EV Digest 5198

Topics covered in this issue include:

  1) APEC - Dr. Ridley 'future of the electric car' FYI
        by Rod Hower <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  2) Re: new member
        by "Roderick Wilde" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  3) Re: OT: major breakthrough in photovoltaics claimed
        by Ken Trough <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  4) Plus and Minus
        by "Bill Dennis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  5) Re:  OT: major breakthrough in photovoltaics claimed
        by Brian Cole <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  6) RE: Shunts
        by "Chris Robison" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  7) Re: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids
        by "Lawrence Rhodes" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  8) Re: I think I am going to need a lot of lead ...
        by "Lawrence Rhodes" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
  9) Re: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids
        by Chip Gribben <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
 10) Re: Overunity is not possible (Was: Re: Useful Motor tech?  Or Yet Another 
Fraud?)
        by "Lawrence Rhodes" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
 11) Bunch of EV related info from the ET list.
        by "Lawrence Rhodes" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
--- Begin Message ---
Dr. Ridley will also be presenting a seminar on the
future of the electric car at the APEC conference on
March 20, 2006.  
Please go to
http://www.apec-conf.org/2006/APEC06_Plenary.html for
details. Attendance at this plenary session is free.
APEC is the premier conference in power electronics,
and a great place to learn new design techniques, and
meet people from the industry. 

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message --- Hi Randy and welcome. A fun place I always recommend people visit is the EV photo album to see all the varied forms EVs can take. www.evalbum.com

Roderick Wilde
"Suck Amps EV Racing"
www.suckamps.com

----- Original Message ----- From: "randy gardner" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, February 21, 2006 12:00 PM
Subject: new member


hi, i'm new to the site and have a lot of questions to ask, but that can wait for a little while. I don't know very much, that's why i'm here, so don't be surprised if I have really stupid questions. thanks

_________________________________________________________________
On the road to retirement? Check out MSN Life Events for advice on how to get there! http://lifeevents.msn.com/category.aspx?cid=Retirement




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--- Begin Message ---
The IOL:SA is a South African news site, they aren't going to put data in a news article.

Not to mention the fact that the pilot to prove the tech has been ongoing and high public profile for years and is now successfully complete. They are starting commercial manufacturing now. This takes the tech out of the lab and brings it much closer to "real" and "available".

I expect since it is such a poster child project for SA, that most of the panels will go to local projects for a while, but the stated volume of production is pretty high, so there should be panels available for export before long. I am hoping they will be generally available before the end of this year, but I think it depends on local SA demand more than anything else.

-Ken Trough
V is for Voltage
http://visforvoltage.com
AIM/YM - ktrough
FAX/voice message - 206-339-VOLT (8658)

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message ---
When looking at switchmode power supply specs, I see some that will say +24V
and some that say -24V.  What does the + and - mean in these cases?

Thanks.

Bill Dennis

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message ---
> > Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2006 04:28:59 -0800
> Subject: Re: OT: major breakthrough in photovoltaics
> claimed
> To: [email protected]
> From: Ken Trough <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> 
> http://tinyurl.com/n56bj
> >  Looks like a Tilley to me.
> 
> You might want to take another look. This is the
> real deal and many 
> people such as myself have been following this tech
> for years now.

I'd call it irresponsible reporting. Looks to me like
the professor's research is legit.  The 3 paragraphs
reporting on what Prof. Alberts said seem reasonable,
though hardly astounding: "Alberts said the new
panels..."  The rest of the article is bunk.

Some discussion & a link to another article is on
peakoil.com
http://tinyurl.com/hn2sq
-brian

__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam?  Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around 
http://mail.yahoo.com 

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message ---
This is an ignorant question, but I'm curious ... how would the Link1000
react to seeing voltages above 50mv (i.e. currents above 500A)?  I have a
Z2k, which can draw currents up to 1600A from the pack, for a total of
160mv across the shunt as long as it doesn't overheat.  Is this safe for
the device, and will it skew the energy measurement by much?

