Re: [Biofuel] Acids
Hello Robin et al. The acidic step is necessary for neutralisation of the biodiesel. But, basically any mineral acid can be used. The most common (and efficient ?) is concentrated sulphuric acid. Even hydrochloric acid can be used, however usually available as 35-36% solution. For neutralisation similar amounts of phosphoric and sulphuric acid are required, all according to the need for neutralisation. With best regards AGERATEC AB Jan Warnqvist - Original Message - From: Robin Pentney [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, March 12, 2007 9:49 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Acids Hi! Can anyone tell me what the purpose of the Phosphoric acid in the 'Foolproof method? I would like to try it (the method) but phosphoric is only made in Alberta by a fertilizer mfr just down the road from me, but they will only make enough for themselves. Rats! The oilfield creates a huge demand for it here, so the suppliers who ship it up from the states or from Winnipeg mark it up mercilessly. $158.00 for a 20 L pail! It is 75% so there's lots of diluting to do , but still Can I use another acid for the wash? Can you describe the reaction for me ( a neophyte ) In the wash process so I can fully understand it? I am striving to achieve the best quality fuel possible so that others will not be discouraged when if they see me sitting at the side of the road beside my car , with the hood up and my thumb out What would I dilute the 75% phosporic with? Distilled water? Tnx Robin ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Introduction to tropical homegardens: time-tested agroforestry
Publication date: March 12, 2007 The Overstory #186--Introduction to tropical homegardens: time-tested agroforestry by P.K.R. Nair and B.M. Kumar Contents: : INTRODUCTION : THE CONCEPT OF HOMEGARDEN : GENESIS AND GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOMEGARDENS : -- Temperate homegardens : COMPLEXITY OF HOMEGARDENS : HOMEGARDENS IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY LAND USE ISSUES : REFERENCES : ORIGINAL SOURCE : ABOUT THE AUTHORS : WEB LINKS : RELATED EDITIONS OF THE OVERSTORY : PUBLISHER NOTES : SUBSCRIPTIONS THE CONCEPT OF HOMEGARDEN It is rather customary that any writing on homegardens starts with a definition of the term. There is no universally accepted definition of the term. An examination of the various definitions used or suggested by various authors shows that they all revolve around the basic concept that has been around for at least the past 20 years, i.e., since the early literature on the subject (Wiersum, 1982; Brownrigg, 1985; Fernandes and Nair, 1986; Soemarwoto, 1987): homegardens represent intimate, multistory combinations of various trees and crops, sometimes in association with domestic animals, around the homestead. This concept has been developed around the rural settings and subsistence economy under which most homegardens exist(ed). The practice of homegardening is now being extended to urban settings (Drescher et al., 2006; Thaman et al., 2006) as well as with a commercial orientation (Abdoellah et al., 2006; Yamada and Osaqui, 2006). Even before the advent of such new trends as urban and commercial homegardens, the lack of clear-cut distinctions between various stages in the continuum from shifting cultivation to high-intensity multistrata systems and the various terms used in different parts of the world to denote the different systems has often created confusion in the use of the term homegarden and its underlying concept. The confusion is compounded by the fact that in many parts of the world, especially in the New World, swidden farming such as the milpa of Mesoamerica evolve over a period of time into full-fledged homegardens consisting of mature fruit trees and various other types of woody perennials and the typical multistrata canopy configurations. In such situations, it is unclear where the swidden ends and homegarden begins -- and often they co-exist. Yet another cause of confusion is the term itself: homegarden. Even for most agricultural professionals who are either not familiar with or are not appreciative of agroforestry practices, what we write as one word 'homegarden' sounds as two words 'home' and 'garden' sending the signal that the reference is to ornamental gardening around homes. While ornamentals are very much a part of homegardens in many societies, homegardens, in our concept, are not just home gardens of strictly ornamental nature. As we explained in our recent paper (Kumar and Nair, 2004), we use the term homegardens (and homegardening) to refer to farming systems variously described in English language as agroforestry homegardens, household or homestead farms, compound farms, backyard gardens, village forest gardens, dooryard gardens and house