Actually, a genetic roll of the dice determines the sex of a fetus. The female has two X chromosomes. The sperm donor, or sire, has only one X and a Y that is only half the size or so of the X. Nature rolls the dice at conception and decides which of the two female X's and which of the two male, an X or a Y, will combine in the ova to produce the fetus. If it is XX it's a female and if it is XY it is a male. Mendel's Law says that that, out of 100 puppies bred, approximately half should be male and half should be female. In humans there are slightly more males (1%) born than females but more females grow up. I have never heard this said about dogs. If it is true, then it would be only one percent more. If you have bred one hundred pups, you might like to check your records to see if this supposition proves to be correct.
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