  --chris



On Tue, February 21, 2006 2:42 pm, Roger Stockton said:
> You might be better off using the 1200A shunt with the 1200A meter and
> the 500A shunt with the Link1000.  You could, for instance, install the
> 1200A shunt and meter in the motor loop and leave the 500A shunt and
> Link1000 on the battery loop.
> ...
> I don't think you need to worry particularly about this.  IIRC, Deltec
> recommends not operating their shunts over 70% of the nominal rating
> continuously as they can overheat and permanently shift, however, most
> EVs don't operate at even 400A for more than a few seconds at a time,
> which the shunt can handle just fine.  Even the occasional excursion to
> 1000A or beyond is unlikely to bother the 500A Deltec shunt since it is
> unlikely to last more than a couple of seconds.  Also, the shift might
> be large enough to be of concern in a laboratory setting but compeletely
> negligible in our EVs.  I think when this subject came up a while ago
> Otmar said he'd been using a 500A Deltec shunt with his Z2K CaPope and
> it was still working fine despite having heated to the point of
> discolouring...
>
> If you are drag racing, and expect to hold 1000A+ for upwards of 10s at
> a time, you might want to upgrade the stock 500A Deltec shunt for one of
> the heavier duty units offered, for instance, by EV Parts.  It is still
> a 500A 50mV shunt, but it is physically larger and capable of handling
> the higher dissipation associated with high currents.
>
>> Would buying a 100mv 1000A shunt been the ticket?
>
> Sure, that would also work.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Roger.
>
>

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message --- When he was Texas Gov. he was much more pro alternate energy. Now that he is a lame duck maybe he will get something constructive done alt. energy wise. Lawrence Rhodes..... ----- Original Message ----- From: "Roderick Wilde" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 20, 2006 1:10 PM
Subject: Re: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids


I can't believe what I just saw on TV. I have been into EVs for over fifteen years and I thought I would never live to see a leader of this country from any party make the gesture I just saw. Bush with his fingers pressed against his forehead and with the other hand gesturing said something like, see, you just plug it in as if to emphasize the simplicity of the action. I almost fell to the round in astonishment. It really doesn't matter if he believes what he is saying or not. Millions of people will see this and will become aware of electrics and plug in hybrids. I know he didn't mention pure EVs but the gesture said it all.

Roderick Wilde, Director
Citizens for Rideable Communities
www.rideablecommunities.org

----- Original Message ----- From: "Marc Geller" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: "RAV4-EV list" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Sent: Monday, February 20, 2006 10:51 AM
Subject: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids


Tuesday President Bush is going to NREL in Golden, Colorado.

He has been touting Plug-in Hybrid vehicles in his recent speeches, including today at Johnson Controls in Wisconsin. Let's push it.

Could some folks in hybrids and EVs appear (I know there's a RAV4 EV or 2 in Colorado) with signs supporting Plug-ins? It might help get the message on the news. (Otherwise, the report could be all Hydrogen and Nuclear, where the bulk of the federal spending goes.)

We need to foment a grassroots movement supporting Bush's call for plug-in hybrids.

Red States Plug In!

Ideas? Questions?

Marc Geller
Plug In America






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--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message --- I've been trying to design a long range ev for quite some time. I've just given up. Use my EV's for around town and vacinity. I have gone WVO for my needs and it's the cheapest way to power a vehicle. I might get into a diesel genset but so far nothing beats a micro turbine. Lawrence Rhodes. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Seth Rothenberg" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 20, 2006 1:43 PM
Subject: Re: I think I am going to need a lot of lead ...


Now, I need to figure out how
much lead I need to make that commute. Based on my experience with the Jet 007, I think that 20 batteries is not enough. I am thinking about 24, 26, or even 28. Can someone give me some better real world guidance on the correct number? Most likely, I won't be able to fit the batteries in the Festiva, so I'll probably have to go for a small pickup loaded with lead. If I was to use 28 batteries in 2 strings of 14 and still run at 84 V, do you think that will work? I need to keep the voltage down because that is only a 36 V motor, and
I don't want to burn it up.

Steve, it sounds like you are in the same EV boat that I am in,
except that I am hoping someone can pull through for me with an
outdoor outlet.

It sounds like you'll be stuck with one of these
pickup truck deals.    Or, add a battery trailer...
Unfortunately, the only things in the EValbum that mention trailers
are electric bikes...

Good luck, let us know how it goes.




--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message --- Let me get this straight. They rehired those 32 laid-off NREL folks two days before Bush is to speak there today. Talk about being political pawns.

Let me guess the next stunt they will pull. Our Commander in Chief will arrive at the NREL labs in the new "Freedom Hybrid" Hummer sporting a military flak jacket with a banner in the background saying "Hybrids for Humanity".

Chip

From: "Roderick Wilde" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids

Chip, it was 32 employees laid off there but they were rehired two days before Bush's visit. Hoowed a thunk it :-)

Roderick Wilde

----- Original Message ----- From: "Chip Gribben" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

Subject: Re: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids


Yea, but there will be 31 less NREL employees there to hear Bush talk since they were laid off last week.

To put things in perspective his initiatives are still stingy and hydrogen is still his number one priority with $289 million for R&D. Compare that to only $192 million for wind and solar energy combined which is less than the cost of a F/A-22 fighter plane.

So far we get whatever is left over with only $30 million for improvements for Plug-In Hybrid battery technology while he's planning on spending $150 for cellulosic ethanol.