gardens. Some local names such as Talun-Kebun and Pekarangan that are used for various types of homegarden systems of Java (Indonesia), Shamba and Chagga in East Africa, and Huertos Familiares of Central America, have also attained international popularity because of the excellent examples of the systems they represent (Nair, 1993). In spite of the emergence of homegardening as a practice outside their traditional habitat into urban and commercial settings, the underlying concept of homegardens remains the same as before intimate, multistory combinations of various trees and crops, sometimes in association with domestic animals, around homesteads. Intimate plant associations of trees and crops and consequent multistory canopy configuration are essential to this concept. Equally important in this concept is the home around which most homegardens are maintained; but in some situations, multistory tree gardens (such as the Talun or Kebun of Indonesia: Wiersum, 1982) that are not in physical proximity to homes but receive the same level of constant attention from the owners' household and have similar structural and functional attributes as other homegarden units located near homes are also considered as homegardens. GENESIS AND GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOMEGARDENS Tracing the history of homegardening, Kumar and Nair (2004) describe it as the oldest land use activity next only to shifting cultivation that has evolved through generations of gradual intensification of cropping in response to increasing human pressure and the corresponding shortage of arable lands. The Javanese homegardens of Indonesia and the Kerala homegardens of India -- the two oft-cited examples -- have reportedly evolved over centuries of cultural and
Re: [Biofuel] man pays $520 electric bill in pennies
Darryl, I tend to agree with you. Instead of taking personal responsibility for his USAGE of a service, which he now must pay for, he blames the service provider. What would he do if CIPS turned off his power tomorrow for being a PITA customer? He'd freeze, but I bet he'd never take personal responsibility for any of it. He'd be a lot better off spending that $50 bucks on a case of insulating spray foam than postage. Of course, CIPS can't turn him off, they are required by the state to offer him power service until he doesn't pay or elects to turn it off. The new rates are less than I pay here in SC. On 3/12/07, Darryl McMahon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Am I the only one who sees this as a particularly feeble response to the issue? First, here's the company side on the rate increases. http://www.ameren.com/AboutUs/ADC_AUE_RateFiling.asp A couple of snippets from that page. If approved, this electric rate increase would mark the first one for AmerenUE in almost 20 years. Typical residential customers using 1,000 kilowatt-hours a month would see their electric bills rise from approximately $66 per month to $72 per month, excluding taxes. Clearly, some people did get hammered by the changes. Testimony of Scott Cisel, President and CEO, Ameren Illinois Utilities - 2007.02.27 http://illinoischannel.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!B0DB128F5CD96151!2007.entry Even Cisel says that low electrical rates were partly to blame for people using more electricity (as opposed to say, insulation) than necessary. BTW, the new, higher rates are still below 10 cents/kWh. http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/illinoisnews/story/C80ED6D9855C9A18862572920017A867?OpenDocument But not to worry, there is political pressure to force the prices back down. (see story above) So, in order to make his point, Hancock ups his cost by another 10-20%. And increases the company's overhead to deal with the protest payment, which is not likely to reduce electricity rates. So, based on the evidence I came across, it seems likely Hancock heats with electricity, and the unseasonably cold weather had the expected effect. Let's hope his next step (and for his neighbours) is to figure out how to reduce his electrical consumption in the future. Unlikely though, it appears instead they'll apply political pressure to end up in the Ontario scenario (keep residential electrical rates unrealistically low, let taxpayers make up the difference, remove the incentive to conserve). Nationalizing oil will simply lead to exploitation by a (somewhat) different group of piggish folks: government. PetroCanada is a disappointing example of what nationalizing oil accomplishes. Darryl -- Thanks, PC He's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switch An expert is a person who has made all the mistakes that can be made in a very narrow field. - Niels Bohr (1885 - 1962) ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] man pays $520 electric bill in pennies
