Disini ci Ul memang keliru dan menyangka, pembayaran uang 4 milyaran itu BUKAN pampasan. Pampasan adalah uang yang harus dibayar Jepang kepada kita, tetapi uang ini harus kita bayar. TANPA penandatanganan perjanjian KMB ini, TAK ada kedaulatan.
Coba baca: MUNGKIN tidak banyak yang tahu, jika ada perjanjian terselubung di balik Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB). Siapa sangka, di balik peristiwa sejarah yang disebut-sebut menjadi tonggak pengakuan kedaulatan Republik Indonesia itu, tersembunyi perjanjian pembayaran utang-utang penjajah kolonial Belanda. Fakta mencengangkan dari perjanjian yang digelar di Den Haag Belanda, 23 Agustus 1949, itu diceritakan Pengamat Ekonomi, Revrison Baswir, saat mengisi sebuah seminar di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). Hal itu tak urung membuat peserta seminar yang umumnya mengaku tidak mengetahui fakta tersebut tercengang. Menurut Revrison, untuk mengakui kedaulatan Republik Indonesia, pemerintah Belanda mengajukan beberapa persyaratan. Salah satunya, Indonesia harus mau mewarisi utang-utang yang dibuat Hindia Belanda, sebesar 4 miliar dolar AS. Indonesia yang saat itu diwakili Mochamad Hatta, menyetujui syarat tersebut. "Sebelumnya, Hatta telah mendapat lampu hijau dari Soekarno untuk menyetujuinya. Indonesia menyetujui syarat tersebut untuk mendapat pengakuan kedaulatan. Namun, rencananya, Indonesia tidak akan membayar utang tersebut dan tetap membiarkannya menjadi tanggungan pemerintah Hindia Belanda," tutur Revrison. Indonesia pun menjalankan rencana tersebut. Pada kurun waktu 1949- 1965, Indonesia tidak membayar utang tersebut. Akibatnya, munculah Agresi Militer Belanda I dan II. Setelah berkali-kali mengalami kegagalan, akhirnya Belanda pun menyerah untuk memaksakan kehendaknya agar Indonesia membayar utang tersebut. Namun, lanjut Revrison, Belanda tidak berhenti sampai di situ. Mereka mulai menyusun rencana lain, dengan cara lebih halus, antara lain dengan pembentukan Intergovernmental Group on Indonesia (IGGI). Dari sejarah, diketahui jika kelompok yang diketuai Belanda itu didirikan untuk membantu pembangunan Indonesia. "Ternyata, di balik pendirian IGGI pun ada udang di balik batu. Logikanya sederhana. IGGI dibentuk, Belanda ketuanya, dengan syarat Indonesia harus mau membayar utang peninggalan Hindia Belanda. Akhirnya, pada 1967-1968, pemerintah kita yang saat itu dikepalai Soeharto, melakukan reschedulling pembayaran utang tersebut," ujarnya. Ujungnya, lanjut Revrison, pada 1968 disepakati jika utang Hindia Belanda akan dicicil Indonesia dalam tempo 35 tahun. "Utang tersebut baru lunas pada 2003. Sekarang, utang Indonesia di luar utang Hindia Belanda bersisa 66,8 miliar dolar AS. Dengan utang sebesar ini, mau lunasnya kapan?" katanya. Namun, terlepas dari utang yang saat ini dimiliki Indonesia, menurut Revrison, Indonesia telah lama dibohongi melalui penggelapan sejarah. Hampir setiap buku pelajaran sejarah di Indonesia, tidak ada yang mencantumkan perihal perjanjian pembayaran utang tersebut. Salam sejarah Danardono --- In [email protected], ALIANTONY ALI <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > hahahah neng uly waaahahahahha.entar kelaporan di POLICE wa nunjuk orang ..berabe ini.sabar sabar gunung fuji yang tinggi masih ada yang lebih tinggi lagi tapi belum sadar juga setinggi apa gunung itu.waakkakakak > > .kalau orang bilang 4,5 gulden atau 4,5 ringgit atau 4,5 ruppee...ok ok aja ..wakkakaaakk.gawat sejarah indonesia yang kita pelajari ini semua fiktif ...makjang ? > > apa yang terjadi dengan indonesia ini.....entar gua bayar lebih banyak deh supaya ngak merdeka lagi 5000 juta gulden. kurobah lagi sejarah ini.. > > hancur deh mana yang bener sejarah indo ini.berarti merdeka bukan dengan tombak bambu dong.GAWAT > > Ulysee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Bayar 4,5 gulden buat kemerdekaan? > Apaan tuh maksudnya? Pampasan perang???? > Lu dapet darimana? Bawa kesini kutipan bukunya dunks. > > Gue kaga tau tuh. Kaga ada di buku sejarah. > Kalau enggak tahu yang begituan apa namanya Bego??? > Krrrrkkkkekekekekekkkk...... > > ALIIIII... tuh tuh ada yang bego-bego in orang tuh, tunjuk idungnya tuh. > * melirik moderator.... *Hihihihi..... > > Doh, segitu dendamnya gara gara silusimati, > gue mah cari preman sori, kaga ada urusan sama silusimati, hihihihi..... > > > -----Original Message----- > From: [email protected] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of ardian_c > Sent: Saturday, May 24, 2008 8:45 AM > To: [email protected] > Subject: [budaya_tionghua] Re: Remaking Asia > > > Masak gak tau Indonesia bayar 4,5 milyard gulden ? baru lunas belon lama tuh. > > Ataw lu kebanyakan dibego2in ilusimati jadi bego beneran ya? > > Lu pikir 17 agustus 1945 langsung diakuin belanda ? Gaklah yao makanye ada aksi agresi or polisional wat eperlah namanye > > --- In [email protected], "Ulysee" <ulysee_me2@> wrote: > > > > Indonesia bayar buat merdeka?? > > bayarnya berape? Bayarannya ape? > > lu kaga kasi hints tau tau ngomongin Mossadegh, gemane seh. > > > > Yang gue pernah denger mah Gossip JFK mati di tangan pembunuh bayaran > > yang dibayar Belanda gara-gara mendukung Indonesia merdeka, getoh. Kalau > > Indonesia bayar buat merdeka mah nggak pernah denger, lagian waktu > > Indonesia merdeka khan kita lagi dijajah sama Jepang??? > > Mau juga bayar sama Jepang kaleeeee........ > > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: [email protected] > > [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of ardian_c > > Sent: Friday, May 23, 2008 2:14 PM > > To: [email protected] > > Subject: [budaya_tionghua] Re: Remaking Asia > > > > > > > > tenang aje , kalu lu mau gw kasih potokopinye ye :P > > > > gw sekarang mah lage baca boekoe sejarah TRIAD not triads hehehehehe > > lage demen cari2 cerita TRIAD mbakyu. > > > > kalu mau pada ngaku neh, sbenernye khan Indonesia bayar buat merdeka > > ame Belanda hehehehehehehe > > nah loe liat aje kasus Mossadegh sono. > > > > Dah ya itu hintsnye trus loe cari sendiri sono, kalu perlu lu liat toh > > The CIA's Secret Wars ama The KGB's Sex Files. > > > > --- In HYPERLINK > > "mailto:budaya_tionghua%40yahoogroups.com"[EMAIL PROTECTED] yahoogroups.- > > com, "Ulysee" <ulysee_me2@> wrote: > > > > > > Coba yang katanya udah baca buku Remaking Asia, > > > > > > * menurut buku itu Asia mau dibikin jadi kayak apa? > > > * dan menurut buku itu KAPAN tuh Asia jadi kayak gitu? > > > * dan kalau dibandingan sama keadaan sekarang, udah berhasil atau > > belum > > > tuh? > > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: HYPERLINK > > "mailto:budaya_tionghua%40yahoogroups.com"[EMAIL PROTECTED] yahoogroups.- > > com > > > [mailto:HYPERLINK > > "mailto:budaya_tionghua%40yahoogroups.com"[EMAIL PROTECTED] yahoogroups.- > > com] On Behalf Of ardian_c > > > Sent: Friday, May 23, 2008 2:30 AM > > > To: HYPERLINK > > "mailto:budaya_tionghua%40yahoogroups.com"[EMAIL PROTECTED] yahoogroups.- > > com > > > Subject: [budaya_tionghua] Remaking Asia > > > > > > > > > > > > teori konspirasi kah ? atau kenyataan yg ada ? > > > > > > Remaking Asia > > > Remaking Asia. Edited by Mark Selden, > > > New York: Pantheon Books, 1974. > > > Gail Omvedt > > > At the end of the second World War, > > > with the old colonial powers weakened > > > and totally discredited, with Japan's > > > &dquo;co-prosperi'--ty sphere&dquo; lying in ashes, > > > and with nationalist movements and > > > communist insurgencies on 'the rise, > > > the United States moved into Asia. It > > > moved in to fill the imperialist gap left > > > by 'the fall of French, British and > > > Dutch empir e s ; to restablize monopoly > > > capitalism in Japan and reintegrate it > > > as a subordinate partner in empire, > > > and to take a lead in fostering non- > > > Communist nationalist regimes that > > > would assure the West continual flows > > > of raw material supplies and continuing > > > markets for the export of capital and > > > goods by U. S. -based multinational > > > corporations. > > > This was a process that took some > > > time. It involved the creation of new > > > supranational agencies of economic > > > imperialism: the International Monetary > > > Fund, the World Bank, the Asian > > > Development Bank. It involved the > > > pressures that resulted in the reversal > > > of trends toward independent industrial > > > development in the tumultuous Asian > > > nations that had developed powerful > > > nationalist movements, nations such as > > > India and Indonesia which had regimes > > > that were noncommunist but still > > > nationalistic and anti-imperialist. Such > > > reversals took place in Indonesia with > > > the violent mas sacre of half a millions > > > Communists and peasants in 1965, in > > > India in a slower process described by > > > Thomas Weiskopff as the &dquo;drift to dependence& > > > dquo; which began in the late 1950 s > > > and culminated also in the middle 1960s, > > > and in the Philippines in a similar fitful > > > repression of economic nationalism that > > > culminated with the IMF-enforced abolition > > > of economic controls in 1962. By > > > the end of the 1960s, as a result of such > > > imperialist pressures and the unwillingness > > > of their own bourgeois and capitalistbacked > > > ruling clas se s to initiate basic > > > reforms, the noncommunist &dquo;independent&--dquo; > > > Asian regimes were becoming stabilized > > > into the stagnation and dependency of > > > international imperialism. > > > This is