Bush still isn't pushing the US automakers on making significant improvement to increase fuel economy. Those improvement alone would save gas considerably.

On a positive note he is getting Plug-in hybrids more publicity.

But where is Chaney besides hunting with his oily friends from Haliburton? Why isn't he out backing Bush on these initiatives? Hmmmm.

So I would remain cautiously optimistic. If you all do go out and support the president in his latest initiatives at NREL ask him to up the ante on Plug-in hybrids, put more pressure on US automakers and hire back those 31 NREL employees who were recently canned.

Chip Gribben

From: Marc Geller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Mon Feb 20, 2006  1:51:22  PM US/Eastern
To: RAV4-EV list <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Pres Bush talks up Plug-in Hybrids


Tuesday President Bush is going to NREL in Golden, Colorado.

--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message --- Overunity is a myth. However sailboats, water turbines, windmills, PV etc work as long as the sun shines.. There is energy all around us that has yet to be tapped.. When they "really" find a way of tapping it let us know. Lawrence Rhodes.
--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message ---

Topics in this digest:

     1. Wrightspeed X1 in Autoweek
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     2. Solomnon Technologies Lawsuit with Toyota
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     3. Alan MacDiarmid, Conductive Polymers, and Plastic Batteries
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     4. Where's the Li-Ion - via EVWorld
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     5. Green ELLE guest editor :: Earth Day HBO premiere
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     6. EV show in Geneva, Switzerland
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
     7. Latest Hydrogen Station Opening in California
          From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>


________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Message: 1
  Date: Mon, 20 Feb 2006 17:54:07 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Wrightspeed X1 in Autoweek

From:
http://www.autoweek.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060220/FREE/60210012/1029/THISWEEKSISSUE
via: Noel Adams anbausa@ altavista.com

Autoweek article on Writespeed EV

Screaming Fun Proving the future can be both mean and green
By MARK VAUGHN

AutoWeek | Published 02/19/06

Yes, the Ariel Atom with GM or Honda power is about the most amazing thing
on wheels right now, but here is something both amazing and environmentally
friendly-the Wrightspeed X1. Ian Wright is CEO of a Silicon Valley start-up
called Wrightspeed (http://www.wrightspeed.com) that wants the world to
drive electric Atoms. Electric Ariel Atoms.

Working with AC Propulsion of San Dimas, California, Wright installed a pack
of lithium-ion batteries and an AC Propulsion three-phase AC induction motor
into an Atom to make the most screamingly fun 236-hp green statement ever.
We know, we just spent the morning screaming.

Wright says 0 to 60 mph comes up in about three seconds, a thrill ride you
have to experience to believe. You will smile through the bugs in your teeth
all day.

But this car is not just a drag racer. Since it is basically a full-on Atom,
the car maintains the Atom's exuberant handling and balance. We weighed it
in AC Propulsion's headquarters after our drive and found it to be 1536
pounds fully loaded, minus people. Weight distribution is 32.01 front and
67.99 rear (leave it to engineering geniuses to be that precise). The heavy
rear bias is kept in check by AC's ultra-sophisticated traction control,
which even comes with an "off" switch.

This car's handling exceeds its thrilling acceleration, which says a lot. AC's
regenerative braking is so precisely controlled that we never really needed
to touch the brakes during our drive. Wright says he can use the regen to
stabilize the car as he drifts it through corners. The possibilities are
endless.

And it goes 100 miles in city driving.

But Wrightspeed is just a start-up, which means you can't buy one of these
cars yet. Whether you ever will be able to buy one depends on the vagaries
of company financing. But if this car represents the future we will all have
once the oil runs out, we say goodbye gasoline!






________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Message: 2
  Date: Mon, 20 Feb 2006 17:25:59 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Solomnon Technologies Lawsuit with Toyota

From:
Solomon Technologies, Inc.
newsdesk@ primezone.com

Solomon on CNBC

TARPON SPRINGS, Fla., Feb. 20, 2006 (PRIMEZONE) -- Solomon Technologies,
Inc. (OTCBB:SOLM) announced today that CNBC will conduct a live interview
with its Chairman, Gary Laskowski, on Tuesday morning, February 21, on
CNBC's Squawk Box.

The interview will take place during the program's early morning segment at
approximately 7:00 AM.

As previously announced Solomon brought an action against Toyota Motor
Corporation(NYSE:TM), Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. Inc. and Toyota Motor
Manufacturing North America in the United States District Court for the
Middle District of Florida, Tampa Division, claiming infringement of a
number of claims in Solomon's U.S. Patent Number 5,067,932, primarily
relating to Toyota's use of the technology in its Prius and Highlander
Hybrid vehicles.