I expect the reality is somewhere in between. I would be surprised if everyone in Illinois was facing a 2.7 times increase in their electrical bills, if there was not something close to open revolt. According to the stories I read around this, the rate increases were approved by a regulatory body. I can't imagine that they would approve a one-time, overnight, 270% increase in rates. Undoubtedly, there is more to it. The media story is decidedly light on facts. It seems likely this case is exceptional, and selected for that purpose. It may be a combination of the rate increase, unusually cold weather and increased electricity use that resulted in this outlier result. I suppose what galls me is that the media thinks the penny protest constitutes action, while more constructive efforts (conservation, efficiency, substituting renewables, stimulating consumer awareness) go unreported, although they could really benefit from such coverage. Darryl Quoting Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Tripling ones bill doesnt make sense if the rate increase was 10%. Nor does bad weather explain it. A bad month may bump it 50%. So there is a problem here. Granted there are usually 3 sides to a story. But 300% I am inclined to think something else was in there besides the rate increase- some fine print about passing on some generating cost. We saw that happen in Northern California and the story was the same - tripling of bills. Kirk Darryl McMahon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Am I the only one who sees this as a particularly feeble response to the issue? First, here's the company side on the rate increases. http://www.ameren.com/AboutUs/ADC_AUE_RateFiling.asp A couple of snippets from that page. If approved, this electric rate increase would mark the first one for AmerenUE in almost 20 years. Typical residential customers using 1,000 kilowatt-hours a month would see their electric bills rise from approximately $66 per month to $72 per month, excluding taxes. Clearly, some people did get hammered by the changes. Testimony of Scott Cisel, President and CEO, Ameren Illinois Utilities - 2007.02.27 http://illinoischannel.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!B0DB128F5CD96151!2007.entry Even Cisel says that low electrical rates were partly to blame for people using more electricity (as opposed to say, insulation) than necessary. BTW, the new, higher rates are still below 10 cents/kWh. http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/illinoisnews/story/C80ED6D9855C9A18862572920017A867?OpenDocument But not to worry, there is political pressure to force the prices back down. (see story above) So, in order to make his point, Hancock ups his cost by another 10-20%. And increases the company's overhead to deal with the protest payment, which is not likely to reduce electricity rates. So, based on the evidence I came across, it seems likely Hancock heats with electricity, and the unseasonably cold weather had the expected effect. Let's hope his next step (and for his neighbours) is to figure out how to reduce his electrical consumption in the future. Unlikely though, it appears instead they'll apply political pressure to end up in the Ontario scenario (keep residential electrical rates unrealistically low, let taxpayers make up the difference, remove the incentive to conserve). Nationalizing oil will simply lead to exploitation by a (somewhat) different group of piggish folks: government. PetroCanada is a disappointing example of what nationalizing oil accomplishes. Darryl Kirk McLoren wrote: necessities of life shouldnt be available to exploitation by piggish folks- like the electricity corporations and natural gas. Nationalize oil! Kirk http://www.kfvs12.com/global/story.asp?s=6206504ClientType=Printable Carterville, IL *Carterville man pays electric bill with 52,000 pennies* March 12, 2007 03:14 AM PST *Carterville man pays electric bill with 52,000 pennies* By: Carly O'Keefe CARTERVILLE, Ill. - A Carterville man wanted to give Ameren CIPS more than just his two cents about the recent rate hike. He's giving them 52,000 cents, by paying his electric bill entirely in pennies. Hancock withdrew $525 dollars from his bank entirely in pennies. It was a large enough withdrawal he needed a pick-up truck to take it all home. He sent his payment to Ameren CIPS in six flat-rate boxes through the United States Postal Service. But he didn't send nice, neat rolls of pennies. Hancock broke open each and every one of the 1050 rolls, to protest his electric bill that increased three times as much as it was this time last year from $193 to $522. When my bill came, my first reaction was shock. That didn't last long. Then I got mad, and then I remembered: don't get mad, just get even, Hancock said. If his protest helps lower electric bills, Hancock says, it'll be worth every penny. I just want to inconvenience them, and
