Re: [Biofuel] Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline
How do you buy a electric Car or van?? Jeffrey --- MH [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline By Stephen Killough Charging an electric vehicle with sunlight costs less than running a vehicle on gasoline May 31, 2005 http://www.evworld.com/view.cfm?section=articlestoryid=856 Are solar cells a waste of money? Not if you compare them to gasoline. Most people consider solar cells to be impractical. They always make comments like solar cells are too expensive, useless at night, ugly, undependable because of clouds, and would require cutting down trees. For the typical home application, these are unfortunately valid complaints, mainly because solar cells have to compete against cheap coal. However, compared with gasoline, solar cells can be quite competitive. This example deals with one of the largest users of gasoline, people driving to work. Of course I am talking about battery-electric cars recharged by solar cells, but for a different twist I am proposing that the cells be located not at the owners home, but instead in the parking lot where the owner works. Why at work? Because when the sun shines, thats where the car is. In addition, expansive employee parking lots are not shaded by trees, and shade from cells mounted above the car keep the car from becoming hot on summer days, and can reduce rust and paint fading caused by rain and sunshine. And nobody will accuse you of harming the appearance of their beautiful asphalt lot. The nine-hour stay in the parking lot is compatible with the recharge time for most batteries, and the lower voltage of the cells is safer than regular electrical outlets, especially in wet outdoor locations. The employer would not have to provide anything except anchor points to keep the panels from blowing over. Even more interesting are the economics. A typical parking space is 9 by 18 feet, or 2.74 by 5.48 meters, for a total of 15 square meters. A typical latitude in the U.S. is 35 degrees, so tilting the panel to face the sun allows more panel space to be mounted above the same parking space, or 18.3 square meters. Typical solar radiation is 1000 watts per square meter, and using high efficiency solar cells like the 20% efficient A300 units from Sunpower, 200 watts can be obtained per square meter. Without a tracking mechanism to continually point the cells toward the sun, the average power over 9 hours is 60% of the peak power, or 120 watts per square meter. All this adds up to around 20,000 watt-hours for a typical 9 hour work day. This is a significant amount of energy that can be collected from one parking space, although this also points out how much land we waste parking our cars, but thats a story for another day. The present day cost for solar cells is about $5 per peak watt, so the 3660 peak watt system described here would cost $18,300. Using a mortgage calculator we can calculate a loan for this system using a 20 year loan and 6% interest rate. This comes out to a cost of $131 per month. An efficient battery electric car, such as an EV1, consumes 170 watt-hours per mile. The 20,000 watt-hours collected by the solar panel would thus power this car for 118 miles per day. A typical month has 22 working days, during which the solar panel could power the car for about 2600 miles. Compare this to a very efficient gasoline powered car that got 40 miles per gallon, traveling 2600 miles and paying $2 per gallon for gas. The monthly gasoline payments would be $130, essentially the same as the solar powered case. Some of you may think that it would be better for the environment to connect the solar cells to the electric power grid to displace the use of coal. Per basic heating power, gasoline does generate less carbon dioxide than coal because much of the heat comes from the hydrogen in the gasoline molecules. However, coal generating plants are more efficient than internal combustion engines, so the carbon dioxide emissions are similar whether using gasoline in a car or coal in an electric power plant. Therefore solar cells can displace a similar amount of emissions in either case. But my objective is to promote more solar cells, and the way to do this is to sell them in a market where they are already competitive, which is the gasoline market. Furthermore, in many cases solar power does not displace coal, but displaces more expensive fuels like natural gas, even though natural gas is cleaner. Economic wise, it will always be difficult to displace coal because it is so cheap. After all, the commodity can be simply scraped off the ground from huge coal fields in Wyoming, delivered in railroad cars without even requiring a lid to shield it from the weather, sent to the furnace after very little refining, and
[Biofuel] NaOH
Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that canreach1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] NaOH
