Re: [biofuel] Re: Global Warming
Patrick Neuman [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: --- Pedro Victor Cuesta/LABEIN wrote: Look at this article: Water, Energy and Global Warming D'Aleo, M. and Edelglass, E. http://www.netfuture.org/ni/misc/pub/daleo/warm/warm.html#daleo Pedro Pedro, at your suggestion, I reviewed the article titled 'Water, Energy and Global Warming'. There are many false and misleading statements in the article, too numerous to address in a single reply. FALSE statements include: 1. 'The interior areas of the United States such as the Midwest Plains do not show warming, ...' 2. 'In sum, atmospheric warming -- the warming for which we currently have the clearest evidence -- is a local and regional phenomenon more than a global one, and it appears to be due more to human-caused energy production and water emissions than to carbon dioxide emissions.' I think the article should be removed from public viewing. Pat, manager of discussion group at: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Paleontology_and_Climate/ You think it should be removed from public viewing?Just what what I need,someone who thinks that I can't read two sides of an informed opnion and come to a logical concolusion.Lets throw a little censorship in here because we all know you could never make a mistake,given the verifiable facts you have in front of you.You should be ashamed of yourself!This is a discussion forum! Everyones ideas are welcome here.Take what you need and leave the rest.Tell them you disagree.But removing their ideas or opnions are not for you to call for! Paul Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] - Yahoo! Groups Links To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] Re: Global Problems, Local Solutions - Wendell Berry
x-charset ISO-8859-1Dear Keith, Thank you for the Wendell Berry posting. I was originally introduced to his writing through the penmanship of another author, Gene Logsdon. Gene speaks his truth, as does Wendell, with a grace that I only hope to achieve. When I read their works, I am always reminded that we are all related and that our one goal is to teach others so we might learn from them. It's that karma thing... Respectfully, Pat S Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ /x-charset
Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation
My question is about registering with the Federal gov't for legal distillation for fuel alcohol. If the individual goes through all the proper paper procedures and obtains the distillation permit, what can one expect from the gov't after this? The only paperwork that is required for an Application and Permit For Alcohol Fuel Producer (form 5110.74). At present this form is not on ATFs/TTB website for download. Just a phone call to the national center and they will put some in the mail to you. I have never heard of anyone having been turned down nor have I ever heard of anyone having a government official show up to verify the permit. There is not much to expect from the government after the permit process. You do need to file a report at the end of the year stating how much alcohol you have produced. I would guess that they bounce this information against what number that you file for tax credits. Are you only allowed to produce x amount of ethanol per year for personal use? A small producers permit allows 50,000 proof gallons a year. Personal or otherwise. Will the individual be expected to pay highway taxes on their own alcohol produced? There are no highway taxes on ethanol. Just tax credits. Does the gov't perform routine inspections on a person's personal still? I have never heard of a single inspection on a small producers permit. Also, what would make a good denaturant? Some acceptable denaturants are: gasoline, kerosene, deodorized kerosene, rubber hydrocarbon solvent, methyl isobutyl and mixed isomers of nitropropane. Final question to members-how does straight ethanol perform in fuel injected gasoline engines? Great ! You can go to GM, Dodge and Ford and buy it off the showroom floor. Thanks. Jonathan. Hope that this helps. Regards, Terry Wilhelm The Revenoor Co. INC Serving The World With Stills - Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
RE: [biofuel] biofuel from oil for a thesis
x-charset Windows-1252Your adviser don't happen to be Dr. Arco, isn't she? =-Original Message- =From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] =Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 12:37 AM =To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com =Subject: Re: [biofuel] biofuel from oil for a thesis = = =I am a fourth year student from the University of the =Philippines and for my =thesis my adviser suggested making biodiesel and analysis of its =characteristics. We thought of using the procedure from the Philippine =Coconut Authority but when my adviser saw the Foolproof Method =outlined in =Journey to Forever, she said it was a better method. The =experiment will be =supervised by my thesis advisers; one of them specializes in organic =synthesis. = =The Foolproof Method acid-base process is about the best method =available, but it's an advanced method, as I said. It says this right =at the top: = =NOTE: The two-stage biodiesel processes are advanced methods, not =for novices -- learn the basics thoroughly first. The single-stage =base method is the place to start. Start here. =http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_aleksnew.html =Foolproof biodiesel process: Journey to Forever = =Here being here: =Where do I start? =http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#start = =Have you or your thesis adviser who specializes in organic synthesis =made biodiesel before? = =Keith Addison =Journey to Forever = = =michelle manglicmot wrote: = =I will be trying to make biofuel from coconut oil through the method =suggested in journey to forever. = =Which one? There are several, not all for novices. = = it was stated there that product will be =allowed to stand for 3 weeks. is it possible to cut short this time? = =Yes, after finishing the wash, try heating the biodiesel to 45 deg =C, if it goes cloudy again do it a second time, but it shouldn't go =cloudy after the first time - it would mean you should improve your =processing. You'll accomplish the same end in little more time =without using more energy for heating by letting it stand in the =sunshine for a while. = =But which process are you intending to use? Please give the url. = =Please note what it says about the stoichometric ratio of methanol =to coconut oil here: =http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_meth.html =How much methanol? = =Keith Addison =Journey to Forever = = = = =Biofuel at Journey to Forever: =http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html = =Biofuels list archives: =http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel = =Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. =To unsubscribe, send an email to: =[EMAIL PROTECTED] =Yahoo! Groups Links = = = = = Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ /x-charset
Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation
x-charset ISO-8859-1standard ethanol production is a bit more costly and timely than most people think, as for the legal aspect of it there are a lot of records that must be kept and yes you are open for federal inspection ( TTB ) as well as state level alcohol inforcement, I have been in the alcohol buisness for over 5 years and the state and federal goverment have been very easy to work with. W Scott - Original Message - From: Greg and April [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 10:28 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation If I remember right, inspections of the property that the permit is for, anytime the BATF, wants to look around. Greg H. - Original Message - From: j_schearer To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 05:00 Subject: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation If the individual goes through all the proper paper procedures and obtains the distillation permit, what can one expect from the gov't after this? [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ /x-charset
Re: [biofuel] Breakthrough Purports Answer to Global Warming
This is a good question about what can be done with CO2 besides putting it back into the atmosphere. Lets say energy is no problem from solar, nuclear, can things like polymers etc be made out of this stuff? But what was important to me was to develop a sense of where we stand as far as the concept of artifially dealing with some of the CO2 surplus problem. __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online. http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Extractors and distillation of Jatropha
