[biofuels-biz] Trains on Biodiesel - as mobile gensets
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,53591,00.html Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuels-biz] Trains on Biodiesel - as mobile gensets
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,53591,00.html Very cool! And B100 yet, excellent. Thanks for posting it Ed. Keith Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuels-biz] Trains on Biodiesel - as mobile gensets
Here is another one, from the year 2000. German trains running on SVO (new rapeseed oil). 600 hp locomotive runs like clockwork on rapeseed oil World premier in Prignitz in Brandenburg A locomotive from the Prignitzer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (PEG) is the first locomotive in the world to run on rapeseed oil. The locomotive is used for shunting goods trains in Berlin. The PEG has acquired the license for the use of the regenerative raw material form the patent holder Klaus Elsbett from Thalmssing near Nrnberg. A PEG power car has been operating on pure vegetable oil since November. Now more and bigger model V 200 locomotives are to be converted. The large goods locomotives consume almost 5,000 litres of fuel daily. With a litre price for rapeseed oil of 0.30 euro, the conversion costs of around 7,600 euro per machine are amortised in a short period, according to PEG. PEG operates a rail network of 230 kilometres and achieves an output of 1.3 million train kilometres annually in passenger traffic. The rail company is also active in the goods traffic business. (PHOTO) The power car on the left was the test vehicle. In future the V 200 heavy goods locomotive will also be travelling with rapeseed oil. Ê additional information: www.prignitzer-eisenbahn.de Regards, Edward Beggs, BES, MSc http://www.biofuels.ca on 7/4/02 2:04 PM, Keith Addison at [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,53591,00.html Very cool! And B100 yet, excellent. Thanks for posting it Ed. Keith Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/9bTolB/TM -~- Biofuels at Journey to Forever http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuel at WebConX http://www.webconx.com/2000/biofuel/biofuel.htm List messages are archived at the Info-Archive at NNYTech: http://archive.nnytech.net/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] tap water?
Thanks. That«s good news. Christian - Original Message - From: Aleksander Gontarz [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Wednesday, July 03, 2002 3:41 PM Subject: RE: [biofuel] tap water? Hi Christian! I didn't make much biodiesel yet, but I'm a chemist and I can tell you that tap water is perfect (in relation quality - expenses) for washing biodiesel. We are talking here about sub - massive production (not for laboratory scale) so distilled water is unnecesary expense. Alex Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ __ mensaje enviado desde http://www.iespana.es emails (pop)-paginas web (espacio ilimitado)-agenda-favoritos (bookmarks)-foros -Chat Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Farmers Turn To Composting, Chicken Tractors Toilets
MH wrote: You folks got me thinking about chicken manure and naturally Journey to Forever's - Poultry resources for small farms http://journeytoforever.org/farm_poultrylink.html had resources listed for mobile portable chicken tractors. The one I liked first, thanks Keith, Profitable Poultry: Raising Birds on Pasture published by USDA's Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN) -- Features farmer experiences plus research in a 16-page guide to raising chickens and turkeys using pens, movable fencing and pastures. For the newcomer or just-initiated, touches on production, processing, marketing and resources for poultry production. Free online: http://www.sare.org/bulletin/poultry/ There is also a interesting article that discusses Carbon to Nitrogen ratios and terracing hills for gardening Using a Chicken Tractor to Uppen Your Soil by Andy Lee http://www.permaculture.net/PDI%20Web/samples/chicken.html who also was involved with the book Chicken Tractor : The Permaculture Guide to Happy Hens and Healthy Soil by Andy Lee, Pat Foreman, Patricia L. Foreman Harmon wrote: I should mention too that the guy at MREA, whose been composting humanure for decades, said turning is a bad idea, it loses heat, and, for humanure you want as much heat as possible. He also said let it go a year, make the piles big (pallet size), and just build another pile when the first if full, rather than trying to hurry it along. Obviously that doesn't work for apartment dwellers. 