Hello Marc. If your NaOH is not anhydrous, you should not use it at all. The best way of finding out the water content is to ask your dealer (or his supplier) for a certificate of analysis, where the actual NaOH content along with the impurities should be stated properly. With best regards Jan WarnqvistAGERATEC AB [EMAIL PROTECTED] + 46 554 201 89+46 70 499 38 45 - Original Message - From: Marc Arends To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 9:52 AM Subject: [Biofuel] NaOH Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that canreach1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Animal Fat
Hi you all The investors team have defined we will start our industrial biodiesel production and fuel production using animal fat. I have gone thru several sources and found very litllte info and literature about production strating from animal fat. Can you folks help me on this?? Very best Chico Ramos ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline
Solar (PV)may become an even biggercontributortoour future energy scheme thanpreviously imagined. If it looks good now, the technology seems to have nowhere else to go but up. "A solar cell with the simplest possible physical structure could achieve 50 percent efficiency or better, far higher than any yet demonstrated in the laboratory." http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sb-MSD-multibandsolar-panels.html "After working on the problem for about 3 billion years, nature has achieved an energy transfer efficiency of approximately 97 percent," says Graham Fleming, director of Berkeley Lab's Physical Biosciences Division and an internationally acclaimed leader in spectroscopic studies of photosynthetic processes. "If we can get a complete understanding as to how this is done, creating artificial versions of photosynthesis should be possible." http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sb/Oct-2004/3-INCITE-Photosynthesis.html MikeMH [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline By Stephen Killough Charging an electric vehicle with sunlightcosts less than running a vehicle on gasoline May 31, 2005 http://www.evworld.com/view.cfm?section=articlestoryid=856 Are solar cells a waste of money?Not if you compare them to gasoline. Most people consider solar cells to be impractical.They always make comments like solar cells are too expensive,useless at night, ugly, undependable because of clouds, andwould require cutting down trees. For the typical home application,these are unfortunately valid complaints, mainly because solar cellshave to compete against cheap coal. However, compared with gasoline,solar cells can be quite competitive. This example deals with one of the largest users of gasoline,people driving to work. Of course I am talking aboutbattery-electric cars recharged by solar cells, but for adifferent twist I am proposing that the cells be locatednot at the owners home, but instead in the parking lot wherethe owner works. Why at work? Because when the sun shines,thats where the car is. In addition, expansive employee parkinglots are not shaded by trees, and shade from cells mounted abovethe car keep the car from becoming hot on summer days, andcan reduce rust and paint fading caused by rain and sunshine.And nobody will accuse you of harming the appearance of theirbeautiful asphalt lot. The nine-hour stay in the parking lot iscompatible with the recharge time for most batteries, and thelower voltage of the cells is safer than regular electrical outlets,especially in wet outdoor locations. The employer would not have toprovide anything except anchor points to keep the panels from blowing over. Even more interesting are the economics. A typical parking space is9 by 18 feet, or 2.74 by 5.48 meters, for a total of 15 square meters.A typical latitude in the U.S. is 35 degrees, so tilting the panel toface the sun allows more panel space to be mounted above thesame parking space, or 18.3 square meters. Typical solar radiation is1000 watts per square meter, and using high efficiency solar cells likethe 20% efficient A300 units from Sunpower, 200 watts can be obtainedper square meter. Without a tracking mechanism to continually point thecells toward the sun, the average power over 9 hours is 60% of thepeak power, or 120 watts per square meter. All this adds up to around20,000 watt-hours for a typical 9 hour work day. This is a significantamount of energy that can be collected from one parking space,although this also points out how much land we waste parking our cars,but thats a story for another day. The present day cost for solar cells is about $5 per peak watt, sothe 3660 peak watt system described here would cost $18,300.Using a mortgage calculator we can calculate a loan forthis system using a 20 year loan and 6% interest rate.This comes out to a cost of $131 per month. An efficient battery electric car, such as an EV1, consumes170 watt-hours per mile. The 20,000 watt-hours collected by thesolar panel would thus power this car for 118 miles per day.A typical month has 22 working days, during which the solar panelcould power the car for about 2600 miles. Compare this to a veryefficient gasoline