Hormone found in fat tissue a paradox

<http://www.upi.com/Health_News/2009/03/03/Hormone_found_in_fat_tissue_a_paradox/UPI-45551236056920>http://www.upi.com/Health_News/2009/03/03/Hormone_found_in_fat_tissue_a_paradox/UPI-45551236056920
 


Published: March 3, 2009 at 12:08 AM

CHAMPAIGN, Ill., March 3 (UPI) -- The obese are more apt to suffer 
from diabetes, heart disease or stroke, but are more likely to 
survive an attack from those conditions, U.S. researchers say.

University of Illinois scientists Gregory Freund and Christina Sherry 
say the phenomenon is called the obesity paradox.

"We know that leptin, a hormone secreted by fat tissue, plays a key 
role in regulating the immune system. When we exposed mice to hypoxia 
-- simulating an event, such as a heart attack -- leptin triggered 
the immune system to increase production of an anti-inflammatory 
molecule, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist," Freund said in a statement.

The researchers then gave non-obese mice leptin injections and they 
recovered three times faster, Sherry said.

In the study, published in Endocrinology, one group of mice was fed a 
high-fat diet for 12 weeks, while another group was fed a normal 
diet. The obese mice recovered from acute hypoxia five times faster 
than the mice fed normal diets.

In a second experiment, Freund and Sherry examined macrophages -- 
immune cells -- that were resident in fat tissue from both groups of 
mice. In mice fed the high-fat diet, there was a very significant 
increase in interleukin-1 receptor as compared to mice fed the normal diet.

"Our hypothesis is that the macrophages from animals fed the high-fat 
diet are making more interleukin-1 receptor because they're 'living' 
in an environment of significantly increased leptin," Sherry said.

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