> citizens, and not permanent resident green card holders, would that
> count as discrimination of some kind?
>
> On a recruiter's website, their online application asks "Do you have a
> Social Security card or an Alien Registration card (Green card)?"
Definitely not discriminatory. Employees are required to prove they are able to work in the U.S. legally prior to employment. That would include visa sponsorship, for instance. Companies are not required to sponsor anyone, so they ask US citizen or green card holder only to make clear they will not sponsor employees.
Companies ask this question as a disqualifier so they can quickly knock people off the candidate list. For recruiters or companies that have their own recruiting groups, paring down the initial candidate list with questions like this is an essential tool for weeding out resumes while complying with federal hiring guidelines. Any reason they can find for quickly knocking a candidate out is used.
For instance, "must have 10 years management and budget responsibility experience" is an easy way to knock out younger candidates for management jobs. They can't knock out someone for being young, that's illegal, so they go after the experience angle instead. It's partially legit, and in my opinion partially a shell game used to get around the rules.
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