Re: [Biofuel] kind of interesting
Really Jesse? Mark knows Bill Lishman? What a small world. You know I was standing down at the mouth of wilmot creek where it blows into Lake Ontario trout fishing when the ultralight went directly over me with the classic V formation of geese. It was just after Dawn and I had been fishing since 4 am and I know I had imbibed but I stood there in disbelief first wondering why in heck the ultralight jockey would venture beyond gliding range of the shore and second what the heck was wrong with these geese who decided to form up on the ultralight and wondering if I was actually losing my mind. Later the story was on the news. It gets richer, the movie Fly Away Home which chronicles Lishman's work ( hollywood style of course) has all the flying scenes done by Michael Robertson a long time hang glider and Canadian icon of sorts ( he flew a hang glider from the top of the CN tower) and he is a local activist trying to stop the expropriation of farm land in the GTA for the proposed new airport. He is a real great down to earth guy just like Bill. They cut their teeth on the old home made rogallo wing hang gliders back in the late 60's and 70's. He lived with a red tail hawk up in Locust hill when I met him back in '85 when I bought my first wing. What a sweet guy. He will be building one of my biodiesel reactors this summer. He has an open petition you can sign if you want to add your voice to the protest over the land issues. I think you can find a link to it on his page http://www.flyhigh.com/index.php This is a big issue as the area has primo fertile land and wetlands which stand to be harmed if the airport goes in. The area I used to fish is all suburbia now.:( Caught a 40 pound chinook there once upon a time.sigh. Joe Jesse Frayne wrote: Thanks for this completely engaging picture of your nutty feathered friends. What lucky birds to be closely observed and respected. My husband worked on a film years ago about birds who imprinted on a guy who showed them how to migrate, leading them south with a pair of ultra-lights. Came home from work with wonderful stories about the social life of geese: their hard-working natures, how they would play and relax at the end of a long film shooting day, their community interaction and supportiveness... but especially their sense of humour! Damn! I used to love to eat a goose, but boy, you can't do that to someone who can crack a joke. As a cook, I'm dismayed to read that the chickens I prepare regularly are also in the wide-awake species category... humm. Not to resurrect the vegan theme. We all know we must be grateful for anything that sustains us (broccoli!), and try to make something worthwhile with it. --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Jesse Thanks Keith, and I loved reading about your birds! No flirting, just the fanning of feathers. -J :-) I've had a day fraught with birds, especially broody females getting bad-tempered with everyone else because they think it gives them the moral high ground. Marilyn the duck came out of her nest-box where she's sitting on 11 eggs, had an enormous shit, had a large meal, attacked poor Lucy and Spot and beat them up, snarled at the others, and went back to her eggs, making weird squeaking noises. She's a sweetie, is Marilyn, when she's sane, which she's always been up to now. The two big drakes stood off all the while and huffed a lot, left the womenfolk to it, very wise. Anyway Lucy and Spot weren't exactly beaten up, Muscovies are built like those special rubber balls that bounce 10 times higher, it's hard to make an impression. The geese, though, are being sweet and reasonable about it all, for once. Well, they're always extremely sweet, unless you happen to be not a goose (we're sort of honorary geese), but they're not always reasonable. They argue about everything, they're terrible busybodies. They untied all the knots holding up the pasture fence netting, we had to retie everything with strong plastic cord. They didn't want to get out, they just really enjoy untying knots. They're really good at it. Very hi-tech gear, those beaks of theirs. Anyway there are two nests of eggs in their hutch, lots of eggs, probably a communal effort rather than two separate nests for two geese. Very tight-knit are the geese. Very sexually liberated too, they're not rapists like cocks and drakes, it's much more like making love. It also gets to be a communal effort, I saw five them in a tangle the other day, I couldn't tell who was doing what to whom. They sure seemed to be enjoying it, with the other two standing by providing a torrent of advice and encouragement. Suppose they'd already had their turn. These teenagers of today, tut-tut. (Tut-tut is Otjiwarongan for Wish I'd had it so good in my day.) All first-timers so far, these new mums-to-be, and quite a lot of chaos with it, probably not helped by the fact that
