers alone where stored within 1 mile of this most recent explosion alone, I think he/she would simply pass out from fear once that information was made known to them. I have been gathering every news story I can find on this event. I have seen quite a few references to could this have been a terrorist attack? Not being someone who believes in starting rumors, and hating those who enjoy fostering panic, I will say this, For this particular explosion/series of explosions to have been a terrorist attack 1) it would have had to have been initiated from inside the plant, due to the location of the unit involved, and 2) that would have been virtually impossible to accomplish without being witnessed by someone, either on view, or via security cameras. I will be leaving this evening for Houston, so that I can be at the ceremonies, both planned for Saturday. I humbly ask for your prayers, your blessings, your encouragements, and your condolences for the families of all those killed in this tragedy, as well as for those still fighting their battles to live. My thoughts and prayers will be with them during my travels. Thank you fellow list members, Mike Krafka ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] Cleaning Up Factory Farms ... and vegetarians
Very well said... --- Jones, Raina Tamsyn (UMC-Student) [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings listers, Just thought I'd say a word or two about vegetarianism, being one who has survived quite well with such a diet. I think that the idea that many vegetarians can't stay healthy with a no-meat diet is somewhat outdated now. Current ideas about health and nutrition are shifting completely -- indeed, the entire standard food pyramid guide that we all grew up learning, with its bulwark of grains at the bottom, is being entirely reconsidered. For vegetarians of the past, their biggest problem was eliminating the major protein staples proffered by meat, which was a true problem. It was one of the first criticisms I received as a mid-teenager when I decided to go veggie, and I had to fight to convince certain of my family members that I could handle a vegetarian diet and still get the protein necessary. Nowadays, there are lots more common options for getting excellent sources of protein: a suite of soy-based products, like soy seitan, tofu, imitation soy-based meats, cottage cheese, eggs, tempeh. Used judiciously, vegetarians can reap the benefits of an entirely balanced diet, without some of the associated health and ethical dilemmas of meat eating that often bother aspiring vegetarians: cholesterol problems; high fat levels in some meats; concerns over ethical farming/husbandry of animals; concerns over killing animals in general; concerns over the food distribution food problem in the world (by switching to a vegetable-based diet, more actual primary production farming goes to feed more people, whereas eating meat actually reduces the number of people fed because cattle and sheep and other animals consume far more green matter than is reaped via the animal itself). There is also a huge world of supplements and vitamins out there that more than makes up for any potential vitamin/nutrient deficiencies lost from giving up meat. In fact, the best Omega-3 sources come from fish -- and vegetarians can get molecularly distilled fish oil pills that also ensures no harmful trace elements, such as mercury, are getting into their bodies. Additionally, a Harvard study done recently testing for mercury levels in human hair pointed out that mercury can come from red meats just the same as fish. Those on vegetarian diets have far, far lower levels of mercury in their bodies than meat eaters (I know, I was tested and was well below the EPA reference number of 1.0). Green foods supplements, antioxidants from tea and berries -- some of the highest sources of antioxidants anywhere -- cacao seeds, and other supplements can provide all the vitamins and more necessary for excellent health that most people arent' aware of, unless they've done a little bit of research. Of course, I'm not opposed to people eating meat. I do believe humans evolved as omnivores -- and so I don't really believe the argument (which I've heard) that Homo sapiens was really originally an herbivore. But, someone here posted earlier that if you analyze the diets of our forebears, meat -- in general -- was not consumed nearly as regularly as grains, fruits, nuts and vegetables. It was a luxury item that our pre-human ancestors got every so often, and poor people even in today's world still often can't afford. I also do believe in supporting sustainable, humane family farms, and will encourage my meat-eating friends and relatives to seek out those better sources for their meats. Factory farms are unnatural, cruel, and often invisible to the ordinary person shopping for meat in the grocery store, looking at nice, pert little packages of ready-wrapped meats. The connection with the animal and the hard fact of having to kill an animal to survive or eat meat is all but gone from the better part of society. I think if many people knew what happened behind factory farm doors, they would be appalled. So, I applaud those who are sensitive to the needs of animals, and who have that relationship. Many earlier human societies were the same way; killing an animal was done out of necessity, for survival. At any rate, not to blather on, but I just wanted to add my two cents, and point out that it's actually extremely easy to stay healthy today as vegetarians -- so long as vegetarians (or vegans) know how to do it right. Fascinating discussion! Best, tamsyn From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Kim Garth Travis Sent: Thu 3/10/2005 6:49 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Cleaning Up Factory Farms Greetings, Not everyone can stay healthy on a vegan diet. Many of us get very sick when we cut out all meat. Just eating dairy and eggs is not enough. Besides, I do need the manure from my animals to fix my burnt out land. If you read through the small farms section of JTF, you
Re: [Biofuel] What is factory farming?
Well said. Thanks. --- Doug Younker [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Fair? Maybe, Phillip, but is it practical and applicable? Not to overwhelm the natural resources over the generations, something had to keep the human population in check. What where those events and are they something modern day man would accept? Sounding like a stuck record, there is a finite number of humans the earth can support in the manner the Yokuts did. The day of expansion to new areas of resources has long passed, unless colonization in space is over the horizon. For quite some time now man by, agriculture and animal husbandry has been able to coerce the Earth to support our growing numbers and perhaps by wiser use man may be able to extend the current period, but for how much longer? Doug, N0LKK [EMAIL PROTECTED] What is good for the GM customers and GM employees is what's good for GM and America. - Original Message - From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 09, 2005 11:18 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] What is factory farming? : The San Joaquin Valley California lands and farms are : facing the same issues - urban pressure. May we look : at other countries for some examples of how family : farms survived over many many generations? Perhaps : others on this listserv can provide examples. For : example, the California Yokut indigenous tribes of : Califonria survied for thousands of years in the : Central Valley basin of California. Is it fair to : compare their ability to sustain over multiple : generations by living with nature VS the modern : society of mixed urban and agriculture and material : gain vs. other? : : http://bss.sfsu.edu/calstudies/NativeWebPages/yokut%20page.html : : Respectfully Submitted : Phillip Wolfe ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Make Yahoo! your home page http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: factory farms vs. big cities
Mike - I advocate a solutions approach discussed on this listserv. Farming In the San Joaquin Valley California there are counties that contain the largest concentration of dairy farms in the United States. Much research is being done to assist small family dairy farms, medium sized dairy farms, large dairy farms, and corporate diary farms to ameliorate the liquid, solid, and air pollutants the eminate from the dairy farm process into the San Joaquin Valley biosphere. Please see: http://www.eco-farm.org/sa/sa_dairy_synopsis_digester.html The gentlemen listed in above link is Allen Dusault of Sustainable Conservation. I met Allen during my energy conservation work in San Francisco while conducting plans to introduce cogeneration to the dairy farms in the Central Valley. I discovered that Allen has a keen national perspective of farming conservation, farm waste issues, and how it ties into municipal waste issues in the United States. In my opinion, Allen is quite dedicated and understands the challenges of small vs large vs let's look at solutions. Municipal Waste During my energy conservation career we worked on many projects to promote energy conservation and efficient municipal waste systems - fine bubble diffusion, cogeneration, solar, etc. I visited many old sewer plants and modern waste treatment facilities. From a practical point of view I noticed several things 1) the local general populace needed better education on the crucial role the waste treatment plant plays in their community 2)How the populace impacts the plants and continuing understanding the differences between storm drain and treatment plant systems 4) The tremendous amount or money it takes to build and run a regional municipal system. With all the said there is certainly oppotunity for improvement. I took a statistical survey of ALL 3,000 municipal treatment plans in the State of California with the permission of their governing body. The statisical survey was for my graduate degree statistics program. If you would like, I will look in my old files and post the results. These are my field experiences summarized but I have many moren notes in my field journal. Personal Notes Mike - Please note that this was earlier in my career and worked from an industrial point of view. It was later that I became exposed to deeper principles of energy conservation, biofuel, and sustainability. I am always challenged when I start my car and take my kids to school in the morning. Could I take a bus? How about asking them to walk as I did in my youth? What about the migrants coming to California who seek a better life, new cars, homes, etc? It is always a challenge for me to balance. Respectfully submitted, Phillip Wolfe --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Mike - I am at work and will send email later tonight Pacific Standard Time. --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip. I would like to know about this. I have no experience with municiple waste handling, but I have lived in the farm belt all of my life and know how hard small family farmers work to manage their waste streams. The problem I see with urban sprawl is the attempt to utilize the same waste handling solutions that cities use. When our township tried to setup a waste water district, where several rural homes would connect their septic tanks to a common drain field, the state disallowed it. All of the home owners were required to become annexed to the city and join the municiple waste water treament system. But like I said, I do not know the details of each system. Mikem Date: Mon, 7 Mar 2005 18:02:54 -0800 (PST) From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [Biofuel] factory farms vs. large cities To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message-ID: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Mike - interesting comments. Earlier in my career, I worked as a Field Energy Engineer and was assigned beef, poultry, dairy market sector including Abattoirs, Slaughterhouses, Meat Packers, Poultry Farms, et al. I also handled the sewage and water treatment market sector for about six years. It was interesting experience. I visited all these facilities inside and out. I can provide additional comment if needed. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel
Re: [Biofuel] What is factory farming?
The San Joaquin Valley California lands and farms are facing the same issues - urban pressure. May we look at other countries for some examples of how family farms survived over many many generations? Perhaps others on this listserv can provide examples. For example, the California Yokut indigenous tribes of Califonria survied for thousands of years in the Central Valley basin of California. Is it fair to compare their ability to sustain over multiple generations by living with nature VS the modern society of mixed urban and agriculture and material gain vs. other? http://bss.sfsu.edu/calstudies/NativeWebPages/yokut%20page.html Respectfully Submitted Phillip Wolfe --- Kim Garth Travis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings, I have been thinking about the problems with factory farms vs sustainable farms. I appears, to me at least, that the debate has an erroneous assumption; that all large farms are factory and that most small farms are sustainable. This is totally false. I have seen some small 5 to 7 acre homesteads that can outdo any large farm for pollution. The worst offenders I have seen are the people who raise ducks and geese, by the hundreds on a couple of acres. I have also seen a 5000 acre farm, farmed by 3 generations of a family that is moving steadily towards true sustainability. Incorporating the use of chicken tractors for fertility, goats for weed control and other measure to nurture the land of a huge dairy and beef cattle farm. As more and more intentional communities are formed, we are seeing more and more large sustainable farms. It has become clear that we need to look beyond the size and output of a farm to decide what type it actually is. Bright Blessigns, Kim ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] factory farms vs. large cities
Mike - interesting comments. Earlier in my career, I worked as a Field Energy Engineer and was assigned beef, poultry, dairy market sector including Abattoirs, Slaughterhouses, Meat Packers, Poultry Farms, et al. I also handled the sewage and water treatment market sector for about six years. It was interesting experience. I visited all these facilities inside and out. I can provide additional comment if needed. --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Sure factory farms are different than large cities, but not when it comes to waste. If you think the waste from 125,000 animals is a problem, try dealing with the waste from 10,000,000 humans in one metro area. No soil type is capable of handling that much waste, in any form. If the consentration of cattle on too few acres is bad, why promote the concentration of humans in cities? Mikem Please friends, let's realize the problem with factory farms is factory farming -- not the discharge of wastes. There is no stretch of the imagination that can condone the torture, cruelty and insanity of raising food in that way. Ever been inside one? Please don't even respond to this e-mail unless you have, or at least have seen truthful film footage of how animals are raised and treated. I'd like to think that anyone interested in biofuels would be absolutely opposed to factory farming. The wastes are the least of the problems, in my view. Bo Lozoff ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: factory farms vs. big cities
Mike - I am at work and will send email later tonight Pacific Standard Time. --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip. I would like to know about this. I have no experience with municiple waste handling, but I have lived in the farm belt all of my life and know how hard small family farmers work to manage their waste streams. The problem I see with urban sprawl is the attempt to utilize the same waste handling solutions that cities use. When our township tried to setup a waste water district, where several rural homes would connect their septic tanks to a common drain field, the state disallowed it. All of the home owners were required to become annexed to the city and join the municiple waste water treament system. But like I said, I do not know the details of each system. Mikem Date: Mon, 7 Mar 2005 18:02:54 -0800 (PST) From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [Biofuel] factory farms vs. large cities To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Message-ID: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Mike - interesting comments. Earlier in my career, I worked as a Field Energy Engineer and was assigned beef, poultry, dairy market sector including Abattoirs, Slaughterhouses, Meat Packers, Poultry Farms, et al. I also handled the sewage and water treatment market sector for about six years. It was interesting experience. I visited all these facilities inside and out. I can provide additional comment if needed. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Un nouveau biodiesel testé en Poitou-Charentes - a new biofuel tested in France
Franz, Can you describe the distribution of the biodiesel? Will the fuel be sold to commercial customers or retail customers? I am interested in the distribution network... Thank you. Phillip Wolfe --- Frantz DESPREZ [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: /Un nouveau biodiesel testé en Poitou-Charentes selon Ségolène Royal / / [ 24/02/2005 18:35 ] //Un nouveau biodiesel, présenté comme plus propre, a commencé à être testé à l'échelle industrielle jeudi à Melle (Deux-Sèvres), a indiqué Ségolène Royal, présidente de la région Poitou-Charentes, à l'AFP. / / Le projet a coûté 3 millions d'euros dont un million financé par le conseil régional. On sort des laboratoires pour passer en phase opérationnelle, a déclaré Mme Royal. L'unité pilote, qui a présenté jeudi à la presse son travail en faisant rouler un véhicule avec son biocarburant, entend montrer d'ici à fin juin qu'elle peut passer à un stade de production industrielle, selon la région. Une quinzaine de personnes, détachées par le groupe français de chimie Rhodia, y travaille. Ce projet entend répondre aux appels d'offres de production de biocarburants annoncés par le gouvernement pour cette année, dans le cadre de son plan de développement des biocarburants. La France tente ainsi de se conformer à une directive européenne. Selon ses concepteurs, ce biodiesel - de l'ester d'éthanol - est plus propre que les autres car sa base est à 100% végétale alors que les biodiesels actuellement sur le marché - à base d'ester de méthanol - résultent d'une réaction de l'ester, issue de la transformation des huiles végétales (colza et tournesol) avec du méthanol qui est un produit de synthèse pétrochimique. Selon la même source, avec ce nouveau biodiesel, le méthanol est remplacé par de l'éthanol issu de betterave à sucre, maïs, ou canne à sucre. Cette base sera mélangée à du gazole comme pour tous les biodiesels. En terme de coût, au prix où est le baril actuellement, le litre de ce nouveau biocarburant est exactement le même que celui du diesel classique, a assuré Jacques Barbier, ingénieur chez Valagro à qui appartient le brevet. Pour l'instant, il existe deux types de biocarburants, le biodiesel, mélange de gazole et d'ester, et les bioessences, mélange d'essence et d'éthanol. / http://www.agrisalon.com/06-actu/article-14581.php A corporated made biofuel for diesel engines, ester of ethanol 100 % vegetal based (beetroot, corn or canesugar) instead of methanol. fd ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Sodium Borohydride Chemical Reaction and Fuel Cells
Thanks Ken...and it appears from websearch that Sodium borohydride itself derived from the Boron elements from its oxide such as sodium borate. Also, I read boron is a pretty good fuel alternative to carbon based. Boron is near carbon on the chemical table. Looks like boron for fuel cells is one of the ways to go... Phillip Wolfe --- Ken Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Mar 2, 2005, at 3:18 PM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: If I recall from my chemistry there are a just few catalysts in this and any reaction for that matter; so is a natural chemical reaction a patentable thing? The reaction in question is not natural, and the catalyst is probably some exotic organic compound of titanium, mixed in with the NaBH4 in a specially developed sintering process (or some such thing). There are many opportunities in all that process technology for patents to be granted, without having to patent any specific chemicals which may be used as constituents. -K ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Sodium Borohydride Fuel Cells
Ken - good points. I read and know that borates can be recycled for other uses. I will search the internet for a chemical material balance. It would be interesting to see energy input required vs energy output, etc. I think there was a gentleman by the name of Bob Allen on this listserv who has chemistry background. Maybe Professor Allen has some weblinks to point us in the right direction. Respectfully, Phillip Wolfe --- Ken Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: on 3/2/05 6:24 PM, Phillip Wolfe at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: it appears from websearch that Sodium borohydride itself derived from the Boron elements from its oxide such as sodium borate. Looks like boron for fuel cells is one of the ways to go... I dunno..about either boron OR fuel cells. That NaBH4 takes A LOT of energy to make (way more wasteful than, say, charging a lead-acid battery) and is very hard to recycle -- how do you recharge the borate after the fuel cell is empty? As for fuel cells (and the hydrogen economy), where do you get the energy to create the hydrogen? -K ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Sodium Borohydride Chemical Reaction and Fuel Cells
Sam, Thanks. Brilliant synopsis. I will read and re-read your overview. Phillip Wolfe --- Sam Critchley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, As I remember, one of the problems with sodium and other borohydrides is that boron is a relatively scarce element if considered for use on a global scale. The main deposits are found in Turkey, Chile and Southern California (owned in the major part by Rio Tinto, and 3 other smaller companies). It's currently mainly used for producing washing powder etc (e.g. Borax). There's a link to some recent production notes at http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/boron/120302.pdf . A vehicle running on a borohydride fuel cell solution would have to have a separate tank for collecting the spent solution after the hydrogen has been extracted from the borohydride. The spent solution has to be recycled (rehyrolised) after use, as it's a finite resource and you couldn't just dispose of it, without mentioning the pollution problems you would encounter if you tried to. Carrying 20 gallons of spent borohydride solution around in a vehicle also presents different economics than letting plain water vapour out of the exhaust pipe. I can envisage a situation where going to a filling station would result in your spent borohydride solution tank being emptied and your charged solution tank being refilled. The spent solution would then be quality-checked and rehydrolised, hopefully with the help of renewably-generated electricity, and put back into succeeding vehicles. This should result in a minimal borohydride distribution network - no tankers on the road like you have today. [On another note, I never understood why they didn't try and do this with lead-acid battery-powered electric vehicles, just suck out the spent electrolyte and replace it with charged electrolyte?] Vehicles would also be equipped with photovoltaic charging systems (I guess using the new coating-based PV polymers which are coming on the market) which could trickle-hydrolise the spent solution in sunlight. All in all, it represents an interesting possibility, especially if there's a great concern about the safety of using pure hydrogen. The major limiting factor is, I think, the availability of Boron. Turkey and Chile could become major countries on the geopolitical landscape if demand for Boron goes up! Thanks, Sam On Thu, 03 Mar 2005 03:24:31 +0100, Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks Ken...and it appears from websearch that Sodium borohydride itself derived from the Boron elements from its oxide such as sodium borate. Also, I read boron is a pretty good fuel alternative to carbon based. Boron is near carbon on the chemical table. Looks like boron for fuel cells is one of the ways to go... Phillip Wolfe --- Ken Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Mar 2, 2005, at 3:18 PM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: If I recall from my chemistry there are a just few catalysts in this and any reaction for that matter; so is a natural chemical reaction a patentable thing? The reaction in question is not natural, and the catalyst is probably some exotic organic compound of titanium, mixed in with the NaBH4 in a specially developed sintering process (or some such thing). There are many opportunities in all that process technology for patents to be granted, without having to patent any specific chemicals which may be used as constituents. -K ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ -- Using Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/mail/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com
Re: [Biofuel] End of Suburbia and Ruralization Revisited
Similar debate going on in Central San Joquin Valley, California and specifically Greater Fresno Area (Fresno County) - issue of rural meets urban and the meshing of the two. I sit on a couple of volunteer citizen committees...it is frustrating but cannot give up. http://www.stancog.org/appendices/chapter_a.pdf#search='San%20Joaquin%20Valley%20growth' The Eight County San Joaquin Valley Setting - One issue that the eight counties have in common is a rapidly expanding population. In fact, all of the San Joaquin Valley counties exceeded the growth rate for California during the past five years (1995 to 2000) and six Valley counties are in the top fifteen with the highest growth percentage of all fifty-eight California counties. Population growth is anticipated to continue. The San Joaquin Valley is long and relatively narrow. Stretching about 300 miles from north to south and about 100 miles from east to west, it occupies an area between the two largest metropolitan areas in Council of Fresno County Governments 2001 Regional Transportation Plan Air quality is a major issue. Many sections of the Valley are in non-attainment areas for a number of pollutants. Geographical situation, economic activity and population pressures tend to exacerbate air pollution within the region. Both ends of the Valley are under growth pressures from huge metropolitan areas. Kern County population growth is being influenced by Los Angeles, while growth in Stanislaus, San Joaquin, and Merced counties is partially due to overflow growth from the San Francisco Bay area. Much of the residential growth observed has been caused by people searching for affordable owner-occupied housing within automobile commuting range of the large metropolitan areas. A great deal of land in the San Joaquin Valley is used for agricultural production. Urban areas tend to be widely separated from each other and are developed at low densities (Year 2005 update = not any more!). A majority of the locally developed road and rail network serves farm-to-market activity. Major transportation facilities serve as conduits between major metropolitan areas, and national recreation areas. Economically, the region is tied to primary production. Agriculture production will always be a major industry because of the physical characteristics of the Valley (Maybe or maybe not) These characteristics include a nearly frostfree growing climate, long summers, reservoirs, and water distribution projects such as the Central Valley Project and the California State Water Project. However, direct employment in agriculture and other primary production (such as oil production) will continue to drop as production becomes more automated. The San Joaquin Valley of California will continue to develop and become more populated. Many of the issues that are faced by individual county jurisdictions are of a regional nature and could benefit from regional coordination. Transportation is one of these issues and a continuing effort to plan, fund and construct transportation facilities on a regional basis will benefit both the residents of the San Joaquin Valley and the State of California. The San Joaquin Valley is the southern portion of the Great Central Valley of California. The San Joaquin Valley stretches from the Tehachapi Mountains in the south to the San Joaquin Delta in the north, a distance of nearly 300 miles. The eastern boundary is the Sierra Nevada Mountains, which reach elevations of over 14,000 feet, while the western boundary is the lower coastal ranges. Total land area is approximately 23,720 square miles. The topography is generally flat to rolling, and the climate is characterized by long, very warm summers, and short, cool winters. Precipitation is related to latitude and elevation, with the northern portions of the valley receiving approximately 12-14 inches of rain a year, while the southern portion has an annual average of less than six inches. Snow rarely falls on the Valley floor, but heavy winter accumulations are common in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. For the purposes of this report, the San Joaquin Valley is considered to include the counties of San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Kern. Kern County straddles the Sierra Nevada Mountains and occupies a portion of the Mojave Desert. The desert portion of Kern County is within the Southeastern Desert Air Basin. This report addresses only that portion of Kern County that falls within the San Joaquin Valley Air Basin. See Exhibit 1-1. --- Doug Younker [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Well yes the rub is in defining rural. My point is you don't have to drive very far out of town to find the very same things that where being used to paint urban as somehow more evil than rural. The second point was that there is not enough viable real-estate available for every family have their own self-sustaining homestead. Viable meaning decent soil, enough water to support, crops humans and
