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commit b2e2847629ff420cd13f8052c68f52d41975ea6c
Author: Vincent Torri <vincent.to...@gmail.com>
AuthorDate: Sat Jul 29 04:48:56 2023 -0700
Update 'Direct3D 11 for 2D'
---
Direct3D-11-for-2D.md | 582 +-------------------------------------------------
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 580 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Direct3D-11-for-2D.md b/Direct3D-11-for-2D.md
index e24c4e0..b6264a7 100644
--- a/Direct3D-11-for-2D.md
+++ b/Direct3D-11-for-2D.md
@@ -18,583 +18,5 @@ References:
# Table of contents
-1. Tutorial 0: creation of a windows
-2.
-
-# Creating a window
-
-There are numerous tutorials and examples on Internet about creating a window on Windows. So the code is presented below, with some remarks at the end. Here we also use a header file below, `win.h`, which contains structures and interface.
-
-```c
-#ifndef WIN_H
-#define WIN_H
-
-/* comment for no debug informations */
-#define _DEBUG
-
-typedef struct Window Window;
-typedef struct D3d D3d;
-
-struct Window
-{
- HINSTANCE instance;
- RECT rect;
- HWND win;
- D3d *d3d;
- int rotation; /* rotation (clockwise): 0, 1, 2 3 */
- unsigned int fullscreen: 1;
-};
-
-D3d *d3d_init(Window *win, int vsync);
-
-void d3d_shutdown(D3d *d3d);
-
-void d3d_scene_begin(D3d *d3d);
-
-void d3d_scene_end(void);
-
-void d3d_resize(D3d *d3d, int rot, UINT width, UINT height);
-
-void d3d_render(D3d *d3d);
-
-#endif
-```
-
-Here is the corresponding `win.c` file below. The compilation command is at the top of the file.
-
-
-```c
-/*
- * compilation command (Windows 10 or above):
- *
- * gcc -g -O2 -Wall -Wextra -o d3d d3d_0.c win.c -ld3d11 -ld3dcompiler -ldxgi -luuid -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0A00
- *
- * Note: change the d3d_*.c file for each steps of the tutorial
- */
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#endif
-
-#include <windows.h>
-
-#include "win.h"
-
-void window_fullscreen_set(Window *win, unsigned int fullscreen);
-
-void window_rotation_set(Window *win, int rotation);
-
-/************************* Window *************************/
-
-LRESULT CALLBACK
-_window_procedure(HWND window,
- UINT message,
- WPARAM window_param,
- LPARAM data_param)
-{
- switch (message)
- {
- case WM_CLOSE:
- PostQuitMessage(0);
- return 0;
- case WM_KEYUP:
- if (window_param == 'Q')
- {
- PostQuitMessage(0);
- }
- if (window_param == 'F')
- {
- Window *win;
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf("fullscreen\n");
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
- win = (Window *)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA);
- window_fullscreen_set(win, !win->fullscreen);
- }
- if (window_param == 'R')
- {
- Window *win;
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf("rotation\n");
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
- win = (Window *)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA);
- window_rotation_set(win, (win->rotation + 1) % 4);
- }
- if (window_param == 'D')
- {
-/* RECT r; */
-/* Window* win; */
-
-/* #ifdef _DEBUG */
-/* printf("draw texture\n"); */
-/* fflush(stdout); */
-/* #endif */
-/* win = (Window*)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA); */
- }
- if (window_param == 'U')
- {
- RECT r;
- Window* win;
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf("update d3d\n");
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
- win = (Window*)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA);
- GetClientRect(window, &r);
- d3d_resize(win->d3d,
- win->rotation,
- r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top);
- d3d_render(win->d3d);
- }
- return 0;
- case WM_ERASEBKGND:
- /* no need to erase back */
- return 1;
- /* GDI notifications */
- case WM_CREATE:
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf(" * WM_CREATE\n");
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
- return 0;
- case WM_SIZE:
- {
- Window * win;
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf(" * WM_SIZE : %u %u\n", (UINT)LOWORD(data_param), (UINT)HIWORD(data_param));
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
-
- win = (Window *)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA);
- d3d_resize(win->d3d,
- win->rotation,
- (UINT)LOWORD(data_param), (UINT)HIWORD(data_param));
-
- return 0;
- }
- case WM_PAINT:
- {
-#ifdef _DEBUG
- printf(" * WM_PAINT\n");