powered car that got 40 miles per gallon,traveling 2600 miles and paying $2 per gallon for gas.The monthly gasoline payments would be $130,essentially the same as the solar powered case. Some of you may think that it would be better for the environmentto connect the solar cells to the electric power grid to displace theuse of coal. Per basic heating power, gasoline does generate lesscarbon dioxide than coal because much of the heat comes fromthe hydrogen in the gasoline molecules. However, coal generatingplants are more efficient than internal combustion engines, so thecarbon dioxide emissions are similar whether using gasoline in acar or coal in an electric power plant. Therefore solar cells candisplace a similar amount of emissions in either case. But myobjective is to promote more solar
Re: [Biofuel] fuel filter
thanks to both... i've been looking at various filters online and calling about pricing and such, and was heading for a racor 660 model with heater. i, too, am in the northeast (NW massachusetts to be exact) and the fact that the racor heaters are thermostatically controlled seems to me to be worth the extra 60+ dollars it costs. is it worth it IYO to pay for the heater, or should i just wrap the filter with a coolant line? and will the viscosity of the oil create a need for a greater GPH rating on the filter? or will 60gph be fine for a 250 horsepower greasel? On 6/11/05, Mel Riser [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The racor heated filters seem to be the best. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Your fuel filter must be have no bypass ability, should be of the same micron as the original fuel filter for your vehicle and all of the fuel that is used should be pre filtered to a micron smaller than the fuel filter. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] When corporations rule the world
These corporations are too big, suffering from gigantism. As a shareholder, I wonder what I can do to bring these giant corporations back down to a more human size. I noticed, when I get my stock proxy forms, that invariably, corporation officers advise voting stockholders to turn down proposals submitted by other stockholders. In return, I vote, in my proxy, exactly the opposite that the board of directors recommend. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: lol keith, i was laying on the sasrcasm pretty thick, or thought i was. you're right about schmeiser. i thought the fact that he's canadian is interesting. i'd be curious to know whether monsanto is basing it's claim, wholly or in part, on provisions of NAFTA. another vehicle for eliminating 'frivolous' lawsuits (darn near restrictions of any kind, actually) against corporations. -chris In a message dated 6/12/05 2:02:26 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: so much for congress' new tort reform eliminating frivolous lawsuits! -chris Hi Chris It's a one-edged sword, and that's not the direction it's intended to cut. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Animal Fat
I went to a biodiesel convention and saw a booth on animal fat conversion to biodiesel, the process is called rendering. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi you all The investors team have defined we will start our industrial biodiesel production and fuel production using animal fat. I have gone thru several sources and found very litllte info and literature about production strating from animal fat. Can you folks help me on this?? Very best Chico Ramos ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline
http://www.econogics.com/ev/evdl.htm#Sale http://evfinder.com/ Darryl McMahon Jeffrey Kumjian [EMAIL PROTECTED] asked: How do you buy a electric Car or van?? Jeffrey --- MH [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Solar PV Is Cheaper Than Gasoline By Stephen Killough Charging an electric vehicle with sunlight costs less than running a vehicle on gasoline May 31, 2005 http://www.evworld.com/view.cfm?section=articlestoryid=856 Are solar cells a waste of money? Not if you compare them to gasoline. Most people consider solar cells to be impractical. They always make comments like solar cells are too expensive, useless at night, ugly, undependable because of clouds, and would require cutting down trees. For the typical home application, these are unfortunately valid complaints, mainly because solar cells have to compete against cheap coal. However, compared with gasoline, solar cells can be quite competitive. This example deals with one of the largest users of gasoline, people driving to work. Of course I am talking about battery-electric cars recharged by solar cells, but for a different twist I am proposing that the cells be located not at the owners home, but instead in the parking lot where the owner works. Why at work? Because when the sun shines, thats where the car is. In addition, expansive employee parking lots are not shaded by trees, and shade from cells mounted above the car keep the car from becoming hot on summer days, and can reduce rust and