Re: [Biofuel] RE: Re: biodiesel business plan
Dear Evan - I agree with Mr. Keith Addison and I am not sure of your time constraints but it is best to read read read and get an idea of the external and internal variables in your research and business plan. Most business plans in the U.S. follow a standard approach. However, an aspect often overlooked in a business plan is the ethical and environmental interaction of said business on the region-society-world in which it operates and plans to conduct its business. In other words, most business plans will look at vision, mission, markets, cash flow, forecasting, ROI, ProFormas, operations, etc. However, as the business starts one will realize it is much more including the important issues discussed with great fervor on this JTF listserv. In my humble opinion, Phillip Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip - I have received some responses, but mainly those companies have helped me with the factual side of biodiesel, not the business side. I NEED TO FIND OUT WHAT IT TAKES TO START A BIODIESEL REFINERY. However, I recently spoke with a woman at the CICCA that helped get me some contact info of some local co-ops that supply it and deliver it to my university and others in the area. If anyone has any info on BIODIESEL START-UPS, let me know Thanks, Evan The archives has tons of information on it. You have some reading to do: Start here, for the official side of it: http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/34331/ Then try a search here for co-ops: http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ Information Archive at NNYTech Best wishes Keith ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Sodium Borohydride Chemical Reaction and Fuel Cells
I read about the Sodium Borohydride Chemical reaction and how it is used in fuels cells; especially the Millennium Fuel Cell. I am curious if the chemical reaction patentable? Reading the Millennium website is says: http://www.millenniumcell.com/about/index.html The Hydrogen on Demand system releases the hydrogen stored in sodium borohydride solutions by passing the liquid through a chamber containing a proprietary catalyst. The reaction is totally inorganic (carbon and sulfur free), producing a high-quality energy source without polluting emissions. If I recall from my chemistry there are a just few catalysts in this and any reaction for that matter; so is a natural chemical reaction a patentable thing? Thanks Phillip Wolfe __ Celebrate Yahoo!'s 10th Birthday! Yahoo! Netrospective: 100 Moments of the Web http://birthday.yahoo.com/netrospective/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: Uses of glycerin and energy integration
Keith - Thank you for the correction and weblinks. P. Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Pan Very interesting, as always, thankyou. Our biofuel members has the knowlede to jointly develope this small biomass refinary concept first.Yet practical optimized design need to be done and some comunity should com forward to test and improve this integrated design. Let us all join hand and make this as simple and easy to make this biorefinary that can be run in villages. Count me in - a project for this summer for JtF (I hope). I've asked for further information on handling the lye and the soaps in the biodiesel by-product along with the glycerin, I'll post any feedback I receive. Best wishes Keith Helo Greeting to all members Very good news from Pals to make the gas and liquid biofuel in an integrated way. There are many published papers abou the enhanced production of biogas from oily wastes and hence glycerine is an good intermediate metabolite and hence the results agree with theory.But here too we need mixed microbial populatio to work wll and need a lot of adoption time for the same , otherwise one may totally fail to produce gas There are two routes the bioconversion and thermo conversion to get energy from waste of the BioD making process. The combined Biogas generation , make me believe better than combustion, using the correct mixture of proteins and glycerine and salt need to be carefuly solved by the practical work . thus the samll biorefinary making biogas , bioD , Protein feed , liquid fertilizer can make the whole process much more flexible and more energy eficiente via integrated process. The CO2 removal using activated carbon and ammonia liquid as the co products can lead to the slow release fertilizer can furthermake this project more ecological The heated and vaporized method of use of the ethanol and BioD fuel together with biogas make the low cost IC engine more reality and more energy eficient for the rural area in the SOUTH. Thus the biomass refinary can be made possible to make energy and protein from Biomass Our biofuel members has the knowlede to jointly develope this small biomass refinary concept first.Yet practical optimized design need to be done and some comunity should com forward to test and improve this integrated design. Let us all join hand and make this as simple and easy to make this biorefinary that can be run in villages. Anaerobic Biodigestion is the correct way than other way to make much fuel. sd Pannirselvam On Sun, 27 Feb 2005 21:34:25 -0400, francisco j burgos [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear pals: the digester where glycerin is feed is it an aerobious(works in presence of air) digester or an anaerobious(works without air presence) digester?. What is the glycerin feed rate to the digester?. Thanks in advance, Francisco - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Sunday, February 27, 2005 6:02 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Fwd: Uses of glycerin Forwarded message from a Journey to Forever reader. Best wishes Keith Hello, I work at a wastewater treatment plant and I was doing a search on glycerin and biofuels and came across your website. It's has good information thanks. Here's another use of glycerin: Our treatment is accepting the glycerin from a biofuel producer, we feed it to our digesters, slowly very slowly. The addition of glycerin has dramatically increased our gas production, that we run all three engines that produce electricity for our plant and occasionally need to flare off the excess methane (we have 4 flares). This might be of interest to your readers that use digestion for electricity. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho,
Re: [Biofuel] Fwd: Uses of glycerin
Pan wrote The addition of glycerin has dramatically increased our gas production, that we run all three engines that produce electricity for our plant and occasionally need to flare off the excess methane (we have 4 flares(end quote) Pan - Can you lead me to some weblinks for the technical briefs as to why glycerin has dramatically increased (y)our gas production... I will also search the JTF website. Phillip Wolfe --- francisco j burgos [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear pals: the digester where glycerin is feed is it an aerobious(works in presence of air) digester or an anaerobious(works without air presence) digester?. What is the glycerin feed rate to the digester?. Thanks in advance, Francisco - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Sunday, February 27, 2005 6:02 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Fwd: Uses of glycerin Forwarded message from a Journey to Forever reader. Best wishes Keith Hello, I work at a wastewater treatment plant and I was doing a search on glycerin and biofuels and came across your website. It's has good information thanks. Here's another use of glycerin: Our treatment is accepting the glycerin from a biofuel producer, we feed it to our digesters, slowly very slowly. The addition of glycerin has dramatically increased our gas production, that we run all three engines that produce electricity for our plant and occasionally need to flare off the excess methane (we have 4 flares). This might be of interest to your readers that use digestion for electricity. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel business plan
Evan - Can you tell the group about the responses you have received? Also - there are a couple of good entries if you do a search on the JTF website. Phillip Wolfe --- Evan Gady [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, my name is Evan Gady and I am a student at Ball State University in Muncie, IN and I am working on a business plan involving biodiesel. I am a senior Entrepreneurship major and it is required for us to compile a business plan that is judged by a group of evaluators later in the semester and our graduation depends upon it. The plan I am working on is to set up a biodiesel plant for manufacturing or become a distributor of biodiesel for school corporations and DOT's in the midwest. I have talked with many people here in Indiana that say they would use biodiesel if they only knew where to find it. I would like to help to make it easier for people to get a hold of biodiesel for use on their farms, at school corporations for buses, and even for government use possibly. Thank you for your consideration and I'd appreciate any help from the members of the mailing list. Evan Gady 1416 W Gilbert Muncie, IN 47303 765-215-1083 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Kyoto- nothing but a buch of
Re: Kyoto is nothing more than a means for the government in power to syphon from the tax payer billions of dollars for their friends and has very little to do with global warming. It also helps those countries that do not have a supply of fossil to gain a competitive edge. I understand your feelings. However, in my San Joaquin Valley basin the worsening air pollution are now making my regional area LESS competitive. Housing is relatively inexpensive compared to Bay area and LA, yes, but the resulting congestion and bad urban planning is contributing to increase PM, Ozone, and extreme air pollution warnins. It was not always this way. My once former beautiful San Joaquin Valley Basin is now the most air polluted and soon the most water polluted basin in the United States and has the third or fourth highest poverty rate and some of the highest drug rates in the nation. One reason why I moved to the Bay Area but still volunteer my time in San Joaquin Valley. http://www.fresnobee.com/special/valley_air/part1/story5/ --- John Wilson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Kyoto is nothing more than a means for the government in power to syphon from the tax payer billions of dollars for their friends and has very little to do with global warming. It also helps those countries that do not have a supply of fossil to gain a competitive edge. We are living in the tail end of an ice age. The weather we are living in, in geological time is not normal. Global warming in my opinion is caused changes in speed of continental drift. As the continents speed up the earths mantle becomes thinner and volcanic activity greatly increases. This increase, heats up the great thermal buffers the oceans and the volcanoes release millions of tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere causing the inevitable global warming. Kyoto is a lot like taking aspirin for cancer. It may ease the pain a bit but will not cure the ailment and an extremely expensive placebo. We should be focusing on the health and cost benefits of non fosil fuels and not on Kyoto. With the amount of diesel equipment that I drive I might as well take up smoking 5 packs a day of cigarettes. Yours truly John Wilson Goldens *** Wilsonia Farm Kennel Preserve Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ph-Fax (902)665-2386) Web: http://www3.ns.sympatico.ca/goldens/new.htm Pups: http://www3.ns.sympatico.ca/goldens/pup.htm Politics: http://www3.ns.sympatico.ca/goldens/elect.htm http://www3.ns.sympatico.ca/goldens/c68.htm In Nova Scotia smoking permitted in designated areas only until 9:00 PM . After 9:00 it is okey to kill everyone. ^^^ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Easier than ever with enhanced search. Learn more. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Thank you Keith The Indian Seed Act and Patent Act: Sowing the Seeds of Dictatorship
Dear Keith - Excellent article and have not posted awhile because of my new job. I will read and re-read this article. I hope our lawmakers take time to really study the issues. I studied Plants and Plant Genetics and Plant Taxonomy (Dendrology) as undergraduate. The issue of seeds and hybrid vigor was a great discussion in the early days (1970s). Things have changes so much since that time. Best Regards, Phillip Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: BIO-IPR docserver | http://www.grain.org/bio-ipr TITLE: The Indian Seed Act and Patent Act: Sowing the Seeds of Dictatorship AUTHOR: Vandana Shiva PUBLICATION: Znet DATE: 14 February 2005 URL: http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=56ItemID=7249 THE INDIAN SEED ACT AND PATENT ACT: SOWING THE SEEDS OF DICTATORSHIP by Vandana Shiva 14 February 2005 Since the beginning of farming, farmers have sown seeds, harvested crops, saved part of the harvest for seeds, exchanged seeds with neighbours. Every ritual in India involves seeds, the very symbol of life's renewal. In 2004 two laws have been proposed -- a seed Act and a Patent Ordinance which could forever destroy the biodiversity of our seeds and crops, and rob farmers of all freedoms, establishing a seed dictatorship. Eighty per cent of all seed in India is still saved by farmers. Farmers indigenous varieties are the basis of our ecological and food security. Coastal farmers have evolved salt resistant varieties. Bihar and Bengal farmers have evolved flood resistant varieties, farmers of Rajasthan and the semi-arid Deccan have evolved drought resistant varieties, Himalayan farmers have evolved frost resistant varieties. Pulses, millets, oilseeds, rices, wheats, vegetables provide the diverse basis of our health and nutrition security. This is the sector being targeted by the Seed Act. These seeds are indigenous farmers varieties of diverse crops -- thousands of rices, hundreds of wheats, oilseeds such as linseed, sesame, groundnut, coconut, pulses including gahat, narrangi, rajma, urad, moong, masur, tur, vegetables and fruits. The Seed Act is designed to enclose the free economy of farmers seed varieties. Once farmers seed supply is destroyed through compulsory registration by making it illegal to plant unlicensed varieties, farmers are pushed into dependency on corporate monopoly of patented seed. The Seed Act is therefore the handmaiden of the Patent Amendment Acts which have introduced patents on seed. New IPR laws are creating monopolies over seeds and plant genetic resources. Seed saving and seed exchange, basic freedoms of farmers, are being redefined. There are many examples of how Seed Acts in various countries and the introduction of IPRs prevent farmers from engaging in their own seed production. Josef Albrecht, an organic farmer in Germany, was not satisfied with the commercially available seed. He worked and developed his own ecological varieties of wheat. Ten other organic farmers from neighbouring villages took his wheat seeds. Albrecht was fined by his government because he traded in uncertified seed. He has challenged the penalty and the Seed Act because he feels restricted in freely exercising his occupation as an organic farmer by this law. In Scotland, there are a large number of farmers who grow seed potato and sell seed potato to other farmers. They could, until the early 1990s, freely sell the reproductive material to other seed potato growers, to merchants, or to farmers. In the 1990s, holders of plant breeders' rights started to issue notices to potato growers through the British Society of Plant Breeders and made selling of seed potato by farmers to other farmers illegal. Seed potato growers had to grow varieties under contract to the seed industry, which specified the price at which the contracting company would take back the crop and barred growers from selling the crop to anyone. Soon, the companies started to reduce the acreage and prices. In 1994, seed potato bought from Scottish farmers for £140 was sold for more than double that price to English farmers, whilst the two sets of farmers were prevented from dealing directly with each other. Seed potato growers signed a petition complaining about the stranglehold of a few companies acting as a 'cartel'. They also started to sell non-certified seed directly to English farmers. The seed industry claimed they were losing £4 million in seed sales through the direct sale of uncertified seed potato between farmers. In February 1995, the British Society for Plant Breeders decided to proceed with a high profile court case against a farmer from Aberdeenshire
Re: [Biofuel] Soap aerated concrete
Perlites and found with the Borates and all part of the volcanic geological evolution. We have a lot of Perlites in our Sierra Nevadas in California. Same with borates (borax). Borates, perlites, colemanites, - all that stuff can be found anywhere you have an escarpment of raised mountains due to ancient volcanic magma scarns and earthquake activity especially next to an arid desert bowl. What is Perlite? http://www.perlite.info/hbk/0034409.htm Perlite is not a trade name but a generic term for naturally occurring siliceous volcanic rock. The distinguishing feature which sets perlite apart from other volcanic glasses is that when heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion process is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600 F (870 C) the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles in the softened glassy particles. It is these tiny glass-sealed bubbles which account for the amazing lightweight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. The expansion process also creates one of perlite's most distinguishing characteristics: its white color. While the crude perlite rock may range from transparent to light gray to glossy black, the color of expanded perlite ranges from snowy white to grayish white. Expanded perlite can be manufactured to weigh from 2 lbs/ft3 (32 kg/m3) to 15 lb/ft3 (240 kg/m3) making it adaptable for numerous uses, including filtration, horticultural applications, insulation, inert carriers and a multitude of filler applications. --- Guag Meister [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All ; Could I ask a stupid question? What is Perlite? Best Regards, Peter G. Thailand --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Martin Hi Keith et al, I used Perlite mixed with refractory cement in my aluminum casting furnace. The walls saw temperatures surpassing 2000F, it was working well. The mixture was 50/50, and the perlite is very light-weight, reducing the overall mass of the structure. -- Martin K Perlite gives very similar results to rice husk ash. Michael Allen and I discussed Perlite in this context when I made that page on rice husk ash. You used the same ratio of cement as I do with RHA, after trying it 20 different ways in tests. Regards Keith Keith Addison wrote: Hi Doug Nothing to do with soap, but do you know about this? http://journeytoforever.org/at_woodstove-allen.html Rice-husk stoves - Appropriate technology: Journey to Forever This stuff is great! We're using it to build charcoal-burning stoves, it's an excellent insulator. Have a look at this picture: http://journeytoforever.org/bflpics/rhahand2.jpg Those coals are really hot! Reduced strength, as you say, but we find that a mix of 1:3 up to 1:1 cement to rice husk ash by weight is pretty strong, and since the RHA is much lighter than the cement, in fact you don't use a lot of cement. It's a bit like pumice or something. Doesn't weigh very much. The rice husk burner works very well, but if you want to put it in a 55-gal/200 litre oil drum, as we did, you'll have to make the cage slightly smaller. Hi, I am searching for information on making aerated concrete. For those interested, basically foam is added to a mortar mix, and the mortar can be up to double the quantity, with reduced strength, but added insulation. This is achieved with an organic soap (from what I have found), but I was wondering if anyone had seen info on using home made soap? http://pelagic.wavyhill.xsmail.com/cellcrete_how.html is a site I found with a home made processor From my search on the web, protein hydrolisation seems to be the soap/additive that is used for making the foam. I have not found any more info on how this is made though. Can anyone help me?? regards Doug (I am interested in making tilt up concrete panels for a building.) ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Meet the all-new My Yahoo! - Try it today! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable):
Re: [Biofuel] Soap aerated concrete
Guag - One of my favoite borates is called Ulexite. Ulexite is called a natural fiber optic by scientists and TV rock by children. It exists in oxidized form as a rock but you can see throught the rock because it allows light to pass through its crystalline structure - thus transmistting the light. Take a look: http://www.gc.maricopa.edu/earthsci/imagearchive/ulexite.htm The natural world is a great. Phillip Wolfe --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Perlites and found with the Borates and all part of the volcanic geological evolution. We have a lot of Perlites in our Sierra Nevadas in California. Same with borates (borax). Borates, perlites, colemanites, - all that stuff can be found anywhere you have an escarpment of raised mountains due to ancient volcanic magma scarns and earthquake activity especially next to an arid desert bowl. What is Perlite? http://www.perlite.info/hbk/0034409.htm Perlite is not a trade name but a generic term for naturally occurring siliceous volcanic rock. The distinguishing feature which sets perlite apart from other volcanic glasses is that when heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion process is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600 F (870 C) the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles in the softened glassy particles. It is these tiny glass-sealed bubbles which account for the amazing lightweight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. The expansion process also creates one of perlite's most distinguishing characteristics: its white color. While the crude perlite rock may range from transparent to light gray to glossy black, the color of expanded perlite ranges from snowy white to grayish white. Expanded perlite can be manufactured to weigh from 2 lbs/ft3 (32 kg/m3) to 15 lb/ft3 (240 kg/m3) making it adaptable for numerous uses, including filtration, horticultural applications, insulation, inert carriers and a multitude of filler applications. --- Guag Meister [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All ; Could I ask a stupid question? What is Perlite? Best Regards, Peter G. Thailand --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Martin Hi Keith et al, I used Perlite mixed with refractory cement in my aluminum casting furnace. The walls saw temperatures surpassing 2000F, it was working well. The mixture was 50/50, and the perlite is very light-weight, reducing the overall mass of the structure. -- Martin K Perlite gives very similar results to rice husk ash. Michael Allen and I discussed Perlite in this context when I made that page on rice husk ash. You used the same ratio of cement as I do with RHA, after trying it 20 different ways in tests. Regards Keith Keith Addison wrote: Hi Doug Nothing to do with soap, but do you know about this? http://journeytoforever.org/at_woodstove-allen.html Rice-husk stoves - Appropriate technology: Journey to Forever This stuff is great! We're using it to build charcoal-burning stoves, it's an excellent insulator. Have a look at this picture: http://journeytoforever.org/bflpics/rhahand2.jpg Those coals are really hot! Reduced strength, as you say, but we find that a mix of 1:3 up to 1:1 cement to rice husk ash by weight is pretty strong, and since the RHA is much lighter than the cement, in fact you don't use a lot of cement. It's a bit like pumice or something. Doesn't weigh very much. The rice husk burner works very well, but if you want to put it in a 55-gal/200 litre oil drum, as we did, you'll have to make the cage slightly smaller. Hi, I am searching for information on making aerated concrete. For those interested, basically foam is added to a mortar mix, and the mortar can be up to double the quantity, with reduced strength, but added insulation. This is achieved with an organic soap (from what I have found), but I was wondering if anyone had seen info on using home made soap? http://pelagic.wavyhill.xsmail.com/cellcrete_how.html is a site I found with a home made processor From my search on the web, protein hydrolisation seems to be the soap/additive that is used for making the foam. I have not found any more info on how this is made though. Can anyone help me?? regards Doug (I am interested in making tilt up concrete panels for a building.) ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED
Re: [Biofuel] Rice Husks, Was Perlite, was Soap aerated concrete
Keith, Thanks for the info on rice husks as one of the world's most under-utilized waste materials. I imagine the Rice Cooperative in California knows a lot about rice husks. I plan to read more about rice husks. All new to methanks again. Phillip Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Phillip, Peter Perlite is made from a siliceous volcanic rock for horticultural use and also for insulation. When heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600°F (871°C), the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles which account for the amazing light weight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. So it's very similar to rice husk ash, which, when properly prepared, consists mainly of myriad tiny glass bubbles. A major difference is that Perlite is a product, rice husk is one of the world's most underutilised waste materials. Perlite is very fragile and makes an unpleasant dust. Wear a breathing mask. Reject perlite of a suitable grade can often be obtained free of charge (or at low cost) from the manufacturers. Best wishes Keith Perlites and found with the Borates and all part of the volcanic geological evolution. We have a lot of Perlites in our Sierra Nevadas in California. Same with borates (borax). Borates, perlites, colemanites, - all that stuff can be found anywhere you have an escarpment of raised mountains due to ancient volcanic magma scarns and earthquake activity especially next to an arid desert bowl. What is Perlite? http://www.perlite.info/hbk/0034409.htm Perlite is not a trade name but a generic term for naturally occurring siliceous volcanic rock. The distinguishing feature which sets perlite apart from other volcanic glasses is that when heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion process is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600 F (870 C) the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles in the softened glassy particles. It is these tiny glass-sealed bubbles which account for the amazing lightweight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. The expansion process also creates one of perlite's most distinguishing characteristics: its white color. While the crude perlite rock may range from transparent to light gray to glossy black, the color of expanded perlite ranges from snowy white to grayish white. Expanded perlite can be manufactured to weigh from 2 lbs/ft3 (32 kg/m3) to 15 lb/ft3 (240 kg/m3) making it adaptable for numerous uses, including filtration, horticultural applications, insulation, inert carriers and a multitude of filler applications. --- Guag Meister [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All ; Could I ask a stupid question? What is Perlite? Best Regards, Peter G. Thailand --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Martin Hi Keith et al, I used Perlite mixed with refractory cement in my aluminum casting furnace. The walls saw temperatures surpassing 2000F, it was working well. The mixture was 50/50, and the perlite is very light-weight, reducing the overall mass of the structure. -- Martin K Perlite gives very similar results to rice husk ash. Michael Allen and I discussed Perlite in this context when I made that page on rice husk ash. You used the same ratio of cement as I do with RHA, after trying it 20 different ways in tests. Regards Keith Keith Addison wrote: Hi Doug Nothing to do with soap, but do you know about this? http://journeytoforever.org/at_woodstove-allen.html Rice-husk stoves - Appropriate technology: Journey to Forever This stuff is great! We're using it to build charcoal-burning stoves, it's an excellent insulator. Have a look at this picture: http://journeytoforever.org/bflpics/rhahand2.jpg Those coals are really hot! Reduced strength, as you say, but we find that a mix of 1:3 up to 1:1 cement to rice husk ash by weight is pretty strong, and since the RHA is much lighter than the cement, in fact you don't use a lot of cement. It's a bit like pumice or something. Doesn't weigh very much. The rice husk burner works very well, but if you want to put it in a 55-gal/200 litre oil drum, as we did
