FrankYang0529 commented on PR #76279:
URL: https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/76279#issuecomment-6624095494

   Thanks, I agree that stability matters here. I checked three things.
   
   - Each runner runs one job at a time. GitHub's docs say that [each standard 
GitHub-hosted runner is a new virtual 
machine](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/concepts/runners/github-hosted-runners#overview-of-github-hosted-runners),
 and that [each runner can run a single job at a 
time](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/get-started/understand-github-actions#runners).
 RunsOn's docs say that RunsOn starts [a fresh, ephemeral EC2 runner for every 
job](https://runs-on.com/docs/). In the PROD build job, no other step runs at 
the same time as the export step. Also, with `-T0`, zstd tries to detect the 
number of physical CPU cores and uses that many threads. So zstd should not 
start more threads than the machine has cores.
   - The same command already runs at scale. The CI image build has used `zstd 
-6 -T0` since #73997 was merged on 2026-10-01.
   - zstd needs less CPU time in total than the old deflate compression. On my 
laptop, I compressed a 3.0 GB tar of a Python virtualenv. `zstd -6` used about 
17 s of CPU time, both with 1 thread and with 4 threads. `gzip -6` uses the 
same deflate algorithm and level as the old stash compression, and it used 55 s 
of CPU time on one core.


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