paint fading caused by rain and sunshine. And nobody will accuse you of harming the appearance of their beautiful asphalt lot. The nine-hour stay in the parking lot is compatible with the recharge time for most batteries, and the lower voltage of the cells is safer than regular electrical outlets, especially in wet outdoor locations. The employer would not have to provide anything except anchor points to keep the panels from blowing over. Even more interesting are the economics. A typical parking space is 9 by 18 feet, or 2.74 by 5.48 meters, for a total of 15 square meters. A typical latitude in the U.S. is 35 degrees, so tilting the panel to face the sun allows more panel space to be mounted above the same parking space, or 18.3 square meters. Typical solar radiation is 1000 watts per square meter, and using high efficiency solar cells like the 20% efficient A300 units from Sunpower, 200 watts can be obtained per square meter. Without a tracking mechanism to continually point the cells toward the sun, the average power over 9 hours is 60% of the peak power, or 120 watts per square meter. All this adds up to around 20,000 watt-hours for a typical 9 hour work day. This is a significant amount of energy that can be collected from one parking space, although this also points out how much land we waste parking our cars, but thats a story for another day. The present day cost for solar cells is about $5 per peak watt, so the 3660 peak watt system described here would cost $18,300. Using a mortgage calculator we can calculate a loan for this system using a 20 year loan and 6% interest rate. This comes out to a cost of $131 per month. An efficient battery electric car, such as an EV1, consumes 170 watt-hours per mile. The 20,000 watt-hours collected by the solar panel would thus power this car for 118 miles per day. A typical month has 22 working days, during which the solar panel could power the car for about 2600 miles. Compare this to a very efficient gasoline powered car that got 40 miles per gallon, traveling 2600 miles and paying $2 per gallon for gas. The monthly gasoline payments would be $130, essentially the same as the solar powered case. Some of you may think that it would be better for the environment to connect the solar cells to the electric power grid to displace the use of coal. Per basic heating power, gasoline does generate less carbon dioxide than coal because much of the heat comes from the hydrogen in the gasoline molecules. However, coal generating plants are more efficient than internal combustion engines, so the carbon dioxide emissions are similar whether using gasoline in a car or coal in an electric power plant. Therefore solar cells can displace a similar amount of emissions in either case. But my objective is to promote more solar cells, and the way to do this is to sell them in a market where they are already competitive, which is the gasoline market. Furthermore, in many cases solar power does not displace coal, but displaces more expensive fuels like natural gas, even though natural gas is cleaner. Economic wise, it will always be difficult to displace coal
Re: [Biofuel] NaOH
Marc, When it looks white, it is dry, unless it has all turned to carbonte which is unlikely. Pure anhydrous NaOH is white in appearance and becomes more translucent as it absorbs water. Exposed to the air long enough it will liquify. Hope this helps, Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Marc Arends To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 2:52 AM Subject: [Biofuel] NaOH Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that canreach1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] WASHING
hello all, justa few questions about washing, i have bought an aquarium pump with two different settings on it Hi \ Lo and am wondering if hi is to many bubbles. i haven't read anything about to many bubbles and was wondering. i am washing 40 gallons of BioD i will use about 10 - 15 gallons of water. Also wondering about hard and soft water. we have soft water here in Vancouver BC and had read something about it making the soap foam up more. what can i do about this or has anyone experienced anything to do with soft water? thanks you all vince zadworny__Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] NaOH
Bill: I have not seen the stuff for a while, but I believe when NaOH is new and anhydrous it is opaque, you can almost see through it. As it absorbs water it turns white. It has been 20 years, so... Ray On Mon, 13 Jun 2005 19:03:45 -0400, Bill Clark [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Marc, When it looks white, it is dry, unless it has all turned to carbonte which is unlikely. Pure anhydrous NaOH is white in appearance and becomes more translucent as it absorbs water. Exposed to the air long enough it will liquify. Hope this helps, Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Marc Arends To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 2:52 AM Subject: [Biofuel] NaOH Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that can reach 1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Ray or Shiraz Ings [EMAIL PROTECTED] 1-613-253-1311 Using M2, Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/m2/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Salvaged ball valves