Re: [Biofuel] Rice Husks, email wWas Perlite, was Soap aerated concrete
Keith: I checked the California Rice Commission website http://www.calrice.org/a5_ricestraw.htm and only found an arctile on rice straw. Looks like rice straw also in need of alternative uses cause they used to burn it but affected air quality. I will do more search on rice husks. thanks Phillip Wolfe Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Keith, Thanks for the info on rice husks as one of the world's most under-utilized waste materials. I imagine the Rice Cooperative in California knows a lot about rice husks. I plan to read more about rice husks. All new to methanks again. Phillip Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Phillip, Peter Perlite is made from a siliceous volcanic rock for horticultural use and also for insulation. When heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600°F (871°C), the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles which account for the amazing light weight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. So it's very similar to rice husk ash, which, when properly prepared, consists mainly of myriad tiny glass bubbles. A major difference is that Perlite is a product, rice husk is one of the world's most underutilised waste materials. Perlite is very fragile and makes an unpleasant dust. Wear a breathing mask. Reject perlite of a suitable grade can often be obtained free of charge (or at low cost) from the manufacturers. Best wishes Keith Perlites and found with the Borates and all part of the volcanic geological evolution. We have a lot of Perlites in our Sierra Nevadas in California. Same with borates (borax). Borates, perlites, colemanites, - all that stuff can be found anywhere you have an escarpment of raised mountains due to ancient volcanic magma scarns and earthquake activity especially next to an arid desert bowl. What is Perlite? http://www.perlite.info/hbk/0034409.htm Perlite is not a trade name but a generic term for naturally occurring siliceous volcanic rock. The distinguishing feature which sets perlite apart from other volcanic glasses is that when heated to a suitable point in its softening range, it expands from four to twenty times its original volume. This expansion process is due to the presence of two to six percent combined water in the crude perlite rock. When quickly heated to above 1600 F (870 C) the crude rock pops in a manner similar to popcorn as the combined water vaporizes and creates countless tiny bubbles in the softened glassy particles. It is these tiny glass-sealed bubbles which account for the amazing lightweight and other exceptional physical properties of expanded perlite. The expansion process also creates one of perlite's most distinguishing characteristics: its white color. While the crude perlite rock may range from transparent to light gray to glossy black, the color of expanded perlite ranges from snowy white to grayish white. Expanded perlite can be manufactured to weigh from 2 lbs/ft3 (32 kg/m3) to 15 lb/ft3 (240 kg/m3) making it adaptable for numerous uses, including filtration, horticultural applications, insulation, inert carriers and a multitude of filler applications. --- Guag Meister [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All ; Could I ask a stupid question? What is Perlite? Best Regards, Peter G. Thailand --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Martin Hi Keith et al, I used Perlite mixed with refractory cement in my aluminum casting furnace. The walls saw temperatures surpassing 2000F, it was working well. The mixture was 50/50, and the perlite is very light-weight, reducing the overall mass of the structure. -- Martin K Perlite gives very similar results to rice husk ash. Michael Allen and I discussed Perlite in this context when I made that page on rice husk ash. You used the same ratio of cement as I do with RHA, after trying it 20 different ways in tests. Regards Keith Keith Addison wrote: Hi Doug Nothing to do with soap, but do you know about this? http://journeytoforever.org/at_woodstove-allen.html Rice-husk stoves - Appropriate technology: Journey to Forever This stuff is great! We're using it to build charcoal-burning stoves, it's an excellent insulator. Have a look === message
Re: [Biofuel] just grateful
Dear Antifossil: This reader agrees with you too. I learned a lot on JTF. Have not posted too much lately because found a real job instead of my consulting:) I try to catch up on reading in late evening. BTW, I agree with you comment on humans. Anytime someones asks me, What is he/she (meaning what nationality)? My response has always been - He/she is human Phillip Wolfe --- Anti-Fossil [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Just a note to reiterate how important this exchange of information, and viewpoints, is for me. When I found Journey, it was a real education for me, covering several areas I had no prior knowledge of whatsoever. I'm light years from being an expert in any of these areas today, but the discoveries I continue to make here help me to strengthen a couple of old allies I thought might be gone for ever, my love of learning, and the construction/welding skills I spent years honing. I have yet to build a biodiesel reactor, or get started on biodiesel production, but that will come in time. For me, I'm having way too much fun building my second waste oil heater, and getting ready to start building BBQ pits for the upcoming Spring and Summer season. This list, more importantly, the people who take the time to post on this list, whether they have agreeing or dissenting views, American or Canadian (LOL Luc), what you are all doing is important. It definitely matters, and I think it will be through these types of exchanges, over time, that we will finally be able to get over our nationalities one day. Who knows, maybe then our descendents will get to experience something truly remarkable, a life where they can simply be called humans. AntiFossil Mike Krafka Minnesota USA ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Glycerine soap making
Dear Legal Eagle, There is an industrial and commercial method of using refined glycerin for the manufacturing of natural soaps and detergents (and the harsher soaps too). As JFT advocates, there is a personal quest too - making your own stuff. In the industrial and commercial world there is a worldwide glut of glcyerin! compared to a couple years ago. I've been following this recently. But on the personal level, me thinks the idea of making homegrown soaps is pretty neat. It can be Family get together like making ice cream! Take care and good luck! --- Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What to do with the copious amounts of glycerine by product ? We can follow through with the seperation of the components an get a close to pure glycerine, providing we have a market for it, or we can use it to make soap. JtF has a few good articles on that too. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_glycerin.html I am in the process of experiementing with a couple recipes that, I hope, will give a fairly decent usable product. I have used some as a body soap and it works great, however very little foamong action and that is a problem in most circles, so I am trying three diffenrent approaches. 1) 100ml water with 10gr NaOH per liter of glycerine by product 2) 150ml water with 15gr NaOH per liter of glycerine by product 30 200ml water with 20gr NaOH per liter of glycerine by product Firstly the methanol must be removed/recovered by raising the temps above 65C (148.5F) and then the NaOH disolved into a little more than warm water. Once the glycerine has cooled a bit, to about 43C (110F) then mix in the water/NaOH while stirring for about a minute or two. Pour into a mold and let settle. How long will be subject of another post when I have it figured out :-) The first one has had two weeks to settle out anything that was going to do that and it did. Some gelatenous substance caked a portion of the hardened glycerine and had to be scrapped off, but the result was still solid bars. The second and third recipes are yet to be finished however they already show more potential, primarily the third which began solidifying almost immediately and shows good promise. I shall keep you posted as to the success/failure of this as we go along. No sense throwing away a perfectly good product if it can be used eh? I am determined that it will. Luc ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Post Carbon Institute
Here the key links and background for the Post Carbon Institute. My comment: I need to read more about PCI efforts in practical terms not just philosphical. In comparison to JTF, the JTF site allows cross dialogue with experts and also practical know how to commence with change at the local level. Not about PCI, but looks like they trying. http://www.postcarbon.org/subpage.php?page=about About Us Post Carbon Institute is an Initiative and operating unit of MetaFoundation http://www.metafoundation.org, a non-profit organization chartered in Portland, Oregon, United States. Post Carbon Institute is an educational institution and think tank that explores in theory and practice what cultures, civilisation, governance economies might look like without the use of (non-renewable) hydrocarbons as energy and chemical feedstocks. We have operations in Vancouver Canada and Northern California, and are working with community groups in North America to prepare for the Post Carbon Age. Based on our research and studying the research of others, we have come to the conclusion that there is no panacea to get us out of the energy and ecological predicaments that human civilization faces. An orderly and equitable Powerdown will require a combination of high effective solutions that adhere to the following principles: Reduction of energy consumption Reduction of materials throughput Non-violent socially, culturally, fiscally, and otherwise The three strategies are: Raise awareness of our energy and ecological predicament Promote and teach energy and eco-literacy Develop a network of community groups and organizations working on relocalization http://www.postcarbon.org/index.php?page=relocalization We have already organised more than a dozen oil (and gas) peak events throughout North America and Europe, and have several ongoing local initiatives. We will soon offer education courses and additional pilot projects. http://www.chelseagreen.com/2004/items/highnoon Book overview: Blackouts, rising gas prices, changes to the Clean Air Act, proposals to open wilderness and protected offshore areas to gas drilling, and increasing dependence on natural gas for electricity generation. What do all these developments have in common, and why should we care? In this timely expose, author Julian Darley takes a hard-hitting look at natural gas as an energy source that rapidly went from nuisance to crutch. Darley outlines the implications of our increased dependence on this energy source and why it has the potential to cause serious environmental, political, and economic consequences. In High Noon for Natural Gas readers can expect to find a critical analysis of government policy on energy, as well as a meticulously researched warning about our next potentially catastrophic energy crisis. Did you know that: Natural Gas (NG) is the second most important energy source after oil; In the U.S. alone, NG is used to supply 20% of all electricity and 60% of all home heating; NG is absolutely critical to the manufacture of agricultural fertilizers; In the U.S. the NG supply is at critically low levels, and early in 2003 we came within days of blackouts and heating shutdowns; Matt Simmons, the worlds foremost private energy banker, is now warning that economic growth in the U.S. is under threat due to the looming NG crisis? While much is known about the growing pressures on peteroleum supplies, far less is known about natural gas. As Julian Darley convincingly demonstrates in this important book, the long-range future for gas is equally bleak as that for oil. This invaluable book arrives at a critical juncture. --Michael Klare, author of Resource Wars About the Author Julian Darley is a British environmental researcher who writes about nonmarket and non-technology-based responses to global environmental degradation. He runs an Internet broadcasting station (GlobalPublicMedia.com http://www.GlobalPublicMedia.com), develops OpenSource web database sites for nonprofits and civil society organizations, and is currently writing a book on how and why we need global relocalization of the economy, society and culture. Julian lives in Vancouver, Canada. For more information on Julian Darley, please visit his personal website http://www.juliandarley.com Meta Foundation - reconnecting environment, society culture http://www.metafoundation.org/ MetaFoundation is an organization which generates funds for social and cultural environmental projects and is an incubator and generator of new projects which fit into this philosophy. The MetaFoundation is designed to address the growing global environmental catastrophe in fundamentally new and largely untried ways. Much of the current focus of attention in the environmental world is on technological solutions, such as increasing the efficiency with which we consume the Earth's resources. This is a kind of supply-side fix, and whilst extremely difficult to achieve technically, is conceptually quite
Re: [Biofuel] Help about biodiesel??
Dear UL - What part of Ireland are you planning your study...the whole of Ireland or around Dublin? I had a chance to visit Dublin. We met the Mayor and City Manager of Dublin for our International MBA course. The City Manager discussed the traffic issues and the new tunnel that will extend underground to the high tech industrial park near Dublin. We stayed near the central park and later visited Apple Computer, and the Guiness plant. I studied the petroleum sector...Statoil, BP, Texaco, Totalfina Chevron, etc. You find much help on the Journey to Forever Website by doing search words in the JTF search engine. --- ULStudent:Mark.O'Neill [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am researching a project on biodiesel in Ireland. What I am looking at is identifing what needs to be done (fiscal incentives,grants, research support, financial support etc..) to develop the market for biodiesel in Ireland, with particular reference to rapeseed, using the experience of other countries to make my case. If anyone could be of any help at all I would really appreciate it. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - Get yours free! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Indura fabric
Kim - I am not the expert...just giving you my personal experience...but I am focusing on all the more environmentally friendly as can be compounds and thus the safer alternative that many experts now consider are the Borax/Borate based fire retardants. http://www.universalmaterials.com/support/about.html These guys are in my own backyard. Regarding your Proban, I read that with cotton fibre there is a need for a mordant in order to sticky the retardent in order embed into the fibre. I think that is why the commericial companies use the chemicals with the big long names. Also, in my fire supression days, we weighed the fact that we could get burnt to the crisp versus wearing the Nomex or other gear for the one week or two weeks of wearing the gear. But to wear it 24/7some other reader may know more. Good Luck Phillip Wolfe --- Kim Garth Travis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thank you for the information. I will dive into it. They used to have nomex coveralls for the occasional job that needed them, but now they want this chemical laden stuff on the guys every day! I have asked at my fire department, which I just left being an active volunteer firefighter last spring, but they didn't know about the hazards of this stuff. Bright Blessings, Kim At 12:57 PM 1/24/2005, you wrote: Kim, This is not the final answer but hopes this helps: My buddies and I worked as fire supression support personnel for the US Forest Service. For our clothing, Nomex and Proban were the two dominate treatments for clothing. We always wore protective clothing under the fire retardant clothing. See below for weblinks: If you call Westec, I believe they will inform you that Proban is the treatment compound used in their Indura products. Proban is the commercial name for treatment composed of a compound called BIS[TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM] SULFATE Below are weblinks that may help you: http://www.westexinc.com/indura_ultra_soft.htm = commercial information on the product http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc218.htm = ...United Nations report http://www.rhodia-proban.com/press%20releases/PROBAN%20remains%20available.pdf#search='on%20tetrakis%20(hydroxymethyl)%20phosphonium%20compounds' = the actual manufacturer of the compounds http://www.directworkwear.com/ProbanInduraCoveralls.htm = The Essential difference between Proban and Indura is that ProbanFr-7A a products are certified by WESTEX a to retain their original flame resistance for 50 home washes or 25 industrial washes. Indura FR garments are permanently treated for the life of the garments durability. http://www.chemicalland21.com/arokorhi/specialtychem/finechem/BIS[TETRAKIS%28HYDROXYMETHYL%29PHOSPHONIUM]%20SULFATE.htm = a comprehensive overview from a chemical engineering point of view http://www.nap.edu/books/0309070473/html/417.html = easier to understand overview My buddy is a deputy fire marshal and I can ask him too. Also there is a movment in the Forest practices to use inert Borax powders as fire retardants instead of the bromides/ammonia which converts to volatile toxic compounds based fire retardants. See: http://www.fseee.org/projects/firecomplaint.htm ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Indura fabric
Kim, This is not the final answer but hopes this helps: My buddies and I worked as fire supression support personnel for the US Forest Service. For our clothing, Nomex and Proban were the two dominate treatments for clothing. We always wore protective clothing under the fire retardant clothing. See below for weblinks: If you call Westec, I believe they will inform you that Proban is the treatment compound used in their Indura products. Proban is the commercial name for treatment composed of a compound called BIS[TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM] SULFATE Below are weblinks that may help you: http://www.westexinc.com/indura_ultra_soft.htm = commercial information on the product http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc218.htm = ...United Nations report http://www.rhodia-proban.com/press%20releases/PROBAN%20remains%20available.pdf#search='on%20tetrakis%20(hydroxymethyl)%20phosphonium%20compounds' = the actual manufacturer of the compounds http://www.directworkwear.com/ProbanInduraCoveralls.htm = The Essential difference between Proban and Indura is that ProbanFr-7A a products are certified by WESTEX a to retain their original flame resistance for 50 home washes or 25 industrial washes. Indura FR garments are permanently treated for the life of the garments durability. http://www.chemicalland21.com/arokorhi/specialtychem/finechem/BIS[TETRAKIS%28HYDROXYMETHYL%29PHOSPHONIUM]%20SULFATE.htm = a comprehensive overview from a chemical engineering point of view http://www.nap.edu/books/0309070473/html/417.html = easier to understand overview My buddy is a deputy fire marshal and I can ask him too. Also there is a movment in the Forest practices to use inert Borax powders as fire retardants instead of the bromides/ammonia which converts to volatile toxic compounds based fire retardants. See: http://www.fseee.org/projects/firecomplaint.htm --- Kim Garth Travis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings, My husbands company has decided to make all the field personal wear flame resistant uniforms. It is extremely rare for there to be a fire on location, but some customer has decided to make this another hoop for the company to jump thorugh. [I am a little perturbed.] I am having trouble figuring out what is in these uniforms. My concern is what chemicals are going to be on my husbands skin? Also, we use a grey water system, what chemicals are going to wind up on my land? Is it possible to remove the chemicals from the uniforms by improper, according to the instructions given, wash practises? The uniforms are supplied by Westex Inc. Has anyone had any experience or information on these uniforms? Bright Blessings, Kim ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? All your favorites on one personal page Try My Yahoo! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] Thanks Peggy, wasagroecological production of biofuelintegratingagroforestry,
Peggy, Thanks for reposting. I plan to send this info to my counterparts in Sierra and Kings Canyon Natnl Forests (near area where I was born and raised). I like Paul's simple explanation of his approach. On his website he wrote: (The concept)..is to Place bark and wood chips onto logging roads, and inoculate this wood debris with mycelia of a mosaic of keystone NATIVE fungal species. The fungified wood chips prevent silt-flow through the natural filtration properties of their mycelial networks, and in the process renew topsoils, spurring the growth of NATIVE flora and fauna. Response: I worked on many trail crews in the John Muir Wilderness and High Sierras. Our goal was to minimize human and domestic animal impact via erosian control and redirecting foot traffic to marked trails. I imagine Mr. Paul's approach can help revegetation of old unmarked trails because these unmarked trails are also paths of unwanted water eroision; and supplement the traditional log water bars, rock bars we placed along the trails. Regards, Phillip Wolfe --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Rich, Paul often lectures on many topics and his remediation studies are some of his favorite subjects. http://www.fungi.com/mycotech/roadrestoration.html explains something about his petroleum and asphalt remediation trials (Internet link begins as stated in #2 below) and http://www.fungi.com/mycotech/mycova.html (which begins as number 2 below from the below-mentioned Interent address) is also informative and inspirational. If you would like to visit with his staff about his work and papers, they may be able to direct you toward the more defined scientific aspects. He also once worked with an industrial group that published their results. The website http://www.fungiperfecti.com/index2.html has a contact us button which may also be useful if you would like to inquire about a personal project. As I said, Paul is interested in these kinds of projects. 1. Fungi PerfectiR: Mushrooms and the ecosystem ...expanding agribusiness; it's also a significant tool for the restoration, replenishment and remediation of Earth's overburdened ecosphere. Like most people, we at Fungi Perfecti are concerned... 2. Fungi PerfectiR: road restoration and mushrooms ...recreationally users. Along this 500-ft section we set up three experimental zones for our myco-remediation trials. The lower section of the road has the greatest slope and the most erosion... I hope that this helps and let us know if you start such a project. Best wishes, Peggy In a message dated 1/7/2005 7:33:57 PM Eastern Standard Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Peggy, Re: your note I (Peggy) wrote a note about his (Paul) work in petroleum-contamination remediation. I plan to scan JTF archives for the petroleum remediation information. Thank you ahead of time for any response. --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Dave, I just got around to reading this post after returning from my leave before Christmas. Paul is VERY interested in pursuing biofuels in relationship to mushrooms and will accept new challenges if they can be fruitful (Excuse the pun). Paul is approachable and has the resources to carry on good ideas as well as support others in their mycological pursuits. Like all bioscience, mycology frontiers offer new approaches to organic relationships. Let me know if I can be of help. We studied with Paul several years ago and look forward to implementing mycological filters in water purification. His research on this is also extremely impressive. Paul recently corresponded with me concerning relationship between mushrooms and biofuels. I wrote a note about his work in petroleum-contamination remediation for which he won due recognition. He would very much like to participate in a pilot project and demonstration. Let me know what you have in mind. Thanks for you note. Best wishes, Peggy Subject: RE: [Biofuel] agroecological production of biofuel integratingagroforestry, polyculture and mushrooms Hello Keith, Kind of basic questions. I doubt you'll find much of the really essential mushrooms growing in any corn or any other type of field associated with ADM, ie the mycorrhizal fungi. That's probably a good place of start. If you get that right you'll probably get everyhing else right too, and if you don't you won't, no matter what else you do. Start here: Trees and Toadstools by M.C. Rayner, D.Sc., Faber and Faber, 1945. http://journeytoforever.org/farm_library.html#rayner Full text online. Keith Basic questions indeed, but I'm still seeking to hear about people's real life experiences with farming the fuel in polyculture. Haven't heard much on that level though I know it's here
Reply: [Biofuel] Read Professor Cummins' work, wasGM Cotton that People Forgot
Keith, The postings interesting; especially the writings of Professor Emeritus Joe Cummins. See earlier work at: http://www.mindfully.org/GE/Plant-Pesticides-Joe-Cummins.htm Last week, I took the liberty to contact Professor Cummins to ask permission to quote his work on my JTF posting titles Overview of GMO Risks - CaMV35S promotor He give me permission and also impressed with JTF website. He encouraged all of us to continue studying the issues and risks of GMO plants and GMO germplasm. I plan to give an informal PowerPoint at my local library. I think I now understand after reading many of the articles and research posted on various public domains. --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The Institute of Science in Society Science Society Sustainability http://www.i-sis.org.uk ISIS Press Release 20/01/05 GM Cotton that People Forgot GM cotton has aroused relatively little resistance outside the Third World for the simple reason that it is wrongly perceived to be a non-food crop. mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]Prof. Joe Cummins and mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]Dr. Mae-Wan Ho report A longer, http://www.i- sis.org.uk/full/GMCTPFFull.phpfully referenced version is posted on ISIS members' website. http://www.i- sis.org.uk/membership.phpDetails here. GM cotton a triple-threat Cotton is a triple-treat (or threat) crop because it produces fibre, food and feed. Fibre is recovered from the flower bolls, while the seeds are pressed to yield oil for the kitchen and cake for animal feed. Monsanto Corporation has been a major source of genetically modified (GM) cotton lines. Bollgard cotton A line called Bollgard was first marketed in the United States in 1995, followed in later years by Canada, Australia, China, Argentina, Japan, Mexico, South Africa, India and the Philippines. In 2002, an enhanced line called Bollgard II was approved in the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan and the Philippines. Bollgard II was made from Bollgard simply by inserting into the plant cells a gene cassette containing a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin, Cry2Ab, different from the one in the original Bollgard, Cry1Ac. From the transformed cells, a line containing the two different Bt toxin genes were selected. Two toxin genes were more than twice as effective in pest control than the original Bollgard and theoretically, far less likely to allow insect resistant mutants to evolve. The Bt toxin genes, unlinked, are reported to be driven by different versions of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter: that of crylAc has a duplicated enhancer, while that of cry2Ab has the enhancer and also the leader sequence from petunia heat shock 70 gene as an extra booster. CrylAc is accompanied by the kanamycin resistance marker gene, nptII, while cry2Ab is accompanied by the marker gene uidA that produces a staining reaction. CrylAc confers resistance to lepidopteran-insects in general, and cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, and pink bollworm, in particular. Upon ingestion of this protein by susceptible insects, feeding is inhibited, eventually resulting in death. The Bt toxin genes are both synthetic versions of the natural genes in the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, with coding sequences modified to improve expression in plants. The synthetic genes have not been subject to evolution and their recombinational and other properties relevant to safety are unknown and untested. Thus, Bolgard II has two separate transgene insertions with some regions of DNA homology (similarity). Such regions could act as recombination signals for somatic or meiotic recombination, leading to drastic chromosome rearrangements. The claim to genetic stability reported in the governmental reviews is simply the finding that the insertions segregate according to Mendelian ratios in a few crosses and does not consider molecular and chromosomal instability associated with inter- and intra-chromosomal recombination at sites of DNA homology. Signs of instability and other failures have been observed in the field (see http://www.i- sis.org.uk/AAGMC.phpAustralia adopts GM cotton and http://www.i-sis.org.uk/GMCFATW.phpGM cotton fiascos around the world, this series). Seed distribution is controlled by the licenses of the patentee, and seed lines can, and should be screened at that point for translations, duplications or deficiencies resulting from intra- and inter chromosomal recombination. Furthermore, in evaluating safety to humans and the environment, the toxin proteins are frequently isolated from liquid culture of the bacteria to avoid having to carry out the more expensive isolation of the toxins from cotton plants. As the toxin transgenes are synthetic approximations of the natural genes and the toxin proteins are not