Dear Girish, We are working on biodiesel production from jatropha oil as a research project at IIT Delhi. We are in a process of stadardization of the process. We need a batch reactor of capacity 10 lit biodiesel vessel. Please if u can send deatailed quotatation alon with catalogues, its for research and the after standerdization in IIT we are planning tom dessiminate technology for commercialization Regards Rajesh S K CRDT IIT Delhi Equipment Engineers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Rajesh, We are working on Biodiesel from Pungam seeds oil, We are located in Chennai India. We are yet to standardise the process. Please let me know how efficient is Jatropha, in terms of raw oil price and the cost of inputs. Howmuch final product we get from Jatropha. Please note we can supply you the Reaction vessel and the associated system, if you are planning for one. Regards Girish - Original Message - From: rajesh sk To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, February 12, 2004 10:41 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Extractors and distillation of Jatropha i AM FROM iit DELHI PRESENTLY WORKING ON PROJECT ON Biodiesel PRODUCTION FROM jATROPHA. Jatropha is a treee born oil seed. The tree grows 4 to 5 meter and it grows in developing countries like india, Zambia, and other countries. Jatrpha plant also has madicinal value. If u need further details u can contact me [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sumit wrote: Hi All, Are there any members out there who know much about Jatropha and it's processing requirements. Thanks, Sumit Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Yahoo! India Education Special: Study in the UK now. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT -- Yahoo! Groups Links a.. To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ b.. To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] c.. Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method
x-charset ISO-8859-1Pieter, It always tickles me (that's a U.S. biodiesel joke) that so many non-wash advocates always declare without any problems. Well, of course there are never any problems until their are problems! People of sedentary lifestyle preparing to undergo their first quadruple bypass never had any problems until they had problems either. 105,000 miles is a nice chunk of mileage. But you are aware that a diesel should last 300 - 500,000 miles if well taken care of? Do you expect to get that far on unwashed fuel? Will you ever know how much farther you could have gone when problems occur had the fuel been washed? Do you really think that running residual soap, glycerin and caustic are going to help your engine performance and/or longevity? Certainly the presence of residual alcohol removes the safety factor of biodiesel's higher flash point. Oh well..., everyone has the right to make their own choices. As for acid/base and its benefits? Sounds as if you're using a rather consistant and un-abused oil. Not everyone is so lucky. But you could get a higher yield even with your oil if you went acid/base. The questions are whether the increased yield outweighs the labor, time and waste factor for you and whether or not you are of a mindset to go for expediency rather than maximum yields and environmental benefits. Some people gravitate to Hummers. Some people gravitate to Jettas. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: Pieter Koole [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 3:57 PM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method Hi all, Maybe a stupid question, and with all respect to Aleks, but I am making BD now for allmost two years, using the single base methode, without titration, just use 150 liter methanol and 4.5 kg NaOH per 1000 liter used vegatable oil. Let it sit for at least a week and very slowly drain(?) what is the right word ? it from the top through a fine filter. I have never whashed the BD. I have driven over 140.000 km now without any problems. What would be the main reason to change to the fool proof method ? I am very willing to learn, so I hope nobody reads this as if the fool proof method would not be better. I just do not know why it would be better. Met vriendelijke groeten, Pieter Koole Netherlands. The information contained in this message (including attachments) is confidential, and is intended for the addressee(s) only. If you have received this message in error please delete it and notify the originator immediately. The unauthorized use, disclosure, copying or alteration of this message is strictly forbidden. We will not be liable for direct, special, indirect or consequential damages arising from alteration of the contents of this message by a third party or in case of electronic communications as a result of any virus being passed on. - Original Message - From: Scott Alexander [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, February 12, 2004 11:44 PM Subject: [biofuel] Foolproof method I wanted to try Alek's foolproof method, but the couple of sites that I've found via the Internet for sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid make them seem quite expensive. Presumably that means that I'm looking in the wrong place. Where should I go to get these at reasonable prices? Thanks, Scott Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ /x-charset
Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method
Pieter, Acid can be had much cheaper in 5 - 55 gallon drums. I've got those prices sitting on a page somewhere in a two foot stack on the far corner of the desk. Give me eight hours of shuteye and I can probably uncover a fairly recent per pound price. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: Pieter Koole [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 4:01 PM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method Hi Todd, What prices are you mentioning ?? In Holland I pay 0,80 per liter acid, which can be sulfuric acid (98%) or posphoric acid (80%). I think you should try to find an industrie where they use a lot of this stuf and buy some from them. Met vriendelijke groeten, Pieter Koole Netherlands The information contained in this message (including attachments) is confidential, and is intended for the addressee(s) only. If you have received this message in error please delete it and notify the originator immediately. The unauthorized use, disclosure, copying or alteration of this message is strictly forbidden. We will not be liable for direct, special, indirect or consequential damages arising from alteration of the contents of this message by a third party or in case of electronic communications as a result of any virus being passed on. - Original Message - From: Appal Energy [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 5:32 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method Try a warehouse for commercial/municipal pool/water treatment. You should be able to get either for less than $20 a gallon, more like $12 for sulfuric and $18 for phosphoric. If all else fails, contact Aqua Science in Columbus, Ohio, 614-252-5000 and ask if they know of any industrial supply house(s) in the Philadelphia-Baltimore area. There have to be several. Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: Scott Alexander [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, February 12, 2004 5:44 PM Subject: [biofuel] Foolproof method I wanted to try Alek's foolproof method, but the couple of sites that I've found via the Internet for sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid make them seem quite expensive. Presumably that means that I'm looking in the wrong place. Where should I go to get these at reasonable prices? Thanks, Scott Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] to VIDHDYA
DEAR MADAM My self K.M. BAZEETH AHAMED, working as lecturer in Engg collge in vellore. i have started to work on biodisel recently. my plan is to compare the results of methyl and ethyl esters of used groundnut oil. i have prepared the methyl ester of fryed groundnut oil and ethyl ester under progress. i find difficulty in finding the properties of the esters(like calorific value, cetane number etc) kindly give me your sugestions. with regards K.M. BAZEETH AHAMED --- Equipment Engineers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I am from Chennai. Do you have any test results on Pungam oil. i will be grateful if you can send me, your test comparison on Pungam and jetropha based biodiesel production. Regards Girish - Original Message - From: pinky 22in To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 9:12 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Extractors and distillation of Jatropha hi i am vidhyaI from India.I have completed M.Sc in Environmental sciences In PSG college India, and completed my M.E environmental engineering in Griffith university Australia and MBA in Alagappa University India. now from KCT coimbatore working on biodiesel from jatropha also i have tested different oils but found jatropha is efficient.on what aspect you r working regards vidhya --- rajesh sk [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: - i AM FROM iit DELHI PRESENTLY WORKING ON PROJECT ON Biodiesel PRODUCTION FROM jATROPHA. Jatropha is a treee born oil seed. The tree grows 4 to 5 meter and it grows in developing countries like india, Zambia, and other countries. Jatrpha plant also has madicinal value. If u need further details u can contact me [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sumit [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, Are there any members out there who know much about Jatropha and it's processing requirements. Thanks, Sumit Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Yahoo! India Education Special: Study in the UK now. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ADVERTISEMENT - Yahoo! Groups Links To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. Yahoo! India Education Special: Study in the UK now. Go to http://in.specials.yahoo.com/index1.html Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Yahoo! Groups Links a.. To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ b.. To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] c.. Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service. [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online. http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email
Re: [biofuel] OT: Opinions On Faucet Water Filtration Systems?
