Chris, Brent and meekerdb, 
While we have been considering optimizing the efficiency of circuitry and 
software, we neglected that while talking on the smartphone, 1/2 of the total 
power budget goes to radiation from the smartphone antenna - about 2 Watts as I 
remember.  That will drain a typical smartphone battery in less than 3 hours, 
and there is not a lot we can do about it, except use the phone for all of it's 
other functions and don't talk too much! 
LWSterritt


On Sep 20, 2013, at 5:24 PM, meekerdb <[email protected]> wrote:

> On 9/20/2013 4:40 PM, Chris de Morsella wrote:
>> Current software is very energy efficient -- and on so many levels. I worked 
>> developing code used in the Windows Smartphone and it was during that time 
>> that I had to first think hard about the energy efficiency dimension in 
>> computing -- as measured by useful work done per unit of energy. The 
>> engineering management in that group was constantly harping on the need to 
>> produce energy efficient code.
>>  
>> Programmers are deeply engrained with a lot of bad habits -- and not only in 
>> terms of producing energy efficient software. For example most developers 
>> will instinctively grab large chunks of resources -- in order to ensure that 
>> their processes are not starved of resources in some kind of peak scenario. 
>> While this may be good for the application -- when measured by itself -- it 
>> is bad for the overall footprint of the application on the device  (bloat) 
>> and for the energy requirements that that software will impose on the 
>> hardware. Another example of a common bad practice poorly written 
>> synchronization code (or synchronized containers).
>>  
>> These bad practices (anti-patterns in the jargon) can not only have a huge 
>> impact on performance in peak usage scenarios, but also act to increase the 
>> energy requirements for that software to run.
>>  
>> I think that -- with a lot of programming effort of course (which is why it 
>> will never happen) that the current code base, and not only in the mobile 
>> small device space, where it is clearly important, but in datacenter scale 
>> applications and service (exposed) applications as well -- that the energy 
>> efficiency of software has a huge headroom for improvement. But in order for 
>> this to happen there has to first be a profound cultural change amongst 
>> software developers who are being driven by speed to market, and other 
>> draconian economic and marketing imperatives and are producing code under 
>> these types od deadlines and constraints.
> 
> There's a lot of bad design in consumer electronics, particularly in user 
> interfaces, because the pressure is to get more and newer features and apps.  
> Eventually (maybe already) this will slow down and designers will start to 
> pay more attention to refining the stuff already there.
> 
>>  
>> If there is a theoretical minimum that derives from the second law of 
>> thermodynamics it must be exceedingly far below what the current practical 
>> minimums are for actual real world computing systems. And I do not see how a 
>> minimum can be determined without reference to the physical medium in which 
>> the computing system being measured is implemented.
> 
> It is determined by the temperature of the environment in which entropy must 
> be dumped in order to execute irreversible operations (like erasing a bit).  
> But you're right that current practicle minimums are very far above the 
> Landauer limit and so it has not effect on current design practice.  The 
> current practice is limited by heat dissipation and battery capacity.
> 
>>  
>> In fact how could a switch be implemented without it being implemented in 
>> some medium that contains the switch?
> 
> The way to completely avoid Landauer's limit is to make all operations 
> reversible, never lose any information so that the whole calculation could be 
> reversed.  Then there's no entropy dumped to the environment and Landauer's 
> limit doesn't apply.
> 
> Brent
> 
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