- fflush(stdout);
-#endif
-
- if (GetUpdateRect(window, NULL, FALSE))
- {
- PAINTSTRUCT ps;
- Window *win;
-
- BeginPaint(window, &ps);
-
- win = (Window *)GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA);
- d3d_render(win->d3d);
-
- EndPaint(window, &ps);
- }
-
- return 0;
- }
- default:
- return DefWindowProc(window, message, window_param, data_param);
- }
-}
-
-Window *window_new(int x, int y, int w, int h)
-{
- WNDCLASS wc;
- RECT r;
- Window *win;
-
- win = (Window *)calloc(1, sizeof(Window));
- if (!win)
- return NULL;
-
- win->instance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
- if (!win->instance)
- goto free_win;
-
- memset (&wc, 0, sizeof (WNDCLASS));
- wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
- wc.lpfnWndProc = _window_procedure;
- wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
- wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
- wc.hInstance = win->instance;
- wc.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
- wc.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
- wc.hbrBackground = NULL;
- wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
- wc.lpszClassName = "D3D";
-
- if(!RegisterClass(&wc))
- goto free_library;
-
- r.left = 0;
- r.top = 0;
- r.right = w;
- r.bottom = h;
- if (!AdjustWindowRectEx(&r,
- WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_SIZEBOX,
- FALSE,
- 0U))
- goto unregister_class;
-
- printf("window new : %d %d %ld %ld", w, h, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top);
- fflush(stdout);
-
- win->win = CreateWindowEx(0U,
- "D3D", "Direct3D",
- WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_SIZEBOX,
- x, y,
- r.right - r.left,
- r.bottom - r.top,
- NULL,
- NULL, win->instance, NULL);
- if (!win->win)
- goto unregister_class;
-
- return win;
-
- unregister_class:
- UnregisterClass("D2D", win->instance);
- free_library:
- FreeLibrary(win->instance);
- free_win:
- free(win);
-
- return NULL;
-}
-
-void window_del(Window *win)
-{
- if (!win)
- return;
-
- DestroyWindow(win->win);
- UnregisterClass("D2D", win->instance);
- FreeLibrary(win->instance);
- free(win);
-}
-
-void window_show(Window *win)
-{
- ShowWindow(win->win, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
-}
-
-void window_fullscreen_set(Window *win, unsigned int on)
-{
- HWND prev;
- DWORD style;
- DWORD exstyle;
- UINT flags;
- int x;
- int y;
- int w;
- int h;
-
- on = !!on;
- if ((win->fullscreen && on) ||
- (!win->fullscreen && !on))
- return;
-
- if (on)
- {
- MONITORINFO mi;
- HMONITOR monitor;
-
- if (!GetWindowRect(win->win, &win->rect))
- {
- printf("GetWindowRect() failed\n");
- return;
- }
-
- monitor = MonitorFromWindow(win->win, MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);
- mi.cbSize = sizeof(MONITORINFO);
- if (!GetMonitorInfo(monitor, &mi))
- return;
-
- style = WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP;
- exstyle = WS_EX_TOPMOST;
- prev = HWND_TOPMOST;
- x = 0;
- y = 0;
- w = mi.rcMonitor.right - mi.rcMonitor.left;
- h = mi.rcMonitor.bottom - mi.rcMonitor.top;
- flags = SWP_NOCOPYBITS | SWP_SHOWWINDOW;
- }
- else
- {
-
- style = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_SIZEBOX;
- exstyle = 0U;
- prev = HWND_NOTOPMOST;
- x = win->rect.left;
- y = win->rect.top;
- w = win->rect.right - win->rect.left;
- h = win->rect.bottom - win->rect.top;
- flags = SWP_NOCOPYBITS | SWP_SHOWWINDOW;
- }
-
- SetLastError(0);
- if (!SetWindowLongPtr(win->win, GWL_STYLE, style) &&
- (GetLastError() != 0))
- {
- printf("SetWindowLongPtr() failed\n");
- return;
- }
- SetLastError(0);
- if (!SetWindowLongPtr(win->win, GWL_EXSTYLE, exstyle) &&
- (GetLastError() != 0))
- {
- printf("SetWindowLongPtr() failed\n");
- return;
- }
- if (!SetWindowPos(win->win, prev, x, y, w, h, flags))
- {
- printf("SetWindowPos() failed\n");
- return;
- }
-
- win->fullscreen = on;
-}
-
-void window_rotation_set(Window *win, int rotation)
-{
- int rdiff;
-
- if (win->rotation == rotation)
- return;
-
- rdiff = win->rotation - rotation;
- if (rdiff < 0) rdiff = -rdiff;
-
- if (rdiff != 2)
- {
- RECT r;
- RECT r2;
- int x;
- int y;
-
- win->rotation = rotation;
-
- if (!GetWindowRect(win->win, &r))
- {
- printf("GetClient failed\n");
- return;
- }
-
- x = r.left;
- y = r.top;
-
- if (!GetClientRect(win->win, &r))
- {
- printf("GetClient failed\n");
- return;
- }
-
- printf(" * win rot : %ld %ld\n", r.bottom - r.top, r.right - r.left);
- fflush(stdout);