x-charset ISO-8859-1Hello All, Katadyne is a Swiss co. and makes top quality products. NATO and others use their equipment to unsure safe water supplies in places that do not have any. I have no direct ownership or anyother bias less having used their small sized filter and stayed healthy. Paul -Original Message- From: murdoch [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com biofuel@yahoogroups.com Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Saturday, February 07, 2004 6:51 PM Subject: [biofuel] OT: Opinions On Faucet Water Filtration Systems? Has anyone out there developed any opinions on these things? An example of some web research might be here: http://www.waterfiltercomparisons.com/water_filter_comparison_matrix.cfm I find that the human behaviour element enters into it for me: I like having a faucet-mounted filter for some reason, even if I sacrifice a little quality. I note that Clorox owns Brita. http://www.clorox.com/company/news/pr110200.html This has been on my mind for awhile. When Brita filters showed up in stores, I thought what a great product. When I researched it I found that Clorox owned it, and this made sense to me, in the same sense that Phillip Morris owned Kraft Cheese (at one time) or RJR owned Nabsico (cookies and such) the company with damaging-to-humans product diversifying into something super-wholesome-seeming. I can't recall who owns Pur the other one you commonly see on major store shelves. Let's see It seems to be a Swiss company that purchased them in 2001 ... http://www.katadyn.ch/site/ch_en/about_us/ Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail! http://us.click.yahoo.com/_iAw9B/xdlHAA/3jkFAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ /x-charset
Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method
x-charset ISO-8859-1Dag Pieter Maar... Hi all, Maybe a stupid question, and with all respect to Aleks, but I am making BD now for allmost two years, using the single base methode, without titration, just use 150 liter methanol and 4.5 kg NaOH per 1000 liter used vegatable oil. Let it sit for at least a week and very slowly drain(?) what is the right word ? it from the top through a fine filter. I have never whashed the BD. I have driven over 140.000 km now without any problems. What would be the main reason to change to the fool proof method ? I am very willing to learn, so I hope nobody reads this as if the fool proof method would not be better. I just do not know why it would be better. But you HAVE had your problems, haven't you? If not with your Citroen, yet. You couldn't manage to separate the glycerine and FFA in your by-product, despite a lot of help and advice here, and that's dead easy - as I said at the time, it indicated something else was wrong. Then you described your process (using less lye than now - only the basic amount for virgin oil, though you use WVO): I use 3.5 grams of lye and 150 ml methanol in the process and do not titrate. The mixing takes two or three hours, just to make sure that the whole reaction has taken place. Temperature is 15C or a bit more. The oil I use is WVO ( soya ), which has been used for one or two days to bake fish in. After processing, I let it stand for a week or more. I don't wash the BD ( not that I recommend this way of working, but in my case it works OK ). The pH of the BD is just over 7. Plus that you don't separate the by-product, just leave it there and draw biodiesel off the top, and that you measure pH with litmus paper, not the best way. I commented: Not enough lye for WVO and 25ml excess methanol (12.5% stoich for soy) is unlikely to be enough, especially at such low temps for only three hours. I suggested you do a wash test: Have you ever tried washing your biodiesel? I'd be interested to know what happens. Will you try this? Put 150 ml of your biodiesel in a half-litre glass jar, add 150 ml of water (preferably distilled water if you have it, or just tap water if not), screw the lid on tight, and shake it up and down violently for 10 seconds or more. Tell us what happens next. This is what happened next - you wrote: Surprised about what happened : 3 layers. The top layer must be BD ( same color as it always is ), and than a rather thick layer of white flaky stuf, and a layer of troubled water. pH of the BD layer is still just over 7 (measured with litmus paper ). I wasn't surprised - well, a little surprised that it separated at all, and I'd guess it only did that because you let it settle for so long. ... you now have a visible measure of the extent to which the whole reaction has taken place, or perhaps hasn't. That white layer should be at most very thin, hardly more than a slick. I suggested various things you could try next to improve your process/product, but didn't try to push you into titration and using the right amounts of lye and methanol, heating, and washing: Other people using different oils and in different circumstances might not get it to work so well, but that's not your problem, and you didn't recommend it. But you didn't respond, and now it seems you are recommending it. And questioning why anyone would prefer to use the Foolproof acid-base process. The acid-base process is probably the best method available because it gives consistently high-quality results, even with poor-quality oils, with lower amounts of inputs and producing less by-products. But from the above I can only assume that you aren't very interested in the best quality but only in poor-quality fuel, poorly made, as long as it doesn't seem to damage your engine. Yet. You didn't succeed when you tried the Foolproof method. It's not for novices, we and others always recommend starting at the beginning and learning the basics first, but, rather tellingly, you don't know many of the basics, so I'm not surprised you failed. But please don't try to put opther people off. Best Keith Met vriendelijke groeten, Pieter Koole Netherlands. - Original Message - From: Scott Alexander [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Thursday, February 12, 2004 11:44 PM Subject: [biofuel] Foolproof method I wanted to try Alek's foolproof method, but the couple of sites that I've found via the Internet for sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid make them seem quite expensive. Presumably that means that I'm looking in the wrong place. Where should I go to get these at reasonable prices? Thanks, Scott Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Send the freshest Valentine's flowers with a FREE vase from only $29.99! Shipped direct from the grower with a 7 day freshness guarantee and prices so low you save 30-55% off retail!