[Biofuel] Re: [Biofuel Measuring DNA Speed of Replication Was Metric measurements
Since we are discussing measurements, I was curious about the speed of DNA replication. Looks like we're just finding out...and only for a portion of the proceess...(and humans think we can safely GMO? Duh!) http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sb/Aug-2004/5_dna.html The complexity of its speed and movement is mind-boggling, says Kuriyan, who is also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and a Chancellor's Professor in the University of California at Berkeley's Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry. He conducted the research with fellow Physical Biosciences Division researcher Gregory Bowman and Rockefeller University's Mike O'Donnell. But nature is very smart and its solutions are tremendously simple. --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: DHAJOGLO wrote: On Friday, January 21, 2005 2:45 PM, Kirk McLoren wrote: Date: Fri, 21 Jan 2005 12:45:41 -0800 (PST) From: Kirk McLoren To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Metric measurements I think I will calibrate my spedometer in furlongs per fortnight. Ought to be impressive. :) :-) Maybe you could call it a tardometer. It's fashionable after all: slow food, slow fuel, slow time, slow Kirk. Kirk 1 furlongs per fortnight = 0.000166309524 m / s or .6 meters per hour. Maybe, maybe not. It depends on how muddy the road is. or whatever was It depends. How long is a furlong? Hmm? http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/36267/ Best Keith ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Keith? Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying
Andrew, You may want to call the soap manufacturers assocation. I forgot their name...but they represent the soap and detergent folks, including the natural soaps. Good luck... --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Do you know any place that buys high quality glycerin in the New England area? Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 10:14:40 -0800 (PST), Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: San FranciscoThe City by the Bay. --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip, What region are you in? I am in Massachusetts. Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 05:11:46 -0800 (PST), Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Andy, Yes. In my region there are medium sized soap manufacturing companies who specialise in natural handsoaps, custom soaps, cosmetics. They take supplies of refined glycerin above 90 per cent but you are correct in that the purer the better; so a 99 percent is even better. The other preference is colourless and odorless in order to add in their own perfumes and colors. --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone had any luck selling glycerine that had been refined in the 95-99% range? Secondly, does anyone here refine it to that extent? Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 06:35:22 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: When I start my homebrew biodiesel refining with that 150 lbs of WVO I've been discussing, I would to circulate the byproduct crude glycerin into distillation and purify it to about 90% purity or better. The reason is that I would like to recycle and send the glyerin to a local natural soap bar manufacture nearby. Am I taking this too far? You are not meaning boling the glycerine and then condensing it, are you? this can't be done at atmos- pheric pressure. Glycerine will crak just a few degC below atmospheric bpT, so glyc distillation must be done under lower than atmospheric pressure. OTOH, distilling away the methanol is reasonable, as for the low energy input and a valuable fossil chemical recovery. Cheers, Aleks ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org
Reply: [Biofuel] To Luc: Thanks! Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying
Luc, You say: Here's the thing, why not make the soap yourself ? I say: Wow. I didn't even think about that possiblity! Yes, I will do this! Thanks! I like your idea about making my own homegrown soap and reminds me how (and I wonder WHY am I so) accustomed to depending on commercialized stuff and looking outwards for a solution when I can make it myself...and look inwards...just like the pioneers. Thanks. I sometimes wonder what other stuff I can make and and even make barter and become self sufficient?? Phillip Wolfe --- Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: G'day Phillip; Soy nut...Ha!Organic I hope. - Original Message - From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, January 20, 2005 6:07 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Keith? Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying Kieth/Luc/Todd/Kron/Martin/Peggy/Et.al./Professor Allen and Biofuel Readers: When I start my homebrew biodiesel refining with that 150 lbs of WVO I've been discussing, I would to circulate the byproduct crude glycerin into distillation and purify it to about 90% purity or better. The reason is that I would like to recycle and send the glyerin to a local natural soap bar manufacture nearby. Am I taking this too far? Here's the thing, why not make the soap yourself ? Save a whole whack of processing of the glycol layer and recover the methanol after which you use a simple recipe to make a high glycerine content fatty acid soap. How you ask? Glad you did :-) I have done this on a very small scale using the accumulated glycerine layers from my test batches ( you guys don't chuck it do you?) and it makes nice soap. I've used it and plan on making a bunch more as soon as my condenser for methanol recovery is finished (should be this weekend) Ok, the link: http://www.distributiondrive.com/Article2.html I tried using straight glycerine but it doesn't foam up much even if it does works well. Once the extra water/lye is added and time aloowed for curing it foams alot more and still works very well. That said, should you want to go through the procedure to seperate the 95% glycerine, look at selling it to those who make hand creams and lotions (more bucks) soaper remove the glycerine from commercial soap and do just that with it. Another avenue is the pharma boys. They can make high end capsules out of it. O, try the candida forums or homeopathic clinics. Next to pure glycerine is an excellent sweetener suitable for candida sufferes, according to the info at JtF on glycerine. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_glycerin.html Tell your kids that you are cleaning up the planet for their use. Luc As advised by you folks, I plan to start 1 lb at a time. With humble thanks, Phillip Wolfe PS - My kids think I'm a nut. I said Yes, I am soy nut. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - What will yours do? http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Keith? Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying
Andy, Yes. In my region there are medium sized soap manufacturing companies who specialise in natural handsoaps, custom soaps, cosmetics. They take supplies of refined glycerin above 90 per cent but you are correct in that the purer the better; so a 99 percent is even better. The other preference is colourless and odorless in order to add in their own perfumes and colors. --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone had any luck selling glycerine that had been refined in the 95-99% range? Secondly, does anyone here refine it to that extent? Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 06:35:22 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: When I start my homebrew biodiesel refining with that 150 lbs of WVO I've been discussing, I would to circulate the byproduct crude glycerin into distillation and purify it to about 90% purity or better. The reason is that I would like to recycle and send the glyerin to a local natural soap bar manufacture nearby. Am I taking this too far? You are not meaning boling the glycerine and then condensing it, are you? this can't be done at atmos- pheric pressure. Glycerine will crak just a few degC below atmospheric bpT, so glyc distillation must be done under lower than atmospheric pressure. OTOH, distilling away the methanol is reasonable, as for the low energy input and a valuable fossil chemical recovery. Cheers, Aleks ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: Reply: [Biofuel] To Luc: Thanks! Query about WVO refining andGlycerin Purifying
Yes. I few years ago I completly re-conditioned my garden and applied the double-dig method with raised beds. Double-digging is the process of fully digging up the top layer of a garden bed, removing that layer, loosening the layer beneath, and then returning the top layer. This method is especially effective in heavy clay areas in my specific region...it gives roots more room to grow and breathe, and hence produces healthier, more vigorous plants. --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Phillip, Have you planned your garden? Even container gardening can be fruitful and rewarding if you don't have real earth. And the effect on the environment is extremely beneficial not to mention the rewards of eating fresh, organic produce. Happy planting, Peggy You say: Here's the thing, why not make the soap yourself ? I say: Wow. I didn't even think about that possiblity! Yes, I will do this! Thanks! I like your idea about making my own homegrown soap and reminds me how (and I wonder WHY am I so) accustomed to depending on commercialized stuff and looking outwards for a solution when I can make it myself...and look inwards...just like the pioneers. Thanks. I sometimes wonder what other stuff I can make and and even make barter and become self sufficient?? Phillip Wolfe ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Keith? Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying
San FranciscoThe City by the Bay. --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip, What region are you in? I am in Massachusetts. Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 05:11:46 -0800 (PST), Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Andy, Yes. In my region there are medium sized soap manufacturing companies who specialise in natural handsoaps, custom soaps, cosmetics. They take supplies of refined glycerin above 90 per cent but you are correct in that the purer the better; so a 99 percent is even better. The other preference is colourless and odorless in order to add in their own perfumes and colors. --- Andrew Cunningham [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone had any luck selling glycerine that had been refined in the 95-99% range? Secondly, does anyone here refine it to that extent? Andy On Fri, 21 Jan 2005 06:35:22 +0100, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: When I start my homebrew biodiesel refining with that 150 lbs of WVO I've been discussing, I would to circulate the byproduct crude glycerin into distillation and purify it to about 90% purity or better. The reason is that I would like to recycle and send the glyerin to a local natural soap bar manufacture nearby. Am I taking this too far? You are not meaning boling the glycerine and then condensing it, are you? this can't be done at atmos- pheric pressure. Glycerine will crak just a few degC below atmospheric bpT, so glyc distillation must be done under lower than atmospheric pressure. OTOH, distilling away the methanol is reasonable, as for the low energy input and a valuable fossil chemical recovery. Cheers, Aleks ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] First successful batch question
Todd, I plan to start making my first too so thanks for your posting. I plan to get a hold of part of that 150 lbs of WVO at my local resturant and start brew'n...and lern'ing. I'm still looking at that small gas station down from my house. I walked into the local assistant City Manager of my local city. He knows me from my previous work so you never know. Later, Wolfe --- Todd Hershberger [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am very excited that I made my first successful test liter of WVO. I washed it 3 times and the water was nearly clear with no milky white soap. I think I may have a clarity problem. I read that the biodiesel will be translucent when held to the light and that heating it to 90 F will clear up any haziness, but my fuel is still hazy even after heating. Does the feedstock have anything to do with the opacity of the final product? Are some oils clearer than others? The feedstock I used turns solid around 50 F and I think it may be hydrogenated oil. This list has been very helpful. I have learned so much and have a long way to go. Thanks, Todd ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Get it on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/maildemo ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] RE: patents, biotech Was cellulosic ethanol
As it relates to biotech: Orion Genomics Donates Sorghum Sequence to Public Domain; Sequence Expected to Help Researchers Develop New BioFuels http://www.oriongenomics.com/ St. Louis, MO--Orion Genomics, announced that it is donating to public researchers all of its proprietary gene-enriched DNA sequence from the sorghum plant, a close relative of corn and one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. The sequence is expected to help researchers understand and harness sorghum's unusual resilience in sub-optimal environments to improve other crops such as maize, and to contribute to the development of biofuels http://www.oriongenomics.com/bus-team-management.html The VP of Finance from Enterprise Rent-A-Car. Prior to joining Orion in 2000, Mr. Atkinson as Vice President of Finance, Assistant Treasurer and Controller at Enterprise Rent-A-Car --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Greg, The smallest volume in a mushroom complex can be the fruiting head. Mycelia (projections similar to our ideas of roots) can extend for miles and it is the mycelia that can be one of nature's greatest assets un filtration and healthy biomass: forest maintenance, and good soil. And YES any cellulosic material can be converted to fuel ethanol--some more easily than others. And thank you Juan for the great narrative. Peggy Did I understand this ( and the process in general ) properly? You can eat your mushrooms and then turn what is left into alcohol? Greg H. Hello Dave. An application of cellulases is in the denim blue (jeans) laundery shop or factory to make the stone washed effect on denim with dimished amout or without stones, you might find global cheap providers of cellulases for the textile sector. A problem arises when they might ask you to buy 1 - 20 Kg containers as minimun, I think a quantity too large for a kitchen brewer. Some chemical laboratory suppliers like Sigma Chemical Company sells small amouts of common and special enzimes; these are more expensive compared with the previous providers, on the enzime activity by gram price but gives you the chance to experiment with various enzimes to fit your poket more easily. Someone with a trainig in microbiology can make cellulolitic enzymes at home, but it takes a lot of work and equipment to separate good cellulases in quantities to make large amounts of ethanol that usually some people will choose to buy enzimes ready made and avoid the hard work and capital investment to get the cellulases. Any rooting wood with microscopic or with a big umbrella type fungy is producing cellulases to get the sugars out of wood to grow and these enzimes are release outside of their fungal body to atack the wood hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. Please note that there are more than one enzime involved in this proccess. Any fungus could be pick up from woodlands or back yards, separated from other contaminating microbial species, evaluated and screened by its cellulase activity on a simple sterilized media on a Petri Dish an then evaluate the cellulase and ligning degrading enzimes under the same optimal conditions of temperatura, pH, growing medium composition. Lots of the work is to mesure the amount of sugars released in every single container (Petri Dish or Erlenmeyer flask at a given time say 3 - 7 day period under experiment to detect the best candidates. Later biotech work is to grow them in an aereate and agitated liquid medium and evaluate the species that produces larger quantities of the most active cellulases then comes the separation of the fungal mycelium and media material from the cellulases. It includes a coarse, a fine filtration and a sterilized filtration media around 0.2 - 0.45 micon metre to avoid bacterial contamination and destruction by them of the protein wich is made of the cellulases, all this to get a crude extract with the enzimes in it. This method do not produce a genetically modified organism but is only a selection of the most suited fungal species for the work, as any rancher or farmer selects the best producing catle race, suited for its environment. Best Regards. Juan Pilar, Paraguay ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever:
[Biofuel] Keith? Query about WVO refining and Glycerin Purifying
Kieth/Luc/Todd/Kron/Martin/Peggy/Et.al./Professor Allen and Biofuel Readers: When I start my homebrew biodiesel refining with that 150 lbs of WVO I've been discussing, I would to circulate the byproduct crude glycerin into distillation and purify it to about 90% purity or better. The reason is that I would like to recycle and send the glyerin to a local natural soap bar manufacture nearby. Am I taking this too far? As advised by you folks, I plan to start 1 lb at a time. With humble thanks, Phillip Wolfe PS - My kids think I'm a nut. I said Yes, I am soy nut. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Overview of GMO Risks - CaMV35S promotor, Inserted Gene Seq., Methylated Unmethylated
Biofuel Readers, Since soy and others plants in biofuel, Provided is an unofficial overview of current discussion on risks of gentically modified plants as it relates to the recent posting of the Center for Food Safety and the 35s Promoter. My recommendation is to read the current literature and make your judgements because I only included two or three weblinks. For those with not time to read here is a conclusion by a Professor Emeritus: Conclusions: Transgenic lines need to be examined over a number of generations under field conditions to obtain the necessary data on trans gene stability and agronomic performance... Overview: Discussion took place of bioengineered plants and a recent report by the Center for Food Safety on the issue of legal pressures on farmers. A subsequent discussion took place regarding the risks of GMO plants, especially with regard to the Califlower 35S promoter used as the GMO agent. Below are bullet points to assist readers with such discussion: The Monsanto patent in question is patent No. US5352605:Chimeric genes for transforming plant cells using viral promoters with authors listed in public domain. Viral Promoters are a bioengineering method to insert genetic code into host code. Includes the untranscribed promoter and a polyadenylation signal that is transcribed but not translated. Downstream of the promoter there is an untranslated leader sequence of great importance. Patent utilizes the actual Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35s (called CaMV 35s) methodology. The CaMV 35s promoter was first patented by Monsanto and six later improved with enhancer and other elements under separate patents. CaMV 35S promoter is widely used to drive transgene expression in plants throughout the world. (Do an internet search and find out) Risks: Why all the talk about risks? ..It has been presumed that the organisms (mammalians) destroys (GMOd) food genes during digestion and excretion BUT studies on DNA immunization showed that DNA could be delivered to the immune system through oral uptake = http://www.psrast.org/jcfateofgen.htm (you are what you eat) All of the GM crops marketed or being field tested presently contain bacterial sequences as a part of the plasmids used for delivering genes and many of the primary crop protection genes are of bacterial origin = http://www.psrast.org/jcfateofgen.htm Insertion of genes into DNA may cause metabolic disturbances, or unpredictably generate potentially harmful substances - http://www.psrast.org/psrlet.htm The bacterial genes used in constructing GM crops have a property that impacts on the immune system over and above the ability to produce antibodies Eukaryote DNA has relatively low frequencies of the dinucleotide motif cytosine-phosphate-guanosine also called CpG and that motif is methylated and plays a role in gene regulation while bacteria and their viruses have a high frequency of the CpG motif that is usually unmethylated (nature recognizes foreign bodies by recognized foreign bodies that are unmethlyated to the methylated DNA. If unmethylated sites are present then a response occurs at the cellular level and observable via chromatin) Apparently the CpG motif (cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG)) in DNA molecules and oligonucleotides provides a signal that the immune system recognizes and initiates a primary sequence of reactions leading to activation of the immune system leading to inflammation (for readers, the phosphate bonds provide energy for a cellular pathway and thus energy for a reaction) Other evidence: The innate immune system is geared toward providing a rapid response to foreign pathogens by pattern recognition receptors that distinguish prokaryotic from eukaryotic DNA.1 These receptors specifically bind to unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides, enabling bacteria and other pathogens to stimulate the innate immune system = http://www.bloodjournal.org/cgi/content/full/98/4/1217 Correlated Evidence:Bacterial DNA activates cells of the innate immune system due to the relative abundance of unmethylated CpG-DNA motifs = http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/168/10/4854#R1 (see paragraph 4) As it relates to infection therapy:Besides potential beneficial effects of microglia activation in the course of infections, activated microglia is also thought to cause detrimental reactions in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the strong IL-12 production induced by CpG-DNA is of particular importance. While in the periphery this unique capacity of CpG-DNA to induce Th1-biased immune responses (19) is utilized in vaccination protocols (18, 59), excessive IL-12 levels induced by CpG-DNA might also give reasons for severe concerns = http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/168/10/4854#R1 In conclusion, the bacterial genes used in GM crops have been found to have significant impacts on the
RE: [Biofuel] Register Now for the Grassroots Biodiesel Conference!
Dear Peggy (and Keith/Luc/et. al) Thank you for the kind words of encouragement and also critiques. The email advice by others in distant lands is actually a needed reality check for pursuits in the biofuels area. I also reference an interesting biofuel business study published by the Society of Cost Estimators and Analysts which assists a soy based adhesives company with business planning: Cost Modeling for Start-Up Businesses: A Field Study of Heartland Resource Technologies, LLC, by William F. Bowlin,Professor University of Northern Iowa http://scea.timberlakepublishing.com/files/Journal%202003.pdf, page 61. Good day. --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Rachel and Phillip, Rachel's message is an example of emerging interests for biofuel's future. Unfortunately several people from the biofuels group seemed to discourage Phillip in his dream for making a larger than one-person difference in his area of the world in the near future (or overcome existing hurdles). Phillip seems well-equipped to move forward in whatever he pursues. I admire his business-like approach. His effort and enthusiasm to forward his personal biofuels project to a commercial level is the kind of community effort that can make the difference in turning around the very component gradients that were mentioned as detrimental. Thank you, Rachel, for your notice. Even if we may not attend your conference due to prior commitments and travel difficulties, the program you site targets both awareness and community-based stewardship that ARE evolving as an immediate global solution to multiple problems. I salute you Phillip for thinking beyond the box, be that box defined as limitations perceived or conditional by existing mindset. Change the belief and the situation will also change. I was surprised when members of this group discouraged you in your far-reaching plans and tended to want to limit your scope to personal use or alternate business ventures. And I also agree that you need to start on a rudimentary level to learn the process. The way to make a governmental difference that can impact the corporate paper dragon is to have more people like you doing the same kind of planned, small business ventures that you envision. And Rachel's group is offering the stimulus and necessary knowledge. The fact that community colleges sponsor grassroots programs offers an excellent way to bypass control by corporate and government regulators. Although we all know that it is not mandatory to have more than Internet connections, your program channels through a recognized educational system thereby offering an excellent opportunity to keep biofuels projects educationally sound and publicly acknowledged, as well as available on a continuing, structured basis. Just having the hands-on experience, networking capabilities with local enthusiasts, and having physical handouts as reference guides is vital to rural awareness. Our group is also planning a similar program within a few months with variations on the biofuels theme and more focused on fuel ethanol. One program will train people to run their still and another will include the building of a personal still. Some of the seed-thought that have been nurtured on this forum now need to be transplanted into doable projects that transcend individual back-yard production. And this can be done legally, with government approval in the United States. I feel that our group at BioFuels Energy Corp. is also a spokes-group for similar individual and community efforts, (which is also why we take the time and money [personal expense] to present public interest lectures at general biofuels industry meetings). Our first news letter, which highlights many of the projects we have addressed in the past several months, is ready for distribution. Because we are a commercial group that sells processing facilities and construction kits for small producers, it may not be appropriate for me to send the actual newsletter to this forum. Yet, it is important that we give each other excellent will-to-good thought forms for encouraging each small effort and especially when it can become a community-based effort. Unlike some of the recent replies to the business outline that Phillip presented, I feel that after he learns the basic steps in processing, he be heartily encouraged to expand his efforts in biofuels production for community use and service. Best wishes, Peggy Subject: [Biofuel] Register Now for the Grassroots Biodiesel Conference! Register now for the Grassroots Biodiesel Conference at Central Carolina Community College Pittsboro, North Carolina ! Coming soon on January 28-29, 2005 The Biofuels Educational Program at Central Carolina Community College in conjunction with Piedmont Biofuels Cooperative brings you the first North Carolina grassroots
Reply: [Biofuel] Register Now for the Grassroots Biodiesel Conference!