8-) MH wrote: I skipped that workshop, shhhucks. Came across these urban setups which I've heard of but not familiar with but would like to here more. Published by City Farmer, Canada's Office of Urban Agriculture list of Manufacturers http://www.cityfarmer.org/comptoilet64.html In Vancouver, British Columbia, a 30,000 sq. ft. office complex, utilizes composting toilets and urinals for human waste disposal. The new building, which houses The Institute of Asian Research, is not connected to the city's sewer system. As well, a subsurface, greywater recycling system with phragmite (tall grasses) plant varieties, cleanses the greywater which is then used for on-site irrigation. The C K Choi Building at UBC is the first all-Clivus Multrum large-scale office-building project in Canada. There are a total of 5 Clivus Multrum Model M28 Composters at the Choi Building...with ten flushless toilets and, in addition, several flushless, trapless ventilated urinals attached to them. Each of these Clivus Composters has an annually user capacity rated at 45,000 visits. Therefore, the total annual rated capacity for the Clivus systems there is 225,000 visits. All of the Choi building's washwater (greywater) is processed on-site separately. And, The Clivus company in North American now manufactures roughly 90% of its composters in Canada: in Winkler and Winnipeg, MB, to be specific. The Clivus Multrum first came to Canada in the late sixties. There are residential and public facility Clivus systems in operation in all the provinces and territories-- some of the public facilities (such as those operated by Tourism Nova Scotia at the Government Washroom at Peggy's Cove) being visited annually by several hundred thousand visitors. The Peggy's Cover facility is Canada's first totally recycling, fully green public washroom configuration: It includes a splendid Clivus Multrum-designed grey water purification vegetable garden whose yields deeply impress visitors to the site. There's a magnificent greywater-purifying, Clivus-engineered grewyater-fed ornamental garden at the Irving Bouctouche Dune Eco-Centrealong with nothing but Clivus composters through the entire complex there. The compost tea generated by the two Model M28 Clivus composters and the M54 Clivus Trailhead stand-alone systems all gets recycled on tree seedling plantations nearby which the Irving Corporation manages. ` Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur
Hi again Harmon --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Harmon I should mention too that the guy at MREA, whose been composting humanure for decades, said turning is a bad idea, it loses heat, and, for humanure you want as much heat as possible. He also said let it go a year, make the piles big (pallet size), and just build another pile when the first if full, rather than trying to hurry it along. Obviously that doesn't work for apartment dwellers. 8-) Turning doesn't lose heat, you only turn it once it's cooled anyway. It may or may not be necessary - read Will Brinton's study that I posted previously: Sustainability of Modern Composting: Intensification Versus Costs Quality: http://www.woodsend.org/sustain.pdf A lot of people turn it quite often -- thus the rotating barrel compost makers you see. I don't have any time for those. He was saying that you'll lose the optimum heat if you do that. In the rotating barrels perhaps, though nothing that happens in those is ideal anyway, but otherwise not necessarily. Still, I don't recommend excessive turning. Once is enough, when it cools, and that depends on your system, it may not be necessary at all. As for time length, he was talking about the whole sequence. Start the pile with some straw or leaves or hay on a pallet to allow air under it, add your daily bucket of crap, cover that with straw, it will take at least six months to fill the heap (pallets for sides, right?), depending upon the size of your family, maybe even a year. This is just a pile for dealing with humanure, not your main garden compost pile, as a lot of people aren't going to want to put it on the veggie crops. Perfectly safe, if you do it right. Entire populations have used the sanitizing effects of topsoil for this, and grown their crops on it, through many generations, without ill-effects, and still do. Hot-composting makes sure of that, and improves the effectiveness of the product. So I think your guy's being too squeaky-clean. No need for a separate system for humanure, process it along with everything else, kitchen scraps, yard wastes, garden wastes, everything. You can still build it up bit by bit as it comes, when it gets a bit of bulk it will fire up and keep going as you add new stuff. Finally, when it's full, leave it till the heat dies down, then turn it (best to turn with this kind of pile), add a bit of water if necessary, it'll heat up again, when it cools down leave it to cure for a few weeks and then you can safely use it anywhere. The Gromor guys seemed to be doing frequent turning and watering to keep the heat down, but that's not at all necessary, IMO, and Brinton's, and it may be