Re: [Biofuel] man pays $520 electric bill in pennies
I posted a blog of horror stories earlier. He is not just one selected case. That was the point of the blog. They were sharing horror stories. I still suspect some manipulation. I can cite numerous predatory practices. Conservation is definitely needed. Better yet personal energy independence. That would be the best solution. A company in China is manufacturing vacuum insulated glass tubes that become a solar water heater. Works even on cloudy days. Kirk [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I expect the reality is somewhere in between. I would be surprised if everyone in Illinois was facing a 2.7 times increase in their electrical bills, if there was not something close to open revolt. According to the stories I read around this, the rate increases were approved by a regulatory body. I can't imagine that they would approve a one-time, overnight, 270% increase in rates. Undoubtedly, there is more to it. The media story is decidedly light on facts. It seems likely this case is exceptional, and selected for that purpose. It may be a combination of the rate increase, unusually cold weather and increased electricity use that resulted in this outlier result. I suppose what galls me is that the media thinks the penny protest constitutes action, while more constructive efforts (conservation, efficiency, substituting renewables, stimulating consumer awareness) go unreported, although they could really benefit from such coverage. Darryl Quoting Kirk McLoren : Tripling ones bill doesnt make sense if the rate increase was 10%. Nor does bad weather explain it. A bad month may bump it 50%. So there is a problem here. Granted there are usually 3 sides to a story. But 300% I am inclined to think something else was in there besides the rate increase- some fine print about passing on some generating cost. We saw that happen in Northern California and the story was the same - tripling of bills. Kirk Darryl McMahon wrote: Am I the only one who sees this as a particularly feeble response to the issue? First, here's the company side on the rate increases. http://www.ameren.com/AboutUs/ADC_AUE_RateFiling.asp A couple of snippets from that page. If approved, this electric rate increase would mark the first one for AmerenUE in almost 20 years. Typical residential customers using 1,000 kilowatt-hours a month would see their electric bills rise from approximately $66 per month to $72 per month, excluding taxes. Clearly, some people did get hammered by the changes. Testimony of Scott Cisel, President and CEO, Ameren Illinois Utilities - 2007.02.27 http://illinoischannel.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!B0DB128F5CD96151!2007.entry Even Cisel says that low electrical rates were partly to blame for people using more electricity (as opposed to say, insulation) than necessary. BTW, the new, higher rates are still below 10 cents/kWh. http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/illinoisnews/story/C80ED6D9855C9A18862572920017A867?OpenDocument But not to worry, there is political pressure to force the prices back down. (see story above) So, in order to make his point, Hancock ups his cost by another 10-20%. And increases the company's overhead to deal with the protest payment, which is not likely to reduce electricity rates. So, based on the evidence I came across, it seems likely Hancock heats with electricity, and the unseasonably cold weather had the expected effect. Let's hope his next step (and for his neighbours) is to figure out how to reduce his electrical consumption in the future. Unlikely though, it appears instead they'll apply political pressure to end up in the Ontario scenario (keep residential electrical rates unrealistically low, let taxpayers make up the difference, remove the incentive to conserve). Nationalizing oil will simply lead to exploitation by a (somewhat) different group of piggish folks: government. PetroCanada is a disappointing example of what nationalizing oil accomplishes. Darryl Kirk McLoren wrote: necessities of life shouldnt be available to exploitation by piggish folks- like the electricity corporations and natural gas. Nationalize oil! Kirk http://www.kfvs12.com/global/story.asp?s=6206504ClientType=Printable Carterville, IL *Carterville man pays electric bill with 52,000 pennies* March 12, 2007 03:14 AM PST *Carterville man pays electric bill with 52,000 pennies* By: Carly O'Keefe CARTERVILLE, Ill. - A Carterville man wanted to give Ameren CIPS more than just his two cents about the recent rate hike. He's giving them 52,000 cents, by paying his electric bill entirely in pennies. Hancock withdrew $525 dollars from his bank entirely in pennies. It was a large enough withdrawal he needed a pick-up truck to take it all home. He sent his payment to Ameren CIPS in six flat-rate boxes through the United States Postal Service. But he didn't send nice, neat rolls of pennies. Hancock