Re: [biofuel] My second batch - questions
Hi Scott On Fri, 2004-02-13 at 11:53, Keith Addison wrote: Hello Scott I made a small batch of biodiesel using Alek's 2 stage process that seemed to work pretty well. So now, I've tried to make a 3 gallon batch. I'm using (unused) Canola oil. All told, I got about 2 quarts of glycerine out of both stages. I used 6g of lye per liter of oil. Is this the first time you've made biodiesel? Why did you use 6g of lye per liter of oil? I made a small batch before using 6.25 g/l. Since I got some soap formation and since the note about cutting back to 6 g/l appears on the page now as a note at the bottom, I thought I'd give that a try. Okay, I get it - you said Alek's 2 stage process, but Aleks has two 2-stage processes and I thought you meant the acid-base one, not the base-base one. The note about 6g/l didn't just appear on the page now, by the way, it's been there for nearly four years. Anyway, so you started with the base-base two-stage process, and you also say you want to try the acid-base Foolproof two-stage process. What it says first thing on the top of both methods is this: The two-stage processes are advanced methods, not for novices -- learn the basics thoroughly first. The single-stage base method is the place to start. Start here. Here being here: Where do I start? http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#start I recommend that you go back to the beginning instead of trying to start in the middle. What should I have done? Is there a good way to rescue what I have? You can try, but I don't think you know enough for trouble-shooting. Several people have been helped through the base-base method here, you can try checking the archives. Best Keith Thanks, Scott Keith I had a few unexpected results. First, after the second stage had settled, I had a layer on top of the FAME. It was quite thin, but solid enough that when I picked it up with a ladle, the part over the edge of the ladle came up also. Is that wax, soap or something else? I also did the shake test (although as I looked at the directions again later, I realized I had shaken for a few seconds rather than 10) . The result separated quickly, but the top layer is a cloudy light yellow rather than the clear yellow that I had expected. Finally, I'm bubble washing now. From the very start, I've been getting a large amount of foam. Does this indicate soap. (I discovered that my pH meter had gone dry and died since my small batch, so I added no vinegar to the wash water.) Thanks, Scott Alexander Warren, NJ Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] biofuel from oil for a thesis
michelle manglicmot wrote: To the best of my knowledge this is the first time we are trying to make biodiesel. But my advser specializes in organic synthesis. Yes, so you said. Nonetheless, I suggest you start at the beginning rather then with an advanced method: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#start Best Keith I am a fourth year student from the University of the Philippines and for my thesis my adviser suggested making biodiesel and analysis of its characteristics. We thought of using the procedure from the Philippine Coconut Authority but when my adviser saw the Foolproof Method outlined in Journey to Forever, she said it was a better method. The experiment will be supervised by my thesis advisers; one of them specializes in organic synthesis. The Foolproof Method acid-base process is about the best method available, but it's an advanced method, as I said. It says this right at the top: NOTE: The two-stage biodiesel processes are advanced methods, not for novices -- learn the basics thoroughly first. The single-stage base method is the place to start. Start here. http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_aleksnew.html Foolproof biodiesel process: Journey to Forever Here being here: Where do I start? http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#start Have you or your thesis adviser who specializes in organic synthesis made biodiesel before? Keith Addison Journey to Forever michelle manglicmot wrote: I will be trying to make biofuel from coconut oil through the method suggested in journey to forever. Which one? There are several, not all for novices. it was stated there that product will be allowed to stand for 3 weeks. is it possible to cut short this time? Yes, after finishing the wash, try heating the biodiesel to 45 deg C, if it goes cloudy again do it a second time, but it shouldn't go cloudy after the first time - it would mean you should improve your processing. You'll accomplish the same end in little more time without using more energy for heating by letting it stand in the sunshine for a while. But which process are you intending to use? Please give the url. Please note what it says about the stoichometric ratio of methanol to coconut oil here: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_meth.html How much methanol? Keith Addison Journey to Forever Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[biofuel] No Waste Economy: Gunter Pauli
http://resurgence.gn.apc.org/articles/pauli.htm Resurgence Magazine No Waste Economy Gunter Pauli Don't expect the Earth to produce more. Expect humans to do more with what the Earth produces. This is the second Green revolution. AT THIS MOMENT in time the world of industry is not responding to the basic needs of our society. Some people may say, oh, yes, we just need to have population control and everything will be all right. Other people say, we just have to become more productive. Whatever options they may favour, everyone agrees that with 5.5 billion people in the world, with 1 billion people looking for jobs, with 800 million living in absolute poverty, the present system is not right. Within industry, there is a lot of fascination with the first Green revolution. Through the mechanisms of irrigation, of massive water use, through seed selection, through fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides, we were able to achieve seven times more output of rice per acre than we had forty years ago. This is not a bad result! Yet it's not sustainable. It is not possible to continue with such use of water. We're depleting the aquifers. Scientists around the world agree that we're never going to succeed in doubling or tripling the output of grain, let alone increasing it five-fold. At the present stage, with all the fascination with the manipulation of genes, all the biotechnology scientists say that we may be able to improve output by a factor of 20% to 50%. No one today dares to advance the figure that we could have another five-fold increase of output. We know that we had a dramatic increase of industrial and agricultural output, but with 94 million people being added to the planet every year, we can't keep up. THERE IS A FIGURE that is much more important than the 94 million people who are added to the world every year. In Asia we now have 400 million people who are going to join the middle class by the year 2000. Middle class means simply that 400 million people will be drinking a pint of beer a day. They will read a newspaper. Just by having 400 million new people with the purchasing power to buy a beer a day will force the Green revolution into bankruptcy. Not the 94 million new people, because they don't have enough purchasing power. But the 400 million new middle-class consumers entering the market will have purchasing power comparable to the United States and Canada. This is really where the pressure will be. Today, we already have 400 million middle class consumers, so this will effectively be doubled, having a much more dramatic impact than the 94 million new people every year. Therefore, we need a second Green revolution. But this does not require the Earth to produce more. It requires humans to do more with whatever it produces. For example, there is a plant in Mexico called the sisal plant. It looks like a cactus. The sisal plant is the number one crop in Tanzania. It's a main crop in Mexico, in Colombia and in Brazil. The sisal plant is used for its fibre, mostly to make ropes. Ships still have sisal rope. No synthetic rope has the strength of a sisal rope. But the sisal fibre is only 2% of the plant. 98% is waste. This means that Tanzania has 11.8 million tons of biomass waste a year dumped into the river. As long as you think in linear ways, you can't do anything with that waste. My colleagues and I have been studying what else you can do with sisal fibres. We learned that you can ferment citric acid and lactic acid out of the bole of the sisal plant. I looked at the market and saw that citric acid is $3,000 a ton. This is a very valuable product. Sisal fibre will get you only about $200 a ton. Citric acid is a main product in the food industry. It's an excellent component, a natural one, as is lactic acid. So, when you can get 10% out of the weight of the sisal plant converted into citric acid, I'm telling Tanzanians that they can become the world's leading producer of citric acid. I ask them, why do you struggle and try to get subsidies from the Commission of the European Union to subsidize your fibre production, when you should be producing citric acid? Of course, the European Union is not interested, because Austria is the largest producer of citric acid in Europe, and Pfizer, an American company, is the second largest producer. They have no interest in seeing Tanzania being able to put citric acid on the market. But the reality today is that we have a linear production system for sisal plants, which makes the industry uncompetitive. If we were able to apply systems thinking to sisal plants and extract all the great things the plant is making, including the wax (it has an excellent wax), then we could make this into a very sustainable industry. There is also more to the sisal fibre. We use only the long fibres; the shorter fibres are not used. Now, who can use the short fibres? Which enzymes can use lignin cellulose?