On January 11, 2006, Solomon filed an additional complaint against Toyota
with the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) seeking to
exclude importation of the infringing technology.

If Solomon is successful in its ITC action, Toyota could be prohibited from
importing into the United States infringing combination motor and
transmission systems and those products containing such systems, including
the Toyota Prius and Highlander models.

Information about Solomon Technologies, Inc.:

Solomon Technologies, Inc. develops, licenses, manufactures and sells
electric power drive systems, including those incorporating hybrid and
regenerative technologies incorporating Solomon's patented Electric Wheel(r)
and Electric Transaxle(tm), for marine, commercial, automotive, hybrid and
all electric vehicle applications.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS: This press release contains forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform
Act of 1995. The statements regarding Solomon Technologies, Inc. in this
release that are not historical in nature, particularly those that utilize
the terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "likely," "expects,"
"anticipates," "estimates," "believes," or "plans," or comparable
terminology, are forward-looking statements based on current expectations
about future events, which management has derived from the information
currently available to it. It is possible that the assumptions made by
management for purposes of such statements may not materialize. Actual
results may differ materially from those projected or implied in any
forward-looking statements. Important factors known to management that could
cause forward-looking statements to turn out to be incorrect are identified
and discussed from time to time in the company's filings with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. The forward-looking statements contained in this
release speak only as of the date hereof, and the company undertakes no
obligation to correct or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a
result of new information, future events or otherwise.

CONTACT:

Solomon Technologies, Inc.
Peter DeVecchis
727-934-8778
http://www.solomontechnologies.com

Crescent Communications
David Long
203-226-5527
http://www.crescentir.com







________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Message: 3
  Date: Mon, 20 Feb 2006 16:23:35 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Alan MacDiarmid, Conductive Polymers, and Plastic Batteries

From:
http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/macdiarmid.html

Alan MacDiarmid, Conductive Polymers, and Plastic Batteries
©Alan MacDiarmid
University of Pennsylvania
Photo by Felice Macera · Resources with Additional Information

Until 1987, the billions of batteries that had been marketed in myriad sizes
and shapes all had one thing in common. To make electricity, they depended
exclusively upon chemical reactions involving metal components of the
battery. But today a revolutionary new type of battery is available
commercially. It stores electricity in plastic.

Plastic batteries are the most radical innovation in commercial batteries
since the dry cell was introduced in 1890. Plastic batteries offer higher
capacity, higher voltage, and longer shelf-life than many competitive
designs. Companies are testing new shapes and configurations, including flat
batteries, that can be bent like cardboard. Researchers expect that the new
technology will free electronic designers from many of the constraints
imposed by metal batteries such as limited recharging cycles, high weight,
and high cost.

The development of plastic batteries began with an accident. In the early
1970s, a graduate student in Japan was trying to repeat the synthesis of
polyacetylene, a dark powder made by linking together the molecules of
ordinary acetylene welding gas. After the chemical reaction took place,
instead of a black powder, the student found a film coating the inside of
his glass reaction vessel that looked much like aluminum foil. He later
realized that he had inadvertently added much more than the recommended
amount of catalyst to cause the acetylene molecules to link together.

News about the foil-like film reached Alan MacDiarmid of the University of
Pennsylvania. He was interested in non-metallic electrical conductors. Since
polyacetylene in its new guise looked so much like a metal, MacDiarmid
speculated that it might be able to conduct electricity like a metal as
well. MacDiarmid invited the student's instructor to join his team in the
United States, and this collaboration soon led to further findings. The
University of Pennsylvania investigators confirmed that polyacetylene
exhibited surprisingly high electrical conductivity.

Scientists recognize that various materials can conduct electricity in
different ways. In metals, electricity is simply the manifestation of the
movement of free electrons that are not tightly bound to any single atom. In
semiconductors, like those that make up transistors and other electronic
devices, electricity is the drift of excess electrons to form a negative
current or, alternatively, the drift of missing electrons or positive
"holes" in the opposite direction to form a positive current. Typically, the
excess electrons or the holes are donated by impurity or dopant atoms.

MacDiarmid's team reasoned that the ability of polyacetylene to conduct
electricity was probably promoted by trace impurities contributed by the
catalysts involved in the Japanese student's process. In their laboratory,
MacDiarmid's team confirmed that it was possible to chemically dope
polyacetylene to create either mobile excess electrons or holes. That these
electrons and holes could move explained how polyacetylene was able to
conduct electricity.

When polyacetylene was exposed to traces of iodine or bromine vapor, the
thin polymer film exhibited still higher electrical conductivity. The
researchers discovered that by purposefully adding selected impurities to
polyacetylene, its electrical conductivity could be made to range
widely-behaving as an insulator, like glass, to a conductor, like metal. The
discovery that plastics can behave like metallic conductors and
semiconductors was a chemistry first.

