Dear Working Group Members,
You have sent many suggestions for resources to the Working Group. We have
compiled them here for the period 4-10 March. We hope these resources will
be useful in your efforts to end violence against women.
Thanks again for all your messages!
Warm regards,
the Moderators
******************
RESOURCES SUBMITTED TO
THE END-VIOLENCE WORKING GROUP
4 - 10 MARCH 2002
Contents
A. INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY 2002
1. Message from the UNESCO Director-General
2. Joint International Women's Day declaration by three Special Rapporteurs
for women's rights
3. Violence Against Women - A Hidden Form of Human Rights Abuse (Amnesty
International)
4. African Women Denied Rights, Targets of Violence
5. Kenya: Rape - the Invisable Crime
6. Gender Equality, Women's Empowerment Vital Tools for Sustainable
Development Says UN Secretary-General, in message on International Women's Day
7. Capitol Hill Discussion on Women, Islam and Fundamentalism
in Observance of International Woman's Day (15 March)
B. CALL FOR PAPERS
8. off our backs, the United State's, longest surviving feminist
publication is seeking manuscripts
C. CAMPAIGNS
9. SADC: Commitment to Legislating Gender
10. Four Women Flogged in Iran
D. NEW PUBLICATIONS
11. New Annotated Bibliography: Sexuality and Human Rights
12. New Documents in the Violence Against Women Online Resources, Minnesota
Center Against Violence and Abuse
************************************************************
A. INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY 2002
1. JOINT INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY DECLARATION BY THREE
SPECIAL RAPPORTEURS FOR WOMEN'S RIGHTS
March 12, 2002
Three Special Rapporteurs on Women's Rights (from the UN Commission on
Human Rights, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and African
Commission on Human and People's Rights) met for the first time in
Montreal on 28 February and 1 March, 2002, under the auspices of the
International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development (Rights
& Democracy), to identify avenues of collaboration on issues of common
concern.
The three Special Rapporteurs then issued the following Joint
Declaration for International Women's Day, March 8, 2002.
"Recalling that women's rights are human rights, we, the Special
Rapporteurs, reaffirm our commitment to international standards of
women's rights contained in, inter alia:
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights;
The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;
The UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women;
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against
Women and its Optional Protocol;
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court;
The American Convention on Human Rights and its Additional Protocol in
the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;
The American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man;
The Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and
Eradication of Violence against Women (Convention of Belem do Par�);
The African Charter on Human and Peoples� Rights, and
The 1999 Grand Baie Declaration and Plan of Action on human rights."
"We affirm that these international and regional instruments provide
comprehensive protection against gender-based violence and
discrimination against women. We call on all States that have not yet
done so to ratify the relevant treaties and to ensure compliance with
international norms."
"We emphasize that violence against women is understood as violence
perpetrated by any person within the home and the family, and within the
community, as well as that perpetrated or condoned by the State,
including during armed conflict. Violence against women is a
manifestation of discrimination based on gender. We reaffirm that the
right of every woman to be free from violence includes the right to be
free from such discrimination and to enjoy equal protection under the
law."
"We recognize the diversity among women and the right of people in
community and with other members of their group to enjoy their own
culture. We recognize the particularities in the different regions
regarding the application of women's rights. However, States must not
invoke any custom, tradition or religious consideration to avoid their
obligations with respect to the elimination of violence and
discrimination against women. All women have the right to live in
freedom, equality and dignity."
"Violence against women and girls is perpetrated in every country in the
world. This occurs in situations of peace and conflict. However, the
State agents and private actors responsible are not held to account.
This climate of impunity encourages the persistence of such violations.
We urge States to take immediate action to end such impunity and to
bring perpetrators to justice."
"We reiterate that international standards of human rights protect women
from violence and discrimination by private non-State actors. States
have a duty to take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination
against women by any person, organization or enterprise. States are held
to a due diligence standard to prevent, prosecute and punish those who
commit violence against women and to take measures to permanently
eradicate violence against women in their societies."
"While the international and regional communities have established
standards to prevent, punish and eradicate violence and discrimination
against women, many States have yet to take the steps necessary to
implement these standards in domestic legislation and practices. We urge
States to take appropriate action to bring their laws and practices into
conformity with these standards."