[Biofuel] Fwd: RE: [SOLAR] Evacuated Tubes In Trough (Was US renewable energy policy)
crosspost from Solar-concentrator mailing list If you look into solar collectors this is high technology and gets excellent reviews. Efficiency is good even with diffuse light. Expect to pay contractors 1500 -2500 for this performance. 318 from www.tec-solar.com is most definitely a good price. Kirk Gerhard Stemmler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: From: Gerhard Stemmler [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: 'solar concentrators for thermal and photovoltaic applications' [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: RE: [SOLAR] Evacuated Tubes In Trough (Was US renewable energy policy) Date: Tue, 13 Mar 2007 15:17:59 +1200 We bought 15 sets of 24 tubes each from www.tec-solar.com Each set comes with 24 evacuated tubes 1.85 meters long and holders and one manifold. Cost per set was USD318.00 plus freight. Very friendly service. Company is in China like most of the manufacturers of such tubes. gks -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Jeff Barlow Sent: Tuesday, March 13, 2007 13:26 PM To: solar concentrators for thermal and photovoltaic applications Subject: Re: [SOLAR] Evacuated Tubes In Trough (Was US renewable energy policy) Lee Wright wrote: I've been looking at this too. I've bought a tube - only cost $42. Where does one buy these? -- Later, Jeff ___ Solar-concentrator mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.cichlid.com/mailman/listinfo/solar-concentrator Problems to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ Solar-concentrator mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.cichlid.com/mailman/listinfo/solar-concentrator Problems to [EMAIL PROTECTED] - Sucker-punch spam with award-winning protection. Try the free Yahoo! Mail Beta.___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] kind of interesting
Hi Joe, Why yes (she said modestly), Mark knows Bill. I have forwarded your note to him so he can tell you all about it. Your story is so cool!! Imagine seeing that formation fly over, yipers. Mark is proud to be part of a group who is organizing to green up the IATSE film union activities here in Toronto, on-site recycling, the reuse of building materials: all stuff that the biz has been doing for years and is now integrating with the general community. There's a big new studio going up that is squeeky green. Jess --- Joe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Really Jesse? Mark knows Bill Lishman? What a small world. You know I was standing down at the mouth of wilmot creek where it blows into Lake Ontario trout fishing when the ultralight went directly over me with the classic V formation of geese. It was just after Dawn and I had been fishing since 4 am and I know I had imbibed but I stood there in disbelief first wondering why in heck the ultralight jockey would venture beyond gliding range of the shore and second what the heck was wrong with these geese who decided to form up on the ultralight and wondering if I was actually losing my mind. Later the story was on the news. It gets richer, the movie Fly Away Home which chronicles Lishman's work ( hollywood style of course) has all the flying scenes done by Michael Robertson a long time hang glider and Canadian icon of sorts ( he flew a hang glider from the top of the CN tower) and he is a local activist trying to stop the expropriation of farm land in the GTA for the proposed new airport. He is a real great down to earth guy just like Bill. They cut their teeth on the old home made rogallo wing hang gliders back in the late 60's and 70's. He lived with a red tail hawk up in Locust hill when I met him back in '85 when I bought my first wing. What a sweet guy. He will be building one of my biodiesel reactors this summer. He has an open petition you can sign if you want to add your voice to the protest over the land issues. I think you can find a link to it on his page http://www.flyhigh.com/index.php This is a big issue as the area has primo fertile land and wetlands which stand to be harmed if the airport goes in. The area I used to fish is all suburbia now.:( Caught a 40 pound chinook there once upon a time.sigh. Joe Jesse Frayne wrote: Thanks for this completely engaging picture of your nutty feathered friends. What lucky birds to be closely observed and respected. My husband worked on a film years ago about birds who imprinted on a guy who showed them how to migrate, leading them south with a pair of ultra-lights. Came