counter-productive. Which is not to say it won't work anyway. I don't think humanure needs any more heat than any other kind of composting. http://journeytoforever.org/farm_library/howardAT/ATapp3.html An Agricultural Testament - Albert Howard - Appendix C The Manufacture of Humus from the Wastes of the Town and the Village Van Vuren's pioneering work in South Africa confirms this, along with Wylie's in England, and Gotaas's work all over the place (not online yet). My own work in England also confirmed it. It's just thermophilic composting like any other. C:N ratio, moisture content, aeration apply the same as with any other materials. It'll go well above 65 deg C and stay there awhile, finished in a few weeks, cure it a few more, and that's it. That's not hurrying it along, that's just how it works. No need to leave it for a year, it won't accomplish anything, and unless you store it well it will lose quality in that time. If the actual composting process is taking that long, then it's not properly thermophilic, and not ideal for humanure. Poore's and Moule's experiments with topsoil sanitation were very interesting, and indeed many millions (billions?) of people have done it that way for a long, long time, but I'd want proper hot composting first - not just for sanitation, also the results are better. Hot composting is quick. Yes, if you have a lot, but for individuals or small families it's just not going to work that way, the pile won't be big enough. I know, I've tried it in WI, it froze solid in the winter. I was talking about a small composting box I had on the balcony when we were in Tokyo. I had a 14x14x12 wooden box, only 1.36 cubic feet, composting kitchen wastes, which stayed above 60 deg C (140F) for about 10 days or more, freeze or shine - weather made no difference. Heavy snows during some of that time. The box wasn't insulated, just plain pallet planks with a lid. I did say that was pushing it, we usually recommend not smaller than 8 cub ft, which will certainly work, and is fine for a small household. I've been working with composting systems for householders and kitchen wastes and so on for more than 20 years
Re: [biofuel] Mid-California Ethanol use
Murdoch, When are you going to set up an investment fund for manufacturing biofuels? Craig If you're interested in that, you should contact this person about the Alternative Energy Fund, say I said so: Eugen Wawrin [EMAIL PROTECTED] Best Keith - Original Message - From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Wednesday, July 03, 2002 12:07 PM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Mid-California Ethanol use Thanks to several different posters for putting up these various cumulatively informative explanations. For example with Craig's information I was able to see that there are both pros and cons that seem to come from a sort of dosage of ethanol, in terms of engine-cleaning. It may seem to a real enemy of the fuel that one can conclude that it's just a disaster, but in fact there's another side to the matter. That's the sort of thing that has always left me a bit wary of accepting any one simple explanation: proponents seem to sometimes not even acknowledge any drawbacks at all (such as what seems to be the temporarily worse performance in Craig's description) and detractors seem to take any temporary or condition-based drawbacks on performance as an excuse to dismiss the technology out-of-hand (a classic sign, in my opinion, that they lack a commitment to an objective evaluation of the technology). Practical Use of Ethanol 1. It is unlikely that the ethanol has been watered down. It is absorbing the water in storage and from your tank. It will take at least 3 to 4 full tanks full to get the water out. Get a bottle of ' Heet ' (it is made to remove water from gas tanks to keep gas lines from freezing ), this might help. Greg H. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur
--- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Perfectly safe, if you do it right. Entire populations have used the sanitizing effects of topsoil for this, and grown their crops on it, through many generations, without ill-effects, and still do. Hot-composting makes sure of that, and improves the effectiveness of the product. I think the problem here is it just gets too cold in Winter -- when you put the bucket of kitchen waste out on the heap, it freezes solid before it has a chance to start working. Even here in central WI it does that, in northern MN where we did a lot more composting, it was frozen solid from about Nov. 1 -- mid-May, just like the ground. I suppose if you had a large batch of materials mixed up properly with the correct ratios, it might have a chance, but you can't do that with the daily wastes. And really, my compost piles here are more worm-bins than real compost, I don't think they ever heat up