For an ordinary sum of values, as described by the central limit theorem with 
finite variance, variance increases linearly with N.

It is relative variance — variance normalized by the square of the mean — that 
decreases with N as 1/N.

Eric


> On Oct 28, 2020, at 10:46 PM, <[email protected]> 
> <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> HANG ON, Roger
>  
> Variance decreases with N.
>  
> Nicholas Thompson
> Emeritus Professor of Ethology and Psychology
> Clark University
> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
> https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson/ 
> <https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https%3a%2f%2fwordpress.clarku.edu%2fnthompson%2f&c=E,1,JpIZN4i-yJIZ3nSFKQVodYv2Ly1HWZoKAqszi3I-n6LurxDMqTHolpMDI76QMgxqfRW4JWJNyrNPap9LQzH1zbNsfyYEnHD3o3kqMNyV5ClOewKj&typo=1>
>  
>  
> From: Friam <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> On 
> Behalf Of Roger Critchlow
> Sent: Wednesday, October 28, 2020 7:16 PM
> To: The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <[email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]>>
> Subject: Re: [FRIAM] high turnout and tight races?
>  
> I would think that the more people who vote the less likely a tie or close 
> outcome becomes, simply by the larger number of ways you can miss with more 
> votes in play.
>  
> -- rec --
>  
>  
> On Wed, Oct 28, 2020 at 8:17 PM Frank Wimberly <[email protected] 
> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>> N = 3 is slightly better.  But I don't have time or incentive to do a 
>> detailed statistical analysis.  
>> 
>> ---
>> Frank C. Wimberly
>> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz, 
>> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>> 
>> 505 670-9918
>> Santa Fe, NM
>>  
>> On Wed, Oct 28, 2020, 6:14 PM Frank Wimberly <[email protected] 
>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>> In 1964 Johnson beat Goldwater by 60 to 40.  The Kennedy/Nixon and 
>>> Gore/Bush elections were extremely close.  In all three elections the 
>>> turnout was between 35 and 40 percent.
>>> 
>>> ---
>>> Frank C. Wimberly
>>> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz, 
>>> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>>> 
>>> 505 670-9918
>>> Santa Fe, NM
>>>  
>>> On Wed, Oct 28, 2020, 6:00 PM Frank Wimberly <[email protected] 
>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>> I'm saying that in this election there will be high turnout and not a very 
>>>> close election.
>>>> 
>>>> ---
>>>> Frank C. Wimberly
>>>> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz, 
>>>> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>>>> 
>>>> 505 670-9918
>>>> Santa Fe, NM
>>>>  
>>>> On Wed, Oct 28, 2020, 5:59 PM uǝlƃ ↙↙↙ <[email protected] 
>>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>>> So, what about the question I asked? You have no opinion on whether high 
>>>>> turnout negatively or positively correlates with narrow victories?
>>>>> 
>>>>> 
>>>>> On 10/28/20 4:52 PM, Frank Wimberly wrote:
>>>>> > I predict that Biden will win by a large margin and that the outcome 
>>>>> > will be clear on election night notwithstanding any outstanding 
>>>>> > uncounted votes.  Young people are voting in unprecedented numbers and 
>>>>> > are reportedly voting against Trump.  Similarly the elderly, who 
>>>>> > favored Trump over Clinton by 10+ percentage points in 2016 are 
>>>>> > favoring Biden over Trump by a similar margin, according to polls.
>>>>> > 
>>>>> > The good thing about predictions is that they can be evaluated 
>>>>> > perfectly after the events have happened.
>>>>> > 
>>>>> > Frank
>>>>> > 
>>>>> > ---
>>>>> > Frank C. Wimberly
>>>>> > 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
>>>>> > Santa Fe, NM 87505
>>>>> > 
>>>>> > 505 670-9918
>>>>> > Santa Fe, NM
>>>>> > 
>>>>> > On Wed, Oct 28, 2020, 5:20 PM uǝlƃ ↙↙↙ <[email protected] 
>>>>> > <mailto:[email protected]> <mailto:[email protected] 
>>>>> > <mailto:[email protected]>>> wrote:
>>>>> > 
>>>>> >     From:
>>>>> > 
>>>>> >     https://www.electoral-vote.com/evp2020/Pres/Maps/Oct28.html#item-7 
>>>>> > <https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https%3a%2f%2fwww.electoral-vote.com%2fevp2020%2fPres%2fMaps%2fOct28.html%23item-7&c=E,1,3R5-SLwhyeJQbthWDBlxAt16YrH15rD0P_-VBW59uGNp9HZJJE3AT5JAzdreT8oFrKqT1lWi-JNLZ-doFp0UZ0KNVVTZ_7gV8hSceUx81MbMtuDvaYx4pjLsGQ,,&typo=1>
>>>>> >  <https://www.electoral-vote.com/evp2020/Pres/Maps/Oct28.html#item-7 
>>>>> > <https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=https%3a%2f%2fwww.electoral-vote.com%2fevp2020%2fPres%2fMaps%2fOct28.html%23item-7&c=E,1,bXYSsq70zdX7RpHGBMmz8GczNqObKoxd3aoM-giya3dZ_Qbzmb5ka_WQ0is5kHTuA76TFPDK_jWeVMoFv0zCGre-WYf2dJ2nmd1rQtPMdK7mzaLLCfcwpEHzGxOb&typo=1>>
>>>>> >     "6. High turnout makes razor-thin victories, like the ones Trump 
>>>>> > notched in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania in 2016, much less 
>>>>> > likely."
>>>>> > 
>>>>> >     Is that true? I've always heard that tight races lead to higher 
>>>>> > turnout, which would imply that high turnout would correlate WITH thin 
>>>>> > victories, not against them.
>>>>> 
>>>>> -- 
>>>>> ↙↙↙ uǝlƃ
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