"We highlight the fact that women who have been subjected to violence
and discrimination generally lack access to effective judicial
protection and remedies. Strategies must be implemented that involve law
reform and, in particular, reform of the criminal justice system.
Training is required for policy makers, police, judges, and prosecutors.
There must also be provision of legal, medical and psychological
counseling and adequate social services for the victims. States should
use the education system and awareness-raising campaigns aimed at the
general public to assist them in implementing international standards at
the national level."
"In light of these shared concerns we undertake to coordinate our
efforts to achieve greater effectiveness in our work through: (a)
exchange of information, including on laws and cases, as well as
mission-related information; (b) sharing ideas and strategies on how to
approach emerging issues and the violation of women�s rights; (c)
harmonizing our recommendations to States; (d) communicating regularly
with regional and international NGOs, women�s organizations and other
representatives of civil society for whom the promotion and protection
of women's human rights are central objectives. We undertake to keep
each other informed of the latest developments."
Signed
Ms. Radhika COOMARASWAMY
Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and its
consequences, UN Commission on Human Rights
Ms. Marta ALTOLAGUIRRE
Special Rapporteur on Women's Rights
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
Ms. Angela MELO
Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa,
African Commission on Human and People's Rights
---------
2. MESSAGE FROM THE UNESCO DIRECTOR-GENERAL
On 8 March 2002, the international community will again
observe International Women's Day. Within the framework of the
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-violence for the
Children of the World (2001-2010), my message this year will focus on
the theme of violence against women, with particular reference to its
impact on children.
Countless acts of violence afflicting women and children in both
developed and developing countries still persist, ranging from
domestic violence, battering, marital rape and dowry-related violence
to pre-natal sex selection in favour of male babies, female
infanticide, sexual abuse, female genital mutilation, sexual
harassment, and sexual exploitation, including trafficking and forced
prostitution. Moreover, in situations of armed conflict, women and
girls are increasingly targeted for attack, mistreatment and, in some
circumstances, systematic rape. As refugees, women are particularly
vulnerable to sexual violence while in flight, in refugee camps
and/or during resettlement.
Violence against women and girls occurs in all countries, in all
regions, and in every segment of society, though the forms and
incidence of such violence are variable. Often, violence is not
random - women and girls are victims simply because they are female.
Thus, gender-based violence is an expression of gender inequality but
it also may serve to bolster wider patterns of gender discrimination
and injustice. Too often, violence is visited upon women as though it
were a right of men to inflict it and the obligation of women to
suffer it. Such thinking must be rejected categorically.
In recent years, the existence of gender-based violence has gained
greater public acknowledgement in many countries but denial of its
scope and seriousness remains widespread. Its victims, moreover, may
prefer silence, especially when prevailing social customs, powerful
institutions and the legal system do little or nothing to afford
protection. I appeal, therefore, to governments, civil society
organizations and the international community to promote respect for
internationally recognized principles, norms and standards of human
rights, particularly women's rights and children's rights which are
an inalienable and integral part of universal human rights. And I
appeal for greater and more open debate as well as stronger action
concerning violence against women. That action, let me add, must
include preventive education.
Gender-based violence has immediate and far-reaching consequences
affecting women's and children's development, health, mental and
physical well-being, and life prospects. By 'children', of course, we
mean both boys and girls, whether they are the direct victims of
violence or are exposed to it. Despite its pervasive presence in
human history, we are only just beginning to reach a fuller
understanding of the causes and effects of violence. Much more
research and investigation are needed if we are to understand how
violence affects the behaviour, emotions, attitudes and personal
development of its direct victims and its witnesses.
However, crucial though they are, increased knowledge and
understanding are not enough, nor should they be the first response.
The key immediate action in all cases is to stop the violence before
it does any further damage. Violence feeds upon itself and therefore
has the potential to escalate. Stopping the violence, therefore, is
urgent and vital. But it too is not enough. For the cycle of violence
to be decisively broken, its recurrence must be prevented. This
applies as much to political violence as it does, say, to domestic
violence. Effective prevention must take specific and appropriate
forms but a factor common to many different approaches is the
strengthening of the resilience and coping capacity of the victims of
violence. UNESCO believes that supportive learning environments are
very important in this regard, as are particular strategies for
promoting peace, conflict resolution, human rights, tolerance and
democracy through education.