much. Not enough nitrogen for one thing, here in town. And when we had animals up in MN, we always just put manure straight on the garden. I wish the humanure book had been out then, we really had a problem in the Winter. Our outhouse would always freeze, as we got a lot of heavy rain in Fall, and it was heavy clay soil, so the outhouse hole would fill to ground level with water, then freeze solid. So you'd have a very small space left which filled rapidly. Several Winters we ended up having to just use a chamber pot and empty it into a 55gal drum, and although we added leaves and wood ashes in there to try to get it working, it just froze solid too. When it doesn't get above zero F. for weeks at a time, things don't get a chance to start breaking down and creating any heat. Up there you'd find piles of snow in the woods well into June, and the lakes never opened up before mid-May, and the Forestry wouldn't allow road work until June. Somewhere I've seen plans for a solar heated outhouse, and solar heated compost bin, which would probably be the ticket. I tried, as I said, making compost in a plastic barrel in the greenhouse this last Winter, but it just didn't get enough air, I think, too much water, even tho I added dry leaves, and not enough nitrogen. I'll try something different next year. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur
nomadicism... - Original Message - From: harmonseaver [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, July 04, 2002 8:12 AM Subject: [biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur --- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Perfectly safe, if you do it right. Entire populations have used the sanitizing effects of topsoil for this, and grown their crops on it, through many generations, without ill-effects, and still do. Hot-composting makes sure of that, and improves the effectiveness of the product. I think the problem here is it just gets too cold in Winter -- when you put the bucket of kitchen waste out on the heap, it freezes solid before it has a chance to start working. Even here in central WI it does that, in northern MN where we did a lot more composting, it was frozen solid from about Nov. 1 -- mid-May, just like the ground. I suppose if you had a large batch of materials mixed up properly with the correct ratios, it might have a chance, but you can't do that with the daily wastes. And really, my compost piles here are more worm-bins than real compost, I don't think they ever heat up much. Not enough nitrogen for one thing, here in town. And when we had animals up in MN, we always just put manure straight on the garden. I wish the humanure book had been out then, we really had a problem in the Winter. Our outhouse would always freeze, as we got a lot of heavy rain in Fall, and it was heavy clay soil, so the outhouse hole would fill to ground level with water, then freeze solid. So you'd have a very small space left which filled rapidly. Several Winters we ended up having to just use a chamber pot and empty it into a 55gal drum, and although we added leaves and wood ashes in there to try to get it working, it just froze solid too. When it doesn't get above zero F. for weeks at a time, things don't get a chance to start breaking down and creating any heat. Up there you'd find piles of snow in the woods well into June, and the lakes never opened up before mid-May, and the Forestry wouldn't allow road work until June. Somewhere I've seen plans for a solar heated outhouse, and solar heated compost bin, which would probably be the ticket. I tried, as I said, making compost in a plastic barrel in the greenhouse this last Winter, but it just didn't get enough air, I think, too much water, even tho I added dry leaves, and not enough nitrogen. I'll try something different next year. Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] EPA calls railroad environmental hero for B100 use
Ê Headline News EPA lauds California railroad for use of vegetable oil-derived fuel Ê OAKDALE, CALIF. (July 2) -- The Environmental Protection Agency has named the Sierra Railroad Co., which operates a scenic dinner train and freight trains, an environmental hero for becoming the first railroad in the nation to operate on B100 biodiesel fuel refined entirely from vegetable oil. The fuel eliminates diesel emissions and reduces dependence on imported petroleum, according to World Energy, which manufactures the fuel. Meanwhile, Sierra Railroad President Mike Hart said he plans to use 48 locomotives running on the vegetable oil fuel to generate electricity for the state«s power grid during peak demand times. The railroad is based in Oakdale and operates in the Sierra Nevada foothills. http://www.wastenews.com/headlines2.html?id=1025646661 Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur
Thinking back, I recall that for quite awhile we were trying something we'd read about to help keep the goats warm in Winter. The idea was to just keep putting down fresh bedding, not removing the old or the manure. This would compost and the heat would be a great help for the animals, then in Spring you haul it all out. Sounded great to us, we always felt sorry for the animals in Winter, most of our chickens lost their combs and wattles to freezing, the barn cats usually had shortened ears, etc. You'd think that would be the perfect setup, really for good composting -- plenty of manure, plenty of urine to for both moisture and more nitrogen, and the hay for bedding. We were quite disappointed, however, as there was never any noticable composting going on until late Spring. Otherwise it seemed pretty much frozen solid. Never saw any steam rising from it, never felt warm at all, and I spent plenty of time on my knees on it, milking the goats twice a day. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Farmers Turn To Composting, Georgia, USA sulfur
Harmon wrote: Thinking back, I recall that for quite awhile we were trying something we'd read about to help keep the goats warm in Winter. The idea was to just keep putting down fresh bedding, not removing the old or the manure. This would compost and the heat would be a great help for the animals, then in Spring you haul it all out. Sounded great to us, we always felt sorry for the animals in Winter, most of our chickens lost their combs and wattles to freezing, the barn cats usually had shortened ears, etc. You'd think that would be the perfect setup, really for good composting -- plenty of manure, plenty of urine to for both moisture and more nitrogen, and the hay for bedding. We were quite disappointed, however, as there was never any noticable composting going on until late Spring. Otherwise it seemed pretty much frozen solid. Never saw any steam rising from it, never felt warm at all, and I spent plenty of time on my knees on it, milking the goats twice a day. Trampled flat, no aeration, possibly too much moisture in the urine anyway... might manage to get a start in the spring, yes, in spite of all that. Or whatever, but hot composting most certainly can and does happen in freezing weather. It's more exacting, but it works. I've got photographs of people composting in the winter snow in Canada, and in Sweden. I've done it myself. Not magic, not a trick, it's a simple formula, if you follow it, it works. In cities, dry brown stuff (carbon) might be a problem, though always a solvable one, but I've never been short of nitrogen, not even in an inner city flat with no balcony, let alone a garden. In extremis you can use what English organic gardeners call HCA - household compost activator, aka urine. No smell with hot compost. Not even with leafmould: The decaying leaf medium breaks it down almost instantly so that there is never any odor, and germ survival in material such as this has been shown to be practically nil. http://journeytoforever.org/garden_con-mexico.html Organic food production in the slums of Mexico City By the way, wood might be better than a plastic barrel. Wood breathes, while with plastic water condenses on the inside walls so the edge of the stuff gets too wet and dies, which can kill the whole process, especially if the air supply isn't adequate (from underneath, as you said). http://journeytoforever.org/compost_make.html Making compost Regards Keith Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] titration
Hello again Neil - Original Message - From: Keith Addison To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, July 04, 2002 4:43 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] titration Hello Neil Not sure I understand this. Sorry if I'm being dumb. Sunflower The sunflower refers to the background that my wife insists on having on our emails. Using Cottonseed and canola oil. I am having some major problems with the titration of my oil. Using digital ph meter Oil/Isopropyl Alcohol mix 6.4 pH6.4 before you started adding the NaOH. !% Caustic soda 10.5 What does this mean? opps typo was fairly late when I sent that. 1% 5ml lye in 5 litres of distilled water. Okay, but what's the 1% mean? Should it be 0.1%? 20ml iso, 2ml oil Doubling up like this makes for more accurate measurement, but it also means you have to divide the result by 2. yep was encouraged by the first 1ml then as it equates to .5ml The oil is a nice oil colour, not black. 1ml CS brings the reading to 6.9 and all is heading right. CS = 0.1% NaOH solution? 