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http://www.sundayherald.com/25366

Sunday Herald - 09 June 2002

UK sells chemical weapons to the world
Breaking international law, Britain exports lethal TCPs to Iran, Sudan, Libya and 
Israel
Exclusive by Neil Mackay




BRITAIN is supplying chemical warfare technology to 26 countries including Libya, 
Syria,
Israel and Iran -- which was labelled part of the 'axis of evil' by the United States.

A Sunday Herald investigation has revealed that the UK is allowing the export of the 
lethal
chemicals, which are illegal under international law and controlled under the chemical
weapons convention because they can be used in weapons of mass destruction.

The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), which authorised the sales, has admitted 
that
it does not know whether the exports will be used to create chemical weapons once they
are exported, or not.

Among the countries to which Britain is exporting 'toxic chemical precursors' (TCPs) is
Sudan. The US bombed a factory in the Sudanese capital Khartoum in 1998 with the full
support of the Blair government for allegedly producing the deadly VX nerve agent.

The UK is also exporting chemical weapons technology to countries that are not 
signatories
to the chemical weapons convention and therefore do not recognise the international ban
on chemical warfare.

Sudan and Jordan, which the UK also exports to, have signed the convention but not 
ratified
it, making the treaty virtually meaningless there. The other nations Britain exports 
TCPs to
are: Cyprus, India, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia,
Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Turkey, Uganda and Yemen.

TCPs are known as 'dual-use chemicals' as they can be used for harmless activities like
farming or adapted or turned into chemical weapons. The DTI admitted the sales were on-
going, but said the weapons were sold 'in the belief' that they would be used 
'benignly' in
agriculture or as detergents.

The DTI said it relied on assurances from foreign governments in the form of 'end user
undertakings' that they would not use British TCPs to make chemical weapons. A
spokesman agreed that this was in effect nothing more than a promise that could be
broken.

'We aim to minimise risk,' the spokesman said, 'but obviously it is very difficult to 
say what
happens to these things once they get to their final destinations. It is impossible to 
clamp
down 100%. It is impossible to know what happens to them in the stages that come after
they leave Britain.

Labour MP Ann Clwyd, who sits on international development, human rights and arms
export committees, is to raise the Sunday Herald investigation with the Prime Minister 
in the
Commons.

She wants the Arms Export Bill, which is currently going through parliament, to be 
amended
to give MPs the right to scrutinise and approve all weapons exports before they leave 
the
UK. The government has so far refused to give MPs these powers.

She said claims by the DTI that it monitored chemical sales were 'a myth' and 'did not 
stand
up to scrutiny'. Clwyd added: 'We have no idea what happens with these chemicals when
they get to their final destination. If we are going to sell these things we have to 
be 100%
sure what happens to them when they are sold. If we can't be sure, we shouldn't sell
them.'

Clwyd accused the government of having a 'skewed morality', adding that the suspicion 
now
hung over the Blair government that it was 'aiding and abetting dodgy regimes in the
development of weapons of mass destruction'.

Professor Julian Perry Robinson, a chemist at the Science and Technology Research Unit 
at
Sussex University, said TCPs were the main constituent of chemical weapons. Robinson,
who worked on the drafting of the chemical weapons con vention and is a member of its 
UK
National Authority Advisory Committee said reve lations about trade in TCPs were of 
great
public concern. He explained how one TCP, dimethyl methylphosphonate, could easily be
turned into lethal sarin nerve gas -- the same agent used by the Aum Shinrikyo cult to 
kill
12 people on the Tokyo subway system in 1995.

Robinson said it was easy for countries buying chemicals from the UK to lie about 
their end
use, and backed calls for parliamentary scrutiny of export licences, saying: 'It is 
impossible
to say whether the current safeguards work.'

Richard Bingley, of the group Campaign Against the Arms Trade, warned that Britain was
selling chemical weapons technology to regimes that could one day turn the capabilities
Britain is giving to them back against it and its allies.

l The revelations of Britain's trade in chemical warfare follow an anti-arms trade demo
nstration outside 10 Downing Street yesterday. Prot esters were calling for a ban on
weapons sales from the UK to India and Pakistan as the two nations teeter on the brink 
of
war.

Britain's Chemical Bazaar

Should the government step in to stop British firms selling arms abroad? Air your 
views in
the forum



Copyright � 2002 smg sunday newspapers ltd. no.176088

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