The key breakthrough leading to practical application as batteries occurred
in 1979 when one of Professor MacDiarmid's graduate students was
investigating alternative ways for doping polyacetylene. He placed two
strips of polyacetylene in a solution containing the doping ions and passed
an electric current from strip to strip. As expected, the positive ions
migrated to one strip and the negative ions to the other. But when the
current source was removed, the charge remained stored in the polyacetylene
polymer. This stored charge could then be discharged if an electrical load
was connected between the two strips, just as in a conventional battery.

Chemically, the plastic battery is different from conventional metal-based
rechargeable batteries in which material from one plate migrates to another
plate and back in a reversible chemical reaction. In a conducting plastic
battery, only the stored ions of the solution move-the plates are not
consumed and reconstituted. Since conventional battery life is limited by
the number of times the plates can be reconstituted, this difference
portends a longer recharge-cycle lifetime for the plastic batteries.

One potential application for polymer batteries is in battery-powered
automobiles. Two key measures of a battery's suitability for automotive
application are the power density, which determines acceleration and
hill-climbing ability, and the energy density, which determines the number
of miles that can be driven between charges. Polyacetylene's power density
is 12 times that of ordinary lead acid batteries. Its energy density is also
higher-about 50 watts-hours per kilogram versus 35 for lead acid batteries.
Although plastic batteries are competing against other advanced development
batteries with similar capability for this application, they have the unique
potential to be made of low-cost, environmentally-benign materials.
Supporters feel that a polymer battery can be part of the battery-powered
car of the future.

Polyacetylene, however, is not an ideal battery material. It degrades in
air, is chemically stable only in liquid solutions, and is brittle and not
amenable to injection molding methods used for forming plastic parts in
production. The University of Pennsylvania team, along with industrial
associates licensed to use their technology, searched for conducting
polymers of greater structural strength, thermoplasticity, flexibility, and
lower costs. Allied Corporation synthesized a new material,
polyparaphenylene, a black powder capable of being formed into plates by hot
pressing, that could be doped to conduct electricity. Several other
potentially suitable plastics were discovered thereafter.

One such material was polyaniline. In 1984 and 1985, the University of
Pennsylvania group received patents on the use of this material for
rechargeable batteries. It is inexpensive, and, unlike polyacetylene, it is
stable in both air and water. Polyaniline is the material used in the
plastic batteries that first became commercially available in 1987.

In just 8 years, plastic batteries went from laboratory discovery to
commercial availability, a remarkably fast evolution. With advances
continuing at a rapid pace, there are great opportunities for increasingly
important applications of this new technology.

- Edited excerpt from: Basic Energy Sciences: Summary of Accomplishments,
May 1990, pages 57 and 58.

Alan MacDiarmid shares the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Alan J. Heeger
of the University of California at Santa Barbara, and Hideki Shirakawa,
University of Tsukuba, Japan," for the discovery and development of
conductive polymers."
http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2000

Resources with Additional Information
Additional information on Alan MacDiarmid, conductive polymers, and plastic
batteries is available in full-text DOE reports and on the Web.

Full Text:

The Workshop on Conductive Polymers: Final Report. with group report by Alan
MacDiarmid
http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/xcgi.pl?id='DE87006299'

Energy Systems Based on Polyacetylene: Rechargeable Batteries and Schottky
Barrier Solar Cells. Final Report, by Alan MacDiarmid
http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/xcgi.pl?id='DE86010281'

Structural Determination of the Symmetry-Breaking Parameter in trans-(CH)x,
Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 48, Issue 2: 100-104; January 11, 1982
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v48/i2/p100_1?qid=f0df1cb383b818d2&qseq=12&show=10

One-Dimensional Phonons and "Phase-Ordering" Phase Transition in
Hg3-deltaAsF6, Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 39, Issue 23: 1484-1487; December 5,
1977
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v39/i23/p1484_1?qid=f0df1cb383b818d2&qseq=19&show=10

Electrical Conductivity in Doped Polyacetylene, Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 39,
Issue 17:1098-1101; October 24, 1977
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v39/i17/p1098_1?qid=f0df1cb383b818d2&qseq=20&show=10

with equation correction, Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 40, Issue 22:1472; May 29,
1978
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v40/i22/p1472_1?qid=f0df1cb383b818d2&qseq=18&show=10

Web pages:

MacDiarmid Biographical Sketch
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~macdiarm/Bio-Short.html

Nobel Focus: Electricity through Plastic
http://focus.aps.org/story/v6/st18

MacDiarmid Selected Publications
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~macdiarm/pubs.html

