Thank you to all who have replied.  The answer by Andreas Delmelle was right
on!  I switched over to using external-graphic and not only can I render
within my 1 GB memory limit, my PDF files seem to display faster.

Today I was thinking that if this worked, it would be neat to be able to use
the same technique to embed PDF data; effectively creating content which can
be efficiently repeated throughout the document.  That is when I came home
to find Peter Coppens's email regarding his extension to do just that:

http://www.jeremias-maerki.ch/development/fop/

You seem to be on the right track my friend.

And finally to Mr. Pietschmann's statement:

> In any case, I'm always amazed by the applications people find
> for XSLFO in general and FOP in particular.

Oh yeah!  This is a fantastic tool and anyone with a little programming
experience and a little imagination can really go to town.

I once had to generate API documentation for a large system of code (many
languages) that was documented by several developers (it took 5.5 man-years
to document).  I took their documentation, plus some software analysis
tools, graphviz, and FOP and ended up with over 5,000 pages of documentation
(which the customer required to be printed). 

I love the fact that I can take a Java object modal, and use JAX-B to
serialize it to XML, which is then forwarded to an XSLT transformer which
converts it into XSLFO, which is rendered to PDF by FOP.  And all of this is
done entirely in SAX!!!  Using the Collection and Iterator interfaces, one
can load large datasets into JAX-B lazily.  So, at no point in time is the
entire dataset (in any format) ever in memory.  And all in only in a dozen
lines of code!!!

Adding in the Ancient Egyptian is a synch with the JSesh library that
converts MDC (a standard transcription system for AE hieroglyphs) to SVG.

The only difficult part was taking the source of the dictionary which laid
out the hieroglyphs using absolute coordinates and converting that to MDC
(which doesn't use coordinates at all, but rather logical associations
between glyphs; such as A is on top of B, etc.).  This required the
development of a layout analysis engine, which will need some more tweaking
apparently.

Anyway, when I put the dictionary online I hope to document the whole
process (including code) when I get done with this (this is all
open-source/free-to-abuse stuff).  I think there are some really good FOP
tutorials in this.

Ted


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