Without in any way diminishing the importance of other situations
around the world, allow me to take the example of Afghanistan, where
until recently women and girls were victims of systematic
marginalization and discrimination at the hands of the Taliban
regime. Afghanistan under the Taliban became justifiably notorious
for its denial of women's fundamental human rights, particularly the
right to education, health and work. Today, thanks to recent
developments, new opportunities are becoming available to Afghan
women so they may regain their rightful position in society and
become equal partners in the tasks of reconstruction. Women are
reclaiming their rights to education and employment, schools for
girls are reopening and women are returning to their former jobs.
In whatever way it can, UNESCO is supporting these efforts,
recognizing that Afghan women themselves must take the lead in
identifying their own needs and priorities. The end of all forms of
gender-based violence is likely to figure prominently among those
priorities. The collapse of the Taliban regime has removed a major
impediment to Afghan women's recovery of their rights but other
obstacles stubbornly remain. The return of peace and security in
Afghanistan is essential for all other efforts aimed at recovery and
reconstruction. But real peace and security will not return to Afghan
women until the tolerance of violence in the culture and in the
society is uprooted.
Violence against women and children is not a "women's issue". Indeed,
as an issue of equality and equity, it concerns us all. Both men and
women must work side by side in support of increased recognition and
respect of the equal role and rights of each other. A member of an
Afghan women's group described this recently in simple, yet moving
words: "Society is like a bird. It has two wings. And a bird cannot
fly if one wing is broken. Let us resolve to ensure that all
societies fly with both wings, of equal strength and with equal
dignity".
Ko�chiro Matsuura
----------
3. PRESS RELEASE FROM AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL:
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN - A HIDDEN FORM OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSE
* News Release Issued by the International Secretariat of Amnesty
International *
8 March 2002
ACT 77/003/2002
42/02
Melbourne: "Violence against women is one of the most pervasive
yet hidden forms of human rights abuse throughout the world,"
Amnesty International's Secretary General Irene Khan said today
on International Women's Day.
"In conflicts, during political instability, in state custody and
in the home and community, women's physical, mental and sexual
integrity remain at risk in all regions of the world and under
the rule of governments of different political persuasions."
In Turkey, around 200 girls are killed in the name of honour
every year. Judges have ruled that sentences could be reduced as
the murdered woman had "provoked" the crime.
In the USA, there are continuing reports of mental, physical and
sexual abuse as well as medical neglect in women's prisons.
Military action in Afghanistan focussed world attention on the
Taleban's repression of women. Meanwhile the repression of women
in nearby counties such as Saudi Arabia and Pakistan remains
largely unscrutinised.
"The international community has taken up the cases of some forms
of violence against women but regularly fails to address others,
turning a blind eye when international politics make it
inconvenient, or the local situation makes it appear 'too
difficult'," Ms Khan said.
"It highlights one of the greatest challenges facing women's
rights activists today ? the fleeting, tokenistic interest that
governments take in women's human rights."
In Australia to commemorate International Women's Day, Ms Khan
said that women fleeing violence are too often not given adequate
protection.
"Women asylum seekers are more likely to have claims based on
violations occurring in the "private" sphere, yet many
governments do not regard gender-based violations, such as
domestic violence, sexual trafficking and rape, as a basis for
refugee protection."
"Governments have a responsibility to protect women from human
rights abuses both at that hands of their own officials and in
the community and home."
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4. AFRICAN WOMEN DENIED RIGHTS, TARGETS OF VIOLENCE
East African women's organizations decry ongoing violence against women and
girls in the region, and reveal new "patriarchal" attacks that pretend to be
asserting traditional African values but merely mask men's dismay at women's
progress.
From: United Nations' Integrated Regional Information
http://www.reliefweb.int/ IRIN Network, March 8 2002
-----------
5. KENYA: RAPE - THE INVISIBLE CRIME
* News Release Issued by the International Secretariat of Amnesty
International *
8 March 2002
AFR 32/007/2002
39/02
"The Kenyan government has failed in its human rights obligations
towards one half of its citizens and should urgently reform its
laws and practices to end the impunity of those who commit
violence against women," Amnesty International said today in a
new report on Kenya.
The report -- Kenya: Rape - the invisible crime -- looks
at violence, particularly sexual violence, against women and
focuses on rape committed by both security officials and private
individuals . It examines why women subjected to violence are
inadequately protected by the law and why those who commit
violence against women continue to operate with impunity.