Additional Information
http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/2000/public.html






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Message: 4
  Date: Mon, 20 Feb 2006 18:25:00 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Where's the Li-Ion - via EVWorld

From:
http://evworld.com/view.cfm?section=article&storyid=979

Roger Pham writes:
18/Feb/2006

The following is a quote from a publication by Resources Canada:

"Lithium is the lightest of the metals in the periodic table with an atomic
weight of 6.941. It is a naturally occurring substance that is widely
distributed in trace amounts inmost rocks, soils and natural waters. Lithium
minerals occur mainly in granitic pegmatites. Spodumene, alithium-aluminum
silicate, and naturally occurring lithium-containing brines are the main
sources of lithium. SQM reports that world use of lithium for batteries
accounts for 19% of global use, lubricating greases for 16%, frits for 12%,
glass for 9%, refrigerants for 8%, aluminum alloying for 6%, pharmaceuticals
for 5%, polymersfor 5%, and other uses, including those in ceramics and
enamels, another 20%."

Lithium probably will remain expensive due to the cost of extracting it.
However, Lithium batteries should be highly recyclable, so that battery cost
can be recouped when trading in for a new lithium rechargeable battery. With
widespread use of Lithium car batteries, expect the cost of Lithium to rise
much higher due to escalating demands, therefore the strategy is to delay
plugged-in hybrids and focus on gasoline-electric hybrids with small battery
packs first, or else no one will be able to afford electric car. NiMh should
continued to be used, and the new report about Firefly Lead-Foam-Acid
battery also sounds promising.

Jim Stack replies:
Richard Harding askes a great question, where is all the lithium. Check out
this link
http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/lithium/450301.pdf
It shows a lot in Chile,China, Russia and Australlia.
The USA is also on the top of the list. Jim







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Message: 5
  Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2006 09:05:43 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Green ELLE guest editor :: Earth Day HBO premiere

From:
Amy Grey
amyg@ dishcommunications.com

Dish Communications Inc.
(818) 508-1000 fax: (818) 508-1193


Press release on "Too Hot Not To Handle" executive produced by Laurie David and airing on HBO on Earthy Day, April 22nd. This Hour-Long Documentary offers chilling scientific evidence of a deepening environmental crisis as well as practical, everyday solutions to reducing its causes.

Public awareness and unease about the mounting dangers of global warming has grown dramatically in recent years, but realistic solutions for living more energy-efficient lives remains frustratingly elusive for most Americans. TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE is a cautionary documentary executive produced by environmental activist Laurie David that presents a level-headed, scientific and extremely compelling case for ending the current era of oil dependence. The 60-minute film debuts on Earth Day,

SATURDAY, APRIL 22 (7:00-8:00 p.m. ET/PT), exclusively on HBO.

A primer on global warming, TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE explores the phenomenon's current and future impact and offers achievable approaches to solving the problem. The documentary features contributions from more than two dozen noted authorities on the environment, including renowned researchers, university professors, authors, local government leaders and business people. These experts present straightforward explanations of the root causes and potentially dire consequences of the greenhouse effect, the warming of the earth's atmosphere created by a buildup of carbon dioxide and other gases.

Over the past century, consumption of carbon dioxide-emitting fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) has risen to staggering levels, especially in the United States, where 5 percent of the world¹s population is responsible for 25 percent of the world's CO2 emissions. TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE offers a wealth of chilling evidence that the greenhouse effect is steadily worsening and the Earth is warming faster than at any other time in history.

Among the shocking facts revealed are:

· Deadly heat waves in the U.S. have increased three-fold since 1950 and today kill more people than hurricanes, tornadoes, lightning and blizzards combined. · The average temperature in Alaska has risen 5 degrees, putting 99 percent of its glaciers in danger of melting for the first time in 5,000 years. · Rising sea levels are eroding our shoreline and may eventually displace up to 50 percent of Americans. · Catastrophic storms, such as 2005¹s devastating Katrina and Rita, which draw their strength from warm air, have increased dramatically in the last half-century. · Deadly viruses like West Nile, enabled by higher average temperatures, are spreading to new parts of the globe.

But Too Hot Not to Handle is more than just a sobering preview of what will happen over the next century if unbridled consumption of fossil fuels continues. It also explores creative and potentially lucrative energy options that can lead to a better quality of life and increased prosperity in the future.

