Dear both,
I early times before the first ISO version (pre 2004) the name of the class E70 
Thing was E70 Stuff. It was changed because, according to Nick Crofts, the term 
'stuff' could not be translated properly into French. If you check CIDOC CRM 
version 3.4.9  you will see that. Personally,  I think that was a bad decision. 
 Shakespeare writes "The stuff dreams are made of". "Thing" is a bad choice 
since it may be confused with "Object".

Best,
Christian-Emil
________________________________
Fra: Crm-sig <[email protected]> på vegne av George Bruseker via 
Crm-sig <[email protected]>
Sendt: onsdag 10. desember 2025 10:49
Til: Dominic Oldman <[email protected]>
Kopi: [email protected] <[email protected]>
Emne: Re: [Crm-sig] E24 Physical Human -Made Thing

Dear Dominic,

Yes this is as it should be. This class is the super set of the human made 
object and human made feature. As such its instances include both of its child 
classes’ instances. It represents what they share in common which is 
essentially being a physical kind of thing and being the kind of thing made by 
humans. It is also stated by the ontology that this then is from where you can 
begin to speak of representations. According to crm representations are only 
made by humans.

So if you need to talk about things that are movable you hop down to e22 and if 
you are needing to make statements about things that are features hop down to 
e25.

E24 is a class that likely isn’t invoked much directly but rather serves to 
support the representation of some things that are common in its child classes.

Linked.art takes the decision to not split the hairs about whether a thing can 
be moved or not (since ultimately anything likely could be moved with a little 
imagination) and uses e22. But for some e25 serves useful purposes for 
indicating the physical objects that inhere in other objects.

Is that helpful or addressing the direction of your question or did you have 
something else in mind?

Best

George

George Bruseker, PhD
Chief Executive Officer
Takin.solutions Ltd.
https://www.takin.solutions/


On Wed, Dec 10, 2025 at 10:17 AM Dominic Oldman via Crm-sig 
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Dear SIG,

The scope note for E24 says,

"This class comprises all persistent physical items of any size that are 
purposely created by human activity. This class comprises, besides others, 
human-made objects, such as a sword, and human-made features, such as rock art. 
For example, a “cup and ring” carving on bedrockis regarded as an instance of 
E24 Physical Human-Made Thing."

Is this right/misleading?

If it includes objects then why can't they be moved? The note includes items 
that might be considered objects - they are usually defined in E22 or E18  -  
items which have "physical boundaries that separate them completely in an 
objective way from other objects."  This explains the difference between a 
carving on a wall and a movable object. If the carving is cut out of the wall 
then it gets sound physical boundaries and can be moved.

Cheers,

Dominic





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