Hello Keith While perusing your site, I noticed you have implemented salvaged ball valves in your system. I have salvaged several and was wondering if you cleaned them in any particular manner? Thank you Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Bombshell As Six More British Documents Leaked
http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9125.htm Bombshell As Six More British Documents Leaked 06/13/05 - - Six new secret British documents have been leaked and are provided below. These were retyped from the originals to protect the source, RawStory.com has verified the authenticity . Iraq options paper: Full text The following, titled IRAQ OPTIONS PAPER, was prepared and dated March 8, 200. It presents possible courses to war. Continued http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9124.htm British foreign secretary Straw says case for Iraq is weak he following is purported to have been penned by the British Foreign Secretary Jack Straw--U.S. equivalent of Secretary of State--concerning a possible war in Iraq. Straw indicates the case for war is weak; that the Iraq situation has remained unchanged; and that the United States would not have gone to war without September 11. Continued. http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9126.htm Condi committed to regime change in early 2002 The following, is purported to be written by Blair foreign policy advisor David Manning, indicates that now-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was committed to regime change in early 2002. It also outlines some problems a postwar Iraq might face. Continued http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9127.htm Iraq: The British legal background The following was said prepared as an Iraq legal background for war. It is not dated. Continued http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9128.htm 'What has changed is not the pace of Saddam's WMD programs' 06/13/05 - - This memorandum, said from Blair political director Peter Ricketts and dated Mar. 22, 2002, indicates the challenges that an Iraq war would face. It indicates that it would have been carbon copied to then-Secretary of State Colin Powell and President George W. Bush. The truth is that what has changed is not the pace of Saddam Hussein's WMD programmes, the document says. Continued http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9129.htm 'The need to wrongfoot Saddam on the inspectors' The following is said from Christopher Meyer, British ambassador to the US from 1997 through February 2003, and dated in March of 2002. Strikingly, the document speaks of a need to wrongfoot Saddam on the inspectors and suggests British intelligence and diplomacy draws a great deal on articles written by Sy Hersh in the New Yorker. It also describes a meeting with then-Deputy Secretary of Defense, Paul Wolfowitz. Continued. http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9130.htm UK: Ministers were told of need for Gulf war 'excuse' Bush and Blair agreed on regime change in April 2002 and then looked for a way to justify it. Michael Smith 06/12/05 The Times - MINISTERS were warned in July 2002 that Britain was committed to taking part in an American-led invasion of Iraq and they had no choice but to find a way of making it legal. The briefing paper is certain to add to the pressure, particularly on the American president, because of the damaging revelation that Bush and Blair agreed on regime change in April 2002 and then looked for a way to justify it. http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9111.htm Leaked Cabinet Office paper: Conditions for military action PERSONAL SECRET UK EYES ONLY IRAQ: CONDITIONS FOR MILITARY ACTION (A Note by Officials) Agree to engage the US on the need to set military plans within a realistic political strategy, which includes identifying the succession to Saddam Hussein and creating the conditions necessary to justify government military action http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9112.htm ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Downing Street II
