Hello gentlemen,

having spent a lot of years as a facility manager with experience in 
machine control technology I'm trying to bring light into this guessworking.

The CAN-Bus (Controller Area Network) has been developed by Bosch being the 
largest supplier of automotive parts in the world and Intel being the most 
potent chip producer. They both wanted to set a standard in order to 
prevent wild diversification of the market.

Besides in cars it is also used in medicine technology, fabric production, 
and general machine automation, anywhere, in order to act and react very 
fast by means of very short messages (8 Bytes). It is actually a serial 
multimaster protocol (field bus) and is topologically transported by RS 485 
(screened twisted pair cable, Cat5 or better). It is standardized as ISO 
11989  since about 1990.

There can be as many as 255 participants (computers, actors, sensors) on 
the bus, date rate ranges from 50kBit/s to max. 1 MBit/s. Wire lenght 
ranges from 800 to 40 m, correspondingly.

There is a user group called "CAN in Automation" (CiA) founded in 1992. 
Network access is similar to CSMA/CD. All connected subsystems may work 
indepentently. They have no addresses. In data transmission the telegrams 
bear an identifier describing the kind of value transmitted, e.g. a 
temperature number, and defining its priority. This is different from other 
bus systems like IEEE (HP-bus) where stations are addressed by a telegram 
prefix. As soon as one CAN chip starts transmitting al others are switched 
to listeners. The listeners read the telegram and decide if it is relevant 
to them or not.

The maximum date speed is guaranteed only for  telegrams with maximum 
priority. For all other signals no transmission rate can be predicted, 
therefore the CAN bus is not applicable for real time purposes.

I hope to have helped to clarify the issue.
Peter Blodow


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