E.g.

Motor Imagery of Speech: The Involvement of Primary Motor Cortex in Manual and 
Articulatory Motor Imagery
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579859/

> The results have implications for models of mental imagery of simple 
> articulatory gestures, in that no evidence is found for somatotopic 
> activation of lip muscles in sub-phonemic contexts during motor imagery of 
> such tasks, suggesting that motor simulation of relatively simple actions 
> does not involve M1.

Observation-execution matching and action inhibition in human primary motor 
cortex during viewing of speech-related lip movements or listening to speech
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0028393211001801?via%3Dihub

> The MEP findings support the notion that observation-execution matching is an 
> operating process in the putative human MNS that might have been fundamental 
> for evolution of language. Furthermore, the SICI findings provide evidence 
> that inhibitory mechanisms are recruited to prevent unwanted overt motor 
> activation during action observation.

On 6/7/20 3:31 PM, uǝlƃ ☣ wrote:
> What's interesting to me is the extent to which one *simulates* actual 
> talking when sitting quietly formulating thoughts. It's often less about 
> *what* you want to say and more about how you want to say it to this 
> audience. When Bob and I are talking, it feels like I have little simulations 
> running inside me like Could I say it this way? Could I say it that way? Will 
> that work with Bob? Etc. [†]
> 
> And if I'm right that I'm *simulating* talking as I prepare to talk, then the 
> only distinguishable difference is which motor functions are engaged when 
> simulating vs actually talking. (Note I'm not suggesting all internal 
> dynamics are equivalent to talking. Only that the difference between thinking 
> "I have a cat" and saying "I have a cat" is vanishingly small, or at least 
> not as large/distinct most people think it is.)
> 
> [†] This is one of the reasons people who never pause to let others think and 
> simply fill all the silence with jabber irritate me. Give me a little time to 
> run some simulations, here!

-- 
☣ uǝlƃ

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