Its conclusion is rather sobering. Every day, women are
physically and sexually abused in all social and ethnic groups
all over Kenya. It is a crime that shocks and traumatizes the
victim, and undermines the status of women in society. Yet, it is
largely suffered in silence.
Victims of rape often face insurmountable obstacles in
trying to bring perpetrators to justice. Many women who have been
victims of rape or other forms of sexual abuse are too
intimidated by certain cultural attitudes and state inaction to
seek redress. To do so can often lead to hostility from the
family, the community and the police, with little hope of
success. Those who do seek justice are confronted by a system
that ignores, denies and even condones violence against women,
and protects perpetrators, whether they are state officials or
private individuals," Amnesty international said.
Amnesty International believes that acts of violence
against women constitute torture for which the state is
accountable when they are of such nature and severity envisaged
by the concept of torture in international standards and the
state has failed to fulfill its obligation to provide effective
protection, investigation and prosecution.
"Rape is torture when the state has failed in its
responsibilities to protect, investigate and provide redress to
women victims. The Kenyan government should reform both its laws
and practices to end impunity for violence against women, and to
conform with its obligations under international humanitarian
law," Amnesty International said.
The government has consistently stated its intention to
promote gender equality through legislation, but has failed to
implement constitutional provisions, failed to incorporate into
domestic law any of the international instruments that it has
ratified and that promote and protect women's rights.
The Penal Code does not recognize marital rape as a
criminal offence because of the presumption, especially in
criminal law, that consent to sexual intercourse is given by the
act of marriage. No legal challenge to this presumption has been
made through the courts in Kenya. The lesser charge of assault
is more commonly used in marital rape cases, carrying with it a
lower maximum sentence.
"Despite its moral and legal obligations, the government
has not reformed Kenya's laws to make all acts of violence
against women criminal offences, nor has it addressed the
discriminatory practices of the police force, prisons services
and court system, It is the failure of the state to take action
against such abuses, whether they are committed by state
officials or private individuals, that allows them to continue
and operate with impunity. The state has a responsibility to take
action in order to protect women from continuing violence,
Amnesty International said.
Among the cases raised in Amnesty International's report
are those of Mary, Agnes and Louise who all have several things
in common. They have each been badly beaten by men in their
families. They each say they have been raped by those men. They
have suffered for years with no prospect of help from the
authorities. The police are unwilling to become involved in cases
of domestic violence and are biased against women, particularly
poor women, and there are no state facilities to protect women
fleeing domestic violence.
While women's achievements are being celebrated all over
the world on International Women's Day today, women who continue
to be raped and beaten and denied their basic rights - whether by
state officials or family members - must not be forgotten.
"The year 2002 will see both presidential and legislative
elections in Kenya. Members of parliament, voters and women in
Kenya should do everything in their power to make women's rights
a top priority on the election agenda and ensure that candidates
are gender-sensitive in both their policies and attitudes," the
organization said.
The report is available
at:http://web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/recent/afr320012002
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6. GENDER EQUALITY, WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT VITAL TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT SAYS UN SECRETARY-GENERAL, IN MESSAGE ON INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY
http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2002/sgsm8141.doc.htm
27 February 2002
Following is the text of the message of Secretary-General Kofi Annan on
International Women's Day, which is observed 8 March:
The Millennium Declaration has given us an overriding mission for the
twenty-first century. As we pursue that agenda and work for freedom from
fear, freedom from want, and protection of the resources of this planet,
our guiding motto is clear: putting people at the centre of everything we
do. Thus, we are resolved to work for gender equality and the empowerment
of women as vital tools to combat poverty and disease, and to achieve
development that is truly sustainable; equally, we are determined to build
on the contribution of women in managing conflict and building peace.
We can and should draw strength from the progress that has taken place in
the past year. In Afghanistan, after years of conflict, hardship and human
rights violations, hope has returned to women and girls who are yet again
exercising their rights to education, work and an active role in society.