As it pertains to postings: Yes, the majority (99% pure, 1% necessary critique) of the messages have been words of encouragement from the readers - combined with the important offerings of necessary critique/peer review from savvy veterans. The biggest challenge we face is mindfullness of the commercial business approach and layering this onto the homebrew approach. One of us readers may be the next Steven Jobs of the biofuel business (not me) and the JTF seems to act as a fertilizer. Regarding my background and training: At the major utility we were trained that Compressed Natural Gas was the answer and I was part of a team that coordinated the CNG station in my area (this was back in early 1990s) but decision makers realized we needed a vast infrastructure (duh) Then we promoted the electric vechicle and the EV1 demise(I heard about 2,000 EV1s are mothballed and would luv to get my hands on an EV1) Later I shifted to the major petroleum company to promote energy conservaton in gas stations all across North America and parts of Latin America. It was during this time I learnt about the vast distribution network of indpendent jobbers/distributors and the branded and unbranded C-Store Gas Station owner-operators; and felt a need to share this experience with others. I also learnt about the fuel cell/hydrogen fuel strategies by said petroleum companies. But at Rio even our own CEO said that hydrogen fuels/fuel cells are only a small piece of the puzzle and it would take a menu of many solutions. In the meantime the biodiesel/biofuel community had parallel efforts in advancing the technology and use of biofuels. I therefore went on to Business graduate degree and toured Europe (Ireland, England, France, and Spain) to study the energy, petroleum, clean air technlogies industry. I was exposed to the cutting edge of clean diesel technnology (and rules and regulations). That is where I surmised that the existing infrastrucure - the network of owner operators both branded and unbranded - can be utilized to promote a near-term solution - that of biodiesels, biofuels, etc. Later, I worked on Native American/Indigenous Lands to promote energy conservation/renewables from a business economic development point of view. So, yes, I unfortunately or fortunatley insert the business planning approach...but I do combine this with my belief in natural laws and training in biological science and environment. The biofuels JFT community has been very helpful. Thanks. P. Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Peggy Would you say that all the responses Phillip received to his proposals from Biofuel list members were unnecessarily negative and discouraging? Why don't you go and count how many were discouraging and how many were encouraging and/or constructive? It spills over into more than one thread but I see very little that's clearly negative, perhaps only one response. Have you asked Phillip whether he thinks the responses he's been getting are as negative and discouraging as you say? Best wishes Keith Hello Rachel and Phillip, Rachel's message is an example of emerging interests for biofuel's future. Unfortunately several people from the biofuels group seemed to discourage Phillip in his dream for making a larger than one-person difference in his area of the world in the near future (or overcome existing hurdles). Phillip seems well-equipped to move forward in whatever he pursues. I admire his business-like approach. His effort and enthusiasm to forward his personal biofuels project to a commercial level is the kind of community effort that can make the difference in turning around the very component gradients that were mentioned as detrimental. Thank you, Rachel, for your notice. Even if we may not attend your conference due to prior commitments and travel difficulties, the program you site targets both awareness and community-based stewardship that ARE evolving as an immediate global solution to multiple problems. I salute you Phillip for thinking beyond the box, be that box defined as limitations perceived or conditional by existing mindset. Change the belief and the situation will also change. I was surprised when members of this group discouraged you in your far-reaching plans and tended to want to limit your scope to personal use or alternate business ventures. And I also agree that you need to start on a rudimentary level to learn the process. The way to make a governmental difference that can impact the corporate paper dragon is to have more people like you doing the same kind of planned, small business ventures that you envision. And Rachel's group is offering the stimulus and necessary knowledge. The fact that community colleges sponsor grassroots programs offers an excellent way to bypass control by corporate and government regulators. Although we all know that it
Reply: [Biofuel] As it Relates to Biofuels Monsanto Assault on U.S. Farmers Detailed in New Report
Kieth, I read and re-read all 84 pages of this paper. My corn growing buddy from Minnesota warned me and my Californian farming buddies about this five years ago. I read that GMO'd plants (supplied by Monsanto) are in 85% of all U.S. soy acreage, 45% of all US corn acreage, 76% of all U.S cotton, 84% of U.S. canola. The EU does not allow any GMO'd crop into EU. Here are my rough notes from the 84 page report: --Monsanto makes genetically altered germ plasm with Bacillus thurengisis (B). But the Bt is inserted and spliced in the germplasm...not allowed to do naturallyMonsanto does it with DNA splicing called 35S promoter. A promoter is a short sequence at the beginning of the gene that is necessary for the gene to make it's product. Monsanto is the holder of the 35S promoter patent. --My further research on the Internet shows that the 35S DNA promoter is now found to full of retroviruses I found nifty website that talks about this: http://www.biotech-info.net/enhancing_debate.html --It has become difficult if not impossible, to find high quality, conventional non-bioengineered varieties of corn, soy, and cotton seed. --Farmers who sign technology agreements with Monsanto and use Monsanto's bioengineered seeds fall under strict agreements and intellectual infringement liabilities. --Nearby farmers can get sued even if they don't have with cross pollinated and thus contaminated volunteer plants are up for liability. Main Points: Monsanto exerted market control over seed germplasm; by buying up other seed companies including Calgene, Inc., Asgrow Agronomics, Asgrow and Stine Seed, Agracetus, Holdens Foundation Seeds, Inc., Delta and Pine Land, Monsoy (a Brazilian soybean company), Cargills international seed divisions (with operations in Asia, Africa, Europe and Central and South America), Plant Breeding International, and DeKalb Genetics (the worlds second largest seed company). Acquired a multitude of patents on both genetic engineering techniques and genetically engineered seed varieties Required that any farmer purchasing its seed must first sign an agreement prohibiting the saving of seed Crop property rights -when non-genetically engineered crops become contaminated with patented traits, the contaminated crop effectively becomes the property of Monsanto Directly or indirectly controls almost half of the American corn germplasm market and most of the soybean market. Requires that the sole and exclusive jurisdiction and venue for all disputes (except those involving cotton) go to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri or the Circuit Court of the County of St. Louis27both in Monsantos hometown. Crops become polluted with genetically altered plants through normal pollination - 2003 British study found that genetically engineered oilseed rape crosspollinated with non-engineered oilseed rape more than 16 miles away .pollen-flow isinevitable Cross pollination proporty implications - the lower courts were not concerned as to how the seed wound up on a farmers land land, only that the farmer possessed Monsantos intellectual property and thus liable to pay Monsanto... Outcome:Unprecedented control over the sale and use of crop seed in the United States/ Crops bioteched to exhibit two traits. herbicide-tolerant insect-resistant. this GMOd crops accounted for 85% of all U.S. soy acreage 45% of all corn 76% of all cotton 84% of U.S. canola acreage European markets refuse to take genetically engineered corn and thus US farmers have lost $300 million per year Recommendations by the Center for Food Safety Amend the Patent Act so that Sexually Reproducing Plants Are Not Patentable Subject Matter and Amend the Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) to Exclude Such Plants from Protection under the PVPA. Make the Plant Variety Protection Act the Exclusive Means of Securing Intellectual Property Protection Over Sexually Reproducing Plants. Amend the Patent Act so that Seed Saving and/or Inadvertent Possession,Use or Sale of Genetically Engineered Seeds is Not Considered Infringement. Legislate to Prevent Monsantos Seed Contracts from Shifting Liability Onto the Farmer. Adopt Existing State Models for Controlling the Intrusive and Aggressive Patent Infringement Investigations of Farmers. Level the Courtroom Playing Field By Negating Monsantos Forum Selection Clause Pass Federal, State and Local Initiatives Instituting a Ban or Moratorium onthe Growing of Genetically Engineered Crops By the way, I worked on Bacillus thurengensis as a Research Associate with UC Exentsion Service about 28 years ago!!! We worked in a lab on using Bt as a biocontrol agent on root knot nematodes on grapestock, peach, alfalfa, and cotton. But the goal was to spray on NATURALLY in a water solution or something
Re: [Biofuel] Oil politics trumps everything.
Dear Keith and Readers I meant to only send the first paragraph with the weblink below. Please disregard my other email even though it may be too late. I am still learning... --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Bruce, Very interesting point the author Gagnon regarding Thomas Barnett. Well, as usual, I read the WHOLE thing and even found Barnett's website and personal weblog! We can even email him if we want! http://www.thomaspmbarnett.com/consulting.htm End. __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: Reply: [Biofuel] As it Relates to Biofuels Monsanto Assault on U.S. Farmers Detailed in New Report
Keith, Thanks, I will read ALL your weblinks. The question I now ask myself: Is it possible to purchase soy that is NOT a bioengineered soy? Why? I want a real soy bean that has not been GMO'd with 35s promotor. The 35s promotor is really a derivative of the Mosaic Virus..which is hell on wheels in the gene world. Here is what I found on JTF. http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/40908/ I plan to do additional research on the 35s promotor. I want a Mother Nature engineered soybean and claim this on my biodiesel for my future clean fuel gas station. Thanks Phillip Wolfe --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Phillip Kieth, I read and re-read all 84 pages of this paper. My corn growing buddy from Minnesota warned me and my Californian farming buddies about this five years ago. I read that GMO'd plants (supplied by Monsanto) are in 85% of all U.S. soy acreage, 45% of all US corn acreage, 76% of all U.S cotton, 84% of U.S. canola. The EU does not allow any GMO'd crop into EU. So far. http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/20877/ Bushfood This issue is not all that different to what Bob's talking about with Bruce Gagnon's piece, Oil politics trumps everything, lots in common: http://wwia.org/pipermail/biofuel/Week-of-Mon-20050110/004788.html These are useful websites on this subject: http://www.ngin.org.uk GM WATCH / Norfolk Genetic Information Network / GMOs / genetic engineering / GM foods http://www.gmwatch.org/p1temp.asp?pid=1page=1 GMWatch.org http://www.i-sis.org.uk/index.php The Institute of Science In Society The Biofuel list archives is also a useful resource on GMOs. Thanks for the notes. I should add that the use of pesticides with these crops, RRsoy etc, has increased, not decreased as promised. Every single promise has been broken. And a useful and safe organic pesticide has been ruined, and, probably, turned into a peril instead: Bacillus thuringiensis. I've used it a few times, used as you say, mixed with water and sprayed. It works very well. Regarding Monsanto and its tactics, have a look at these: http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/33126/ The Fake Parade http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4412987,00.html The fake persuaders Corporations are inventing people to rubbish their opponents on the internet Best wishes Keith Here are my rough notes from the 84 page report: --Monsanto makes genetically altered germ plasm with Bacillus thurengisis (B). But the Bt is inserted and spliced in the germplasm...not allowed to do naturallyMonsanto does it with DNA splicing called 35S promoter. A promoter is a short sequence at the beginning of the gene that is necessary for the gene to make it's product. Monsanto is the holder of the 35S promoter patent. --My further research on the Internet shows that the 35S DNA promoter is now found to full of retroviruses I found nifty website that talks about this: http://www.biotech-info.net/enhancing_debate.html --It has become difficult if not impossible, to find high quality, conventional non-bioengineered varieties of corn, soy, and cotton seed. --Farmers who sign technology agreements with Monsanto and use Monsanto's bioengineered seeds fall under strict agreements and intellectual infringement liabilities. --Nearby farmers can get sued even if they don't have with cross pollinated and thus contaminated volunteer plants are up for liability. Main Points: ïMonsanto exerted market control over seed germplasm; by buying up other seed companies including Calgene, Inc., Asgrow Agronomics, Asgrow and Stine Seed, Agracetus, Holdenís Foundation Seeds, Inc., Delta and Pine Land, Monsoy (a Brazilian soybean company), Cargillís international seed divisions (with operations in Asia, Africa, Europe and Central and South America), Plant Breeding International, and DeKalb Genetics (the worldís second largest seed company). ïAcquired a multitude of patents on both genetic engineering techniques and genetically engineered seed varieties ïRequired that any farmer purchasing its seed must first sign an agreement prohibiting the saving of seed ïCrop property rights -when non-genetically engineered crops become contaminated with patented traits, the contaminated crop effectively becomes the property of Monsanto ïDirectly or indirectly controls almost half of the American corn germplasm market and most of the soybean market. ïRequires that the sole and exclusive jurisdiction and venue for all disputes (except those involving cotton) go to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri or the Circuit Court of the County of St. Louis27óboth in Monsantoís hometown. ïCrops become polluted with genetically altered plants through normal pollination - 2003 British study found that genetically engineered oilseed rape
Re: [Biofuel] WVO - Resturant Example
Kirk - Thanks for the advice. Yes, there is a small neighborhood gas station/C-Store down the block from my home next to a main thoroughfare. I would like to convert to biodiesel/biofueling station with coffee, etc/.. - Kirk Thibault [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip - Sounds like you want to write a business plan! I would imagine going through the exercise would, if nothing else, narrow your focus and give you a better picture of the forces at work in shaoing your plan. There are various resources available (web, books, classes, etc) but one method may also be to contact your local University and find out if there is a small business development program that the faculty, staff and students participate in to help guide people like yourself through the process. if you don;t trust that they won't steal your idea(s) then they may have readily available resources that may expedite your search for business plan guidance. Rock on, and good luck! Kirk Thibault Berwyn, PA On Jan 14, 2005, at 11:50 PM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: I just realized my young adult daughter is manager of a resturant while attending college. I asked her how much Waste Vegatable Oil her restuarant produces. She looked at me quizically but me the following: Restuarant Balance Sheet (Cash Flow) Monthly Average Gross Revenue: $130,000 Monthly Average Expenses: (Utilities, Salary, Food,etc): $090,000 Options: 1.Do all this on paper first before committing to physical asset in order to minimize risk and not want big vat of biodiesel in my back yard without customers. 2. Dive into this head first and get my butt kicked with the usual business challenges. 3. Call World Energy and just get a dang supply of B100 from a local train spurr, mix with regular diesel to final B20 concotion and sell at my clean fuel biodiesel station instead of pursuing refining of WVO. Please critique - no holds barred. Phillip Wolfe __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - Get yours free! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] WVO - Resturant Example
I just realized my young adult daughter is manager of a resturant while attending college. I asked her how much Waste Vegatable Oil her restuarant produces. She looked at me quizically but me the following: Restuarant Balance Sheet (Cash Flow) Monthly Average Gross Revenue: $130,000 Monthly Average Expenses: (Utilities, Salary, Food,etc): $090,000 Waste Vegetable Oil (tallow) Production: 150 lbs per month X 12 Months = 1,800 lbs per year the resturant produces aobut 150 pounds of WVO per month. The resturant pays Tallow Render Co. $80.00 per month to take Waste Vegetable Oil from Restuarant. Approach: Conduct cost benefit analysis and determine the benefits of taking the WVO and converting to biodiesel. My approach will be as follows: 1. Check the JTF webste for calculation methodology 2. Check the JFT webiste for price to convert 1 lbs of WVO into biodiesel. 3. Compare cost to produce one lb of biodiesel versus what the Tallow Co. does with the WVO. 4. Since the owner of the resturant is accustomed to paying for the removal of the waste vegatable oil, I need to be prepared that Tallow Co. will become cranky with my intervention. 5. Determine if I can afford to take over collection of the Waste Vegatable Oil waste stream and produce a stream of biodiesel to support my concept of the so-called clean fuel gas station/C-Store concept in my neighborhood. 6. Determine if there are adequate numbers of diesel vehicles in my area in need of biodiesel. 7. Determine if there is technical expertise in my area to support such an effort. (Yes!, I am in San Francisco/Oakland, California area in San Leandro). Options: 1.Do all this on paper first before committing to physical asset in order to minimize risk and not want big vat of biodiesel in my back yard without customers. 2. Dive into this head first and get my butt kicked with the usual business challenges. 3. Call World Energy and just get a dang supply of B100 from a local train spurr, mix with regular diesel to final B20 concotion and sell at my clean fuel biodiesel station instead of pursuing refining of WVO. Please critique - no holds barred. Phillip Wolfe __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Hydrogen Car Discussion on NPR - what about biodiesel?
Martin, As for me, yes, I indeed sent them an inquiry during the live talk show but did not receive a response. Here it is (maybe too simple: Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2005 12:31:19 -0800 (PST) From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] Add to Address Book Subject: Hydrogen Vs. Biodiesel Vs. Electric Vs. CNG To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Dear Science Friday Hosts Can you talk about all the new clean fuels, what is available now as near term generation clean fuels with existing infrastructure, what is next term, and what is long term? Thank you. --- Martin Klingensmith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Patrick Campbell wrote: On Fri, 14 Jan 2005, Phillip Wolfe wrote: Join Ira and guests in this hour of Science Friday for a look at environmentally friendly cars. Will a hydrogen concept car unveiled this week ever hit the showroom? Plus, the latest on the Huygens space probe, headed toward Saturn's moon Titan... http://www.sciencefriday.com/index.html Ever notice that on NPR there is ALL talk about hybrid and even hyrodgen but NEVER talk about biodiesel? Send them email and ask them why. I think it is because everyone knows about hybrids and everyone knows about hydrogen. Not everyone knows about biodiesel or what is being done with it. -- -- Martin Klingensmith http://infoarchive.net/ http://nnytech.net/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel]Re: GEJenbacher Methane, Topic Was: Efficiency and expanded possibilities.
Aleks, GE did indeed purchase Jenbacher several years ago because of the high quality engineered units and ability to utlize methane as a fuel. In the Central Valley of California, the dairy industry is looking at different solutions to recover and ameliorate the methane gas generated also in cow/swine/poultry waste: The AgStar Program talks about methane recovery in dairy, poultry, swine, and other ag-related. I worked with this program during my career in energy conservation and renewables: http://www.epa.gov/agstar/ The program encourages the use of methane recovery (biogas) technologies at the confined animal feeding operations that manage manure as liquids or slurries. These technologies reduce methane emissions while achieving other environmental benefits... --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm sure there is a catalytic process to do this. One thing I know of is that methane can be conveted to syngas, which can then be converted to methanol through the critical process, or through a zinc-slurry process: snip The meth sold in my country is made exclusively by a catalytic conversion of natural gas. I really don't know why bother to make fuel methanol, if you can have excellent CNG cars, range and all included. Look up the new Merc C-class CNG car, or the Fiat Multipla Bifuel. And if you drive on both fuels, the range almost doubles in comparison to a single fuel car. Then you move on to partially cleaned biogas and compress it for use in the same equipment. Although, here at work we have a big powerplant (3.3 megawatt) on biogas containing roughly 48% methane, the rest CO2 and other gasses (it's land- fill gas), we use it in our GEJenbacher gensets unpurified, just filtered. Works fine, although silicon deposits are a major pain for the moment. We just opened one genset (1 megawatt, V20 spark ignition engine), and cleaned the combustion chambers, it's done with a special soak and rinse. But it took the genny 15.000 hours to build up deposits thick enough to cause problems. It has be cleaned, mind you, because the compression has changed and the engine does not fire propperly anymore. And also the LeaNOx firing electronics goes bezerk. Cheers, Aleks ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 250MB free storage. Do more. Manage less. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] pKa, was: Iso-propanol
Dear Bob (Professor Allen!): I read with great joy your explain on the chemistry and equilibrium equations behind the reasons for methanol. Reminds me of my chemistry classes back in the days: from the Net: ...The pKa is a measure of the tendency of a molecule or ion to keep a proton, H+, at its ionization center(s). It is related to the ionization capabilities of chemical species. The more easily ionization occurs, the more likely a species will be taken up into aqueous solution, because water is a very polar solvent (its dielectric constant, 20 = 80). If a molecule does not readily ionize, then it will tend to stay in a non-polar solvent... If I recall, pKa is also important factor on how things are taken up in our lipids and fatty tissues. Thanks Professor Allen! --- bob allen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hello Kieth, Andy, et al, Why base catalyzed transesterifcation works well with Methanol but not so well with most other alcohol. (another little chemistry lesson). Among common alkyl alcohols such as Methanol (MeOH) Ethanol (EtOH), isopropanol (iPrOH) and higher homologs, only MeOH has a pKa lower than water. MeOH 15.5 HOH 15.7 EtOH 16.0 iPrOH 16.7 What this means is that when you mix NaOH or KOH with Methanol, equilibrium favors formation of the Methoxide ion -OMe : MeOH + KOH -- K+ + - OMe +HOH but for the others the Hydroxide ion is favored: iPrOH + KOH --- K+ + -OiPR + HOH Only when the right side of the equation is favored, is a significant concentration of the alcoxide present. It is the alcoxide which accomplishes transesterifcation. When the left side is favored, significant hydroxide is present. Hydroxide causes significant saponification.The left side of the equation is favored for all alcohols whose pKa is higher than water. There are tricks to shift the equilibrium (Le Chatelier's Principle) but it gets more difficult, expensive or both. Keith Addison wrote: Hello Andy I am helping a friend setup a reactor and he has 4 55 gallon drums of IPA. He has little time so it is slow going, but I will let you know how it goes. Since the it has the higher boiling point we will run at a higher temperatures. I am interested in trying the BIOX reaction as well but want to make sure that the reactor is air tight first. :-) I'd suggest you check on whether the process is watertight before you start bothering about the reactor. (It ain't!) Rather thoroughly discussed here previously, a few times. I think calling it the BIOX reaction might be somethinbg of a misnomer, for one thing. See: http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/35434/ http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/BIOFUEL/35449/ Check the links in those posts. Best wishes Keith Andy On Fri, 14 Jan 2005 09:12:26 -0300, Andres Yver [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Thursday, January 13, 2005, at 05:50 AM, Jan Warnqvist wrote: Hello there ! Is there anyone who has experience in isopropyl alcohol or its esters as fuel components ? Jan Warnqvist Here's a pdf out of Iowa State University: www.me.iastate.edu/biodiesel/Technical%20Papers/Wang%20Intro.pdf The production of isopropyl esters and their effects on a diesel engine The scope of this research was to improve the cold weather properties of neat biodiesel by investigating the manufacture of isopropyl esters from soybean oil and yellow grease. Isopropyl esters have a lower crystallization temperature compared to methyl esters from the same source material. www.me.iastate.edu/biodiesel/Technical%20Papers/ Wang%20Equip%20Analysis%20Results.pdf Optimizing the Transesterification Process for Isopropyl Esters Producing isopropyl esters requires the use of isopropyl alcohol as opposed to methyl esters, which utilize methanol, or ethyl esters, which use ethanol. Commonly, most biodiesel consists of methyl esters and methanol is used since it is cheap and widely available. Methanol is priced between $.04-.24/lb [14] and is the fourth largest organic chemical in the U.S. in terms of volume. Isopropanol, on the other hand, is priced between $.20 - .34/lb [14], which makes it more expensive to make isopropyl esters. However, the yield for isopropyl esters is about 10% more than methyl esters because of the heavier molecular weight. So, this partially compensates for the increased cost. hth, andres yver ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[Biofuel] Hydrogen Car Discussion on NPR Science Friday Today NOW
Join Ira and guests in this hour of Science Friday for a look at environmentally friendly cars. Will a hydrogen concept car unveiled this week ever hit the showroom? Plus, the latest on the Huygens space probe, headed toward Saturn's moon Titan... http://www.sciencefriday.com/index.html __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] Dist ribution of: Was:Dust Supressants, Biodiesel, and B100 Soy
Dave, Thanks for the response. Yes, hope your friend proceeds. The issue of a benign dust surpressant seems to be of importance. During my ag days I recall my fellow farmers pouring diesel on dirt roads. Glycerine byproduct or similar appears to be a reasonable alternative. Like any other product the issue of the distribution of that product a key part of market transformation. In the U.S., The C-Store/gas station industry taught me much about the importance of widespread distribution; with arranged deals, agreements, partnerships, jobbers, distributors. It was quite fascinating. Maybe one day the biofuel readers on this listserve can have their own little business (such as some already do) and promote bio products in their area. Does anyone know how to do a licensing agreement? :) Thanks and good luck. --- Dave Shaw [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Phillip, I don't have any links, but that is certainly an interesting prospect. When he returns to the country, a friend of mine is eager to work with his air quality management district to apply glycerin on dirt roads as a means of reducing dust. This could be yet another use for some of that glycerin by-product. - Dave -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Phillip Wolfe Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 7:44 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [Biofuel] Dust Supressants, Biodiesel, and B100 Soy Dear Readers: The San Joaquin Valley of California has problems with air quality. I read that dust,ag-related dust, and dust related to construction activities contribute to sources of particulate matter. Traditionally the regular petroleum oils and/or water are used to supress dust - especially on ag land. I that soy dust supressants and/or B50 or B100 can provide solution. Any information or weblinks kindly appreciated. Thank you. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 250MB free storage. Do more. Manage less. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Collapse was The Scent of Fear
Dear Bob, I read the whole editorial and quite poignant. My local newspaper suggested everyone read the new book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed by Jared Diamond. I read his previous Pulitzer Prize-winning Guns, Germs, and Steel. http://www.booksellersnow.com/bsncollapse.htm Brilliant, illuminating, and immensely absorbing, Collapse is destined to take its place as one of the essential books of our time... The SF Chronicle has a good review: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/chronicle/a/2005/01/09/RVGR6AJCCI1.DTLtype=books --- bmolloy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, again, Seems as if the media is at last waking up to a few realities. Who would have believed the the geriatric New York Times would ever have run a story such as this. Bob. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/10/opinion/10herbert.html New York TimesJanuary 10, 2005 Op-Ed columnist The Scent of Fear By Bob Herbert The assembly line of carnage in George W. Bush's war in Iraq continues unabated. Nightmares don't last this long, so the death and destruction must be real. You know you're in serious trouble when the politicians and the military brass don't even bother suggesting that there's light at the end of the tunnel. The only thing ahead is a deep and murderous darkness. With the insurgency becoming both stronger and bolder, and the chances of conducting a legitimate election growing grimmer by the day, a genuine sense of alarm can actually be detected in the reality-resistant hierarchy of the Bush administration. The unthinkable is getting a tentative purchase in the minds of the staunchest supporters of the war: that under the current circumstances, and given existing troop strengths, the U.S. and its Iraqi allies may not be able to prevail. Military officials are routinely talking about a major U.S. presence in Iraq that will last, at a minimum, into the next decade. That is not what most Americans believed when the Bush crowd so enthusiastically sold this war as a noble adventure that would be short and sweet, and would end with Iraqis tossing garlands of flowers at American troops. The reality, of course, is that this war is like all wars - fearsomely brutal and tragic. The administration was jolted into the realization of just how badly the war was going by the brazen suicide bombing just a few days before Christmas inside a mess tent of a large and supposedly heavily fortified military base in Mosul. Fourteen American soldiers and four American contractors were among the dead. Seven American soldiers were killed last Thursday when their Bradley armored personnel carrier hit a roadside bomb in northwestern Baghdad. Two U.S. marines were killed the same day in Anbar. Brig. Gen. David Rodriguez told reporters at the Pentagon on Friday of an ominous new development in Iraq. We've noticed in the recent couple of weeks, he said, that the I.E.D.'s [improvised explosive devices] are all being built more powerfully, with more explosive effort in a smaller number of I.E.D.'s. Mr. Bush's so-called pre-emptive war, which has already cost so many lives, is being enveloped by the foul and unmistakable odor of failure. That's why the Pentagon is dispatching a retired four-star general, Gary Luck, to Iraq to assess the entire wretched operation. The hope in Washington is that he will pull a rabbit out of a hat. His mission is to review the military's entire Iraq policy, and do it quickly. I hope, as he is touring the regions in which the U.S. is still using conventional tactics against a guerrilla foe, that he keeps in mind how difficult it is to defeat local insurgencies, and other indigenous forces, as exemplified by such widely varying historical examples as the French experiences in Indochina and Algeria, the American experience in Vietnam, the Israeli experience in Lebanon, and so on. But even the fortuitously named General Luck will be helpless to straighten anything out in time for the Iraqi elections. The commander of American ground forces in Iraq, Lt. Gen. Thomas Metz, made it clear last week that significant areas of four major provinces, which together contain nearly half the population of the entire country, are not safe enough for people to vote. Today I would not be in much shape to hold elections in those provinces, said General Metz. With the war draining the military of the troops needed for commitments worldwide, the Pentagon is being forced to take extraordinary steps to maintain adequate troop strength. A temporary increase of 30,000 soldiers for the Army, already approved by Congress, will most likely be made permanent. The Pentagon is also considering plans to further change the rules about mobilizing members of the National Guard and Reserve. Right now they cannot be called up for more than 24 months of active service.
