Glen:
My glee at the minimal captures of Apple Maggot on this farm is
tempered by my history of Lesser Appleworm. It has produced significant
damage to fruit when I have omitted insecticide in August. Now I am thinking
that LAW traps may be needed to justify the insecticide.
David Kollas
Kollas Orchard
Tolland, CT
On Aug 5, 2013, at 8:35 AM, Glen Koehler <[email protected]> wrote:
> Hi Art
> See paragraph in last newsletter. Bottom line is sugar should also
> increase efficacy of Assail and possibly Delegate against AM but nobody knows
> if there would be other problems created by spraying sugar on apples. I find
> the slow start to AM catches perplexing. Only speculation I have to explain
> it is that they suffered high mortality in winter. But that might be wishful
> thinking. Next few weeks will tell.
> - Glen
>
> On Sun, Aug 4, 2013 at 8:45 AM, Arthur Kelly <[email protected]> wrote:
> There is a recommendation to add sugar when making an application of Assail
> for SWD on berries to stimulate feeding. 1-2 lbs per hundred gal. What
> about for apples when using Assail or Delegate for instance? My
> understanding is that when first emerged the flies feed. FYI we trapped the
> first AM fly on 8/2 here. Only one on five traps.
>
> Art Kelly
> Kelly Orchards
> Acton, ME
>
>
> On Fri, Aug 2, 2013 at 1:33 PM, David Kollas <[email protected]> wrote:
>
>
> Thank you, Art. It is always better to know whether the most-informed
> have the answers; or whether, instead, they are not sure either.
>
> The uncertainty that Reissig expressed in his paper of 2003 apparently
> continues now ten years later. In that paper he indicated the need for
> additional research to assess practical aspects of replacing organophosphates
> with newer chemistries in commercial orchards.
>
> A practical aspect of using Calyso or Assail in leu of Imidan that is
> separate from their mode of action on Apple Maggot, is the
> question of how to incorporate them into a label-compliant
> resistance-management program that includes control of many pests in addition
> to Apple Maggot.
>
> David
>
>
>
> On Aug 2, 2013, at 11:53 AM, Arthur M. Agnello wrote:
>
>> Hi David,
>>
>> Harvey Reissig did a study on the efficacy of some of the newer products
>> against apple maggot, and published it some years ago:
>>
>> Reissig, W. Harvey. 2003. Field and Laboratory Tests of New Insecticides
>> Against the Apple Maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera:
>> Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (5): 1463-1472 — I will
>> send you a pdf of it in a separate email.
>>
>> However, his general findings were that there are no new insecticides that
>> are as effective in controlling AM as the organophosphates, particularly in
>> “high pressure situations”. It is also true that most of the new materials
>> are not as directly toxic to the flies as the OPs, and the efficacy of many
>> these new materials appears to be due to their ability to prevent flies from
>> ovipositing as long as they are in contact with their residues. We really
>> don’t know the mechanism of this mode of action, but in many laboratory
>> bioassays the flies will not lay eggs on treated apples, although they
>> remain alive. So far, we would say that in most normal US orchards, which
>> are presumed to be initially free from internal AM infestations and are not
>> near abandoned orchards and other large sources of unsprayed host trees, we
>> have not seen control failures or even increased damage in orchards that are
>> not treated with organophosphates, although AM catches in monitoring traps
>> placed along the edges of these orchards appears to be higher than when
>> they were sprayed with organophosphates.
>>
>> As far as efficacy, Calypso is definitely the most effective of the new
>> insecticides, followed by Assail. Delegate and Altacor also have some
>> activity, but would probably not provide control in orchards with internal
>> infestations or those that are near heavy unsprayed sources of infestations.