At the United Nations, Security Council resolution 1325 of 2000 continues
to inspire Member States to address women, peace and security on several
fronts: to protect women from the impact of armed conflict, but also to
strengthen their role in peace-building and reconstruction. In a growing
number of countries, ratification of the Optional Protocol to the
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
is ensuring the right of women to petition an international body when their
rights are violated. And in the international community as a whole, there
has been growing recognition of the importance of the advancement of women
in the fight against the AIDS epidemic, as reflected in the outcome of the
General Assembly's Special Session on HIV/AIDS
There will be several important opportunities for further progress in the
weeks and months ahead. The International Conference on Finance for
Development and the World Summit on Sustainable Development offer important
opportunities to recognize the central role of women in achieving
sustainable development in a globalizing world. The Second World Assembly
on Ageing will address the dramatic impact on women of global population
ageing, and the need to ensure that all women can age with security and
dignity. And the General Assembly's Special Session on Children is expected
to set specific, time-bound targets for protecting and fulfilling the
rights of all children and women.
On this International Women's Day, as we prepare for the vital challenges
before us, let us all be mindful that the achievement of women's rights is
not the responsibility of women alone -- it is the responsibility of us
all. Let us step up our efforts to create an environment where progress
towards gender equality is not a daily struggle, but a natural part of all
our actions. Let that resolve underpin all our work to translate the
Millennium Declaration into reality.
7. CAPITOL HILL DISCUSSION ON WOMEN, ISLAM AND FUNDAMENTALISM
IN OBSERVANCE OF INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY
The UN Special Representative on Human rights Situation in Iran reported
last week that the conditions faced by women under the fundamentalist rule
in Iran continues to deteriorate.
As part of the fundamentalist agenda, suppression of women in Iran has in
effect been legalized. The US Department of State annual report on human
rights released this week, states that discrimination against women is
reinforced by law through provisions of the Islamic Civil and Penal Codes.
The fundamentalist's rulers of Iran have recently resorted to Public
executions and public floggings of women. Hundreds of young girls have
been flogged in recent months. According to state run media, since the
begging of 2001 six women have been stoned to death.
The suicide rate under the clerical regime is one of the highest in the
world, %75 of the victims are women with the average age of 25. Yet, the
Iranian women are playing the leading role in opposition to the
fundamentalist regime.
There will be a video message from Mrs. Maryam Rajavi, President-elect of
the Iranian Resistance and speeches by members of congress as well as
prominent women's rights activists on fundamentalism as a new global threat.
A new documentary on the situation of women in Iran will be shown.
Date: Friday March 15, 2002
Time: 1:00 p.m.
Place: 2247 Rayburn Office Building, Capitol Hill, Washington D.C.
On behalf of several US and Iranian-Americans women associations, Professor
Donna Hughes, from Women Studies at Rhode Island University, would like to
invite you to attend this meeting.
Sponsors:
-Women Studies program at George Washington University
-Women Studies program at University of Rhode Island
-International Women Tribune Center (IWTC)
-Notional Organization for Women (NOW)
-International Cross- Cultural Black Women's Studies Institute
- Association of Iranian Women USA(AIWUSA)
- Women Human Rights International Association(WHRIA)
- National Committee of Women for Democratic Iran- Washington D.C.(NCWDI)
----------
B. CALL FOR PAPERS
8. OFF OUR BACKS, THE UNITED STATE'S, LONGEST SURVIVING FEMINIST
PUBLICATION IS SEEKING MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSIONS ON TWO TOPICS:
Girls--
How do young girls relate to feminism? What are differences in girls coming
up today from previous times? What are the experiences of young girls today?
What are high school girls facing with regard to dating and relationships?
What fuels the high levels of teen dating violence and how are girls coping
with this? How are girls handling the media images of Britney Spears, etc.?
What are girls' experiences with body image and/or eating disorders? Are
things different for young lesbians than they were in previous years?
Articles written by young and teenage girls encouraged.
Deadline: March 25, 2002
Alternatives to Patriarchy--
What visions for alternatives to patriarchy and other oppressions do we have?
What are positive alternatives that women have been able to create on the
small scale? What kinds of alternative gatherings/communities/possibilities
have women been able to construct? How well do they work? How hard is it to
create alternative realities out of alternative visions? What stymies our
abilities to create viable alternatives? What do you think would a better
world would look like?
Deadline: May 27, 2002
Word length for articles is generally between 500 to 2500 words, although we
can be flexible. We prefer submissions in the form of an email attachment
sent to: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
If you would like additional information, please visit our website for
manuscript submission guidelines at http://www.igc.org/oob/
In sisterhood,
Karla Mantilla
off our backs collective member
--------------
C. CAMPAIGNS
9. SADC: COMMITMENT TO LEGISLATING GENDER
http://www.idea.int/gender/articles/commitments_to_legislating_gender.htm
The SADC Gender and Development Declaration and its addendum on the
prevention and eradication of violence against women and children is set to
gain more prominence in regional and national debates and action, as the
region moves towards the next United Nations Women's Decade in 2005.