[biofuel] Redesigning Corporate Law - Robert Hinkley
x-charset ISO-8859-1http://resurgence.gn.apc.org/issues/hinkley213.htm Business Redesigning Corporate Law Robert Hinkley from Resurgence issue 213 July / August 2002 AFTER TWENTY-THREE years advising large corporations on securities offerings, mergers and acquisitions, I left my position because I was disturbed by the game. I realized that the many social ills created by corporations stem directly from corporate law. It dawned on me that the law, in its current form, actually inhibits executives and corporations from being socially responsible. So in June 2000 I decided to devote the next phase of my life to making people aware of this problem. My goal is to build consensus to change the law so that it encourages good corporate citizenship rather than inhibiting it. The provision in the law I am talking about is the one that says that the purpose of the corporation is simply to make money for shareholders. Distilled to its essence, it says that the people who run corporations have a legal duty to shareholders, and that duty is to make money. Failing this duty can leave directors and officers open to being sued by shareholders. This explains why corporations find social issues such as human rights irrelevant - because they fall outside the corporation's legal mandate. Secondly, these provisions explain why executives behave differently than they might as individual citizens, because the law says their only obligation in business is to make money. This design has the unfortunate side effect of largely eliminating personal responsibility. Directors and officers know that their jobs, salaries, bonuses and stock options depend on delivering profits for shareholders. Companies believe that their duty to the public interest consists in complying with the law. Obeying the law is simply a cost. Since it interferes with making money, it must be minimized - using devices like lobbying, legal hair-splitting and jurisdiction shopping. Directors and officers give little thought to the fact that these activities may damage the public interest. Lower-level employees know that their livelihoods depend upon satisfying superiors' demands to make money. They have no incentive to offer ideas that would advance the public interest unless they increase profits. Projects that would serve the public interest - but at a financial cost to the corporation - are considered naive. Corporate law thus casts ethical and social concerns as irrelevant, or as stumbling blocks to the corporation's fundamental mandate. That's the effect the law has inside the corporation. Outside the corporation the effect is more devastating. It is the law that leads corporations to actively disregard harm to all interests other than those of shareholders. When toxic chemicals are spilled, forests destroyed, employees left in poverty, or communities devastated through plant shutdowns, corporations view these as unimportant side effects outside their area of concern. But when the company's stock price dips, that's a disaster. The reason is that, in our legal framework, a low stock price leaves a company vulnerable to takeover or means the ceo's job could be at risk. In the end, the natural result is that the corporate bottom line goes up, and the state of the public good goes down. This is called privatizing the gain and externalizing the cost. This system design helps explain why the war against corporate abuse is being lost, despite decades of effort by thousands of organizations. Until now, tactics used to confront corporations have focussed on where and how much companies should be allowed to damage the public interest, rather than eliminating the reason they do it. When public interest groups protest a new power plant, mercury poisoning, or a new big store, the groups don't examine the corporations' motives. They only seek to limit where damage is created (not in our back yard) and how much damage is created (a little less please). But the where-and-how-much approach is reactive, not proactive. Even when corporations are defeated in particular battles, they go on the next day, in other ways and other places, to pursue their own private interests at the expense of the public. I believe that the battle against corporate abuse should be conducted in a more holistic way. We must enquire why corporations behave as they do, and look for a way to change these underlying motives. Once we have arrived at a viable systemic solution, we should then dictate the terms of engagement to corporations, not continue letting them dictate terms to us. We must remember that corporations were invented to serve humankind. Humankind was not invented to serve corporations. Many activists cast the fundamental issue as one of 'corporate greed', but that's off the mark. Corporations are incapable of a human emotion like greed. They are artificial beings created by law. The real question is why
Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation
Hi, I was just wondering how much ethanol I could hope to product in one year with a small still. I am hoping to get started this spring and I would like to be able to product about 450 gallons of ethanol over the summer. Using news paper as a feed stock, would this be a realistic goal? Also, I have been looking around the web for more information about making ethanol. I found a site for making hooch, but I think that fuel ethanol is the same thing. From what I have read on that site you can make ethanol from pure sugar in as little as 5 days, but need special yeast (or yeast with other stuff added to feed the yeast). Would this be a good choice for making fuel ethanol? Thanks, Al On Fri, 13 Feb 2004, W Scott Pyatt wrote: Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:03:04 -0500 From: W Scott Pyatt [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Subject: Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation standard ethanol production is a bit more costly and timely than most people think, as for the legal aspect of it there are a lot of records that must be kept and yes you are open for federal inspection ( TTB ) as well as state level alcohol inforcement, I have been in the alcohol buisness for over 5 years and the state and federal goverment have been very easy to work with. W Scott - Original Message - From: Greg and April [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 10:28 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation If I remember right, inspections of the property that the permit is for, anytime the BATF, wants to look around. Greg H. - Original Message - From: j_schearer To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 05:00 Subject: [biofuel] Ethanol distillation If the individual goes through all the proper paper procedures and obtains the distillation permit, what can one expect from the gov't after this? Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Buy Ink Cartridges or Refill Kits for your HP, Epson, Canon or Lexmark Printer at MyInks.com. Free s/h on orders $50 or more to the US Canada. http://www.c1tracking.com/l.asp?cid=5511 http://us.click.yahoo.com/mOAaAA/3exGAA/qnsNAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method