See also: Proof is in the memo: Times Herald-Record June 13, 2005 Soldiers died for a lie: All the world - except America - is buzzing about the fact that George Bush created the WMD threat to justify his war in Iraq. http://www.recordonline.com/archive/2005/06/13/bethcolj.htm Mr. President, Explain The Downing Street Memo : We, the citizens of the United States, join the 88 members of Congress who demand that the President and his administration address the disturbing revelations in the Downing Street Memo. We come together, as concerned Americans, irrespective of political affiliation, to seek the truth from our government. As citizens, we deserve no less. http://www.ipetitions.com/campaigns/dsm3/ Administration's Offenses Impeachable: So, what does it mean? By Robert Shetterly 06/02/05 Bangor Daily News It means that our president and all of his administration are war criminals. It's as simple as that. They lied to the American people, have killed and injured and traumatized thousands of American men and women doing their patriotic duty, killed at least 100,000 Iraqi civilians http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9035.htm - http://www.tompaine.com/articles/20050613/downing_street_ii.php Downing Street II Ray McGovern June 13, 2005 Ray McGovern is a co-founder of the Truth Telling Coalition and of Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity. He had a 27-year career as a CIA analyst, and now works for Tell the Word, the publishing arm of the ecumenical Church of the Saviour in Washington, DC. Yesterday, London's Sunday Times published the text of another SECRET UK EYES ONLY briefing document prepared for senior British officials. This one was dated July 21, 2002, two days before British intelligence chief Richard Dearlove gave Prime Minister Tony Blair and his top national security advisers a briefing based on discussions with American counterparts in Washington. The minutes recording the discussion at the July 23, 2002, meeting, published by the Rupert Murdoch's Sunday Times on May 1, 2005, included Dearlove's matter-of-fact report that President George W. Bush had decided to bring about regime change in Iraq by military action; that the attack would be justified by the conjunction of terrorism and WMD (weapons of mass destruction); and that the intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy. Creating Conditions At that meeting, Foreign Secretary Jack Straw noted that the evidence regarding weapons of mass destruction was thin. And British Attorney General Peter Goldsmith pointed out that the desire for regime change was not a legal base for military action. But Blair gave them the back of his hand, ordering them to work on the assumption that the U.K. would take part in any military action. It is a safe bet that the British seemed a bunch of nervous Nellies in the eyes of the hard-nosed neoconservatives running our policy toward Iraq. The briefing paper of July 21 shows senior British officials preoccupied with the question of how to fix it so the war would be legal. The paper makes it clear that U.S. military plans assumed, as a minimum, the use of British bases on the islands of Cyprus and Diego Garcia. Even this minimum gave rise to serious legal questions. Pervading the briefing paper is the British leaders' need to square a circle: how to render legal an illegal, unprovoked attack on Iraq-or in the words of the briefing paper, how to go about creating the conditions...in which we could legally support military action. The briefing paper of July 21, 2002, offers this clear picture of what the British see as the U.S. goal. U.S. military planning unambiguously takes as its objective the removal of Saddam Hussein's regime, followed by elimination of Iraqi WMD. But, alas, with the evidence of WMD thin, and an invasion to bring about regime change illegal, the British found themselves between Iraq and a hard place-Washington. The document reeks not only of obsequiousness toward the United States, but also wonderment at Washington's policies-particularly with respect to international law. U.S. views of international law vary from that of the U.K. and the international community. Regime change per se is not a proper basis for military action under international law...Legal bases for an invasion of Iraq are in principle conceivable...but would be difficult to establish because of, for example, the tests of immediacy and proportionality. In lay terms, that must mean that, absent any immediate threat, those who chose to invade and occupy Iraq anyway would flunk the test of proportionality. Grasping at straws, the document raises the possibility of demanding Iraqi acceptance of an unacceptably intrusive U.N. inspection regime: It is just possible that an ultimatum could be cast in terms which Saddam would reject (because he is unwilling to accept unfettered access)However, failing
Re: [Biofuel] WASHING
Hello Vince Bubble washing might not be the best method anyway. We still use it, but mostly we stir-wash - faster and better, and it doesn't oxidise your fuel. But you have to process it properly in the first place, with good completion. Well, you have to do that anyway, don't you? See: http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg37251.html Re: [biofuel] Questions Speed-up washing biodiesel Best wishes Keith hello all, justa few questions about washing, i have bought an aquarium pump with two different settings on it Hi \ Lo and am wondering if hi is to many bubbles. i haven't read anything about to many bubbles and was wondering. i am washing 40 gallons of BioD i will use about 10 - 15 gallons of water. Also wondering about hard and soft water. we have soft water here in Vancouver BC and had read something about it making the soap foam up more. what can i do about this or has anyone experienced anything to do with soft water? thanks you all vince zadworny ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] When it comes to Africa, Bush has more on his mind than aid