-
- r2.left = 0;
- r2.top = 0;
- r2.right = r.bottom - r.top;
- r2.bottom = r.right - r.left;
- if (!AdjustWindowRectEx(&r2,
- WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_SIZEBOX,
- FALSE,
- 0U))
- {
- printf("AdjustWindowRectEx failed\n");
- return;
- }
-
- printf(" * win rot 2 : %ld %ld\n", r2.bottom - r2.top, r2.right - r2.left);
- fflush(stdout);
-
- if (!MoveWindow(win->win,
- x, y,
- r2.right - r2.left, r2.bottom - r2.top,
- TRUE))
- {
- printf("MoveWindow() failed\n");
- return;
- }
- }
-}
-
-int main()
-{
- Window *win;
- D3d *d3d;
- int ret = 1;
-
- /* remove scaling on HiDPI */
- SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext(DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_SYSTEM_AWARE);
-
- win = window_new(100, 100, 800, 480);
- if (!win)
- return ret;
-
- d3d = d3d_init(win, 0);
- if (!d3d)
- {
- printf(" * d3d_init() failed\n");
- fflush(stdout);
- goto del_window;
- }
-
- d3d_scene_begin(d3d);
-
- ret = 0;
-
- SetWindowLongPtr(win->win, GWLP_USERDATA, (LONG_PTR)win);
-
- window_show(win);
-
- /* mesage loop */
- while(1)
- {
- MSG msg;
- BOOL ret;
-
- ret = PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE);
- if (ret)
- {
- do
- {
- if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
- goto beach;
- TranslateMessage(&msg);
- DispatchMessageW(&msg);
- } while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE));
- }
- }
-
- beach:
- d3d_scene_end();
- d3d_shutdown(d3d);
- del_window:
- window_del(win);
-
- return ret;
-}
-```
-
-As you can see, there are some Direct3D function in this code. For now, they are just stub functions. The file is `d3d_0.c`. For each step of the tutorial, the name of the file in the compilation command will need to be changed.
-
-```c
-/*
- * Tutorial part 0
- *
- * Only stub functions, no Direct3D functions yet
- *
- * Compilation:
- *
- * gcc -g -O2 -Wall -Wextra -o d3d_0 d3d_0.c win.c -ld3d11 -ldxgi -luuid -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0A00
- */
-
-#include <stdlib.h> /* calloc() free() */
-#include <stdio.h> /* printf() fflush() */
-
-#define _DEBUG
-
-/* C API for d3d11 */
-#define COBJMACROS
-
-#include <dxgi1_3.h> /* DXGI interface */
-#include <d3d11.h> /* D3D11 interface */
-#include <d3dcompiler.h> /* compilation of shader */
-
-#include "win.h"
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
-# define FCT \
-do { printf(" * %s\n", __FUNCTION__); fflush(stdout); } while (0)
-#else
-# define FCT \
-do { } while (0)
-#endif
-
-struct D3d
-{
- unsigned int vsync : 1;
-};
-
-/************************** D3D11 **************************/
-
-D3d *d3d_init(Window *win, int vsync)
-{
- D3d *d3d;
-
- d3d = (D3d *)calloc(1, sizeof(D3d));
- if (!d3d)
- return NULL;
-
- return d3d;
-
- (void)win;
- (void)vsync;
-}
-
-void d3d_shutdown(D3d *d3d)
-{
- if (!d3d)
- return;
-
- free(d3d);
-}
-
-void d3d_scene_begin(D3d *d3d)
-{
- (void)d3d;
-}
-
-void d3d_scene_end(void)
-{
-}
-
-void d3d_resize(D3d *d3d, int rot, UINT width, UINT height)
-{
- (void)d3d;
- (void)rot;
- (void)width;
- (void) height;
-}
-
-void d3d_render(D3d *d3d)
-{
- (void)d3d;
-}
-```
-
-When the program is launched, you should obtain a window with a white background, like this:
-
-<img alt="tutorial 0" src="" width="30%" height="30%">
-
-Some actions are implemented:
-
-* Press the key 'q' to quit the program.
-* Press the key 'f' to switch fullscreen / windowed mode
-* Press the key 'r' to rotate clock-wise the window with steps of 90 °. This will be useful when something will be drawn in the window. For now, the only change will be the orientation of the window.
-
-Some remarks:
-
-1. The macro _WIN32_WINNT must be set to 0x0A00 in the compilation command to specify the version 10 of Windows (or above).
-2. The macro _DEBUG will be used for Direct3D only.
-3. The High DPI scaling is removed.
-4. The WM_SIZE message will be used to adapt the size of some of the Direct3D objects, namely:
- * the viewport,
- * the swap chain,
- * the render target view.
-5. The WM_PAINT will be used to render the scene.
-6. There are some optimizations to avoid the redraw of the window background when it is resized:
- * the WM_ERASEBKGND massage is managed,
- * the brush of the window class is set to NULL.
+1. [[Tutorial 0: creation of a windows|Direct3D 11 for 2D: Creating a window]]
+2. [[lien page 1|test page 1]]
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