x-charset ISO-8859-1I am very sorry if I suggested to put other people off the methods you recommend. Perhaps it is allso caused by not using the right terms ( I am not from an English speaking country ). Again, very sorry and as said in another mail, I will try it again and do it exactly as you advise. Keep you informed. Met vriendelijke groeten, Pieter Koole Netherlands. The information contained in this message (including attachments) is confidential, and is intended for the addressee(s) only. If you have received this message in error please delete it and notify the originator immediately. The unauthorized use, disclosure, copying or alteration of this message is strictly forbidden. We will not be liable for direct, special, indirect or consequential damages arising from alteration of the contents of this message by a third party or in case of electronic communications as a result of any virus being passed on. - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Saturday, February 14, 2004 8:26 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method Dag Pieter Maar... Hi all, Maybe a stupid question, and with all respect to Aleks, but I am making BD now for allmost two years, using the single base methode, without titration, just use 150 liter methanol and 4.5 kg NaOH per 1000 liter used vegatable oil. Let it sit for at least a week and very slowly drain(?) what is the right word ? it from the top through a fine filter. I have never whashed the BD. I have driven over 140.000 km now without any problems. What would be the main reason to change to the fool proof method ? I am very willing to learn, so I hope nobody reads this as if the fool proof method would not be better. I just do not know why it would be better. But you HAVE had your problems, haven't you? If not with your Citroen, yet. You couldn't manage to separate the glycerine and FFA in your by-product, despite a lot of help and advice here, and that's dead easy - as I said at the time, it indicated something else was wrong. Then you described your process (using less lye than now - only the basic amount for virgin oil, though you use WVO): I use 3.5 grams of lye and 150 ml methanol in the process and do not titrate. The mixing takes two or three hours, just to make sure that the whole reaction has taken place. Temperature is 15C or a bit more. The oil I use is WVO ( soya ), which has been used for one or two days to bake fish in. After processing, I let it stand for a week or more. I don't wash the BD ( not that I recommend this way of working, but in my case it works OK ). The pH of the BD is just over 7. Plus that you don't separate the by-product, just leave it there and draw biodiesel off the top, and that you measure pH with litmus paper, not the best way. I commented: Not enough lye for WVO and 25ml excess methanol (12.5% stoich for soy) is unlikely to be enough, especially at such low temps for only three hours. I suggested you do a wash test: Have you ever tried washing your biodiesel? I'd be interested to know what happens. Will you try this? Put 150 ml of your biodiesel in a half-litre glass jar, add 150 ml of water (preferably distilled water if you have it, or just tap water if not), screw the lid on tight, and shake it up and down violently for 10 seconds or more. Tell us what happens next. This is what happened next - you wrote: Surprised about what happened : 3 layers. The top layer must be BD ( same color as it always is ), and than a rather thick layer of white flaky stuf, and a layer of troubled water. pH of the BD layer is still just over 7 (measured with litmus paper ). I wasn't surprised - well, a little surprised that it separated at all, and I'd guess it only did that because you let it settle for so long. ... you now have a visible measure of the extent to which the whole reaction has taken place, or perhaps hasn't. That white layer should be at most very thin, hardly more than a slick. I suggested various things you could try next to improve your process/product, but didn't try to push you into titration and using the right amounts of lye and methanol, heating, and washing: Other people using different oils and in different circumstances might not get it to work so well, but that's not your problem, and you didn't recommend it. But you didn't respond, and now it seems you are recommending it. And questioning why anyone would prefer to use the Foolproof acid-base process. The acid-base process is probably the best method available because it gives consistently high-quality results, even with poor-quality oils, with lower amounts of inputs and producing less by-products. But from the above I can only assume that you aren't very interested in the best quality but only in poor-quality fuel, poorly made, as long as it doesn't seem to damage your engine. Yet. You didn't succeed when you
[biofuel] looking for pyrolyzer design
I'm looking for a design of a pyrolyzer because we wanted to fabricate one. Please reply, if any of you could help...thanks! - Yahoo! Messenger - Communicate instantly...Ping your friends today! Download Messenger Now [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Buy Ink Cartridges or Refill Kits for your HP, Epson, Canon or Lexmark Printer at MyInks.com. Free s/h on orders $50 or more to the US Canada. http://www.c1tracking.com/l.asp?cid=5511 http://us.click.yahoo.com/mOAaAA/3exGAA/qnsNAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method
x-charset ISO-8859-1Pieter, Yours' was a reasonable question. I don't think it put anyone off. Why would anyone want to use a process that requires an extra stage? That is presuming that the presently used process is yielding similar results. That is the 64,000 dollar question. Six to twenty percent higher yield is a pretty good reason. Less failed reactions, less chemical inputs, less need to salvage batches. Less worry as to whether or not a batch is complete. All are pretty good reasons as well. Nothing is more disappointing (especially after having become familiar with acid/base) to see one-third of your reactor filled with glycerin cocktail after conducting a straight base reaction and then putting those contents side by side with an acid/base reaction with the same oil and comparing the amount of glycerin cocktail between the two. It's not that there's more glycerin volume between the two, but soap - which would be okay if soap is what you're after. I would encourage anyone using WVO as a feedstock to work towards acid/base and the other processes after the reaction, such as alcohol recovery, FFA recovery (glycerol recovery) and waste water treatment. All of these combined make for a complete process. Unfortunately, probably 90% of the home biodieselers stop with the reaction and pay no heed either to increasing their yields or dealing with their co-products (waste products). Todd Swearingen - Original Message - From: Pieter Koole [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Saturday, February 14, 2004 7:24 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method I am very sorry if I suggested to put other people off the methods you recommend. Perhaps it is allso caused by not using the right terms ( I am not from an English speaking country ). Again, very sorry and as said in another mail, I will try it again and do it exactly as you advise. Keep you informed. Met vriendelijke groeten, Pieter Koole Netherlands. The information contained in this message (including attachments) is confidential, and is intended for the addressee(s) only. If you have received this message in error please delete it and notify the originator immediately. The unauthorized use, disclosure, copying or alteration of this message is strictly forbidden. We will not be liable for direct, special, indirect or consequential damages arising from alteration of the contents of this message by a third party or in case of electronic communications as a result of any virus being passed on. - Original Message - From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com Sent: Saturday, February 14, 2004 8:26 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] Foolproof method Dag Pieter Maar... Hi all, Maybe a stupid question, and with all respect to Aleks, but I am making BD now for allmost two years, using the single base methode, without titration, just use 150 liter methanol and 4.5 kg NaOH per 1000 liter used vegatable oil. Let it sit for at least a week and very slowly drain(?) what is the right word ? it from the top through a fine filter. I have never whashed the BD. I have driven over 140.000 km now without any problems. What would be