home from work with wonderful stories about the social life of geese: their hard-working natures, how they would play and relax at the end of a long film shooting day, their community interaction and supportiveness... but especially their sense of humour! Damn! I used to love to eat a goose, but boy, you can't do that to someone who can crack a joke. As a cook, I'm dismayed to read that the chickens I prepare regularly are also in the wide-awake species category... humm. Not to resurrect the vegan theme. We all know we must be grateful for anything that sustains us (broccoli!), and try to make something worthwhile with it. --- Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Jesse Thanks Keith, and I loved reading about your birds! No flirting, just the fanning of feathers. -J :-) I've had a day fraught with birds, especially broody females getting bad-tempered with everyone else because they think it gives them the moral high ground. Marilyn the duck came out of her nest-box where she's sitting on 11 eggs, had an enormous shit, had a large meal, attacked poor Lucy and Spot and beat them up, snarled at the others, and went back to her eggs, making weird squeaking noises. She's a sweetie, is Marilyn, when she's sane, which she's always been up to now. The two big drakes stood off all the while and huffed a lot, left the womenfolk to it, very wise. Anyway Lucy and Spot weren't exactly beaten up, Muscovies are built like those special rubber balls that bounce 10 times higher, it's hard to make an impression. The geese, though, are being sweet and reasonable about it all, for once. Well, they're always extremely sweet, unless you happen to be not a goose (we're sort of honorary geese), but they're not always reasonable. They argue about everything, they're terrible busybodies. They untied all the knots holding up the pasture fence netting, we had to retie everything with strong plastic cord. They didn't want to get out, they just really enjoy untying knots. They're really good at it. Very hi-tech gear, those beaks of theirs. Anyway there are two nests of eggs in their hutch, lots
Re: [Biofuel] Cheese Whey to Ethanol or tagatose sugar? ;)
It is the same whey and cheese whey. I get 25,000 liters of cheese whey for free each day. I make a project to convert cheese whey to ethanol, but the tagatose sugar is very interesting. I am located in Panama, Central America. A program of the Europe Union grant me a few euros to make it happens, you know, we are on the third world. I am going to use the same pilot plant to produce ethanol from sugar cane. I am located in a sugar cane region here in Chiriqui, Panama.I want to buy a small plant with a fermentor/separator and/or use pervaporation to make the production cost smaller. At first I wanted to recover lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase, but the ultrafiltration equiment is too expensive. From: Kirk McLoren [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Cheese Whey to Ethanol Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2007 22:05:02 -0700 (PDT) What is the difference between whey and cheese whey? Whey that body builders buy is not cheap. Kirk NV Dhana [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: To, Ramirez, You can find lot of information about fermenting whey by using google, just type Whey fermentation and see what can you get. Also try this website. w. bio-process.com/wheyethanol.htm. Any college with micro-biology class will tell you where to get K.Fragilis or K. Lactis. N.V. Dhana From: Dimas Ramirez Reply-To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Cheese Whey to Ethanol Date: Sat, 10 Mar 2007 19:54:49 + What I need to produce this sugar? From: NV Dhana Reply-To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Cheese Whey to Ethanol Date: Sun, 10 Sep 2006 12:54:50 -0400 To Saludos, Why you want to ferment whey to ethanol when you can make Tagatose sugar that is more lucrative fron whey. From: Dimas Ramirez Reply-To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: [Biofuel] Cheese Whey to Ethanol Date: Fri, 08 Sep 2006 23:56:32 + I have a waste of 20,000 liters of cheese whey every day. I want to convert it to ethanol, but a can not find Kluyveromyces Fragilis to break the lactose. Anybody knows about it or another method to make it happens? Saludos! Dimas - Don't be flakey. Get Yahoo! Mail for Mobile and always stay connected to friends. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ _ The average US Credit Score is 675. The cost to see yours: $0 by Experian. http://www.freecreditreport.com/pm/default.aspx?sc=660600bcd=EMAILFOOTERAVERAGE ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] GRAIN: Bird flu: a bonanza for 'Big Chicken'