>>
>> Art
>>
>> --
>> Arthur M. Agnello
>> Professor and Extension Tree Fruit Entomologist
>> Dept. of Entomology [email protected]
>> N.Y.S. Agric. Expt. Sta. Tel: 315-787-2341
>> 630 W. North St. Fax: 315-787-2326
>> Geneva, NY 14456-1371
>> http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/agnello/links.html
>> Scaffolds Fruit Journal online:
>> http://www.scaffolds.entomology.cornell.edu/index.html
>>
>> From: Dave Kollas <[email protected]>
>> Reply-To: Apple-crop discussion list <[email protected]>
>> Date: Fri, Aug 2 10:44 AM
>> To: Apple-crop discussion list <[email protected]>
>> Subject: Re: [apple-crop] Residual pesticide activity
>>
>>
>> Thank you for that, Peter.
>>
>> I suppose that if the systemic activity of neonics is sufficient to kill
>> Apple Maggot eggs or larvae during a (two week?) period after application,
>> and up to 2 inches rainfall, they could be expected to be as good as Imidan
>> or Guthion, regardless of whether the adults are killed by fruit or foliar
>> contact.
>> Or, perhaps female flies are killed by ovipositor contact with systemic
>> neonic during egg insertion? My guess is that such studies have not been
>> made.
>>
>> David Kollas
>>
>> On Aug 2, 2013, at 8:55 AM, Peter J. Jentsch wrote:
>>
>>> Hi David,
>>>
>>> John Wise, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology, wrote a
>>> very nice piece on the 'Rainfast characteristics of fruit crop
>>> insecticides' that might help to answer these questions. It was posted on
>>> June 3, 2013.
>>>
>>> http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/rainfast_characteristics_of_fruit_crop_insecticides
>>>
>>> All the best,
>>>
>>>
>>> Peter J. Jentsch
>>> Senior Extension Associate - Entomology
>>> Department of Entomology
>>> Cornell University’s Hudson Valley Lab
>>> P.O. Box 727, 3357 Rt. 9W
>>> Highland, NY 12528
>>>
>>> Office: 845-691-7151
>>> Cell: 845-417-7465
>>> FAX: 845-691-2719
>>>
>>> E-mail: [email protected]
>>> http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/bmsb1.html
>>> http://web.entomology.cornell.edu/jentsch/links.html
>>> From: [email protected]
>>> [[email protected]] on behalf of David Kollas
>>> [[email protected]]
>>> Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 8:50 PM
>>> To: [email protected]
>>> Subject: [apple-crop] Fwd: Residual pesticide activity
>>>
>>> Perhaps the sending address I used this morning was wrong. I am trying
>>> another now.
>>>
>>> Begin forwarded message:
>>>
>>>> From: David Kollas <[email protected]>
>>>> Date: July 31, 2013 9:08:52 AM EDT
>>>> To: Apple-crop discussion list <[email protected]>
>>>> Bcc: Kollas David <[email protected]>
>>>> Subject: Residual pesticide activity
>>>>
>>>> All:
>>>> Surely others know the answer to this question. I must have missed it
>>>> somewhere. Does the systemic activity of
>>>> absorbed neonicotinoid sprays Assail and Calypso replace the surface
>>>> residual that continues to kill Apple Maggot flies
>>>> entering an Imidan or Guthion-treated orchard days after the application?
>>>> Do the neonics provide residual control only by
>>>> systemic tissue-presence which the insect must consume? Or do Apple
>>>> Maggot flies get enough active ingredient through
>>>> their "feet" to kill them on days-old neonic treatments?
>>>> The question is relevant in choosing whether, and what pesticide to apply
>>>> prior to forecast thunderstorms that can
>>>> remove surface residues.
>>>>
>>>> David Kollas
>>>> Kollas Orchard, Tolland, CT
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
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>
>
> --
> Art Kelly
> Kelly Orchards
> Acton, ME
>
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>
>
>
>
> --
> Glen Koehler
> University of Maine Cooperative Extension
> Pest Management Office
> Voice: 207-581-3882
> 491 College Avenue, Orono, ME 04473
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