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Chances of Rescue 'Not Good' for Russian Nuke Sub Stuck on Ocean Floor
Updated Monday, August 14, 2000
Time may be running out for the crew members of the Russian nuclear submarine
trapped 480 feet down in the frigid waters of the Barents Sea Monday, amid
speculation that the sinking was caused by a "serious" collision with another
vessel.

Reuters

This photo shows a Russian Oscar-class nuclear submarine, similar to the
submarine stuck in the Barents Sea


[Unable to display image]



Russia's Interfax news agency quoted a source at the headquarters of Russia's
North Sea fleet as saying some of the 107 to 130 crew members of the nuclear
submarine Kursk might have been killed in the initial collision.

The Kursk was also reportedly running only on battery fuel to provide oxygen
and heat.

The military has not said exactly what caused the Kursk crew to decide to
ground the vessel and turn off its nuclear reactor, but Tass quoted Russian
navy commander Admiral Vladimir Kuroyedov as saying the Kursk bore the marks
of a "big and serious collision."

FOX FAST FACTS
The Kursk, built in 1994, is one of the newest vessels in the Russian navy.
The Kursk is a 14000-ton Oscar II-class vessel, 508 feet long and 30 feet
wide.
It is reportedly 480 feet underwater, which makes any rescue operation
difficult because of the enormous water pressure.
The Russian Navy says the Kursk was not carrying any nuclear weapons and that
its two nuclear reactors have been shut down.

"The chances for a positive outcome are not very high," Kuroyedov was quoted
as saying.

The condition of the crew was unknown. The navy said at first that it was in
radio contact with the submarine, but later admitted that there was only
"acoustic contact" that could be the noise of crewmen pounding on the hull.

The Kursk plunged to the floor of the Barents Sea, in arctic waters bordering
the northwest coast of Russia and the northern tip of Norway, while taking
part in a major naval exercise Sunday.

Initial reports from the Defense Ministry said the front torpedo tubes
flooded after torpedoes were fired in the training exercise.

The submarine was being examined by deep-water apparatus late Monday and a
decision on how to conduct a rescue would likely be made only Tuesday,
according to Russian news reports. A team of ship designers was rushed to the
area to help suggest ways to rescue the crew.

Kuroyedov didn't specify what could have collided with the submarine, but
Itar-Tass quoted a Russian navy source as saying the vessel may have collided
with a foreign submarine.

Cat-and-Mouse Games

At the Pentagon, spokesman Rear Adm. Craig Quigley would only say the
Pentagon has "no indication that a U.S. vessel was involved in this
accident."

Russian and Western submarines sometimes play cat-and-mouse games in the area
and have scraped each other in the past, according to reports.

All major Russian naval exercises are closely monitored by the U.S. and other
Western warships. A U.S. surveillance ship, the USNS Loyal, was monitoring
the Russian naval exercise.

Quigley said the U.S. military has not been asked to assist. Although the
U.S. Navy has submarine rescue vessels, their hatches are compatible only
with U.S.-made submarines and could not be used in this case.

Rescue Procedures Unclear

The submarine can normally stay underwater for about 100 days, but was
reportedly running out of oxygen and heat after the accident.

At the scene, a task force of eight warships — including five surface vessels
and three submarines — was sent to the area off Russia's northwest coast. A
rescue ship lowered a "bell" onto the deck of the submarine trapped and began
supplying the trapped vessel with oxygen, the Defense Ministry said.

Standard rescue procedures call for the crew to be rescued using the "bell"
or "capsule" which is lowered onto the hatch of the submarine. An
alternative, considered extremely difficult, would be for the crewmembers to
swim out of the torpedo tubes into the deep, Arctic waters.

"The situation is extremely negative," Vladimir Gundarov, a submarine
specialist at Red Star, the official daily newspaper of the Russian military,
said.

The Russian navy does not have advanced submarine rescue vessels, according
to standard naval reference works.

Sub Not Carrying Any Nuclear Weapons

The Kursk was built in 1994 and went into service in 1995, making it one of
the newest vessels in the Russian navy. It is a nuclear strategic submarine
that can carry up to 24 nuclear surface-to-surface missiles, used mainly in
combat with ships.

Earlier Monday, navy spokesman Igor Dygalo said the Oscar-class submarine was
not carrying any nuclear weapons and there was no immediate danger of
radiation leaks or an explosion. The vessel's two nuclear reactors had been
shut down, he said.

The Russian navy denied there was any increase in radiation levels from the
sub — but the Norwegian defense Ministry is monitoring levels around the sub
which is in international waters north-east of the Russian port of Murmansk.

Russian Navy in Shambles

Russian nuclear submarines have been involved in a string of accidents in
recent decades.

In the last major accident involving one of Moscow's nuclear submarines, the
Komsomolets sank in April 1989 after catching fire 210 miles north of Norway.
Forty-two of the 69 Soviet sailors aboard died in the accident.

The Russian military, including the navy, is in shambles, with no regular
maintenance of weapons and other equipment. Many warships do not receive the
regular servicing needed to keep them seaworthy, according to navy officers
and veterans.

The Izvestia newspaper reported recently that, according to the most
conservative estimate, 507 submarine crew members have died during the
40-year history of Russian nuclear submarines.

— The AP and Reuters contributed to this report.




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