Encouraging viewers to think ³outside the barrel,² the film¹s experts give viewers an extended look at the innovative ways Americans can reduce global warming and literally change the world with Earth-friendly options. TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE travels across America to meet ordinary (and not so ordinary) citizens who are already using creative approaches to cut down on petroleum consumption, including:

· Ethanol: American farmers use corn and other natural, organic materials to produce this gasoline additive used to increase fuel efficiency. · Biodiesel: Country and Western superstar Willie Nelson is an early adopter of technology that enables cars and trucks to run economically on recycled vegetable oil. · Hybrid cars: The film follows a group of hybrid owners who enjoy an informal competition to see which of them can surpass their astonishing (and achievable) goal of 100 MPG.

TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE also takes viewers to Texas, where windmills have sprouted in place of oil fields, and to New Mexico to see an experimental solar power plant. Scientists predict that a small area of the Mojave Desert could one day supply the U.S. with all the electricity it needs. Large scale municipal efforts, as seen in Portland Oregon, reduce carbon emissions while increasing local prosperity and quality of life, through a variety of means including comfortable and convenient public transportation and a "green" city building policy that rewards developers for using environmentally sensitive building standards.

"To stabilize the climate, we'll need to cut emissions by something like 80 percent, says Michael Oppenheimer, Ph.D., professor, Geosciences and International Affairs, Princeton University. ³But it doesn't have to be done overnight. We can do it gradually, over the course of this century. I don't think Americans lack ingenuity or innovation. We can reinvent ourselves in ways that would be really extraordinary.²

TOO HOT TO NOT HANDLE is executive produced by Laurie David, a passionate crusader for environmental causes including an end to global warming.

"The film emphasizes realistic changes that will add up to a huge reduction in carbon emissions," says David. "Our goal is to inform viewers and motivate them to make every day adjustments that will pay off in the future."

David recently launched the "Stop Global Warming Virtual March" with Senator John McCain and Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. (whose Riverkeeper organization honored her in 2003), an effort that unites community and business leaders with everyday Americans to urge the U.S. to address the ticking time bomb that is global warming.

More information can be found at
http://www.stopglobalwarming.com

As a trustee of the Natural Resources Defense Council and a founding member of the Detroit Project, David has spearheaded numerous public education and action campaigns, and produced several television commercials that helped ignite a national debate about gas-guzzling SUVs. She also co-chairs NRDC's Action Forum and Executive Forum. Rolling Stone magazine listed her as one of the top twenty-five leaders fighting global warming.

She is married to comedian Larry David; they live in Los Angeles with their two daughters.

Scientists featured in TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE include:

· William Collins, Ph.D., climate scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research · Kerry Emanuel, Ph.D., professor, Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Science, MIT · Paul R. Epstein, M.D., M.P.H., associate director, Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard Medical School · Jonathan Foley, Ph.D., director, Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin ­ Madison · Martin Hoffert, Ph.D., professor emeritus of physics, New York University · Laurence S. Kalkstein, Ph.D., senior research fellow, Center for Climatic Research, University of Delaware
·     Donald Kennedy, Ph.D., editor-in-chief, Science
· Michael Oppenheimer, Ph.D., professor, Geosciences and International Affairs, Princeton University · Jonathan Patz, M.D., M.P.H., director, Global Environmental Health Initiative, University of Wisconsin ­ Madison · Terry L. Root, Ph.D., senior fellow, Center for Environmental Science and Policy, Stanford University · Stephen Schneider, Ph.D., co-director, Center for Environmental Science and Policy, Stanford University · Daniel Schrag, Ph.D., professor, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University · Richard Somerville, Ph.D., distinguished professor, Climate Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD · James Gustave Speth, J.D., dean, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University · Kevin Trenberth, Sc.D., head, Climate Analysis Section, National Center for Atmospheric Research · Warren Washington, Ph.D., head, Climate Change Research Section, National Center for Atmospheric Research · Tom Wigley, Ph.D., senior scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research

TOO HOT NOT TO HANDLE is executive produced by Laurie David; produced by Susan Lester and Joseph Lovett; edited by Tom Haneke; written by Susan Joy Hassol; segment directors, Maryann De Leo and Ellen Goosenberg Kent; segment producers, Vibha Bakshi and Rosemary Sykes; original music by Joel Goodman. For Lovett Productions: executive producer, Joseph Lovett. For HBO: supervising producer, Jacqueline Glover; executive producer, Sheila Nevins.

[This message contained attachments]



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Message: 6
  Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2006 10:18:14 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: EV show in Geneva, Switzerland

Scuze my French!
RC

De : Claudia BERTHOL (Agence H&B Communication)
[mailto:c.berthol@ hbcommunication.fr]
Envoyé : mardi 21 février 2006 15:08
Objet : Invitation SVE : SVE dévoile CLEANOVA, son système de traction
électrique au Salon de Genève 2006

Invitation Presse SVE - Le 21 février 2006
Michel Herchin, Président de la Société des Véhicules Electriques (SVE)
vous convie à une conférence de presse

Première mondiale au Salon de Genève 2006 !
SVE dévoile CLEANOVA® ,
son système de traction électrique
appelé à devenir une nouvelle option de motorisation
pour tous types de véhicules.