Re: [Biofuel] Collapse was The Scent of Fear
Good points...my apologies submitted. --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Information on a book about how eco-meltdowns affect society being off topic? I can't think of much that is more pertinent to the subject of biofuels. Brian once again, way off subject... cmon guys, there's other places for this isn't there? My apologies to the group for not snipping but to make the point... - Original Message - From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 9:33 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Collapse was The Scent of Fear ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] Re: Trends of How Traditional Gasoline is Sold (In theU.S. market)
Peggy, Thanks - but You may be surprised how I found the JTF website because it was by accident or serendipity. I was actually doing a web search for Chic Corea and his Return to Forever (RTF) albums from 1970s. But I could not remember the name and typed in Journey to Forever. Lo and behold the Journey to Forever (JTF) website! Is that wierd or what? So here I am talking biofuels as an extension of my interest in Chic Corea. I always thought he was deep. P.Wolfe --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip, We really appreciate your views and reporting as well as suggestions for forwarding biofuels distribution. You find many excellent sources of useable information and food for thought that can be used globally. Thank you. Peggy -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Phillip Wolfe Sent: Tuesday, January 11, 2005 1:50 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [Biofuel] Re: Trends of How Traditional Gasoline is Sold (In theU.S. market) Biofuel Readers in U.S.: Here is a summary of trends on how traditional gasoline is in the US: (I am searching for similar report for international): There are three basic ways in selling (traditional) gasoline (in the U.S.): 1)Refiners can own and operate the retail outlets themselves, 2) they can franchise the outlets to an independent dealer and directly supply gasoline, or 3) they can use jobbers that gain the right to distribute the brand in a particular area. Jobbers account for about 44% of the market, compared with 27% for dealers who carry their company's brand and sometimes lease the property of the oil company Company-owned outlets account for only about 12% of the market! These percentages have not changed much (over the years) said the report. The most noticeable change has been the growth of nontraditional sellers such as hypermarkets and unbranded stations, which total 17%. Names such as Kroger, H-E-B, Randalls and the Murphy USA locations on Wal-Mart lots. Of these, Wal-Mart is building most aggressively, with some 150 to 170 locations planned nationally for 2005 alone. The hypermarkets are still expanding, and because of their aggressive price cutting are making it harder for the smaller independent stations to survive. The advantage for refiners of using jobbers and independent dealers is their retail savvy, the report said, which is a key in a business where profits can depend on how well you do selling beer and hot dogs. The disadvantage is a loss of control. While the long-term nationwide trend is downward, the number of stations in regional markets is growing. While the big oil companies are fighting for local outposts, the independents are seeing added pressures. Whether the mom-and-pop kind of station business will survive is still debatable, one expert said. As new locations across the country are being built, more and more of them are selling either unbranded or private-brand gasoline. Because of high prices, motorists have become more comfortable with buying gasoline that is not one of the major brands, the report said. Petroleum News 2005 __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - What will yours do? http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] which diesel additive do u use to increase flow in coldweather
Thanks Luc, Thanks from me too. This will help for winterizing in the Sierras. I especially like the paragraph: We tested Wintron X30, and yes, it really does work (see photograph below). Biodieselers in the US tested Arctic Express apparently with good results. We have no independent reports on Lubrizol's product, but Lubrizol is a reputable company and their biodiesel antigel is likely to be effective. Be aware that these antigel agents contain small amounts of toxic compounds, usually toluene, and must be handled with care.. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_winter.html --- Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: G'day Koray; http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_winter.html with links at the bottom. Luc - Original Message - From: Koray Cilingir [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 5:31 AM Subject: [Biofuel] which diesel additive do u use to increase flow in coldweather hi please tell me which diesel additive do u use to increase cold flow of biodiesel ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Dust Supressants, Biodiesel, and B100 Soy
Dear Readers: The San Joaquin Valley of California has problems with air quality. I read that dust,ag-related dust, and dust related to construction activities contribute to sources of particulate matter. Traditionally the regular petroleum oils and/or water are used to supress dust - especially on ag land. I that soy dust supressants and/or B50 or B100 can provide solution. Any information or weblinks kindly appreciated. Thank you. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Dust Supressants, Biodiesel, and B100 Soy
Dear Edward, Thank you for the information. I sit on the board of the Transportation/Fuels/Lubes Subcommittee of Operation Clean Air in the San Joaquin Valley. I coordinated a presentation on ULSD with British Petroleum. I will bring up this information to my contacts. The San Joaquin Valley will continue to be in the headlines regarding its air quality problems. If this summer's climate is hot (which it will be) then you will see more headlines. Although I live in the San Francisco area, my heart still wants to volunteer in any manner possible for my former beloved Valley. Regards. --- Neoteric Biofuels Inc [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Vegetable oils are excellent dust suppressants. This has been studied for livestock barns, many use it on dirt roads, etc. No need to use biodiesel for it, just vegoil. Maybe the idea would be to crop-dust with vegoil, use the mist to catch the topsoil that's been levitated, bring it back to earth, and get topsoil back, cleaner air, and a bit of fertility (from the vegoil?) as benefits. Of course you'd have to use something like this for application, to be enviro-friendly...and run it on SVO or biodiesel http://www.atg-airships.com/ Better to examine the agricultural and construction practices first, though, to see what can be done on that front to minimize creation of PM in the first place! ;-) Regards, Edward Beggs B.E.S. M.Sc. Neoteric Biofuels Inc. http://www.biofuels.ca Support Engineers Without Borders. See: www.ewb.ca On Jan 12, 2005, at 11:44 AM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: Dear Readers: The San Joaquin Valley of California has problems with air quality. I read that dust,ag-related dust, and dust related to construction activities contribute to sources of particulate matter. Traditionally the regular petroleum oils and/or water are used to supress dust - especially on ag land. I that soy dust supressants and/or B50 or B100 can provide solution. Any information or weblinks kindly appreciated. Thank you. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] which diesel additive do u use to increase flow in coldweather
Ed, If recall in my youth in the Agricultural areas of the SJ Valley and parts of Sierras; the addition of keronse mixed with traditional diesel to make winter diesel was...or is a common practice. --- Neoteric Biofuels Inc [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I can't remember which of the Canada or USA researchers it was, but one of the main biodiesel research guys wrote a report a few years ago that found that winter diesel (#1, basically kerosene, +additives that vary depending on where it's being sent to, AFAIK) was as effective as the additives available at that time, at least the ones they tested. That may not be the case now - probably the additives are better and more specialized, but it might be worth trying just that - certainly it's affordable and available if you live in a cold climate region...just go to the pump and add some to the biodiesel, or make up a few samples at different treat rates and put them in the freezer for a few days (labelled!) Back in early days of more basic SVO kits, and even now if you have thick SVO/WVO and no tank heater, 10-20% diesel made a big difference once once it got below -10C (where our Canola WVO tended to start to get very much a thick gravy consistency) ...you might be able to use less, with your B100 ...or look at adding a tank heater, inline heater, filter heater (start with an inline heater, such as our VEG-Therm, ahead of the filter)... then you might not need to add anything. or less of it. Regards, Edward Beggs B.E.S. M.Sc. Neoteric Biofuels Inc. http://www.biofuels.ca Support Engineers Without Borders. See: www.ewb.ca On Jan 12, 2005, at 10:20 AM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: Thanks Luc, Thanks from me too. This will help for winterizing in the Sierras. I especially like the paragraph: We tested Wintron X30, and yes, it really does work (see photograph below). Biodieselers in the US tested Arctic Express apparently with good results. We have no independent reports on Lubrizol's product, but Lubrizol is a reputable company and their biodiesel antigel is likely to be effective. Be aware that these antigel agents contain small amounts of toxic compounds, usually toluene, and must be handled with care.. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_winter.html --- Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: G'day Koray; http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_winter.html with links at the bottom. Luc - Original Message - From: Koray Cilingir [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 12, 2005 5:31 AM Subject: [Biofuel] which diesel additive do u use to increase flow in coldweather hi please tell me which diesel additive do u use to increase cold flow of biodiesel ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Read only the mail you want - Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 250MB free storage. Do more. Manage less. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Plant-Based Oils Cracked Info: Was Efficiency and expanded possibilities.
Dear Artu, I read about this Professor the past few days and thought the information may answer some of you posted questions: BERGOUGNOU, Maurice Professor Department Chemical and Biochemical Engineering B. Chem. Eng., (U. of Nancy, France) (1953) Ph.D. Chem. Eng. (U. of Minnesota) (1958 http://www.engga.uwo.ca/compendium/faculty/Bergougnou.htm --THE JET IMPACT REACTOR was also applied to the ultra-fast pyrolysis (decomposition by heat in the absence of oxygen) of biomass to give, at a high temperature (650 to 900#730;C) and short reactor residence times (100 to 600 milliseconds), a variety of petroleum-like products called BIOPETROLEUM. The JET IMPACT REACTOR does in a few hundreds of milliseconds what nature has done over a span of hundred of millions of years. --A Canadian receptor company was not available for the transfer of the technology for the production of BIOPETROLEUM. A company, ENSYN Ltd., of Ottawa, was created by PROREACTORS graduate students to commercialize BIOPETROLEUM. The first commercial plant was built in 1989. Four plants are now operating and two more plants have been sold. Right now ENSYN Ltd. has 100 percent of the world market, establishing Canadian technological supremacy in that area. ENSYN Ltd. is producing liquid BIOPETROLEUM for fuel and fine chemicals for the food and other industries. --The Jet research work was also used by Syncrude Canada to considerably improve the quality of the products of their giant fluidized cokers (the biggest in the world) and to plan for an advanced form of cokers based on PROREACTORS JET IMPACT REACTOR. It is anticipated that in a few years Syncrude will produce about 30 percent of all the petroleum used in Canada. --- Arttu Aula [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Fuel preheaters and other forms of gasoline vaporization were used extensively in the beginning of the 19th century, especially in tractors. This greatly increases a spark ignition engines efficiency, as only the vaporized fuel burns. Conventional engines (even your brand new EFI) vaporize about 20% of the fuel they use. The rest seems to be used to keep the exhaust hot. Vaporizing the fuel won't give you an automatic 400% increase in power, but it will enable the engine to be run as lean as a 20:1 air-fuel mixture without an increase in exhaust or combustion temperature, as it would in a conventional engine (about 16:1 is a straight road to burnt valves and piston seizure, 14.7:1 is considered optimum). It's just less fuel burning outside the cylinder. If you're intrested in getting 60-80mpg, even on a big rumbling V-8, google gasoline vaporzation to get started. The first site, Steam Engine of Australia, is extremely useful for the D-I-Y, the basic idea is there with pictures. Stuff about those old tractor engines is at the end of the page. The REALLY interesting thing i bumbed into, was the fact that those tractor engines could be run on USED CRANCASE OIL! And no, they weren't diesels, just spark ignition engines with good fuel vaporization. Here's the idea: straight vegetable oil in a modified gasoline engine. Lawn mowers, motorcycles, where a diesel just isn't theasible, could be run on WVO or SVO. Just heat the fuel and regulate it properly. QUESTION: Can plant based oils be cat-cracked like in petrochemical processes? Lighter grade fuels could increase the usability of vegetable oil. I asked a chemical enginer friend of mine, who had previously explained the whole catalytic cracking process to me, but he wasn't sure at all. But he didn't dismiss the idea entirely. Could methane, easily produced from rotting biomass, be used to make propane? It's easier and safer to handle than methane in transportation use, that's why ask. They do it in making polymers, but that's with extremely long hydrocarbon-chains. _ Is your PC infected? Get a FREE online computer virus scan from McAfee® Security. http://clinic.mcafee.com/clinic/ibuy/campaign.asp?cid=3963 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Easier than ever with enhanced search. Learn more. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Dust Supressants, Biodiesel, and B100 Soy
Dear Ken, Thank you for the information. I sit on the board of the Transportation/Fuels/Lubes Subcommittee of Operation Clean Air in the San Joaquin Valley. There is another Subcomittee that deals with Construction and Ag lands. I will bring this up or direct them to the weblink. I wonder if this company is willing to work with a distributor in my area. The challenge I see is the transportation cost to get it to the SV Valley. Regards. --- Ken Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Jan 12, 2005, at 11:44 AM, Phillip Wolfe wrote: Traditionally the regular petroleum oils and/or water are used to supress dust - especially on ag land. I that soy dust supressants and/or B50 or B100 can provide solution. Even more interesting is the use of acidulated soapstock as a dust suppressant -- basically just FFA's. Great use for one of the effluents of biodiesel brewing, especially if you're prepared to remove it from your waste glycerine anyway. http://www.indianasoybeanboard.com/DustSupressant.shtml ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
[Biofuel] Re: Trends of How Traditional Gasoline is Sold (In the U.S. market)
Biofuel Readers in U.S.: Here is a summary of trends on how traditional gasoline is in the US: (I am searching for similar report for international): There are three basic ways in selling (traditional) gasoline (in the U.S.): 1)Refiners can own and operate the retail outlets themselves, 2) they can franchise the outlets to an independent dealer and directly supply gasoline, or 3) they can use jobbers that gain the right to distribute the brand in a particular area. Jobbers account for about 44% of the market, compared with 27% for dealers who carry their companys brand and sometimes lease the property of the oil company Company-owned outlets account for only about 12% of the market! These percentages have not changed much (over the years) said the report. The most noticeable change has been the growth of nontraditional sellers such as hypermarkets and unbranded stations, which total 17%. Names such as Kroger, H-E-B, Randalls and the Murphy USA locations on Wal-Mart lots. Of these, Wal-Mart is building most aggressively, with some 150 to 170 locations planned nationally for 2005 alone. The hypermarkets are still expanding, and because of their aggressive price cutting are making it harder for the smaller independent stations to survive. The advantage for refiners of using jobbers and independent dealers is their retail savvy, the report said, which is a key in a business where profits can depend on how well you do selling beer and hot dogs. The disadvantage is a loss of control. While the long-term nationwide trend is downward, the number of stations in regional markets is growing. While the big oil companies are fighting for local outposts, the independents are seeing added pressures. Whether the mom-and-pop kind of station business will survive is still debatable, one expert said. As new locations across the country are being built, more and more of them are selling either unbranded or private-brand gasoline. Because of high prices, motorists have become more comfortable with buying gasoline that is not one of the major brands, the report said. Petroleum News 2005 __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - What will yours do? http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Splenda/sucralose toxic
Thanks Bob, (Professor Allen), My adopted family from Honduras would only drink raw organic milk, goats milk and believe it not even donkey's milk! They are very healthy individuals. They do not like store bought milk but that is about the only choice we have nowadays. By the way, I know of one very good Dendrochronologist professor researcher at your University. Take care, a biofuel reader --- bob allen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: here is another gem from Mercola, this guy is a one man savior of us all ; ) Over the last six months I have come to realize that the major reason why autistic children need to avoid milk is because it is pasteurized. The pasteurization process http://www.mercola.com/2003/mar/26/pasteurized_milk.htm turns casein into a very dangerous molecule that can further precipitate the brain injury. ... http://www.mercola.com/2003/jul/2/pasteurized_milk.htm Kirk McLoren wrote: If you don't have your health you have nothing. Kirk Dr. Mercola's Comment: snip -- ~~ Bob Allen, born just fine the first time http://ozarker.org ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from nasty viruses. http://promotions.yahoo.com/new_mail ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re #3 [Biofuel]City Zoning for BioFuel Stations (Accept ready made Biodiesel, Refine Onsite, Offsite refine, etc)
Dear Biofuel: Here two more responses to my email survey sent to City Planners of California Cities re: zoning ordinances for biodiesel gas stastions. By the way, the person answering my survey refers to Hubberts Peak. Mr. M.K. Hubbert is well known in the petroleum industry, albeit slightly controversial. I also agree with the gentelman's answer below who answered my survey. Dear Philip, Interesting questions. In my readings on Hubbert's Peak, I've run across the concept that biodiesel may be our fuel of the future, perhaps through farming of oil-rich algae. I think the future of biodiesel lies in its ability to be integrated into the traditional distribution system, as an substitute or addition to diesel fuel handled through conventional stations under existing zoning and regulaitons. The waste vegetable oil converter is probably much more conducive to an area zoned as industrial rather than in most gas stations. I can envision a lot of questions about trip generation rates, spillage, run-off, et cetera. I also don't see that the residential recycling of waste vegetable oil would have much commercial application - the green demographic of highly educated consumers is probably least likely to be generating any noticeable quantities of vegetable oil. I do see a tremendous opportunity for recycling vegetable oil from restaurants where water quality issues are generating substantial changes in FOG (Fat, oil, and Grease) regulation. Logically, this business would operate like any other restaurant supply business, where a vendor would follow a route on a scheduled basis rather than having every individual restaurateur deliver his own grease. Question? Do biodiesel fuels accomodate animal fat in addition to vegetable? I'm curious as to what percentage of restaurant FOG is animal vs vegetable. Council Member, Southern California City. AND: Option 1 could be done fairly easily. Options 2 and 3 would need more detail to determine potential compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act and the necessity for any local permits, depending upon zoning, location, etc. Northern California City --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Biofuel Readers: Here are first responses to my survey of Calif. cities about biofuel gas stations and local city zoning ordinances: Our general plan and zoning codes would allow this without a doubt. As for the processing options it would depend on the scope on-site. I have been told there is a biofuel processing facility in our town. There are many light industrial/commercial locations for this. The public dump would be unregulated, private is just subject to standards for similar types of uses. Next Issue not addressed by our General Plan. OK... I don't have enough information to tell you whether or not conversion is feasible in the City of . I would need to know the characteristics of the new use to advise whether or not such conversion would require a descretionary permit, such as a use permit or design review. How is the fuel delivered (and how many times a week) and stored? Does it create more hazard to the neighborhood? How are vehicles fueled (same neighborhood compatibility issues). Will the outcome result in a change in outdoor appearance? Depending on the zoning district it is located will determine the level of planning review. Once these questions can be answered, then I would be able to advise you as to how the City of _ would address this proposed conversion. Good Luck, Gary So there you have it...I will post additional. Phillip Wolfe --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Below is a survey and inquiry I sent by email to my City Planner Listserv in State of California. Feel free to provide me your comments. * Dear City/County Planners: I am conducting a study to determine feasibility of C-store gas stations as clean fueling stations. Question: Do General Plans of California Cities allow for the conversion of a gas station to a clean fuel gas station for biofuels? Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, or other. What are your experiences? Possible Options for Gas Stations: 1. The existing gas station is available, passes all EPA regulations simply takes a delivery of biodiesel from a major supplier just as they did with regular motor fuels and provides to the public and fleets. This already occurs throughout the United States. 2. A private owner maybe interested in buying a Gas station(s) and refine their biodiesel and put a small waste vegatable oil converter on their property. The converter is about the size of a small cement mixer. Neighbors take their kitchen waste vegatable oil (WVO)to the neighborhood gas station. The neighborhood gas station converts the WVO
Re: [Biofuel] Liquid Trap for Methanol Recovery and Safety First
John/Kirk, brings up some good points regarding precautions with methanol. As biodiesel homebrew penetrates the marketplace many more average joes will get involved (I am an average joe too) and reason for my survey of Zoning Ordinances in California Cities that I posted. I am very curious how planners in California feel about biofuels, biodiesels. Regular gasoline is toxic too! My responses indicate that City Planners will ask questions related to volatile organic compounds. Generally speaking, many homes and businesses (at least in California) have volatile compounds and chemicals in their storage areas, garages and kitchens - and methanol should be handled with care. For example, the wine industry is a user of caustic soda, sulfur dioxide, and other such chemical in the making of large quantities of wine on a commerical scale. And all wine cellar rats undergoe extensive safety training to handle such chemicals(I worked in big wineries). I think JTF is generally headed in the right direction by saying the biofuel can be made in a safe and sane manner. My concern is the average joe may not understand the need for prudence and caution in handling methanol. (Readers must also note that methanol fumes emit exist when fueling up your car with regular gasoline.) In comparision to othter animals, humans are uniquely sensitive to methanol ...and the toxic effects in these species is characterized by formic acidaemia, metabolic acidosis, ocular toxicity, nervous system depression, blindness, coma and death. Nearly all of the available information on methanol toxicity in humans relates to the consequences of acute rather than chronic exposures. A vast majority of poisonings involving methanol have occurred from drinking adulterated beverages and from methanol-containing products. http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc196.htm Conclusion: SAFETY FIRST! SAFETY FIRST is a motto I learned when working for the US Forest Service, an electric utility, and the petroleum businesss. SAFETY FIRST is something I advocate and preach to my kids at my home and my workplace (which is now my home office!)...and I am sure us JTF biofuel readers advocate that same philosophy. Phillip Wolfe --- John Guttridge [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: methanol will blind you even if not in the eyes. the eyes normally process retinol into retinal and if they get their enzymes on methanol then you get methinal which is really toxic and kills the cells nearby. if you ingest the stuff that is where it causes it's worst problems. interestingly the treatment for this is a high dose of ethanol because it overwhelms the enzymes in the eyes that do that. John Kirk McLoren wrote: I cannot stress highly enough the importance of avoiding methyl alcohol vapors. They can easily blind you if in the eyes. Kirk Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: G'day Kevin; I suppose you are looking for a closed,sealed container in which to boil the methanol. I am presently in the process of building one exactly the same as you, only I am using a pressure cooker and hot plate along with the PVC/copper tubing thing. To capture the condensed methanol at the other end you need another container that will allow a fumeless (as much as possible) capture. This can be accomplished by using a carboy with the vent slightly ajar to allow pressure to escape IMO and have the copper tube attach to the main drain part of the carboy. You could also vent the pressure realease to the outdoors via an open window if that is a concern,again IMO. Luc - Original Message - From: Kevin Shea To: Sent: Friday, January 07, 2005 11:36 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Liquid Trap for Methanol Recovery I'm looking for a suitable liquid trap, but having some difficulty in finding the pressure tank w/fittings that would be a candidate for the task. I would like to see a glass or clear type liquid trap, so I can view the recovery. However, I'm not sure such a canister exist. I saw picture of Girl Mark's processor and she had a small water heater (5-10 gal ) that was used. Several liquid trap designs on Journey's site had to do with a paint mixer approx. 2.5 gall metal canister, a scuba tank, and a small water heater. None of these are available to me as a free status. Has anyone have any suggestions or ideas on another type I can use for a liquid trap? At this stage, I have a condenser constructed (Copper tubing in sealed PVC pipe with pump circulating cold water), a very nice Edwards Vacuum Two-Stage pump. I'm at a stand still (no pun intended), to complete this last recovery necessity. The reactor, pump, preheat WVO tank, filter and wash tanks are completed to process 43.2 gal batch. Thank you, Kevin Shea Beacon, NY ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http