the main reason to change to the fool proof method ? I am very willing to learn, so I hope nobody reads this as if the fool proof method would not be better. I just do not know why it would be better. But you HAVE had your problems, haven't you? If not with your Citroen, yet. You couldn't manage to separate the glycerine and FFA in your by-product, despite a lot of help and advice here, and that's dead easy - as I said at the time, it indicated something else was wrong. Then you described your process (using less lye than now - only the basic amount for virgin oil, though you use WVO): I use 3.5 grams of lye and 150 ml methanol in the process and do not titrate. The mixing takes two or three hours, just to make sure that the whole reaction has taken place. Temperature is 15C or a bit more. The oil I use is WVO ( soya ), which has been used for one or two days to bake fish in. After processing, I let it stand for a week or more. I don't wash the BD ( not that I recommend this way of working, but in my case it works OK ). The pH of the BD is just over 7. Plus that you don't separate the by-product, just leave it there and draw biodiesel off the top, and that you measure pH with litmus paper, not the best way. I commented: Not enough lye for WVO and 25ml excess methanol (12.5% stoich for soy) is unlikely to be enough, especially at such low temps for only three hours. I suggested you do a wash test: Have you ever tried washing your biodiesel? I'd be interested to know what happens. Will you try this? Put 150 ml of your biodiesel in a half-litre glass jar, add 150 ml of water (preferably distilled water if you have it, or just tap water if not), screw the lid on
Re: [biofuel] No Waste Economy: Gunter Pauli
Keith, thank you for posting the Gunter Pauli article, No Waste Economy. Very much in alignment with my econogics philosophy. Amusing to see the phrase lust-in-time, which I expect is a misprint for just-in- time. Perhaps a bit ironic for a posting on St. Valentine's Day, at least here in the commercialized west. Or a commentary on the lust for profits. But most likely just a scanning issue, converting the [j] to ['l] as it was consistent in three cases, and in each case the phrase is shown starting with a single quote and ending with a double quote. Today's project is to finish up some new fluorescent lighting for our recently- acquired quilting machine, to provide my wife with a home-based income source. My first project on the machine will be to make a window quilt from leftover fabrics from other projects. A modern version of a traditional re-use technique (patchwork quilting) and use (fabrics for insulation and draft control and decoration, e.g tapestries). Darryl McMahon To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date sent: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 16:26:43 +0900 Subject:[biofuel] No Waste Economy: Gunter Pauli Send reply to: biofuel@yahoogroups.com http://resurgence.gn.apc.org/articles/pauli.htm Resurgence Magazine No Waste Economy Gunter Pauli Don't expect the Earth to produce more. Expect humans to do more with what the Earth produces. This is the second Green revolution. AT THIS MOMENT in time the world of industry is not responding to the basic needs of our society. Some people may say, oh, yes, we just need to have population control and everything will be all right. Other people say, we just have to become more productive. Whatever options they may favour, everyone agrees that with 5.5 billion people in the world, with 1 billion people looking for jobs, with 800 million living in absolute poverty, the present system is not right. Within industry, there is a lot of fascination with the first Green revolution. Through the mechanisms of irrigation, of massive water use, through seed selection, through fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides, we were able to achieve seven times more output of rice per acre than we had forty years ago. This is not a bad result! Yet it's not sustainable. It is not possible to continue with such use of water. We're depleting the aquifers. Scientists around the world agree that we're never going to succeed in doubling or tripling the output of grain, let alone increasing it five-fold. At the present stage, with all the fascination with the manipulation of genes, all the biotechnology scientists say that we may be able to improve output by a factor of 20% to 50%. No one today dares to advance the figure that we could have another five-fold increase of output. We know that we had a dramatic increase of industrial and agricultural output, but with 94 million people being added to the planet every year, we can't keep up. THERE IS A FIGURE that is much more important than the 94 million people who are added to the world every year. In Asia we now have 400 million people who are going to join the middle class by the year 2000. Middle class means simply that 400 million people will be drinking a pint of beer a day. They will read a newspaper. Just by having 400 million new people with the purchasing power to buy a beer a day will force the Green revolution into bankruptcy. Not the 94 million new people, because they don't have enough purchasing power. But the 400 million new middle-class consumers entering the market will have purchasing power comparable to the United States and Canada. This is really where the pressure will be. Today, we already have 400 million middle class consumers, so this will effectively be doubled, having a much more dramatic impact than the 94 million new people every year. Therefore, we need a second Green revolution. But this does not require the Earth to produce more. It requires humans to do more with whatever it produces. For example, there is a plant in Mexico called the sisal plant. It looks like a cactus. The sisal plant is the number one crop in Tanzania. It's a main crop in Mexico, in Colombia and in Brazil. The sisal plant is used for its fibre, mostly to make ropes. Ships still have sisal rope. No synthetic rope has the strength of a sisal rope. But the sisal fibre is only 2% of the plant. 98% is waste. This means that Tanzania has 11.8 million tons of biomass waste a year dumped into the river. As long as you think in linear ways, you can't do anything with that waste. My colleagues and I have been studying what else you can do with sisal fibres. We learned that you can ferment citric acid and lactic acid out of the bole of the sisal plant. I looked at the market and saw that citric acid is
[biofuel] Ranking shows greenest, meanest cars
x-charset ISO-8859-1http://msnbc.msn.com/id/4229825/ Ranking shows greenest, meanest cars Honda, Toyota cars score best, VW Touareg diesel worst Kim D. Johnson / AP Feb. 10, 2004 Honda's two-seater Insight scored highest among 2004 gas-electric hybrids and gasoline vehicles in the annual ranking by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. An annual ranking of the greenest and meanest cars sold in the United States found that no American vehicles got the best grades -- those all went to Japanese carmakers. The worst score, meanwhile, went to a newcomer on the list: the diesel version of VW's Touareg SUV. Released Tuesday, the report by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy ranked 2004 model cars on emissions and fuel economy. An overall green score also factored in the health impacts of pollutants as well as the level of so-called greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that many scientists fear are fueling global warming. Topping the greenest list was the Honda Civic GX sedan, which runs on compressed natural gas -- not a choice that's practical for most buyers but one that's much cleaner than gasoline. The rest of the list, however, is consumer friendly: The gas-electric hybrids by Honda and Toyota take the next top spots, followed by versions of these gasoline models: Toyota Echo, Nissan Sentra, Honda