the process detailed in Remaking > > > Asia, which includes articles on > > > both international agencies and specific > > > Asian societies to show that Vietnam is > > > not America's only &dquo;Asian story. &dquo; Remaking > > > Asia is to a significant degree a > > > product of the collective radical scholarship > > > of the Committee of Concerned > > > Asian Scholars; most of its contributors > > > are CCAS members, and its editors is > > > a founder-member of CCAS who broke > > > into print with one of the first truly > > > radical academic studies of the Chinese > > > revolution ( The Tenan Way in Revolutionary > > > China) and has since left the academic > > > world to work with left groups in > > > Japan. 1 Thus, though the authors are > > > not Asians themselves, they are sufficiently > > > immersed in the cultures and > > > societies they are writing about to give > > > some sense of the interaction of imperialist > > > institutions and policies with concrete > > > social structures. For this reason > > > alone, Remaking Asia is an important > > > supplement to the general studies of > > > imperialism by Jalee, Magdoff and > > > others. > > > For example, a recent &dquo;revisionist&--dquo; > > > argument by Bill Warren in New Left > > > Review that industrial development can > > > occur in spite of imperialism tends to > > > fall apart at least when looked at in > > > terms of the specific Asian case studies > > > in Remaking Asia. Warren's aggregate > > > data ignores the fact that it is precisely > > > the most populous Asian countries which > > > have the lowest rates of growth (India > > > with a 1. 2% per capita growth rate, > > > Indonesia with 1. 0°~0, Philippines with > > > 2. 9% and Pakistan with Z. 4%) ; thus any > > > growth is only an &dquo;enclave&--dquo; growth > > > heightening uneven development either > > > © 1975 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use > > > or unauthorized distribution. > > > Downloaded from HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK "http://crs.sagepub.com"http://crs.sagepub.- com"HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.-com"http://crs.sagepub.--com by on May 22, 2008 > > > 78 > > > within the larger countries or within > > > Asia as a whole. Further, by taking the > > > post-war period as a whole, he ignores > > > changing tendencies. Yet the process > > > that is detailed in Remaking Asia by > > > William Pomeroy for the Philippines, > > > by Thomas Weiskopff for India, and by > > > Cheryl Payer for Indonesia, shows a > > > reimposition of imperialist controls > > > against the nationalist tendencies that > > > had emerged as a strong force during > > > World War II--and with the reimposition > > > of controls a stagnation and slowing > > > down of growth rates, a rising of inflation, > > > unemployment and inequalities, > > > an increasing subordination to multinational > > > investment, and an increasing > > > dependence for such basic goods as > > > food. Thus without revolution the > > > limited gains that did come with formal > > > independence are being wiped out and > > > the trend is downward. 3 > > > Because any general overall analysis > > > of the mechanics and trends of imperialist > > > control must take account of their > > > actual confrontation with a particular > > > third world society, the actual process > > > of molding and resistance. Remaking > > > Asia--or some equivalent case studies > > > for Latin America or Africa--is thus a > > > necessity for any course focusing on > > > imperialism. > > > Finally, Remaking Asia is the second > > > in a sort of CCAS-Pantheon &dquo;series&--dquo; > > > dealing with Asian societies (the first is > > > America's Asia, edi~ted by Selden and > > > Ed Friedman), and it might be hoped > > > that the editors will follow it up with a > > > third, focusing on the process of resistance > > > itself. For even with the > > > solidification of American-backed multinational > > > investments and supranational > > > agency control in the late 1960s has > > > come also increasing class tensions, > > > strikes, peasant and student outbreaks, > > > and the gradual solidification and development > > > of guerrilla warfare and > > > liberated zones. &dquo;Peoples' war&dquo; is > > > progressing not only in Indochina but in > > > Thailand as well, and armed struggle > > > even now is taking root in Burma, the > > > Philippines, Malaysia, Bangladesh and > > > the northeast tribal areas of India. The > > > theory and practice of liberation, as > > > well as that of imperialism, should be a > > > crucial part of the education of American > > > students of society. > > > FOOTNOTES > > > 1. Selden is working with Ampo, a Japanese new left > > > publication that along with the Indian journal Frontier > > > is a crucial ongoing source of news and analysis for Asia. > > > Readers of Insurgent Sociologist are urged to subscribe or > > > have their libraries subscribe: Ampo, Box 5250 Tokoyo > > > International, Japan ($6 a year individual subscription) > > > and Frontier, ed. Samar Sen, 61 Mott Lane, Calcutta > > > 13, India ($6 year seamail, $18. 