... there are only three letters that really matter to the US in Africa, they are O-I-L. http://www.sundayherald.com/50283 [Sunday Herald] When it comes to Africa, Bush has more on his mind than aid By Torcuil Crichton For the United States, the balance sheet of what comes out of Africa far outweighs what goes back in. Oil, raw materials and the expansion of the free market are the principal reasons the US engages in Africa, anything else is pretty much incidental. Chancellor Gordon Brown may have wrung significant support from the US for the debt relief deal he announced after yesterday's meeting of G8 ministers, but in the balance book of persuading the richest nation on Earth to help the poorest continent, the bottom line is not all that encouraging. America will have nothing to do with the commitment to providing 0.7% of GDP (gross domestic product) for aid which the European powers have signed up to. The US will have nothing to do with Gordon Brown's International Finance Facility (IFF) which would use the sale of gold reserves to speed up the rate of aid delivery. According to aid agencies, the Bush administration's agreement on debt cancellation simply makes more economic sense than the European proposals for debt relief which would see the impoverished African nations picking up the repayment baton again halfway through the next decade. In the same way as it blindly ignores the Kyoto targets on climate change, the US government is pursuing its own unilateral agenda on Africa and poverty reduction. This, however, does not necessarily support the conclusions about American intentions most of Europe has already come to before George Bush steps foot on Scottish soil for the G8 summit at Gleneagles next month. Bush has a reputation in Europe, for grudgingly accepting that Africa has to be dealt with, but in practice he has a fairly benevolent policy in terms of aid, says Martin Meredith, whose book, The State Of Africa, a study on the 50 years of post-colonial independence, was published this month. It's not as if Bush, who arrived in office as one of the least-travelled presidents, doesn't know where Africa is. He toured part of the continent in 2003, emphasising the tough-love approach to poverty reduction, insisting on the entrenchment of democracy and on cleaning up state corruption. Bill Clinton was the first US president to tour Africa while in office, and although he made large gestures about working with the continent, they amounted to very little in reality. Bush has actually delivered on promises - over the last three years the US aid to Africa has trebled. Within the US itself, there is a perception that the world's superpower does deliver a lot for Africa. Survey after survey shows that Americans do care, do think that something should be done for Africa, do think that the US government is putting its shoulder to the wheel. In sheer volume terms the world's largest economy is sending the largest amount of foreign aid to Africa, but as a proportion of national wealth only 0.16% of the US budget goes on aid, far short of the 0.7% of GDP that is the UN target. A ridiculously small amount of US aid, far less than 1% of its total aid budget, is spent in sub-Saharan Africa, the poorest place on Earth. A lot of the funds go to Pakistan, to Israel, to countries that assist in the US's strategic interests. In that respect, foreign aid is, as it always was, a tool of foreign policy. In stark contrast to Britain, which brought a wealth of diplomatic and technical know-how to post-colonial Africa, and France, which bought influence throughout the continent with generous financial support, for most of the 20th century the United States brought only guns. The US bears a historical responsibility for numerous regional and tribal conflicts that have destabilised countries such as Angola, Liberia, Congo and Somalia. Africa does not loom as large in the collective American conscience as it does for Europeans. For most of the last two centuries Africa was ruled by Britain and France, with Portugal and Belgium picking up the remnants of the map. Slavery and Liberia excepted, the US had little geo-political interest in Africa until the continent became a playground for cold war politics as the colonial control waned and the Soviet Union sought strategic advantage. When the US was involved in a proxy war against communism any leader who served as a bulwark against the spread of Soviet influence was deemed good enough for money and guns. When twinned with multinational demands to continue to exploit Africa's mineral wealth, the US cold war policy for the continent often led to bizarre contradictions such as having Cuban troops guarding Angolan oil installations operated by American companies against rebel insurgents armed by the US government. Dictators have received billions of dollars of military aid and there