Re: [Biofuel] etanol:gasoline ratio
Dear Francisco, Thank you for the information. I've been reading your postings. Do you have any weblinks you can send me? to this list? The more I think...the more I realize that the clean fuel/biodiesel gas station/CStore that I've been talking about should have a variety of fuel pumps at the gas station. The hypothetical clean fuel gas station (which is already happening as we speak) should have an ethanol pump, biodiesel pump, WVO pump, SVO pump, Compressed Natural Gas pump, Elecric vehicle Charger and a whole cadre of related products such as biolubes, biosoaps, and some of the themes you've been discussing. My research shows the average cost of a new Gas Station/C-Store is about $600,000 to $2,000,000 dollars! in the United States. But that is for a real fancy one with a restuarant, food bar, coffee bar, bathrooms, etc. Thank you. Phillip Wolfe --- FRANCISCO [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Niels Arttu is doing the precise and exact calculation as you said and I over simplified. Conventional way in conducting the cost caluculation of fossil fuel takes in to consideration part of the life cycle the part concerned with the fuels and lubes manufacturers investment. The society pays the rest of the bill meaning environmental cost and other indirect costs, ther included terrorism. I understand Peggys's logic as my background is on Chem, and Chem. Eng. However the inefficiency is not on the gasoline part but on the engine part. I wish to stress is if 20% of the fuel is not burned this is an engine inefficency as current engines do use a lot of electronics and software to burn fuel properly. Flex fuels engines do exactly the opposite burns gasoline better than alcohol. Niels I sent you an email on PVT did you get it? Very best for all of us. Chico Niels Ansø wrote: Thanks Peggy. Both you, Chico and Arttu agree that the heating value of 1 litre ethanol equals 0,67 to 0,70 litre gasolin, but there seems to be a problem to get the reciprocal value. I agree with Arttu that 1 litre gasoline equals 1,43-1,49 litre ethanol (1/0,7 - 1/0,67). In my opinion the advantage of higher combustion efficiency of Biofuels should go to the Biofuels and not to the fossil industry and tax authorities, so I will recommend that the tax rate is calculated based on the heating value without considering octan boost for ethanol and faster heat release for biodiesel and SVO. Best regards niels -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Peggy Sent: 8. januar 2005 04:57 To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: [Biofuel] etanol:gasoline ratio Subject: Re: [Biofuel] etanol:gasolin ratio Niels Using energy as the key indicator == we can say ( roughly) ethanol has about 30%to 33% less energy than gasoline. So ethanol unit price per volume has to be 30% to 33% less than gasoline ( grossly ) in the event you use monetary definition. Using energy == energetically speaking 1 liter of gasoline has the same amount of energy of 1,30 liters of ethanol to 1,33 liters of ethanol. Ethanol has more octane than gasoline this is why it can be used as octane booster. Very best for us Chico The information that was reported in the above-mentioned, recent comment about ethanol may be a bit deceptive: I asked a few questions from ethanol users and was given the following answer. If it does not concur with your calculations or information, then we may need to consider the value in a different or relative manner. But in this new context, it seems to offer a more equal value in btu's and therefore a more equal replacement value. On a strictly stoichiometric calculation, ethanol has about 75% of the btu of gasoline per gallon. However, ethanol is burned at 100% in the engine, while gasoline leaves about 20% unburned (that has to be cleaned up by the catalytic converter). Net result is that ethanol gets almost the same power to the wheels as gasoline, and in some cases maybe a little more, since the higher octane rating improves the power output curve from the btu I also asked about biolubricants to use in 2 cycle engines and was given the following reply: The best lubricant for 2-cycle use is Castor oil. You can buy it at any pharmacy and it is soluble in ethanol. Add about 2 oz per gallon. And again, there may be more information that differs. This just sounds very easy and convenient. Hope that this helps. Best wishes, Peggy ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi
Re: [Biofuel] Liquid Trap for Methanol Recovery and Safety First
Luc - Yes, a little deeper investigation on my part on JTF would have saved my meatpie face from acting like mr. know it all. Thanks. From Mr. Pie in My Face --- Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: G'day Phillip; - Original Message - From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Sunday, January 09, 2005 1:35 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Liquid Trap for Methanol Recovery and Safety First snip Generally speaking, many homes and businesses (at least in California) have volatile compounds and chemicals in their storage areas, garages and kitchens - and methanol should be handled with care. Most homes in the western world have some sort of drain cleaner and a great percentage of those are sodium hydroxide based (Drano is 55% NaOH, Red Devil Lye is 100% NaOH) Methanol/Methyl Hydrate is common amongst those who use paints in household applications. I think JTF is generally headed in the right direction by saying the biofuel can be made in a safe and sane manner. So glad you agree. My concern is the average joe may not understand the need for prudence and caution in handling methanol. They will if they know how to read; Sodium methoxide is a DANGEROUS CHEMICAL. Take full safety precautions when working with methanol, lye and sodium methoxide, wear safety goggles, protective gloves and clothing, have running water nearby. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_aleksnew.html#easymeth And then it is repeated in the sidebar. In Mike Pelley's method it is again repeated, CAUTION: Wear proper protective gloves, apron, and eye protection and do not inhale any vapors. Methanol can cause blindness and death, and you don't even have to drink it, it's absorbed through the skin. Sodium hydroxide can cause severe burns and death. Together these two chemicals form sodium methoxide. This is an extremely caustic chemical. These are dangerous chemicals -- treat them as such! Always have a hose running when working with them. The workspace must be thoroughly ventilated. No children or pets allowed. See Safety for further information. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_mike.html And there are others as well, so the subject of safety has been well covered, and the average joe usually knows how to read. Perhaps a little further investigation on your part would have saved you this embarassment. Luc ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Estimating WVO Volume
Dear Randal, In the U.S.? I've been thinking the same think lately as I survey California cities. Some interesting consistencies. In 1998, the NREL folks put out an interesting study. Here's what they have to say: The amount of yellow grease feedstock collected from restaurants ranged from about: 3 to 21 lbs/yr/person, or about 2,000 to 13,000 pounds/year/restaurant for the metro areas sampled in this study... ...The number of restaurants in most of the 30 metro areas studied is quite consistent, at about 1.4 restaurants per 1,000 people. Cultural and dietary preferences greatly affect the amount of grease used in cooking. The amount of grease discarded from certain fast food restaurants is especially high. Despite significant local variations among neighborhoods grease outputs, when entire metro areas are considered the quantities of grease are reasonably consistent on a per capita (and a per restaurant) basis. The amount of yellow grease feedstock collected from restaurants ranged from about 3 to 21 pounds/year/person, or about 2,000 to 13,000 pounds/year/restaurant for the metropolitan areas sampled in this study. Many rendering companies refused to provide data, so factored estimates were used in many of the cities. The combined resource of collected grease trap waste and uncollected grease entering sewage treatment plants ranged from about 2 to 27 pounds/year/person, or about 800 to 17,000 pounds/year/restaurant. Thus, a metropolitan area the size of Washington, DC (which includes suburban Maryland and Northern Virginia) generates about 39,000,000 pounds/year of yellow grease feedstock and about 50,000,000 pounds/year of grease trap waste. (WOW THATS A LOT OF BIODIESEL!!!) http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/26141.pdf#search='study%20of%20waste%20grease%20production%20in%20restaurants' Those NREL people do some good work and glad to pay my taxes to fund these folks. Hope this helps. Phillip Wolfe --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone estimat= ed total WVO volume at any scale? In thest1:placeU.S.= , or in a state. Perhaps from the front end taking the am= ount produced, how much for fryers, figure out per capita, then you could e= stimate for your community? I've tried from th= e other end; number of restaurants, typical volume per week, building= up, to an estimate of 50 to 75,000 gallons per year for a town of 40,000.= nbsp; Ideas? _ Msg sent via @bmi.net Mail v4 - http://www.bmi.net ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - Get yours free! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Revisited: [Biofuel] City - Zoning for Clean Fuel Biodiesel Stations
Biofuel Readers: Here are first responses to my survey of Calif. cities about biofuel gas stations and local city zoning ordinances: Our general plan and zoning codes would allow this without a doubt. As for the processing options it would depend on the scope on-site. I have been told there is a biofuel processing facility in our town. There are many light industrial/commercial locations for this. The public dump would be unregulated, private is just subject to standards for similar types of uses. Next Issue not addressed by our General Plan. OK... I don't have enough information to tell you whether or not conversion is feasible in the City of . I would need to know the characteristics of the new use to advise whether or not such conversion would require a descretionary permit, such as a use permit or design review. How is the fuel delivered (and how many times a week) and stored? Does it create more hazard to the neighborhood? How are vehicles fueled (same neighborhood compatibility issues). Will the outcome result in a change in outdoor appearance? Depending on the zoning district it is located will determine the level of planning review. Once these questions can be answered, then I would be able to advise you as to how the City of _ would address this proposed conversion. Good Luck, Gary So there you have it...I will post additional. Phillip Wolfe --- Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Below is a survey and inquiry I sent by email to my City Planner Listserv in State of California. Feel free to provide me your comments. * Dear City/County Planners: I am conducting a study to determine feasibility of C-store gas stations as clean fueling stations. Question: Do General Plans of California Cities allow for the conversion of a gas station to a clean fuel gas station for biofuels? Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, or other. What are your experiences? Possible Options for Gas Stations: 1. The existing gas station is available, passes all EPA regulations simply takes a delivery of biodiesel from a major supplier just as they did with regular motor fuels and provides to the public and fleets. This already occurs throughout the United States. 2. A private owner maybe interested in buying a Gas station(s) and refine their biodiesel and put a small waste vegatable oil converter on their property. The converter is about the size of a small cement mixer. Neighbors take their kitchen waste vegatable oil (WVO)to the neighborhood gas station. The neighborhood gas station converts the WVO to biofuels for use in diesel cars. 3. City coop/or private works with Neighboohoods and restuarants takes or obtains their WVO or have someone pick up the WVO and it is trucked to the local municipal waste where it is placed in seperate holding tank and re-converted into biofuel. OR this is done privately. Observations: I think option #1 is a given and already occurs in parts of U.S. I think Option #2 is more difficult. Option #3: I think Option #3 is the workable and probably already implemented in some cities and counties. Thank you for your time. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com __ Do you Yahoo!? The all-new My Yahoo! - What will yours do? http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Splenda/sucralose toxic
Dear Kirk, Thanks for the info. I read the complete text. My WWII veteran father is slight diabetic and I will definitely research and forward to my sistes for review for our father. Here an academic report I found on the internet: http://ari.calstate.edu/FundedProjects/abstract-Production.htm Stevia as an Alternative Crop for Sacramento Valley Growers Principle Investigators: Lau Ackerman, Department of Plant Science California State University, Chico (1999) A team of researchers at California State University, Chico is exploring the possibility of extracting a powerful sweetening compound from a plant native to Paraguay, South America. Known by its botanical name of Stevia rebaudiana, the plant has been used in Paraguay for hundreds of years as a sweetener as well as medicinal herb. It is a perennial crop that goes dormant in the winter and should be well adapted to the warm summer temperatures of Californias Sacramento Valley. The compound (Rebaudioside A) produced by the plant is 200-300 times sweeter than sugar and when refined correctly has no aftertaste like artificial sweeteners. The sweetener is also 100 percent natural, has no calories, is heat stable to 198 degrees Celsius, and because it is non-fermentable it does not promote cavities. Under the direction of plant science professor Richard Baldy, department research technician Lau Ackerman is conducting experiments to address production of Stevia in the Sacramento Valley. With the help of College of Agriculture students Francine Dickie and Nolan Kee, Ackerman is monitoring production and fertilization regimes and their relationships to plant growth and Rebaudioside A production. These two experiments are the first round of studies that will lead to finding sound agronomic practices for Stevia in the central farming regions of California. AND, and advertisement: What is Stevia? The Indians of Paraguay have used Stevia for centuries. Europeans first learned of Stevia when the Spanish Conquistadors of the sixteenth century sent word to Spain that the natives of South America had used the plant. Stevia is a fairly unassuming perennial shrub of the aster family (Asteraceae), native to the northern regions of South America.http://www.nunaturals.com/products/stevia.html AND, http://www.diagnose-me.com/treat/T375936.html Stevia is a small perennial shrub with green leaves that belongs to the aster or chrysanthemum family of plants. It grows primarily in the Amambay mountain range of Paraguay but over 200 species of Stevia have been found around the world. Stevia rebaudiana is the only species at present which possess the ability to sweeten. --- Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: If you don't have your health you have nothing. Kirk Dr. Mercola's Comment: You probably recall an article I posted regarding the overwhelming popularity of Splenda/sucralose in processed foods that is preventing the product's manufacturer (Tate Lyle) from taking on new customers and limiting its supply to old ones. Well, it seems that many companies who regularly use sucralose for business are willing to wait (and temporarily delay the debut of new soft drinks that will only poison your health) until the supply of the artificial sweetener has been stocked back up. What's worse, the overwhelming demand for the product is due in large part to those people who are Splenda-dependent -- people who feel using this artificial sweetener is far better for their health and weight. Not true! Folks, if you are consuming Splenda because you think it is a safe alternative to sugar or other artificial sweeteners, then you may be in for a big surprise. Research in animals has shown that consuming sucralose comes hand-in-hand with a plethora of health problems. Splenda's Sour Side Effects Shrunken thymus glands (up to 40 percent shrinkage) Enlarged liver and kidneys Atrophy of lymph follicles in the spleen and thymus Reduced growth rate Decreased red blood cell count Diarrhea If this list is not convincing enough for you, I highly recommend reading some of my other concerns regarding this potentially toxic no-calorie sweetener. But perhaps the most revealing and powerful way to learn the dangerous truth about Splenda is to read someone's personal experience with it. Nearly every month we receive a report from someone who has had an adverse reaction to Splenda; you can see many of these reports posted on my site. The fact is, many people are uneducated about the negative effects this product can have on your health and body and find out only after they experience a negative reaction. If dramatically reducing or eliminating your intake of sweets, whether it is sugar or artificial sweeteners like Splenda, feels close to impossible for you, I strongly urge you to read my book, TOTAL HEALTH
Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor
Doug, Good points. There are some gas stations that are up to standard in which the owner-operators want to sell or spin off - in ones and two...or in bunches. I was thinking of a neighborhood gas station in which the owner is retiring and or closed and up to par...just looking for another owner. Yes, you are correct that the UST (underground storage tanks) were quite an issue with leakage, not up to environmental guidelines, etc. But there are many good stations. On a much larger scale, a major petroleum company just spun off over 1,000 gas stations to another company or groups of medium companies. Thanks for pointing out your correct observations. --- Doug Younker [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Phillip; I am curious as to what you are referring to as an orphan gas station? Under ground tanks where what and laws concerning them are, what shut down many service stations in the USA. I would think to re-open those stations to retail biofuels the storage will have to be brought up to standards as well as any pollution found cleaned up as well. Thanks Doug, N0LKK [EMAIL PROTECTED] E Pluribus Unum Motto of the USA since 1776 - Original Message - From: Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 05, 2005 5:56 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor : Dave - : : What size would you recommend for a typical gas : station/C-store in the United States? : : There are orphan gas stations that can be potentially : converted into a biodiesel/clean fuel gas : stationmaybe a neighborhood gas station of the : future will have a WVO biorefiner in back of the : station and pumps in front...like a neighborhood : dairy. : : Most refernces state that the average medium sized gas : station sells about 40,000 to 80,000 gallons per month : of traditional fuels to remain profitable viable and : pay the bills. : : Interested in gathering more research. : : Phillip Wolfe : ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Get it on your mobile phone. http://mobile.yahoo.com/maildemo ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Earth Quake Prediction and Deep Well Injection Correlation
Wow. Kirk - that was a surprising revalation - the fact that the Deep Well Injection Project was correlated to quake activity in its local vicinity. How did you know about that? Was that a petroleum project? I will check your citations. Thanks. --- Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Movement can occur any time you add or delete oil or water. The deep well injection project at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, near Denver, in the 1960s is a good example. While the frequency of the earthquakes at RMA somewhat matched the frequency of pumping, the magnitude of the associated earhtquakes did not. The project, started in 1962, produced magnitudes 5.3 and 5.1 by late 1967 (see Kirkham Rogers, Colorado Geological Survey Bulletin 43). Everything has multiple effects. Even inaction is an action. Complex world. Kirk Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Kirk, Yes, I will look. People of various discplines and backgrounds will notice convergent things. For example, will global warming cause a reciprocal action? (how is that for a hot potato(e) downward or upward. Also, can updtake of large reserves of traditional liquid crude petroleum have causal affect upon land movements - nature abhors a vacuum. (purely hypothetical) Thanks.. --- Kirk McLoren wrote: Glad you liked it. Another resource you might like is http://fax.libs.uga.edu/ There is a link to a free Deja browser plugin there and the Deja collection is at (click for a list of titles) http://fax.libs.uga.edu/dbooks.html A book in Deja format that I found interesting is http://fax.libs.uga.edu/BL313xS648/ The Evolution of the Dragon. If memory serves he describes some unusual cloud behaviour that I would attribute to electrostatic forces. The quake website advocates heat as the mover and certainly infrared radiation will influence water vapor but piezoelectric effect could be the prime force. Rocks under stress can generate enourmous stress and that is current earthquake causality theory isn't it? Or perhaps it is both but I favor electrostatic. http://fax.libs.uga.edu/GN751xD685/ describes a rather enormous geological event. Some dispute his reasoning but the evidence he cites is fascinating of itself. All the best Kirk Phillip Wolfe wrote: I read the complete website and worth reading at least for its interesting point of view. Maybe the birds, bees, and animals detect obvious signs in Mother Nature that us humans are unwilling to see without solid empirical evidence. The author proposed that quakes can be predicated by observating cloud formations. The clouds are not real clouds but localized regional vapour formations from huge fricitional forces which heat up local air and land termperatures which then lears to vapour cloud formations over the impending quake area... Very interesting. The author states: ...The external forces cause(Refer to Fig. 15 and 16[4] ) between neighboring particles of rock to move against each other, and the resulting friction generates heat. The amount of heat can be surprisingly large. Scientific analysis of frictional melt and recrystallization of fault-rock indicates that temperatures from 300 - 1500o C can be generated along fault lines[5-8]. Anecdotal evidence of extreme heat is also plentiful. For example, very hot erupting matter was reported to have burned a man during the 7.8 Tangshan, China earthquake in 1976 [9]. Before the 7.3 Haicheng, China earthquake in1975, part of the ice in a shade of a frozen reservoir melted during a very cold winter [10]. Temperatures of 250~ 350o C were directly measured in steam and groundwater before three big earthquakes in Mexico [11]... unquote Thanks Kirk. --- Kirk McLoren wrote: Interesting Earth Quake Prediction http://quake.exit.com/ - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - now with 250MB free storage. Learn more. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Helps protect you from
Re: [Biofuel] Tripple Purpose Genset
Hello, During my days in Silicon Valley the high tech manufacturers would always keep big gensets in case of power outages. We called these gensets - big bore gensets - some were cogeneration type gensets or triple purpose gensets, sized them up to 1,000 kilowatts (1Mw) or higher. Companies such as Aggeko, Catterpillar, Onan, Cummins, are the usual names for large systems in my area. The Rule of Thumb cost for typcial commercial cogneration system with heat recovery and create your electricity is about $600 to $1,000 per 1000 kilowatts. This is not for the average do-it-yourselfer but for commercial and industrial. I believe there is another reader on this list who has a bonafide home system. I forgot his hame. --- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, Although this would work, when I looked into similar stuff for power tools, etc., I came to the conclusion that it is better to have one gen-set and have everything else electric, than to have a bunch of diesel engines about. The maintenance is easier, the management of the systems is easier, the noise is better contained, and one has greater flexibility. Personally, I would go with a biodiesel or veg-oil fired gen-set for electric with co-gen heat for space heating. If refrigeration or air-conditioning is needed, go electric for that part. Also, used Isocontainers are relatively easy to purchase if work or storage space is needed. They can be delivered and you don't need to worry about the wheeled undercarriage of a normal semi-trailer. They are available in a variety of sizes and as reefers if insulation is needed. Used rail cars would be difficult to move about. I believe the used isocontainers are also cheaper than the equivalent sized semi-trailers. Derek Hargis -- Original message -- From: Legal Eagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] G'day John; - Original Message - From: John Guttridge [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, January 05, 2005 6:41 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Tripple Purpose Genset G'day Luc, where do you find one of these units and what do they cost? At times they can be had where ever they sell and/or restore and/or service refrigerated trailors. You want the diesel powered one. Cost will vary on the used market. New would be in a couple to a few thousand I suspect. They are electronically controlled with a type of think pad with all the necessary gauges to let you know if something is amiss. I haven't tried out this idea yet although it seems from everything that I have been abel to gather that there is no good reason why it wouldn't work as expected. It is for all intents and purposes a diesel engine like any diesel engine, with battery, fuel pump and filters, electric start and thermometer swith controled. You set the temp you want on the control panel and then when the temp gets there the thermometer tells the unit to stop producing heat/cold. The position of the thermometer's reader is important. In a trailer it is behind the back wall where the returning air will hit it and record the inside air temp which it will then aloow the unit to continue cooling/heating or tell it to standby until the temp drops/ goes up enough to have it automatically switch on again.They can be set to continuous run or recycle. The later will turn the thing on and off as the need is. The former will run the motor continuously although it will still only heat/cool when the thermometer tells it to. On continuous run it could also be charging a battery bank while waiting for the thermometer to kick in.The power produced would not be for use by the unit itself as it is stand-alone and self sufficient; the power would be for other stuff, like lights or a processor or other stuff. Like I said though, it is still only a work in the ideas stage at this time. Oh yeah, on full run all day it will consume about 25 liters fuel. A reafer needs to be fueled every second day when on the road, so does that make it viable ? I've not done any calculations yet. Luc John ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? All your favorites on one personal page Try My Yahoo! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] City - Zoning for Clean Fuel Biodiesel Stations