50 airmail, weekly). > > > 2. "Imperialism and Capitalist Industrialization, " New Left > > > Review, September-October 1973. > > > 3. In addition, World Bank researchers themselves discount > > > favorable tendencies in terms of trade as a temporary > > > phenomenon and see little likelihood that third world > > > countries can gain control over raw materials other than > > > oil; see Foreign Affairs, April 1974. > > > Working for Ford > > > Working for Ford, Huw Beynon (Penguin > > > Books: London), 1973. (No price indicated.) > > > Jack Sattel > > > &dquo;The man on the engine dress has just > > > fitted another gearbox. Forty an hour. > > > - Three hundred and twenty a shift. &dquo; > > > So closes Beynon's book about the > > > people who make cars for the Ford > > > Motor Company in Britain. Beynon > > > never worked for Ford; he is, in fact, > > > a sociologist at the University of > > > Bristol--which makes his book all the > > > more remarkable. What he did do was > > > to spend five year s with the men and > > > women of British Ford's in their home, > > > in the factory, their pubs, on their > > > © 1975 > > > > > > HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/5/2/77"http://crs.sagepub.- com/cgi/r > > eprint/-5/2/77"HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.-com/cgi/r"http://crs.sagepub.--com/cgi/-r > > > eprint/-5/2/-77 > > > > > > Critical Sociology > > > DOI: 10.1177/08969205750--0500209 > > > Crit Sociol 1975; 5; 77 > > > Gail Omvedt > > > Books, 1974 > > > Book Review: Remaking Asia: Remaking Asia. Edited by Mark Selden, New > > > York: Pantheon > > > HYPERLINK "HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.com"http://crs.sagepub.-com"HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.-com"http://crs.sagepub.--com > > > The online version of this article can be found at: > > > Published by: > > > HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://www.sagepublications.com"http://www.sagepubl-ications.- com"HYPER > > LINK > > "http://www.sagepubl-ications.-com"http://www.sagepubl--ications.- -com > > > Additional services and information for Critical Sociology can be > > > found at: > > > Email Alerts: HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts"http://crs.sagepub.- com/cgi/alerts"HY > > PERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.-com/cgi/alerts"http://crs.sagepub.--com/cgi/- alerts > > > Subscriptions: HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.com/subscriptions"http://crs.sagepub.- com/subscripti > > on-s"HYPERLINK > > "http://crs.sagepub.-com/subscripti"http://crs.sagepub.-- com/subscripti > > > on-s > > > Reprints: HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav"http://www.sagepub.- com/jou > > rnalsRepr-ints.nav"HYPERLINK > > "http://www.sagepub.-com/jou"http://www.sagepub.--com/jou > > > rnalsRepr-ints.-nav > > > Permissions: HYPERLINK > > > "HYPERLINK > > "http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav"http://www.sagepub.- com/ > > journalsPerm-issions.nav"HYPERLINK > > "http://www.sagepub.-com/"http://www.sagepub.--com/ > > > journalsPerm--issions.nav > > > © 1975 > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > No virus found in this incoming message. > > > Checked by AVG. > > > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.0/1461 - Release Date: > > > 5/22/2008 4:44 PM > > > > > > > > > > > > No virus found in this outgoing message. > > > Checked by AVG. > > > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.0/1461 - Release Date: > > > 5/22/2008 4:44 PM > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > No virus found in this incoming message. > > Checked by AVG. > > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.0/1461 - Release Date: > > 5/22/2008 4:44 PM > > > > > > > > No virus found in this outgoing message. > > Checked by AVG. > > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.0/1461 - Release Date: > > 5/22/2008 4:44 PM > > > > > > > No virus found in this incoming message. > Checked by AVG. > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.1/1468 - Release Date: 5/26/2008 3:23 PM > > > No virus found in this outgoing message. > Checked by AVG. > Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 269.24.1/1468 - Release Date: 5/26/2008 3:23 PM > > > > > > Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com >