Source: Pambazuka News
-------------
10. FOUR WOMEN FLOGGED IN IRAN
On March 9, one day after International Women's Day, officials of the
Islamic regime flogged 4 women in the city centre of Kermanshah for
transgressing Islamic rules. The people in the centre booed officials and
forced them to retreat.**
The IFIR calls on progressive organisations and individuals to protest
these inhumane sentences and brutalities by the Islamic Republic of Iran
and intervene to prevent further tragedies. Faced with a wave of strikes
and industrial unrests especially by teachers and nurses, the Islamic
Republic of Iran has stepped up its repressive measures. We too must step
up our pressure against the regime and in defence of those resisting it.
SEND BY : MARYAM NAMAZIE
Executive Director
International Federation of Iranian Refugees (IFIR)
P. O. Box 27236, London N11 27F
Tel: +44 (0) 7730 107 337
e-mail : [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.hambastegi.org
-------------
D. NEW PUBLICATIONS
11. NEW ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: SEXUALITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS
The International Women's Health Coalition
http://www.iwhc.org
The "Sexuality and Human Rights" Annotated Bibliography provides a
comprehensive introduction to the issues related to sexual rights/sexuality
and human rights. Areas highlighted include sexuality and violence,
refugees/ asylum, reproductive rights, lesbian and gay rights, and
trafficking.
Source: Pambazuka News
----------
12. NEW DOCUMENTS IN THE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ONLINE RESOURCES, MINNESOTA
CENTER AGAINST VIOLENCE AND ABUSE
We are writing to you today to inform you of the release of six new
documents available at Violence Against Women Online Resources (VAWOR)
[http://www.vaw.umn.edu]. This past year, VAWOR commissioned authors to
write unique research manuscripts that address issues related to violence
against women, sexual assault, supervised visitation and trafficking.
VAWOR staff worked jointly with authors, and review teams, to develop
manuscripts that address current gaps in information. The following
documents are available on the Violence Against Women Online Resources
website, in the Commissioned Documents section
[http://www.vaw.umn.edu/commissiondoc.asp]:
1. Considering the Victim in the Implementation of Megan's Laws by
Alexandra Walker
http://www.vaw.umn.edu/FinalDocuments/CommissionedDocs/MegansLaw.asp
2. Domestic Violence Organizations Online: Risks, Ethical Dilemmas, and
Liability Issues by Jerry Finn, Ph.D.
http://www.vaw.umn.edu/FinalDocuments/CommissionedDocs/online_liability.asp
3. Forensic Evidence Collection and Care of the Sexual Assault Survivor:
The SANE-SART Response by Linda E. Ledray, RN, Ph.D, LP, FAAN
http://www.vaw.umn.edu/FinalDocuments/CommissionedDocs/ForensicEvidence.asp
4. Mental Health Services for Rape Survivors: Current Issues in Therapeutic
Practice by Rebecca Campbell, Ph.D.
http://www.vaw.umn.edu/FinalDocuments/CommissionedDocs/campbellfinal.asp
5. Strategies to Improve Supervised Visitation Services in Domestic
Violence Cases by Sharon Maxwell and Karen Oehme, J.D.
http://www.vaw.umn.edu/FinalDocuments/CommissionedDocs/strategies.asp
6. Trafficking of Women, Children and Images for Sexual Exploitation: Focus
on the United States by Donna Hughes, Ph.D.
(forthcoming)
As always, we hope you find these materials informative and invite you to
provide us with your comments or suggestions using the web form at:
[http://www.vaw.umn.edu/mail/]. Thank you for your interest and commitment
to ending violence against women.
Sincerely,
Violence Against Women Online Resources Staff
Violence Against Women Online Resources
Minnesota Center Against Violence and Abuse
School of Social Work, University of Minnesota
1404 Gortner Avenue, Peters Hall, Room 105
St. Paul, MN 55108
tel: 612.624.0721 fax: 612.625.4288
http://www.vaw.umn.edu
***End-violence is sponsored by UNIFEM and receives generous support from
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