2ml of CS takes the reading to 6.85 3ml of CS takes the reading to 6.75 Lost my temper here slightly 12ml of CS took the reading to 6.35 ie below staring value. I've never seen it going down. Sometimes with really high FFA oil it just seems to sit at a particular level for ages as you keep on adding more lye solution, but finally it shifts up and everything's fine. Is this very heavily used sunflower oil? Nope changed weekly from a restaurant that does mainly pasta and Pizza dishes, Your iso is pure and new? It can get a bit acid if it's old stuff, and can pick up some moisture too. You can do a sort of dummy titration to check it - titrate without the oil, see what it takes to get it to neutral, then add the oil, proceed as normal and subtract the difference at the end. The iso was new but how long it remained in the chemical depot prior to decanting my 1 litre bottle I do not know. Same with the lye - new, pure and fresh? Same lye I used with the 15ltr test batch so it appears to work pretty well, again its history prior to me buying it last month are unknown. You dewatered the oil? yes boiled off the water prior to testing. Are you using distilled/de-ionized water? Yes Distilled water, least it says it is on the container. Have you calibrated your pH meter? Yes sat happily on 6.99 - 7.01, I was ok with that amount of error. Repeated with Phenolpthalien (sp) took 25 - 30 ml to get a pink colour. So that's proper phenolphthalein then, not Phenol Red. But indeed a titration of 15 ml would be somewhat high. Again, the phenol is fresh and pure? It must be kept away from light. The Phenol is not fresh, I liberated it from the science lab at school yesterday, they said it was quite old. Only got it to check my results with the PH meter. Am going to order 100gram packet of powder from school supplier. After 2ml the oil drops out of solution and is difficult to get to mix again. and the mixture turns a cloudy white colour. Yes, that happens. You have to keep stirring it. It helps if both the iso-oil mix and the lye solution are somewhat warm, about 30 deg C or so. That might make a difference to your readings unless your pH meter has automatic temperature control, but it won't be a real major difference - standard titration temperature is 25 deg C. I stood the glass bottle in a container of cooling boiling water ie the water was not contiually heated. Well, I dunno, everything seems okay, I can't offer an explanation. Maybe someone more experienced has something to offer. Anyway, try it again, see what happens. One suggestion - try titration with some virgin oil first. Brew up a small batch out of virgin oil too while you're at it. By the way, was this the same oil you used before, that I posted pictures of at the list website Files section? General opinion was that you'd used too much NaOH in that batch. Did you titrate it? If not, how much NaOH did you use? Yes same supplier. Did not titrate it as I had no Phenol at the time and the PH meter was enroute to me. Itchy trigger finger I guess so I used the info from Mikes site to try the 15 litre batch. 6.5gr Lye Okay, I'm sure you know this, but I have to say that Mike doesn't recommend that, though certain people have insisted that he does recommend just using 6.5 grams, and then told me I can't read what's shoved under my nose. (Hell, it's on my website, I worked on the thing with him, then edited it, you'd think I might know what it says.) Anyway, just for the record, Mike says this: I've found over time that the number of grams of lye needed per liter of WVO has generally been between 6 and 7. He also says this: To determine the correct amount of lye required, a titration must be performed on the oil being transesterified. This is the most
[biofuel] Biodiesel as a business
Has anyone ventured this direction yet? Anyone entertained the idea? Lets talk please if so. GP Jessup III [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Will You Find True Love? Will You Meet the One? Free Love Reading by phone! http://us.click.yahoo.com/ztNCyD/zDLEAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: tap water? methanol use
--- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Christian [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all. SNIP Buying the used oil already makes things expensive, and the pretended volumes of WVO aren«t big enough to reach wholesale prices for methanol (Retail methanol costs about 2.5 pesos/lt... imagine it were equivalent to 2.5 dollars/lt, which it is not.. SNIP If I had saved dollars, that would roughly be 60 cents of a dollar per liter). To consider myself in business, at least for small scale production (the intention is to sell the BD... cheaper than dino diesel of course), I need to be very careful with costs, and that includes my source of water. Regards, Christian Christian does this cost calculation include reuse of the collectable methanol? Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Free $5 Love Reading Risk Free! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Pp91HA/PfREAA/Ey.GAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send quot;unsubscribequot; messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
