Ghost fields are scalar fields that have Fermi-Dirac statistics. Popov introduced these as a way of introducing constraints to counter certain degrees of freedom in gauge theories, These are then really a way of countering four degrees of freedom of a gauge field, when there are only 2 polarizations. There is the Villars ghost that has negative norm, which could be a way of managing the negative probabilities that crop up in quantum gravitation. These are then not so much physical fields that are measured, but rather techniques for managing gauge redundancies.
Many worlds theories are not really theories, but interpretations. LC On Sunday, May 3, 2020 at 4:20:04 PM UTC-5, Philip Thrift wrote: > > > > I am a mathematician - not a physicist - but I don't understand why there > is this complaint against the Wolfram Model - but not many complaints about > > Many Worlds theories - https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.08132 > Ghost fields - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(physics) > etc. > > @philipthrift > > On Sunday, May 3, 2020 at 2:02:00 PM UTC-5, ronaldheld wrote: >> >> >> I am a physicist. Ignoring the mind/body problems,what new predictions >> does his model make,and can it be falsified? >> Ronald >> n Wednesday, April 29, 2020 at 4:40:56 AM UTC-4, Philip Thrift wrote: >>> >>> >>> The "hypergraph" stuff from Stephen Wolfram in recent news on his "new >>> foundation" of physics has a name: >>> *The Wolfram Model.* >>> >>> >>> >>> *Some Relativistic and Gravitational Properties of the Wolfram* >>> *Model* >>> Jonathan Gorard >>> >>> https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/wolframphysics/Documents/some-quantum-mechanical-properties-of-the-wolfram-model.pdf >>> >>> *Some Quantum Mechanical Properties of the Wolfram Model* >>> *Jonathan Gorard* >>> >>> https://www.wolframcloud.com/obj/wolframphysics/Documents/some-relativistic-and-gravitational-properties-of-the-wolfram-model.pdf >>> >>> >>> @philipthrift >>> >> -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Everything List" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/everything-list/fe307e62-2a33-4dbb-adeb-4ad6794e831a%40googlegroups.com.