Mercredi 1er mars 2006 à 11h15
Salon l'Automobile - Genève 2005
Geneva Palexpo du 2 au 12 mars 2006
Hall 4 - Stand n° 4133

Vous trouverez l'invitation dans son intégralité en pièce jointe à ce mail.
Pour toute inscription, merci de prendre contact avec :
Claudia Berthol, H&B Communication pour SVE
01 58 18 32 43
c.berthol@ hbcommunication.fr

Bien cordialement.

Claudia Berthol

A propos de la Société de Véhicules Electriques (SVE)
Face au réchauffement climatique, à la raréfaction des ressources
pétrolières et aux problèmes de santé publique engendrés par la pollution,
le véhicule électrique est le transport propre et économe par excellence.

La Société de Véhicules Electriques (SVE) a développé Cleanova®, un système
de traction électrique de nouvelle génération. Fruit l'alliance des
savoir-faire de Dassault et Heuliez, le système Cleanova® est conçu comme
une nouvelle option de motorisation adaptable sur une large gamme de
véhicules de série. A ce titre, Cleanova® participe à l'adaptation de
l'industrie automobile à « l'après pétrole ».


[This message contained attachments]



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Message: 7
  Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2006 14:51:56 -0500
  From: Remy Chevalier <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Latest Hydrogen Station Opening in California

From:
Tai W. Robinson ::: Clean Fuel Specialist
tai@ h2go.info

Intergalactic Hydrogen provides MADE-IN-USA renewable energy products &
cleaner fuel options that work with today's infrastructure and beyond. We
build multi-fuel, hydrogen, methane, propane, biodiesel and ethanol
automobiles and appliances. We promote the clean fuel revolution through
educational workshops and engineering consultation. Reduce your footprint on
the planet with American Fuel Vehicles (AFV's) and declare your energy
independence.

Hydrogen Generation and Fast Fill Fuel Station Dedication
February 1, 2006
Riverside , CA

The latest hydrogen refueling station to join the California Hydrogen
Highway network opened to the public in Riverside, "A Model Clean Air City"
on Wednesday, February 1 st, 2006. This station joins Santa Anna as the
first 2 cities to receive their fuel stations as part of the SCAQMD 5 city
hydrogen station and vehicle program that also includes Ontario, Santa
Monica and Burbank . Unlike most of the other 17 hydrogen stations in
California today, this station truly is open to the public and anyone with a
hydrogen powered vehicle can fill up here 24 hours a day. Air Products and
Chemicals, Inc. performed the station construction and utilized a Proton
Energy Systems electrolyzer to produce hydrogen on site from grid
electricity. Quantum technologies built 30 hydrogen vehicles for the project
and provided 5 Toyota Prius's that were modified to burn hydrogen for fuel
instead of gasoline to the city of Riverside. Funding and project management
was provided by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD).

Riverside Mayor Ronald O. Loveridge was on hand and accepted numerous awards
of recognition on behalf of the city for this grand opening event. Cynthia
Verdugo-Peralta spoke on behalf of the SCAQMD during the program. Daniel J.
Rabun of APCI delivered a highly motivational speech about the state of the
hydrogen economy. Andy Abele of Quantum Fuel Systems Technologies Worldwide,
Inc. explained the fuel system upgrades to the Prius's that were on hand for
test drives.

Many hydrogen powered vehicles were on display for the event and one even
drove all the way from Colorado for demonstration. Honda had two of their
FCX's, GM brought a HydroGen 3, the National Guard brought their fuel cell
pick up, No less than 6 hydrogen Prius were available, Jim Heffel brought
both his Cobra and Ranger, while Intergalactic Hydrogen brought the original
H2-H2 HUMMER.

The City of Riverside is on the cutting edge of the clean fuel / clean air
movement and will provide both business and citizens with the fuel of the
future today. This station helps provide the infrastructure to support the
Hydrogen Highway and promote future development of zero-emission, hydrogen
powered vehicles.

*Intergalactic Hydrogen provides cleaner fuel options that work with today's
infrastructure and beyond. We build multi-fuel, hydrogen, methane, propane,
biodiesel and ethanol automobiles and appliances. We promote the clean fuel
revolution through educational workshops and engineering consultation.
Reduce your footprint on the planet with American Fuel Vehicles (AFV's) and
declare your energy independence.

Intergalactic Hydrogen
9851 S. Borg Dr. - Sandy, UT 84092
http://www.IntergalacticHydrogen.com
http://www.H2go.info







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