For a while now our server has been seeing a lot of brute force 
authentication attacks.  Of course the source of these attacks is 
constantly changing.  My firewall (pfSense) is running Snort and I am 
using the following custom rules to help.

alert tcp $SMTP_SERVERS 25 -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"SMTP AUTH brute 
force attack"; content:"535 Authentication failed."; nocase; 
classtype:attempted-user; threshold:type threshold, track by_src, count 
2, seconds 60; sid:1000500; rev:6;)

alert tcp $SMTP_SERVERS 25 -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"SMTP ERROR 
potential spam or malware bot"; content:"502 ESMTP command error"; 
nocase; classtype:policy-violation; threshold:type threshold, track 
by_src, count 2, seconds 60; sid:1000501; rev:4;)

alert tcp $SMTP_SERVERS 25 -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"SMTP SPAMHAUS 
potential spam or malware bot"; content:"511 https://www.spamhaus.org";; 
nocase; classtype:policy-violation; threshold:type threshold, track 
by_src, count 1, seconds 60; sid:1000502; rev:4;)

alert tcp $SMTP_SERVERS 25 -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"SMTP SPAM detected 
spam or malware bot"; content:"554 Mail rejected - spam detected"; 
nocase; classtype:policy-violation; threshold:type threshold, track 
by_src, count 1, seconds 60; sid:1000503; rev:2;)

This is working fairly well.  However, it would also be good to 
immediately block an IPs when an invalid user name is specified.  I have 
looked at Fail2Ban which does a similar operation to what I'm doing 
(except on the mail server's firewall).  Is there anything more 
sophisticated or a better approach to solving this problem?

-Nathan


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