Civic HX, Mazda 3, Toyota Corolla, Hyundai Elantra, Scion xA and Honda Civic. Detroit short on fuel economy The energy watchdog criticized American automakers for failing to make the greenest list. The absence of the Big Three ... is disappointing, Therese Langer, ACEEE's transportation program director, said in a statement that accompanied the list. But the fact is that the greenest vehicles today excel in both fuel economy and tailpipe emissions, and Detroit has yet to do that. Detroit has kept up with Japan in reducing tailpipe emissions, ACEEE said, but Japanese carmakers are still taking the lead on fuel economy. American, Japanese and European carmakers did have more in common when it came to the meanest vehicles listed. DaimlerChrysler, Ford and GM joined Toyota as well as Lamborghini, Land Rover and Volkswagen on that list. Volkswagen / AP The Volkswagen Touareg VW's diesel version of its Touareg SUV topped the meanest list with a lowly 9 green score because of its poor mileage and diesel engine. Many modern diesel engines do get up to 40 percent better mileage than their gasoline peers, ACEEE noted, but they can also emit much more nitrogen oxide -- a pollutant that combines with heat to form smog. Sales pitch for buying green ACEEE's list is part of an online consumer guide that also ranks vehicles by class. Among larger vehicles, the Dodge Caravan minivan, Toyota Tundra pickup, and Nissan Murano SUV scored well. Passenger cars like Chevrolet's Impala and Ford's Focus Wagon also scored well in their respective classes. But ACEEE also noted that a vehicle's environmental impact varied as much as four-fold within a given class, and five-fold across all 2004 vehicles. Bill Prindle, the ACEEE's policy director, said that buying the greenest vehicle in a given category is good for individual buyers, local communities and the nation. It's the choices we make in buying cars and trucks that determine how clean the air is, and how dependent we are on Middle East oil, Prindle said in the statement. If new car and light truck buyers chose the most efficient vehicles in each size class, we would slash the 2004 fleet's gasoline use by 18 percent, reducing gasoline purchases by $3.2 billion and saving the average buyer $195 a year. And, of course, we would also cut greenhouse gas emissions. Background on ACEEE and its online consumer guide is at greenercars.com. ?2004 MSNBC Interactive http://www.greenercars.com/bestof.html GreenerCars.com: Highlights of the Model Year The Greenest Vehicles of 2004 lists the top models having the highest Green Scores overall. The Meanest Vehicles for the Environment in 2004 lists the 12 cars and trucks with this year's worst Green Scores. Greener Choices 2004 shows how everyone can buy green by highlighting some of the top-scoring gasoline vehicles in several segments of the market. The Best of 2004 lists the greenest models in each vehicle class. Included are the year's top-rated subcompact, compact, midsize, and large cars, as well as minivans, vans, pickups, and sport utility vehicles. Read about this year's market trends from an environmental perspective. Learn why some light trucks score so poorly. Learn how to use the Best of 2004 list to quickly find the greenest models in each vehicle class. Why Buy Green explains why it is important to buy greener cars and trucks. How to Buy Green shows how to use GreenerCars.com to select a vehicle that does the least harm to the planet while meeting your transportation needs. Yahoo! Groups
[biofuel] Re: Global Problems, Local Solutions - Wendell Berry
Dear Pat Dear Keith, Thank you for the Wendell Berry posting. You're most welcome, I'm glad you liked it. He's always a good read, but this piece is rather relevant to what we're all on about here, IMO. I was originally introduced to his writing through the penmanship of another author, Gene Logsdon. I have one of his books, on organic orcharding, and would like to have another, on small-scale grain production, but it's out of print. Gene speaks his truth, as does Wendell, with a grace that I only hope to achieve. Yes, don't they... You struck a chord with that, maybe that's what I seek and value in writers and writing, grace. It covers rather a lot. Sadly neglected these days, I thnk, not just in writing. When I read their works, I am always reminded that we are all related and that our one goal is to teach others so we might learn from them. You should write and tell them that, it would make their day. Really! Best wishes Keith It's that karma thing... Respectfully, Pat S Yahoo! Groups Sponsor -~-- Buy Ink Cartridges or Refill Kits for your HP, Epson, Canon or Lexmark Printer at MyInks.com. Free s/h on orders $50 or more to the US Canada. http://www.c1tracking.com/l.asp?cid=5511 http://us.click.yahoo.com/mOAaAA/3exGAA/qnsNAA/FGYolB/TM -~- Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
Re: [biofuel] No Waste Economy: Gunter Pauli
Hi Darryl Keith, thank you for posting the Gunter Pauli article, No Waste Economy. You're welcome. Very much in alignment with my econogics philosophy. And with what we do here at Journey to Forever. Also with what I keep proposing when I say that an integrated farm can produce enough fuel for its own use plus some from an ever-changing succession of by-products, without the dedicated use of any land at all. But then so many people get fixated on the best crop, the best technology, the single-solution approach, and it just doesn't work, though they often remain unaware of that somehow, despite the rash of unforeseen side-effects. I sometimes wonder if it's even possible for someone who thinks like that to learn an integrated approach like Pauli's (or yours or mine), something similar in the Amory Lovins article I posted on Natural Economy. Maybe a bit like the difference between competitive and cooperative people - it's said they're basically incompatable: competitive people think cooperation is weak, and cooperative people think competition is immoral. I don't quite agree with that, but there's something in it. Amusing to see the phrase lust-in-time, which I expect is a misprint for just-in- time. Perhaps a bit ironic for a posting on St. Valentine's Day, at least here in the commercialized west. Or a commentary on the lust for profits. But most likely just a scanning issue, converting the [j] to ['l] as it was consistent in three cases, and in each case the phrase is shown starting with a single quote and ending with a double quote. :-) Ironic. I'm always a bit puzzled by such evidence of scanning in articles like this - how come it wasn't already digitized? Bit unintegrated, eh? Today's project is to finish up some new fluorescent lighting for our recently- acquired quilting machine, to provide my wife with a home-based income source. My first project on the machine will be to make a window quilt from leftover fabrics from other projects. A modern version of a traditional re-use technique (patchwork quilting) and use (fabrics for insulation and draft control and decoration, e.g tapestries). Nice work Darryl. Best wishes Keith Darryl McMahon To:biofuel@yahoogroups.com From: Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date sent: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 16:26:43 +0900 Subject: [biofuel] No Waste Economy: Gunter Pauli Send reply to: biofuel@yahoogroups.com http://resurgence.gn.apc.org/articles/pauli.htm Resurgence Magazine No Waste Economy Gunter Pauli Don't expect the Earth to produce more. Expect humans to do more with what the Earth produces. This is the second Green revolution. snip Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/index.php?list=biofuel Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Yahoo! Groups Links * To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biofuel/ * To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] * Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