Below is a survey and inquiry I sent by email to my City Planner Listserv in State of California. Feel free to provide me your comments. * Dear City/County Planners: I am conducting a study to determine feasibility of C-store gas stations as clean fueling stations. Question: Do General Plans of California Cities allow for the conversion of a gas station to a clean fuel gas station for biofuels? Biodiesel, Compressed Natural Gas, or other. What are your experiences? Possible Options for Gas Stations: 1. The existing gas station is available, passes all EPA regulations simply takes a delivery of biodiesel from a major supplier just as they did with regular motor fuels and provides to the public and fleets. This already occurs throughout the United States. 2. A private owner maybe interested in buying a Gas station(s) and refine their biodiesel and put a small waste vegatable oil converter on their property. The converter is about the size of a small cement mixer. Neighbors take their kitchen waste vegatable oil (WVO)to the neighborhood gas station. The neighborhood gas station converts the WVO to biofuels for use in diesel cars. 3. City coop/or private works with Neighboohoods and restuarants takes or obtains their WVO or have someone pick up the WVO and it is trucked to the local municipal waste where it is placed in seperate holding tank and re-converted into biofuel. OR this is done privately. Observations: I think option #1 is a given and already occurs in parts of U.S. I think Option #2 is more difficult. Option #3: I think Option #3 is the workable and probably already implemented in some cities and counties. Thank you for your time. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] student seeking info on conducting Feasability Studies...part of Thesis
Dave, With a little bit of research on the Journey To Forever website you will find most of your answers. I am sure you will get some responses from the helpful experts on this email list. TO give you encouragement, I worked at a petroleum company for several years. The one I worked for has 35,000 gas stations around the world. I cannot knock them because they helped bring up my family with a good salary. But I do think there are opportunities to look at different fuel supply streams such as biodiesel. Many petroleum folks think the same way and will happen as inertia hits crtical point. I miss the steady salary of a real job but my early retirement and now free-lance work was a blessing in disguise cause I get to meet people like you and others on this email list. Keep up the good work. Citizen at Large Phillip Wolfe --- David Thornton [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings to all, My name is David and i'm a student at university of Mary Washington as well as a home brewer. I was originally drawn to biodiesel for 3 reasons: 1) its resistance to multinational oil corporations, 2) its lower emissions, and 3) the ability to make my own fuel. As I've become more involved in the biodiesel scene here in VA I've encountered several municipalities (or is it municipals...whatever) as well as universities which have adopted biodiesel into their fleets. I have had my thesis approved (major: Sustainable Development ( focusing on greening capitalism) to conduct a study of the feasiblity of buying and/or brewing BD on site for the university and city fleets. While i have a good idea of what is entailed in a feasability study, i understand that there is a general format which biodiesel consultants tend to follow. I'm hoping there is a consultant out there who can send me a copy of a feasability study that i may use as a guideline in my study, or at least list for me some of the important criteria. I have a general outline of my approach to this study for anyone interested. Also, I'd like to know what kinds of grants are available for student BD research that would apply for a student researching BD for a University or City. This is an amazing blog. I've learned so much from it and thank you all for participating. I hope to hear from you soon. cheers, David T ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor
Mel Very good information and thanks. I worked in the C-Store/Gas Station business for a petroleum company (a very big one!). Anyway, gas station owners are typically an independent group of guys (and gals). For example, a C-store owner in California is installing solar panels on his gas stations. They are always seeking new markets and opportunities and many are greener than people think. I know because I met the actual owners at giant C-Store Trade Shows in Orlando, FL, and Las Vegas, NV. As I told the group, there is a small orpan gas station in my neighborhood and I am trying to contact the owner. It opens and closes every other year. But in a neighborhood with many progressives. See you soon, Phillip Wolfe Put a Wolfe in your Tank...the Call of the Wild. --- Mel Riser [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: there is a company here in Austin that sells above ground tanks with pumps and everything that can be dropped in place just about anywhere to add a biofueling station. All you have to do is get elctricity to the pumps i'll try and dig up a link and send it to the list. they were at the Texas Energy Congress a few months ago and I talked to the guy. mel -Original Message- From: Phillip Wolfe [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wed 1/5/2005 5:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: Subject: Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor Dave - What size would you recommend for a typical gas station/C-store in the United States? There are orphan gas stations that can be potentially converted into a biodiesel/clean fuel gas stationmaybe a neighborhood gas station of the future will have a WVO biorefiner in back of the station and pumps in front...like a neighborhood dairy. Most refernces state that the average medium sized gas station sells about 40,000 to 80,000 gallons per month of traditional fuels to remain profitable viable and pay the bills. Interested in gathering more research. Phillip Wolfe --- David Frykeras [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello I sell biodieselprocessors ready for production from 400 litres/day to 4 litres/day. Please have a look at www.carryon.se Best regards David - Original Message - From: Gabriel Proulx [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 1:58 AM Subject: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor Is there someone here who sell biodiesel processor? Where can I buy a biodiesel processor? _ Profitez des puissants filtres de courriels indésirables articulé sur la technologie brevetée Microsoft SmartScreen.s http://join.msn.com/?pgmarket=fr-capage=features/popup Commencez dès maintenant à profiter de tous les avantages de MSN Premium et obtenez les deux premiers mois GRATUITS*. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Meet the all-new My Yahoo! - Try it today! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel
RE: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor
Mel, Getting electricity to the equipment is not that hard. Typically a person will work with an electrical contractor and the local utility company. I know this too because I also worked at an electrical utility company as a power engineer. Anway, all it takes is the estimated amps, operating hours, future estimated loads. The electrical contractor will come up with an estimated load draw, the switchgear needed, and then work with local utility. I think the bigger challenge is the actual physical tank, its size and what the thing looks like. You/we/readers will need to be aware of local city zoning ordinances to determine if structures are needed to hide the tank, any hazmat ordinances, etc. In California, the Weights Measures Dept looks at biodiesel in an interesting way...and scrutinized closely. Maybe the reader from Bay Area Fuels can add in his comments. I look forward to Mel's information, and costs..to develop a budget. Phillip Wolfe ..Call of the Wild :) --- Mel Riser [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: there is a company here in Austin that sells above ground tanks with pumps and everything that can be dropped in place just about anywhere to add a biofueling station. All you have to do is get elctricity to the pumps i'll try and dig up a link and send it to the list. they were at the Texas Energy Congress a few months ago and I talked to the guy. mel -Original Message- From: Phillip Wolfe [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wed 1/5/2005 5:56 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: Subject: Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor Dave - What size would you recommend for a typical gas station/C-store in the United States? There are orphan gas stations that can be potentially converted into a biodiesel/clean fuel gas stationmaybe a neighborhood gas station of the future will have a WVO biorefiner in back of the station and pumps in front...like a neighborhood dairy. Most refernces state that the average medium sized gas station sells about 40,000 to 80,000 gallons per month of traditional fuels to remain profitable viable and pay the bills. Interested in gathering more research. Phillip Wolfe --- David Frykeras [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello I sell biodieselprocessors ready for production from 400 litres/day to 4 litres/day. Please have a look at www.carryon.se Best regards David - Original Message - From: Gabriel Proulx [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 1:58 AM Subject: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor Is there someone here who sell biodiesel processor? Where can I buy a biodiesel processor? _ Profitez des puissants filtres de courriels indésirables articulé sur la technologie brevetée Microsoft SmartScreen.s http://join.msn.com/?pgmarket=fr-capage=features/popup Commencez dès maintenant à profiter de tous les avantages de MSN Premium et obtenez les deux premiers mois GRATUITS*. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Meet the all-new My Yahoo! - Try it today! http://my.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http
Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel processor
Dear Ken, Thank you for the information and clarification regarding permits and zoning ordinances in the California area. Yes, I agree for Bay Area. Regarding San Joaquin Valley, because the air problems are so severe in area, I also plan to ask my fellow Urban Regional City Planners in outlying counties as we have a small a email group for all City Permit and Zoning Ordinance Planners for San Joaquin Valley = we are former classmates in Urban and Regional Planning Certificate Program. Maybe some exception can be made. Not sure. Thanks again. --- Kenneth Kron [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: For the near termm there are not that many jurisdictions that will issue permits for you to make biodiesel in a retail environment. Of course new processor technology and new approaches to energy may change that but I don't see this as viable in the near term. Phillip Wolfe wrote: Dave - What size would you recommend for a typical gas station/C-store in the United States? There are orphan gas stations that can be potentially converted into a biodiesel/clean fuel gas stationmaybe a neighborhood gas station of the future will have a WVO biorefiner in back of the station and pumps in front...like a neighborhood dairy. Most refernces state that the average medium sized gas station sells about 40,000 to 80,000 gallons per month of traditional fuels to remain profitable viable and pay the bills. Interested in gathering more research. Phillip Wolfe -- Kenneth Kron President Bay Area Biofuel http://www.bayareabiofuel.com/ [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone: 415-867-8067 What you can do, or dream you can do, begin it! Boldness has genius, power and magic in it. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faust. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Mixing Ala deep thort was Re: pump mixing, was: ...
Dear Ken, I read and re-read the Professor Allen's write up on Deepthort. I think the answer to your question lies in Paragraph #10, Paragraph 11, and Paragraph 12, whereby Professor Allen talks about the density and solubility differences between palm oil and methanol. The Professor talks about the need to feed methanol from the bottom of the tank so it forces contact between methanol and the palm oil. The Professor also discussed the use of a paddle stirrer at the bottom of the tank in order to gently agitate the methanol and palm oil as the methanol is added and rises up through.. Finally, the Professor talks about adding Not much mixing is needed if the methanol is squirted into the hot oil through small holes because the solubility of methanol in oil rises rapidly as the boiling point of methanol is approached: Some call this sparging. I think this is part of the answer to your observation but I may be off a bit so anyone can correct met. Here are the paragraphs that I believe answer your question (but I may be entirely off track so please anyone correct me): http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html Professor Allen: we decided to get the required volume using a tall vessel fitted with a central stirrer and fed with methanol from below. Because methanol has a lower density than palm-oil, this second geometry maximises the chance of methanol capture as it rises through the warm palm-oil. This geometry also provides a sharper cut-off between the glycerol and the methyl ester after the batch reaction is terminated and so facilitates separation. Thus it is a deep reactor rather than the more conventional shallow one. So Deepthort seemed appropriate for another reason.. AND, Published information on the rate of the reaction shows that there are three key stages in the overall reaction, which take time: Mixing the methanol/methoxide with the palm oil, A fairly rapid reaction to about 80% conversion which needs sufficient methanol but not an excess, A slow reaction to about 87% conversion at equilibrium which can be pushed to maybe 97% conversion if sufficient excess methanol is present. The first mixing constraint can produce a lag-time while methanol and palm-oil are pushed into contact. To speed up this process, we placed a paddle-stirrer in the lower half of the reactor. Not much mixing is needed if the methanol is squirted into the hot oil through small holes because the solubility of methanol in oil rises rapidly as the boiling point of methanol is approached: And if the oil happens to be a bit above the boiling point of methanol (64.8 deg C, 148.6 deg F), the hydrostatic pressure in a deep reactor keeps the methanol liquid up to about 70 deg C (158 deg F). (Although it may rumble a bit as it vaporises further up the reactor Further Comments: As a side note, I encountered similar issues in the commercial winemaking business. The information reminds me of my short career in the commercial winemaking industry where we worked as a wine cellar rat in racking and blending operations, and vacuum presses. During fermentation there is a need to slow down the fermentation process via the addition of gas and this is done through sparging and mixing by bubbling a gas through a small hole or holes on sides of the wine tank near the BOTTOM of the tank to bubble up. Phillip Wolfe --- Kenneth Kron [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Has anyone reproduced the results from *Michael Allen and his Deep Thort reactor? I'll quote what I find most interesting. (from http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_processor8.html) * The second stage, which is fairly rapid, produces the peak concentrations of di-glycerides and mono-glycerides within about 10 minutes. If we use the 6:1 molar ratio (25% v/v), there is no great advantage to dumping the methanol in one big addition.Indeed, there is a good chance that some of it will by-pass the oil altogether and vaporise into the space above the reactor. By adding the methanol slowly over that initial period, we can make sure that just about all of it is contacted. We use a 12-volt electric petrol pump to push in the methanol/methoxide into the feed pipe against the hydrostatic pressure of the reactor contents. The third stage of the reaction is the slowest of the three and takes up to 40 minutes at 60 deg C (140 deg F). This stage requires excess methanol so [...] There is no mixer in the upper stage of the reactor because the conversion of oil to ester is favoured by reducing the glycerol content. We therefore encourage the glycerol to fall out of the upper zone. Which seems to take advantage of alot of the different features we know about biodiesel reactions but what I don't get is how you can get a complete conversion by limiting agitation to the bottom of the reactor. Just wondering. John Guttridge wrote: I
Re: [Biofuel] Earth Quake Prediction
I read the complete website and worth reading at least for its interesting point of view. Maybe the birds, bees, and animals detect obvious signs in Mother Nature that us humans are unwilling to see without solid empirical evidence. The author proposed that quakes can be predicated by observating cloud formations. The clouds are not real clouds but localized regional vapour formations from huge fricitional forces which heat up local air and land termperatures which then lears to vapour cloud formations over the impending quake area... Very interesting. The author states: ...The external forces cause(Refer to Fig. 15 and 16[4] ) between neighboring particles of rock to move against each other, and the resulting friction generates heat. The amount of heat can be surprisingly large. Scientific analysis of frictional melt and recrystallization of fault-rock indicates that temperatures from 300 - 1500o C can be generated along fault lines[5-8]. Anecdotal evidence of extreme heat is also plentiful. For example, very hot erupting matter was reported to have burned a man during the 7.8 Tangshan, China earthquake in 1976 [9]. Before the 7.3 Haicheng, China earthquake in1975, part of the ice in a shade of a frozen reservoir melted during a very cold winter [10]. Temperatures of 250~ 350o C were directly measured in steam and groundwater before three big earthquakes in Mexico [11]... unquote Thanks Kirk. --- Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Interesting Earth Quake Prediction http://quake.exit.com/ - Do you Yahoo!? All your favorites on one personal page Try My Yahoo! ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] Earth Quake Prediction
Kirk, Yes, I will look. People of various discplines and backgrounds will notice convergent things. For example, will global warming cause a reciprocal action? (how is that for a hot potato(e) downward or upward. Also, can updtake of large reserves of traditional liquid crude petroleum have causal affect upon land movements - nature abhors a vacuum. (purely hypothetical) Thanks.. --- Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Glad you liked it. Another resource you might like is http://fax.libs.uga.edu/ There is a link to a free Deja browser plugin there and the Deja collection is at (click for a list of titles) http://fax.libs.uga.edu/dbooks.html A book in Deja format that I found interesting is http://fax.libs.uga.edu/BL313xS648/ The Evolution of the Dragon. If memory serves he describes some unusual cloud behaviour that I would attribute to electrostatic forces. The quake website advocates heat as the mover and certainly infrared radiation will influence water vapor but piezoelectric effect could be the prime force. Rocks under stress can generate enourmous stress and that is current earthquake causality theory isn't it? Or perhaps it is both but I favor electrostatic. http://fax.libs.uga.edu/GN751xD685/ describes a rather enormous geological event. Some dispute his reasoning but the evidence he cites is fascinating of itself. All the best Kirk Phillip Wolfe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I read the complete website and worth reading at least for its interesting point of view. Maybe the birds, bees, and animals detect obvious signs in Mother Nature that us humans are unwilling to see without solid empirical evidence. The author proposed that quakes can be predicated by observating cloud formations. The clouds are not real clouds but localized regional vapour formations from huge fricitional forces which heat up local air and land termperatures which then lears to vapour cloud formations over the impending quake area... Very interesting. The author states: ...The external forces cause(Refer to Fig. 15 and 16[4] ) between neighboring particles of rock to move against each other, and the resulting friction generates heat. The amount of heat can be surprisingly large. Scientific analysis of frictional melt and recrystallization of fault-rock indicates that temperatures from 300 - 1500o C can be generated along fault lines[5-8]. Anecdotal evidence of extreme heat is also plentiful. For example, very hot erupting matter was reported to have burned a man during the 7.8 Tangshan, China earthquake in 1976 [9]. Before the 7.3 Haicheng, China earthquake in1975, part of the ice in a shade of a frozen reservoir melted during a very cold winter [10]. Temperatures of 250~ 350o C were directly measured in steam and groundwater before three big earthquakes in Mexico [11]... unquote Thanks Kirk. --- Kirk McLoren wrote: Interesting Earth Quake Prediction http://quake.exit.com/ - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - now with 250MB free storage. Learn more. ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
Re: [Biofuel] German motors designed for vegetal oil and possible solutions to air quality
Readers, I read the Elsbett website provided by Mr. Deprez. I sent an email to the Eslbett principals to ask for permission to send the their company weblink to my counterparts in my beloved San Joaquin Valley California area. As many of you know my beloved San Joaquin Valley Air Basin is ranked #1 or #2 most air polluted in the U.S. During my petroleum energy career I joined the Western States Petroleum Assocation (WSPA) to learn more about petroleum as it relates to many. Even the WSPA had some things to say about the San Joaquin Valley air pollution - see weblink below: http://www.wspa.org/issues/sjv_sjvaqc1.htm In my opinion public education is the #1 priority. Especially when the majority of residents are struggling to survive and achieve stability. http://geography.berkeley.edu/ProjectsResources/Publications/Parsons_SauerLect.html How can I convince the SJ Valley residents to get out of their cars? I cannot. So the other option is clean fuels and managing the other sources such as dust, human activity, ag activity, VOC, etc. Read what a leading expert has to say: FRESNO, Calif. (AP) -- An academic expert who travels the world studying air quality issues said the San Joaquin Valley's pollution problems are unlike other critical areas he's studied, and may need a unique solution since the current attempts to clean up are not working. Physicist Thomas Cahill, a University of California at Davis professor spoke at spoke in Fresno's Saroyan Theatre, and said he's a bit baffled by what he sees in the valley. Even as Los Angeles was able to fight back the smog and ozone pollution that plagues it, reducing levels significantly in the past 12 years, the valley has not made many significant improvements. In fact, the valley violates ozone levels more often over an eight-hour period than any other place in the nation. Clearly, we're doing something wrong, Cahill said. Science is not up to explaining this. Cahill said the valley's particular topography -- the long basin that goes from Stockton to Bakersfield_ traps pollutants. The professor urged the valley to step outside one-size-fits-all approaches to cleaning its air. The Central Valley is going to have to take charge of its own destiny, he said, after explaining the dangers in air pollution, particularly fine specks of dust, soot, ash or chemicals, which research shows can raise the rate of heart problems. The fine particles remain in the lungs, enter the bloodstream and move to the heart, Cahill said. The more dirt you have, the more death you get. Particle pollution in the valley comes from unpaved roads, fireplaces, construction, agriculture and chemicals combining in the atmosphere. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/news/archive/2004/03/18/state1050EST0053.DTL Thanks for your time and a Prosperous New Year Phillip Wolfe --- Frantz DESPREZ [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://www.elsbett.com/engl/index.htm frantz ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
RE: [Biofuel] agroecological production of biofuel integratingagroforestry, polyculture and mushrooms
Peggy, Re: your note I (Peggy) wrote a note about his (Paul) work in petroleum-contamination remediation. I plan to scan JTF archives for the petroleum remediation information. Thank you ahead of time for any response. --- Peggy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Dave, I just got around to reading this post after returning from my leave before Christmas. Paul is VERY interested in pursuing biofuels in relationship to mushrooms and will accept new challenges if they can be fruitful (Excuse the pun). Paul is approachable and has the resources to carry on good ideas as well as support others in their mycological pursuits. Like all bioscience, mycology frontiers offer new approaches to organic relationships. Let me know if I can be of help. We studied with Paul several years ago and look forward to implementing mycological filters in water purification. His research on this is also extremely impressive. Paul recently corresponded with me concerning relationship between mushrooms and biofuels. I wrote a note about his work in petroleum-contamination remediation for which he won due recognition. He would very much like to participate in a pilot project and demonstration. Let me know what you have in mind. Thanks for you note. Best wishes, Peggy Subject: RE: [Biofuel] agroecological production of biofuel integratingagroforestry, polyculture and mushrooms Hello Keith, Kind of basic questions. I doubt you'll find much of the really essential mushrooms growing in any corn or any other type of field associated with ADM, ie the mycorrhizal fungi. That's probably a good place of start. If you get that right you'll probably get everyhing else right too, and if you don't you won't, no matter what else you do. Start here: Trees and Toadstools by M.C. Rayner, D.Sc., Faber and Faber, 1945. Dr Rayner can be credited with putting the mycorrhizal association on the agricultural map. Mycorrhizas are fungus-roots, a symbiotic relationship between plant roots and friendly soil fungi without which most plants cannot thrive, while many cannot even survive without their fungal partners. The fungus actually feeds the plant, and in return the plant feeds the fungus the products of the green leaf which the fungus is unable to make for itself. Enhanced by good humus maintenance and often damaged by chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the mycorrhizal association is fundamental to why organic growing works. http://journeytoforever.org/farm_library.html#rayner Full text online. Best wishes Keith Basic questions indeed, but I'm still seeking to hear about people's real life experiences with farming the fuel in polyculture. Haven't heard much on that level though I know it's here. My question on mushrooms was more directed toward saprophytic fungi, though hearing about what mycorrhizal fungi biofuel farmers are incorporating, if any, would be interesting. Of course it is not likely that there is much of anything living and non-corn present in the soil of ADM fields--they apply heavy fungicides, herbicides, pesticides, etc. But as a sustainable agriculture enthusiast, I can venture to guess that by allowing the biodiversity to expand in their fields, ADM could increase the resilience of their systems, cut costs on chemical inputs, increase and diversify yields, and end up with slightly more fertile soil. Imagine a basic study such as a comparison of (1) a conventional monoculture corn field with (2) an organic and fungi-inoculated monoculture corn field with (3) an organic and fungi inoculated polyculture of corn-beans-squash. Is a study like that of any use or is it redundant? What would entice ADM to try more ecologically sound methods? I would think that economic feasibility and increased profits may be their jargon. I appreciate your comments. - Dave ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/ __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - 250MB free storage. Do more. Manage less. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://wwia.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/biofuel Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel archives at Infoarchive.net (searchable): http://infoarchive.net/sgroup/biofuel/