Re: [Biofuel] Salvaged ball valves
Hello Marc Hello Keith While perusing your site, I noticed you have implemented salvaged ball valves in your system. I have salvaged several and was wondering if you cleaned them in any particular manner? IIRC I cleaned them with by-product. Wish I had more of them, the gate valves are a pain. But they work. Regards Keith Thank you Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] NaOH
Hi Ray, When I open a new bag of caustic ( I have used NaOH micro pearls and KOH flake) the caustic is as white as snow. It turns opaque when it begins absorbing water. Only after it has absorbed water and been left out does it turn white again due to carbonization. I work with these caustics 2 or 3 times per week. Bill Clark - Original Message - From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 7:08 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] NaOH Bill: I have not seen the stuff for a while, but I believe when NaOH is new and anhydrous it is opaque, you can almost see through it. As it absorbs water it turns white. It has been 20 years, so... Ray On Mon, 13 Jun 2005 19:03:45 -0400, Bill Clark [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Marc, When it looks white, it is dry, unless it has all turned to carbonte which is unlikely. Pure anhydrous NaOH is white in appearance and becomes more translucent as it absorbs water. Exposed to the air long enough it will liquify. Hope this helps, Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Marc Arends To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 2:52 AM Subject: [Biofuel] NaOH Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that can reach 1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Ray or Shiraz Ings [EMAIL PROTECTED] 1-613-253-1311 Using M2, Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/m2/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Animal Fat
Hi Chico There is quite a lot of information about. Just do it, it's no big deal. regards Keith Hi you all The investors team have defined we will start our industrial biodiesel production and fuel production using animal fat. I have gone thru several sources and found very litllte info and literature about production strating from animal fat. Can you folks help me on this?? Very best Chico Ramos ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] NaOH
Hi Bill Hi Ray, When I open a new bag of caustic ( I have used NaOH micro pearls and KOH flake) the caustic is as white as snow. It turns opaque when it begins absorbing water. Only after it has absorbed water and been left out does it turn white again due to carbonization. I work with these caustics 2 or 3 times per week. So do I, and I disagree. Fresh: opaque Moisture: translucent Carbonated: white Marc, if you're not sure, don't use it, is the best advice. However, since it's your first test batch, and I guess (hope) it'll only be a litre or so rather than 200 or so, and using virgin oil (fresh, new, uncooked), why not just go ahead and try it. New oil is quite forgiving, used oil progressively less so. If you have problems then replace the lye. As Jan advised, get some pure stuff from a lab supply company. Later, you can use this pure lye as a check against cheaper lye from a hardware store if you're not sure of the quality. Keep it well-sealed and away from moisture. It absorbs moisture from the atmosphere very fast, as soon as it's exposed. Replace the lid tightly as quickly as you can. We measure it out into plastic bags and close them and the container as soon as possible to keep moist air out. For overkill you could do the whole operation inside a big plastic bag, lye, scales, your arms and all. Best wishes Keith Bill Clark - Original Message - From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 7:08 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] NaOH Bill: I have not seen the stuff for a while, but I believe when NaOH is new and anhydrous it is opaque, you can almost see through it. As it absorbs water it turns white. It has been 20 years, so... Ray On Mon, 13 Jun 2005 19:03:45 -0400, Bill Clark [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Marc, When it looks white, it is dry, unless it has all turned to carbonte which is unlikely. Pure anhydrous NaOH is white in appearance and becomes more translucent as it absorbs water. Exposed to the air long enough it will liquify. Hope this helps, Bill Clark - Original Message - From: Marc Arends To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 2:52 AM Subject: [Biofuel] NaOH Hello all, I have a questions before i want to start with making my first test batch with the single stage method. I bought NaOH from a hardware store, but it looks white so it is not pure. Does somebody know how i can mesure the moisture content of this NaOH so i can compensate for all this water? (I can use an oven at my work that can reach 1000 degrees Celsius). Greetings, Marc ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