http://www.grain.org/articles/?id=22 GRAIN | Against the grain | 2007 | Bird flu: a bonanza for 'Big C Bird flu: a bonanza for 'Big Chicken' GRAIN Against the grain Available in PDF: (62k) http://www.grain.org/articles_files/atg-8-en.pdf Author: GRAIN Date: March 2007 See also the GRAIN Bird flu resource page here http://www.grain.org/m/?id=84 GRAIN | Bird Flu The bird flu crisis rages on. One year ago, when governments were fixated on getting surveillance teams into wetlands and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) was waving the finger of blame at Asia and Africa's abundant household poultry, GRAIN and other groups pointed out that large-scale industrial poultry farms and the global poultry trade were spreading bird flu -- not wild birds nor backyard flocks. Today, this has become common knowledge, even though little is being done to control the industrial source of the problem, and governments still shamelessly roll out the wild bird theory to dodge responsibility. Just a few weeks ago, Moscow authorities blamed migratory birds for an outbreak near the city -- in the middle of the Russian winter. A more sinister dimension of the bird flu crisis, however, is becoming more apparent. Last year, we warned that bird flu was being used to advance the interests of powerful corporations, putting the livelihoods and health of millions of people in jeopardy. Today, more than ever, agribusiness is using the calamity to consolidate its farm-to-factory-to-supermarket food chains as its small-scale competition is criminalised, while pharmaceutical companies mine the goodwill invested in the global database of flu samples to profit from desperate, captive vaccine markets. Two UN agencies -- FAO and the World Health Organisation (WHO) -- remain at the centre of this story, using their international stature, access to governments and control over the flow of donor funds to advance corporate agendas. Slaughtering the small poultry sector Authorities in charge of dealing with bird flu are finally acknowledging the role played by the poultry trade in spreading the virus. This is long overdue. The first bird flu outbreaks in Southeast Asia -- Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Indonesia -- occurred in closed, intensive factory farms. But thorough investigations were never made into why the disease broke out on those farms and how it subsequently spread from there. The same goes for Turkey and Egypt, where wild birds and backyard flocks were quickly condemned while the poultry companies, which supplied markets and backyard producers with birds as the disease raged through the industry, were left off the hook. Even in South Korea, with healthy free-range poultry roaming next to factory farms hit by the disease, authorities are obsessed with the role of wild birds. It was only in the UK this past February that the myth that large farms are biosecure was shattered and the shroud concealing the many ways that bird flu spreads through the transnational poultry industry was torn off. Government officials at first blamed wild birds for the outbreak on a large factory farm owned by poultry giant Bernard Matthews and the company dismissed media reports about a possible link with its operations in Hungary, saying that these were far from the area in that country where bird flu recently broke out. But both explanations fell apart when a government inspector found a wrapper on the company's UK premises proving that meat from a slaughterhouse in Hungary's bird-flu infected area had indeed been processed at the UK factory farm just prior to the outbreak. Yet back in the Asian epicentre of the crisis, the message to poultry farmers is still, Get big, really big, or get out. In 2006, Vietnam, under a joint government-UN programme, laid out a ten-year plan to, in the words of its Minister of Agriculture, turn its poultry sector into a modern, large-scale industry in terms of farming, slaughter and consumption. The government began with a ban on live poultry in urban centres, putting an end to thousands of backyard stocks. Then new regulations on trade and on poultry slaughtering in residential areas came into effect. Small-scale markets and butchers were shut down, and slaughterhouses were moved to a few licensed facilities on the outskirts of the cities. In Ho Chi Minh City, over 200 local markets sold chicken before the bird flu crisis; today, chicken can be legally sold only by supermarkets or factory farm selling points. The number of slaughterhouses in the city has plummeted from 50 to three. The changes are devastating small-scale producers because the supermarkets and new slaughterhouses sell only poultry that is certified according to standards that small farmers cannot comply with. The three or four companies that control Vietnam's industrial poultry production thus not only get captive urban markets; they also get a low-wage labour force of
