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On 4 August 2015 16:02:53 GMT-04:00, "Jorge Timón via bitcoin-dev" 
<bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org> wrote:
>One thing I've noticed there seems to be disagreement on is whether
>miners' upgrade confirmation (aka voting) is necessary for
>uncontroversial hardforks or not.

To be clear, without a strong supermajority of miner support the fork risks 
attack. Requiring 95% approval - which is actually just a 50% majority vote as 
the majority can squelch the minority - is an obvious minimum safety 
requirement.

Another option is Hearn's proposal of using centralised checkpoints to override 
PoW consensus; obviously that raises serious questions, including legal issues.

For forks without miner approval miners have a number of options to defeat 
them. For instance, they can make their own fork with a new consensus algorithm 
that requires miners to prove they're attacking the unwanted chain - Garzik's 
recent 2MB blocks proposal is a hilarious, and probably accidental, example of 
such a design, with the original Bitcoin protocol rules having the effect of 
attacking the Garzik 2MB chain.

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